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单词 with
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withn.

Brit. /wɪθ/, U.S. /wɪθ/
Forms: Also 1700s wyth, width, wieth, 1700s– withe.
Etymology: ? Corruption of width n.
A partition between flues in a chimney stack: locally termed mid-feather.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > chimney > partition between flues
with1708
1708 Act 7 Anne c. 17 §10 All Withs the Inside of such Chimnies shall be Four Inches and an Half in Breadth.
1717 V. Mandey Mellificium Mensionis (ed. 3) 382 The Breasts, and Wings, and Wieths [of the chimneys].
1734 Builder's Dict. at Chimney If they [sc. the Chimney-Shafts] be wrought nine Inches thick,..then you must account your Thickness one Brick and half, in consideration of Wyths and Pargetting, and Trouble in Scaffolding.
1736 Neve's City & Country Purchaser's & Builder's Dict. (ed. 3) at Chimney In Consideration of the Widths, Pargeting, and Scaffolding.
1748 B. Langley London Prices 327 The Widths of Chimneys.
1844 Act 7 & 8 Victoria c. 84 Sched. (F) The Breast of every Chimney, and the Front, Back, Withe, or Partition of every Flue, must be at the least Four Inches in Thickness of sound Bricks.
1905 P. N. Hasluck Pract. Brickwork xii. 100 It will be necessary to tie in the withs on the stretching course.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

withprep.adv.conj.

Brit. /wɪð/, /wɪθ/, U.S. /wɪð/, /wɪθ/
Forms: Old English–Middle English wið, Old English–Middle English wiþ, Middle English wyþ, wit, wid (1800s– colloquial and dialect wid prep.), Middle English wyt, Middle English–1500s wyth(t, withe, (Middle English wyd, wiz, wih', Orm. wiþþ, Middle English wiht, Middle English witt, wiȝt(h, wyht, wyȝt, whiþ, Scottish vith, Middle English whit, Middle English wyt(t)he, whyt(h, whith, witȝ, weþ, Scottish wygh(e, wyghte, wycht, 1500s wight, witht, Scottish vitht, quhit, wutht, 1600s–1800s northern dialect wud, 1700s–1800s Scottish and northern dialect wi', 1800s dialect wiv, way), Middle English– with; abbreviatedMiddle English–1600s wt, Middle English–1600s wth (1500s wth).
Etymology: Old English wið = Old Frisian with , Old Saxon wið , Old Norse við (Swedish vid , Danish ved ): apparently a shortening (peculiar to the Anglo-Frisian and Scandinavian areas) of the Common Germanic *wider- (see s.v. wither adj. and adv. and wither- prefix), perhaps taking place originally in compounds (compare with- prefix and the parallelism of Old English wiþcéosan and wiþercéosan to reject, wiþstandan and wiþerstandan to withstand, etc.). As an adverb, with occurs as the second element forming compounds with other adverbs denoting direction, motion, or extension: forwith adv. and prep., forouth adv. and prep., forrow adv. and prep., forthwith adv., inwith prep., adv., and n., outwith prep., adv., and adj.), downwith adv., adj., prep., and n., upwith adv., prep., n., and adj.
A. prep. The prevailing senses of this preposition in the earliest periods are those of opposition (‘against’) and of motion or rest in proximity (‘towards’, ‘alongside’), which are now current only in certain traditional collocations or specific applications. These notions readily pass into figurative uses denoting various kinds of relations, among which those implying reciprocity are at first prominent. The most remarkable development in the signification of with consists in its having taken over in the Middle English period the chief senses belonging properly to Old English mid mid prep.1 (cognate with Greek μετά with). These senses are mainly those denoting association, combination or union, instrumentality or means, and attendant circumstance. These are all important senses of Old Norse við, to which fact their currency and ultimate predominance in the English word are partly due. The last important stage was the extension of with from the instrument to the agent, in which use it was current for different periods along with of and through, and later with by, which finally superseded the other three. The range of meanings in general has no doubt been enlarged by association with Latin cum. The interaction of senses and sense-groups has been such that the position of a particular sense in the order of development is often difficult to determine.
In common with other prepositions with can be postponed to the end of an interrogative or relative clause introduced by its regimen; but in Middle English it was frequently placed immediately after the verb in relative clauses, e.g. þes rentis þat þe fend haþ dowed wiþ clerkis = these revenues with which the Devil has endowed clerics. In postposition it was for a long period extensively replaced by withal adv. and prep. (see B.).
I. Denoting opposition and derived notions (separation; motion towards).
†1.
a. In a position opposite to; over against: = against prep. 12. Chiefly in adverbial phrases with repeated noun, as face with face, where to is now used.
ΚΠ
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. i. §31 Be norðan is se sæ, þe ægþer is ge nearo ge hreoh, wið Italia þam lande.
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark xii. 41 Sætt se hælend wið..ðæs dores.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 61 Cristes wille bo us bitwon neb wið neb for him to son.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 105 His wise wordes þe he wið hem spec muð wið muðe.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 939 Breoste wið breoste banes þer crakeden.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 23607 Þair ioi, þair gladdscip, qua can tell..Face wit face þat godd to se.
b. In exchange, return, or payment for: = against prep. 7b, for prep. 6. Obsolete exc. dialect.The related senses ‘in compensation for’, ‘in comparison with’ are only Old English.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > in place of [preposition] > in exchange for
withc893
againOE
againstc1225
in the stead ofa1325
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iv. xiii. §1 Hit Scipia nolde him aliefan wið nanum oþrum þinge butan hie him ealle hiera wæpeno ageafen.
993 Battle of Maldon 35 We willað wið þam golde grið fæstnian.
c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxi. 24 Eage wið eagan, toþ wiþ teð.
1442 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1444 64/1 The landis of..Pettendrech, the quhilkis war changeit with the landis of Dunottir.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 1v If the childe misse, either in forgetting a worde, or in chaunging a good with a worse.
1570 in Shropshire Parish Documents (1903) 63 Rec. at the chaunge of the cupp wth the challeis viis. iid.
1637 S. Rutherford Let. 7 Sept. in Joshua Redivivus (1671) 165 We might barter or niffer our lazie ease with a profitable cross.
2. Of conflict, antagonism, dispute, injury, reproof, competition, rivalry, and the like: In opposition to, adversely to: = against prep. 2a, 2b, 2e.Still the normal preposition with such words as battle, chide, compete, conflict, contend, dispute, fight, quarrel, strive, struggle, vie, war, and phrases like go to law, at odds, but now associated with or merged in senses A. 8, A. 13b, A. 20.
ΚΠ
900–30 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 853 (Parker MS.) Ealhere mid Cantwarum, & Huda mid Suþrigium gefuhton on Tenet wiþ hæþnum herige.
OE Cynewulf Elene 836 Hie wið godes bearne nið ahofun, swa hie no sceoldon, þær hie leohtra fruman larum ne hyrdon.
OE Beowulf 152 Grendel wan hwile wið Hroþgar.
a1000 Gnomic Verses ii. 187 Werig scealc wiþ winde roweþ.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 19 Þet he ne misdude wið oderne.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 129 Of þan icompe þe ure drihten hefde wið þene feond.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16981 Ȝiff þa mihhtenn witenn itt. Þatt haffdenn niþ wiþþ criste.
1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 57 He praied him for his nauy to help him with summ.
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 124 Þis knight askid hym if he kend oght with hym selfe.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vii. 26 The lucklesse conflict with the Gyaunt stout.
1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. D3 Poore shipskin how it braules with him that beateth it. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. ii. 356 One, Who in Rebellion with himselfe, will haue All that are his, so too. View more context for this quotation
1668 I. Walton Compl. Angler (ed. 4) iv. 66 He [sc. the trout] may justly contend with all fresh-water-Fish, as the Mullet may with all Sea-Fish.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 54 Let us go and have t'other Brush with them.
1736 Gentleman's Mag. June 334/1 Let the Boys be set a running, as it were, with one another, in getting without Book.
1851 J. H. Newman Lect. Present Position Catholics Eng. vi. §7 Invention cannot run with prejudice. Prejudice wins.
1909 Dublin Rev. Jan. 128 Amazons at handgrips with a long-suffering police.
†3. Of resistance, defence, protection, warning, caution: = against prep. 5a, 5b Obsolete.
ΚΠ
971 Blickl. Hom. 171 Þa woldan hie on ecnesse hæle & trume wið deofla niþum & helle witum.
OE Beowulf 540 Wit unc wið hronfixas werian þohton.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 130 Wiþ bryne genim finules niþeweardes.
c1040 Bidding Prayer in Lay Folks Mass Bk. 62 Þæt hy us gehealdan & gescyldan wið ealra feonda costnunga.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 53 Þe feder and þe sune and þe halie gast iscilde us..wið alle sunnen.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 166 [Hu] ȝe schule witen ow wið þe deofles wiltes.
c1320 Cast. Love 826 Þe seue berbicans abouten,..witeþ þis Castel so wel Wiþ arwe and wiþ qwarel.
c1480 (a1400) SS. Simon & Jude 203 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 214 For þat þu suld mar vnwar be vith þi fais.
†4. Of separation or deliverance: = from prep. 6a, 6b Obsolete. (See also A. 19c)
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OE Beowulf 2423 Sundur gedælan lif wið lice.
OE Genesis 127 Þa gesundrode sigora waldend..leoht wið þeostrum, sceade wið sciman.
a1250 Owl & Nightingale 610 Me is lof to cristes huse To clansi hit wiþ fule muse.
5.
†a. Towards, in the direction of: = against prep. 1 (Only Old English.) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
900–30 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 894 (Parker MS.) Þa wende he hine west wið Exanceastres.
OE Riddle 3 42 Þonne scearp cymeð sceo wiþ oþrum, ecg wið ecge.
OE Beowulf 213 Streamas wundon, sund wið sande.
OE Beowulf 1880 Ac him on hreþre hygebendum fæst æfter deorum men dyrne langað beorn wið blode.
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xxvi. 204 Sum wegfarende man ferde wið þone feld.
b. Near or close to, against, alongside. Now only Nautical with words denoting proximity and consequently belonging more properly to 18.
ΚΠ
900–30 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 878 (Parker MS.) Æt Alre, & þæt is wiþ Æþelingga eige.
OE Beowulf 326 Setton..rondas regnhearde wið þæs recedes weal.
OE Beowulf 2566 Stiðmod gestod wið steapne rond winia bealdor.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) viii. 5 Þa he þæt seow sum feoll wið þæne weg.
c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 447/25 Murotenus, wið ðone weall.
14.. in J. Gairdner Sailing Direct. (1889) 12 Than go your cours with the horse shoo south southwest.
14.. in J. Gairdner Sailing Direct. (1889) 13 Fro Seint Margret steyers and ye will go with Dengenes, your best way is south south west.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 113 Bischop Bawdewyn abof bi-gineȝ þe table, & Ywan, Vryn son, ette wit hym-seluen.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 10 By force of weather driuen with the coaste of Sicile.
1591 W. Raleigh Rep. Fight Iles of Açores sig. Cv A fourth ranne her selfe with the shore to saue her men.
1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. 1133 An houre after Sunne rising, we were with a very long and faire point.
1708 London Gaz. No. 4422/7 It proving close and dirty Weather,..we could not venture in with Land.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. vii. 212 One of our prizes was ordered to stand close in with it [sc. the land].
1790 J. White Jrnl. Voy. New S. Wales 108 As we run in with the land,..we were surprised to see..some small patches of snow.
1849 W. R. O'Byrne Naval Biogr. Dict. 661/2 At the cutting out, close in with the enemy's batteries of La Guépe privateer.
1860 C. Dickens Uncommerc. Traveller in All Year Round 28 Jan. 322/1 A man..saw..some dark troubled object close in with the land.
c. Into the presence or immediate proximity of (and in derived figurative uses): following such verbs as encounter, fall in, meet, etc. (Now associated with 19.)
†6. Governing a demonstrative pronoun, forming conjunctive phrases: with than (the, that), with that, with thi (that), wiþi, wyþy, rarely with this (that) [see than pron., that conj. 1e, thy adv. and pron.] :
a. On condition that, provided that, if.
ΚΠ
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xii. 118 Nolde he syllan ealle his æhta þeah þe he welig wære, wið þan þe he libban moste.
a1200 Moral Ode 152 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 169 Eure he walde her inne wawe and ine wene wunien Wið þet he mihte helle pine bi-flien.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4116 Al þine wille he wule don wið þon þe þu him ȝeue grið.
a1300 Siriz 192 Ich wile ȝeve the riche mede With that hit be so.
a1300 St. Thomas 184 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 22 Grete bewtes to him he bed..Withi he wold dwell with him still.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 532 I shal maken þe fre,..With-þan þu wilt þis childe take.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3972 To-morow I woll be redy, his hest to fulfill, With this I have save condit.
1473 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 470 I wolde he had it for vij yeere, wyth thys that my moodre be agreable to þe same.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 493 With-thi ȝe giff me all the land, That ȝe haiff now in-till ȝour hand.
1497 in F. W. Weaver Somerset Medieval Wills (1901) 353 I will that Isabell my doughter, shal haue all suche stuffe [etc.] whit that she marie by thaduyce of my executours.
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 961 I grant yow leif, withthy Your name to me that ȝe wil specify.
c1500 Crow & Pie v, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1886) II. iv. 478 Haue ye thys, my dere swetyng, With that ye wylbe lemman myn.
†b. With the intention that, in order that, to the end that. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxiii. §2 He..forlæt mænigne weoruldlust wið þæm þe he þone welan begete & gehealde.
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xl. §5 Me wære leofre þæt ic onette wið þæs þæt ic þe moste gelæstan þæt ic þe ær gehet.
a1225 Juliana 3 Þe liflade of a meiden þat is of latin iturnd to englische leode, wið þon þat teos hali leafdi in heouene luuie us þe mare.
II. Denoting personal relation, agreement, association, connection, union, addition.
* Senses denoting primarily activity towards or influence upon a person or thing.
7.
a. After words denoting speech or other verbal communication between persons (with the person as object); properly of mutual communication, but formerly sometimes merely = to prep., conj., and adv., as in quot. ?a1505.
ΚΠ
OE Riddle 39 12 Ne hafað hio fot ne folme,..ne muð hafaþ, ne wiþ monnum spræc.
OE Beowulf 365 Hy benan synt, þæt hie..wið þe moton wordum wrixlan.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7021 He wolde wið þan kinge holden runinge.
c1300 Harrow. Hell 123 Y shal speke þe wyht Ant do þe to holde gryht.
c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋755 I prey yow lat me speke with youre Aduersaries in priuee place.
c1420 Prose Life Alex. 14 He went..for to consaile wit a godd þat þay called Amon.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 341 This, madam, I woll ye sey and avyse the kynge whan he questyons with you of me.
a1505 R. Henryson Bludy Serk 106 in Poems (1981) 161 Scho said nay With men that wald hir wed.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 39 Sum withe his fallow rownys.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 10 You may..knowe by conference had with the Apothecaries.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 230 White handed Mistres, one sweet word with thee. View more context for this quotation
1670 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 16 Give me leave to be ingennuous with your Honour, that mannifacture grows worse daylie.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1665 (1955) III. 398 I had much discourse with his Lordship.
1753–4 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison III. viii. 109 But, unseasonably, as the event shewed, Father Marescotti, being talked with, was earnest to be allowed to visit her.
1884 ‘H. Conway’ Bound Together I. 181 For many years Mrs. Blatchford had held little communication with her family.
b. Followed by reflexive pronoun, in reference to soliloquy, consideration, determination, etc. archaic.
ΚΠ
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 514/2 Whan I determyne with my selfe to do a thyng.
1553 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xi. 30 I beseech yow..waye wyth your self, what a good Master our hevenlye Father ys unto yow.
1565 T. Harding Answere to Iuelles Chalenge 180 Saye this with thy selfe.
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 114v Bicause you are braue, disdaine not those that are base, thinke with your selues that russet coates haue their Christendome.
a1592 R. Greene Comicall Hist. Alphonsus (1599) iv. sig. G2v Remember with your selues.
1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 201 I imagin'd with my self..that..we might multiply..the very same curious Plants.
1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. i. 6 Think seriously with yourselves how many Follies and Sorrows you had escaped.
†c. After communicate, impart (information), originally = ‘share’ (cf. A. 20). Obsolete (now replaced by to).
ΚΠ
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus Pref. I will communicate it with the studious of Physick.
?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxi. sig. G ij I minde to imparte with my countrey men some suche secretes.
1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. i. 4 More ready..to impart your experiments with me.
1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 65 He..communicated his dream with him.
1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub i. 48 The Discovery he made, and communicated with his Friends.
8.
a. After words expressing transaction or dealing between persons (with the person as object).
ΚΠ
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. v Æfter þæm þe Perse frið genaman wið Romanum.
OE Beowulf 155 Grendel..sibbe ne wolde wið manna hwone mægenes Deniga.
?c1360 Alexius 123 (Ashm. 42) in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 177 He..chaungid..his riche wede Wiþ a beggar.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 5848 Wid þe eldest folk of israel, wid pharao þai went to dele.
a1400–50 Alexander 5543 He [Alexander] makis a conand with his kniȝtis.
c1450 Brut 491 Þe Frensh men..labored to haue A traitie with þe King of Englond.
1481 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 72 Ye schall receyve..a lytyll fardell of felles that ys alowyd for iij felles with the costomer.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iii. i. 3 What's your will with me? View more context for this quotation
1637 S. Rutherford Let. 19 Feb. in Joshua Redivivus (1671) 194 I will neither borrow nor lend with it [sc. this world].
1659 in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1920) Apr. 254 I will keepe my dayes with you as long as I am able.
1661 in Extracts State Papers (Friends' Hist. Soc.) (1911) 2nd Ser. 139 Such of his Maiesties freindes as euer had occasion with me.
1780 Mirror No. 110. ⁋1 To do justice to those with whom they have had dealings.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. xl. 115 To give audience to all who had business to transact with him.
1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 410 During Edward's wars our commerce with France was wholly broken off.
b. After words expressing conduct or feeling towards (a person, etc.).In some cases now replaced by other prepositions, e.g. envious of. In expressions of hostile action or feeling, this coincides with 2.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. vii. §3 Hwi murcnast ðu wið min?
c1000 Ælfric Genesis xii. 18 Hwi dydest ðu swa wið me?
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 27 Ȝif þu ert swiðe for-gult wið þine eorðliche lauerd.
a1200 Moral Ode 216 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 173 Ac helle king is are-les with þa þe he mei binden.
a1250 Owl & Nightingale 62 Ich wot þat þu art unmilde Wiþ hom þat ne muȝe from þe schilde.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2705 Godrich, wat is þe Þat þou fare þus with me?
c1400 Brut. i. 18 Corneil his eldest douȝter..was so annoyed wiþ him and wiþ his peple.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. xxvii. 457 Thenne was kyng Arthur wroth with kynge Marke.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xviii. f. xxvj Have pacience with me, and I wyll paye the all.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxiiiv Be in perfect charitie with all men.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 5 He would talke..of the stories of the Scripture, so sweetely..as I was woonderfully in loue with him.
1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor ii. iii. sig. H I am come to haue you play the Alchymist with me. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. v. 144 Be opposite with a kinsman, surly with seruants. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iii. i. 258 O pardon me..That I am meeke and gentle with these Butchers. View more context for this quotation
1677 Earl of Essex in C. E. Pike Essex Papers (1913) II. 108 Ye soldier being very rough with ye Corporall, and refusing to pay.
1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 108. ⁋3 Out of Humour with [see humour n. Phrases].
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 51 That inward Feeling, which,..in familiar Speech, we call being vexed with oneself.
1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat 172 I..lost my temper with him.
9.
a. Expressing a general relation to a person or thing, usually as affected in some way by the action, etc. spoken of: In the matter of, in regard to, towards, to, at, upon, about, concerning; in regard to the condition or fortune of.Sometimes approaching the instrumental use, A. 37; or (with personal obj.) A. 8b.
ΚΠ
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxix. 200 Ðæm ðeowan is to cyðonne ðæt he wiete ðæt he nis freoh wið his hlaford.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9509 Þe king hire wende to..& hæfde him to done wið leofuest wimmonne.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 901 Þan men haueden holpen him doun With þe birþene of his croun.
c1394 P. Pl. Crede 742 Y miȝt tymen þo troiflardes to toilen wiþ þe erþe.
c1400 26 Pol. Poems iv. 8 How it is wiþ hym, y kan not say.
14.. Tundale's Vis. 2366 (MS. A.) How þei schuld be with don as Godus wyll wold.
1502 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 164 There was a servant of yours..was myschevously made away with.
1596 T. Danett Svpply v, in tr. P. de Commynes Hist. vi. 261 Maximilian was behinde with them for certaine moneths paie.
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. iii. sig. C3 You shall deale much, with Mineralls. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. vii. 111 Let vs pay the time: but needfull woe, Since it hath beene before hand with our greefes. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. i. 32 Heauen doth with vs, as we, with Torches doe. View more context for this quotation
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 16 We tooke more Cod then we knew what to doe with.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 557 He told me, it was not decent to be merry with such a matter.
1715 R. South 12 Serm. IV. 27 When the Rooters and Through-Reformers made clean Work with the Church.
1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. iv. 103 I beseech you what is the Matter with you!
1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. xv. 116 Things,..that we have no business with.
1755 Connoisseur No. 100. ⁋5 All these indignities I very patiently put up with.
1799 G. S. Carey Balnea (ed. 2) 159 The walks..have been taken a great deal of pains with.
1801 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales III. 19 What do you want with me?
1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion vii. 318 The..Master's hand Was busier with his task. View more context for this quotation
1816 Countess Granville Lett. (1894) I. 101 His manner is brusque and short, and I got on but little with him.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian i, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 12 He knows how to manage with her.
1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 391 This anxiety with myself.
1841 R. Browning Pippa Passes i, in Bells & Pomegranates No. I 6/2 God's in his heaven—All's right with the world!
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. viii. 200 He surpassed Ptolemy with the astrolabe.
1873 H. E. Roscoe in Owens Coll. Ess. & Addr. (1874) 56 Experiments on the properties of vanadium..made with much larger quantities than it fell to the lot of the Swedish chemist to work with.
1887 ‘L. Carroll’ Game of Logic iv. 95 She is perhaps a little over~doing it, in the way of lessons, with her children.
1923 Times Lit. Suppl. 18 Jan. 34/3 Getting through with work as quickly as possible.
(b)1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. vi. 62 Get along with you, and go to bed.1897 F. Marryat Blood of Vampire vi ‘Go along with you, you bad boy’, chuckled the Baroness.
b. After an adverb or phrase with ellipsis of or equivalent to a verb, usually imperative: e.g. away with it = ‘take it away’, down with it = ‘put or throw it down’, etc.
ΚΠ
c1377 in Minor Poems Vernon MS. 718/99 I ou Rede..Þat vch a Mon vp wiþ þe hede, And Mayntene him boþe heiȝe and lowe.
c1388 in Wyclif's Sel. Wks. III. 472 His proude clerkis schal downe wiþ þer pride.
1477 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 505 My chargys be gretter than I maye a-weye wyth.
1528 Impeachm. Wolsey in F. J. Furnivall Ballads from MSS (1868) I. 360 Down with thy tayle, and of with thy goldyn shone.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxxxvi[i]. 7 Downe with it, downe with it, euen to the grounde.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. ii. 209 Come, to the Forge with it. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 121 To prison with her. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 308 To th' racke with him. View more context for this quotation
1708 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) iv. xviii. 76 He cry'd, in with your Top-sails.
1843 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 54 75 To the foul fiend with Rosley Castle!
†c. In case of, in the event of. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. 1140 A good Hauen with all weathers.
1751 R. Paltock Life Peter Wilkins II. xvi. 196 I don't know what we should do with Fires; we see the Dread of them sufficiently.
d. In phr. : with reference to, see reference n. Phrases 1a, with regard to, see regard n. Phrases 1, with respect to, see respect n. Phrases 5a. So †with (now in) comparison to.
ΚΠ
1669 Hist. Pope's Nephews (1673) i. 38 When once he had put on the habit of a Priest, he could hardly..know himself with comparison to what he was before.
e. what's with——?: see what pron., adv., int., adj.1, conj., and n. Phrases 1h(f).
10. In the opinion, view, or estimation of; ‘in the sight of’.
ΚΠ
OE Genesis 507 Nu þu..hæfst þe wið drihten dyrne geworhtne.
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xxvii. 171 Scyldig wið god.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9521 He had an anlepe son, þat wit his fader was sa wele þat [he] wist his wisdom ilk dele.
c1430 Life St. Kath. (1884) 92 He was so gret wyth þe Emperour.
1474 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 149 Remembryng how grettely in consette ye stonde..with a gentylwoman.
1572 Treat. Treasons against Q. Elizabeth i. f. 61v To discredite those Noble persons with the people.
1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Vincent of Beauvais in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 56 To slay men, to inuade the dominions of other people, and to rifle their goods..are with them no offences at all.
1608 T. Dekker Lanthorne & Candle-light sig. H3 The woorst hors-flesh..does best goe downe with him.
1611 Bible (King James) 1 Pet. ii. 20 This is acceptable with God. View more context for this quotation
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile Alphabet. Table sig. Gg3/2 Cycala-Bassa..is out of credit with the Grand Signior.
1673 J. Milton On New Forcers of Conscience in Poems (new ed.) 69 Men whose Life, Learning, Faith and pure intent Would have been held in high esteem with Paul.
1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 18 Every man, with him, was God or Devil.
1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 21 Most by Numbers judge a Poet's Song, And smooth or rough, with such, is right or wrong.
1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XIII xxiv. 67 Juan stood well both with Ins and Outs.
1841 R. Browning Pippa Passes Introd., in Bells & Pomegranates No. I 4/1 All service ranks the same with God.
11.
a. In the practice or experience of, in the life or conduct of, in (one's) case; sometimes spec. in the language or statement of, according to. (With plural obj. = among prep. 5a.)
ΚΠ
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 He is coral ycud wiþ cayser ant knyht.
a1352 L. Minot Poems (1887) iii. 69 Þan with þam was none oþer gle.
?1478 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) II. 35 Schepe was neuer so der with vs.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xix. f. xxvij With men this is vnpossyble, but with god all thinges are possyble.
1615 T. Maxfield in Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1906) 3 51 Julie the 16, wth yu 26.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. i. 27 It is an accustom'd action with her, to seeme thus washing her hands. View more context for this quotation
1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe iii. 43 'Tis not with me as with a private Man.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 516 This Notion was so Familiar with these Pagans.
1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice III. i. 12 ‘And this is always the way with him,’ she added. View more context for this quotation
1841 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 77 These fits of exaltation are not very common with me.
1864 Mrs. H. Wood Trevlyn Hold xli ‘Were the ricks insured?’ ‘No. There's the smart with Chattaway.’
1881 J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde xiv. 426 With the rough-riding men on both sides of the frontier to meet was to fight.
1909 I. Bywater Aristotle on Art of Poetry 172 Πολιτική is with him the practical wisdom of the statesman.
1910 Bolland Eyre of Kent (Selden Soc.) I. Introd. 95 These omissions would be impossible with a copyist who read over what he had copied.
b. After words expressing influence or the like: sometimes replaceable by over or upon.
ΚΠ
1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 637 With whom when he coulde nothing preuayle.
1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 512 His all-potencie with the King.
1712 P. Leigh Life S. Wenefride 14 He had great Power and Authority with them.
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. xiii. 267 She has no influence with..my sisters that could be of any use. View more context for this quotation
1865 J. Ruskin Sesame & Lilies i. 7 Most honest men..would..acknowledge, its leading power with them as a motive.
** Senses relating to agreement (or disagreement) in some respect.Senses A. 16, A. 18 are closely allied to those under ***, involving the idea of proximity or accompaniment in space or time.
12. Following words expressing comparison, likeness, equality, or identity.In some cases varying with or now replaced by to, e.g. after compare, comparison, equal, resemblance; after same, as is more usual; but with is still regular after some derived nouns, as equality, sameness, and also after even adj., identical, identity, level adj., one adj., rank vb., etc. See the various words.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > marking comparison [preposition]
withc888
toc1000
againsta1225
atweenc1400
toward1527
towards?1555
vis-à-vis1755
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. §2 Hu micle mare is ðonne þæs monnes lichoma to metenne wið þæt mod þonne seo mus wið ðone mon.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7931 Þeȝȝre sang iss lic wiþþ wop.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3090 Þatt wass inoh all an wiþþ þatt Þatt godess enngell seȝȝde.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 259 Of þe same age wiþ þe kyngdom of Assiries.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xx. 317 Thei ben so fewe that thei may not compare with hem.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Phil. ii. 6 Which beynge in the shape off god, and thought it not robbery to be equall with god.
a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 47/1 Waye [= weigh] the good that they dooe, with the hurte that commeth of them.
a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. iv. 105 When we have to do with any thing whose very essence..consists in being greatest, there majus and minus do alter the very essence of the thing, and is identical with magis and minus.
1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 24 Feb. (O.H.S.) II. 348 A sniveling Gentleman of not half the sense with the late poor spirited Dick Cromwell.
1836 T. B. Macaulay Life & Lett. (1883) I. 456 His style affects me in something the same way with that of Gibbon.
1879 W. D. Whitney Sanskrit Gram. 337 Some of the apparent roots..with sibilant final are akin with the desideratives.
1885 Act 48 & 49 Victoria c. 58 §1 This Act shall be read as one with the Telegraph Acts, 1863 to 1878.
13.
a. Following words expressing agreement, conformity, sympathy, and the like.
ΚΠ
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iv. viii For þon hie on symbel wið Romanum sibbe heoldon.
OE Guthlac A 411 Lyfde seþeana þæt hy him mid hondum hrinan mosten, ond þæt frið wið hy gefreoþad wære.
1123 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1120 Se arceb[iscop] Turstein..wearð þurh þone papan wið þone cyng acordad.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 105 Hie ben þenne sahtnede wið þe heuenliche fader.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 6 At his commandement, With whom myn herte is of accord.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xliv. 849 Iren haþ acord [1495 de Worde agrement] wiþ þe stoon adamas.
c1430 Hymns Virgin (1867) 13 God wiþ man is maade at oone.
1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale sig. B.iij Henrichus Bullyngerus..consenteth with me in the significacion of this worde.
1607 B. Jonson Volpone iii. iv. sig. G2v There was but one sole man..With whom I ere could sympathize. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. iii. 32 Hap'ly this life is best..Well corresponding With your stiffe Age. View more context for this quotation
1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. xiii. 409 He falls in with all his neighbours that fall out.
1662 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist (new ed.) p. x Out of faithful and true simpathy and fellow-feeling with you.
1761 F. Sheridan Mem. Miss Sidney Bidulph II. 103 How ill does the vanity of pomp suit with a house of mourning!
1796 Ann. Reg., Hist. 115 Spain was..on friendly terms with France.
1822 P. B. Shelley Hellas 27 The tiger leagues not with the stag at bay Against the hunter.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. i. 107 He declared his determination to govern in harmony with the Commons.
1913 W. M. Ramsay Teaching of Paul 158 His heart became..more..sympathetic with their trials.
b. By extension, after words expressing disagreement.
ΚΠ
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. viii. 30 It containeth impossibilities and things inconsistent with truth. View more context for this quotation
1735–8 Visct. Bolingbroke Diss. upon Parties (ed. 2) 81 They [sc. the Tories]..had only differed with the Whigs about the Degree of Oppression.
1807 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (ed. 5) II. 447 Every edition varies with the preceding ones.
1868 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi (1870) i. 16 Testimony..in no case discordant with that of the Iliad.
14.
a. On the side or party of; in favour of; on behalf of; ‘for’: opposed to against prep. 2 (See also A. 22c)
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4675 Swa forrweorrpesst tu þin godd & haldesst wiþþ þatt ahhte.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2308 He swore, Þat he sholde with him halde Boþe ageynes stille and bolde.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 30 He that is nat with me, is aȝeinus me.
c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 1058 Vertu was full heuy, when he sy Frewyll Take part with Vyce.
1478 Acta Audit. (1839) 66/2 Ilk baroun and freehaldare þat..geve voce with þe said dome.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ix. 238 Nevertheles he came, and helde syde wyth his broder.
1509 J. Fisher Serm. Henry VIJ (de Worde) sig. Aviv What sentence he shal gyue whether with me or ayenst me.
1534 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 317 They were at issue and by a substancyall Jury..Founde with the seid mulsho.
1582 Bible (Rheims) Acts xiv. 4 Certaine of them..were with the Jewes, but certaine with the Apostles.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxix. vi. 713 The citie of Locri..had sided also with the Carthaginians.
1631 Earl of Manchester Contemplatio Mortis 103 When a man comes to bee iudged, his life..shall giue the euidence with him, or against him.
1653 O. Cromwell Speech 4 July in Writings & Speeches (1945) (modernized text) III. 64 He hath appeared with them.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 603 Jove is with us.
1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xlix. 492 There being with the bill 60, against it 75.
1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. vii. 189 The soldiers rather laughed at this blade than with him.
1845 R. Browning Lost Leader in Bells & Pomegranates No. VII: Dramatic Romances & Lyrics 14 Shakespeare was of us, Milton was for us, Burns, Shelley, were with us.
1886 Manch. Examiner 9 Jan. 5/3 M. Granet, Minister of Posts and Telegraphs, has usually voted with M. Clemenceau.
b. In reference to wind, tide, etc.: Favourable to, in a favourable direction for.
ΚΠ
1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 304 As a Boat that (having winde and tide with it) runneth glib and merrily down the stream.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 81 They had..the Flood-Tide with them.
15.
a. In the same way as; as —— does or did, is or was, etc.; like. (Cf. A. 17.)
ΚΠ
c1340 Medit. in Hampole's Wks. (1895) I. 94 So þat þoru þi merci and grace we moun repente of oure..mys-dedis with seint Petir.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. viii. 71 He is Fals with þe Fend.
c1400 Rule St. Benet (prose) 11 Of mekenes spekis sain benet..& sais with hali scripture: ‘Omnis qui se exaltat &c.’
1433 J. Lydgate S. Edmund & Fremund 1034–6 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 395 He..Hadde with Nestor manly auysynesse;..With Tideus he hadde eek hardynesse.
1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Ciij A crooked generation, that loues to swym side-long with the Crabbe.
1600 T. Nashe Summers Last Will Prol. 73 Euery man cannot, with Archimedes, make a heauen of brasse.
1635 E. Rainbow Labour 35 With stomackefull children we bawle for Rattles.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 227. ¶5 I must cry out with Dido..‘Ah! cruel Heav'n, that made no Cure for Love!’
1809 Ld. Byron Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 102 Better to err with Pope, than shine with Pye.
1861 F. A. Paley in tr. Æschylus Seven against Thebes in Trag. (ed. 2) 759 (note) Hermann gives ἀλκὰν with one of the most recent MSS.
1905 G. K. Chesterton Heretics 37 Whether we should love everybody with Tolstoy, or spare nobody with Nietzsche.
b. Followed by the and a superlative used absol.: As well or thoroughly as; (as) one of, ‘among’, ‘of’: forming adverb (or †predicative) phrases denoting ‘to the full or fullest extent’, ‘(nearly) as —— as any or as possible’, ‘very ——’, ‘highly ——’: e.g. with the best: see best adj., n.1, and adv. Phrases 3f; with the first, as one of the first, very early, chiefly, especially (see first adj., adv., and n.2 Phrases 1a); with the least = at the lowest estimate; † with the most inclined = highly inclined. Obsolete or archaic.
ΚΠ
a1300 K. Horn (Harl.) 1119 Þou shen[c]h vs wiþ þe vurste.
a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 1656 The king..kep the leuedi with the best.
1445 tr. Claudian's De Consulatu Stilichonis in Anglia (1905) 28 281 Why is not he redde with the worthiest?
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. lxviii. 531 Soo that nyghte they were lodged with the best.
1477 J. Pympe in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 415 I wold have hym [sc. a horse] sumwhat large, not wyth the largist.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) clxii. 634 Thyne armure is good and thy sworde is with the best.
1556 N. Grimald tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Duties i. f. 41v If ther be anie sommewhat with the moste enclined to pleasures.
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 21v Who pescods delighteth, to haue with the furst, if now ye do sowe them, I think it not wurst.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 45 Not to mowe your Grasse with the latest, but before the seede be ripe.
a1592 R. Greene Sc. Hist. Iames IV (1598) i. sig. C2 A young stripling..that can sleep with the soundest, eate with the hungriest.
1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 376 Of all the difficulties of Truth and Faith, the Article of Christs Resurrection is with the formost.
1671 H. M. tr. Erasmus Colloquies 494 There was no year, wherein he did not gain a thousand Duckats, to speak with the least.
1826 Priestley's Rudim. 55 The preposition with is..sometimes used in conversation, to express a degree..something less than the greatest; as ‘They are with the widest.’
1864 Ld. Tennyson Grandmother v, in Enoch Arden, etc. 116 At your age, Annie, I could have wept with the best.
16. Expressing simultaneous occurrence and association (cf. A. 25), often also implying causal connection (cf. A. 39).
a. At the same time as; at the time or instant of; on the occurrence of (often with implication ‘and because of’); at, on, upon.
(a) Followed by a noun (often qualified).Before occasion, opportunity, now replaced by on or (less usually) at.
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10462 Vtayne wid þis word gan tene.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 136 The payment cessis with the jmpossibilitee of the seruice.
1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. Fiijv And with that word, she spide the hunted boare.
1655 Theophania 89 With a resolution to hire a ship,..and with the first occasion to follow her into Sicily.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 130 Nor ends their Work, but with declining Day. View more context for this quotation
1719 J. T. Philipps tr. B. Ziegenbalg Thirty-four Confer. 338 He hath promised to send you a Copy with the first Opportunity.
1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence ii. x Sometimes with early morn, he mounted gay The hunter~steed.
1822 T. L. Peacock Maid Marian x. 139 John..was determining to take possession with the first light of morning.
1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1871) 157 Browning..draws nearer to the all-for-point fashion of the concettisti, with every poem he writes.
1926 Times 15 Mar. With his death, his younger brother..becomes heir to the barony.
(b) Followed by a demonstrative pronoun: with that (†than), when (and, often, because) that occurred, thereupon; †at that instant, just then (obsolete); saying or having just said that; with this, hereupon. Cf. herewith adv. 2, therewith adv. 2c, wherewith adv. 4b.
ΚΠ
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1203 Wit þis [Trin. Here aftir] was born an hali child, Seth þat meke was and mild.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1409 Laban and his moder wið-ðan Fagneden wel ðis sondere-man.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3368 And þof sco scamful was, i-wiss, Sco tint na contenance wit þis.
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 203 A child..said, he saw a dere. Wiþ þat þe takill wp he drew.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xvi. xvi. 687 With that Bors lyfte vp his hand & wold haue smyten his broder.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xv. 168 Syne..The myddis of the toune he tais, With that neir cummand war his fais.
1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Bv With this she ceazeth on his sweating palme. View more context for this quotation
1603 in Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1906) 2 218 And with this I byd you most hartely fare~well.
1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 22 Take then my tears (with that he wip'd his Eyes).
1779 Mirror No. 35. ⁋11 ‘Who shall decide when doctors disagree?’ And, with that, he made one of the finest bows in the world.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess ii. 39 ‘Our mother, is she well?’ With that she kiss'd His forehead.
b. Followed by a noun or pronoun, forming a phrase equivalent to a clause with when, in which the noun or pronoun is the subject (or object), and the verb is identical with that in the principal clause; e.g. our hopes died with him, i.e. when (and because) he died; to rise with the lark, i.e. when the lark rises (= early in the morning): see lark n.1 Phrases 2.†Formerly also with verbs of durative meaning: = contemporaneously with.
ΚΠ
?a1475 (?a1425) in tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. App. 497 But mony abusions comme from Boemia into Englonde with this qwene.
1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. G2 He being dead, with him is beautie slaine.
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iii. viii. §8. 57 Where the Persians, so many of them as lost not their wits with their courage [etc.].
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 142 His Griefs with Day begun. View more context for this quotation
1742 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (ed. 3) II. vi. 31 Lentulus and Metellus, whose consulship expired with the year.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 479 What was said by Johnson, or other eminent persons who lived with him.
1812 G. Crabbe Tales xi. 204 With Virtue, Prudence fled.
1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn II. xliii. 99 I hear rumours that another large vessel..foundered at sea. I expect that some of the accusers of Paulus perished with her.
c. In the course or duration of, in process of, ‘in’ (time, etc.); often with admixture of the instrumental sense: By, or in consequence of, the passage or lapse of (cf. A. 37, A. 39).
ΚΠ
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 329 With a few yeris þai war passand riche men.
1562 P. Whitehorne tr. N. Machiavelli Arte of Warre vi. f. lxxxvii All other thyng..maie with tyme be ouercome, this onely with tyme ouercometh thee.
1611 R. Fenton Treat. Vsurie ii. xiii. 95 Mans labours and skill wil faile with yeeres.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 164 Come with a thought. View more context for this quotation
1627 W. Duncomb tr. V. d'Audiguier Tragi-comicall Hist. our Times 15 To render you more signal offices, which, with time, I hope to performe.
1784 in B. Ward Dawn Catholic Revival (1909) I. iv. 81 [Prejudices] will die away with time.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Will ii Bettering not with time.
1875 M. Arnold God & Bible p. xxviii Christianity's admixture of popular legend and illusion was sure to be cleared away with time.
1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 74 Unripe fruit..mellows with the months.
d. After words denoting change or variation: At the same rate as; at a rate, or in a manner, corresponding to that of; in proportion to, according to.
ΚΠ
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 105 His stout Stomach with his Food will grow. View more context for this quotation
1701 J. Swift Disc. Contests Nobles & Commons iii. 30 Their Insolence and Power encreased with their Number.
1712 J. Arbuthnot Law is Bottomless-pit v. 10 His Spirits rose and fell with the Weather-glass.
1838 A. De Morgan Ess. Probabilities 140 The probability of an error diminishes with its magnitude.
1839–47 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 516/2 The diameter of the capillaries of muscle varies..with the size of the blood-particles of the animal.
1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. ii. 58 The rate of wages fluctuates with the population.
1910 H. A. Dallas Mors Janua Vitæ? 17 Her conviction as to the importance of the script naturally increased with the evidence for its veridical character.
17. Expressing agreement or accordance, esp. in opinion or statement. to be with, to be of the same opinion as, to agree with. (See also A. 15)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > agree with [verb (transitive)]
to go ineOE
cordc1380
consentc1386
covin1393
condescend1477
agree1481
correspond1545
concur1590
to fall in1602
suffrage1614
to hit it1634
colour1639
to take with ——1646
to be with1648
to fall into ——1668
to run in1688
to think with1688
meet1694
coincide1705
to go in1713
to say ditto to1775
to see with ——1802
sympathize1828
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) x. 75 Thai speke quhilum with the, and othir quhilis agaynis the.
1565 W. Allen Def. & Declar. Doctr. Purgatory i. xi. f. 104v I am not a frade to vse the word Satisfaction, with Cyprian, Origen, Ambrose, Augustin.
1611 C. Tourneur Atheist's Trag. (new ed.) iv. sig. I4v Enter the Watch. Belfo. The Watch? Met with my wish.
1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. i. ix. 46 I runne not with that opinion.
1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Ick ben Met u, I am With you, or, I am of your opinion.
1796 in B. Edwards Maroon Negroes 20 I am perfectly with you, that the pin ought not to receive another screw.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island vi. xxix. 241 Ah, it's a fine dance—I'm with you there.
1886 W. S. Blunt Diary 22 Apr. in Land War in Ireland (1912) ii. 79 Morris is with me about Ireland.
1916 J. B. Mozley Laud I. ix. 235 It was heart beating with heart.
18. In the same direction as; along the course of: opposed to against prep. 6: esp. in such phrases as with the grain, with the hair, with the stream, with the tide, with the wind.
ΚΠ
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxviii. 582 By the grete strenghte of the fysshes it [sc. the corpse] was taried, and went noo ferder with the streme, by the wille of our lorde.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 41v In reapyng, you must regarde to goe with the wynde.
1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill f. 32, in Ess. If it be with the streame or with the hill.
1651 H. More Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1712) 37 With thankfulnesse and reverence he doth receive whatever Divine Providence brings upon him, be it sweet or sour, with the hair, or against it.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 66 As well upon the Traverse..as with the Grain of the wood.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xviii. 140/2 She lies ouer mettle, when the mouth is higher then the breech. She lies right with her mettle, that is she lies point blank, or streight.
c1710 C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 75 The Gardens runns down a great way, you descend with them by severall stepps.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 492. ⁋4 There is no help for it, we must swim with the Tide.
a1774 O. Goldsmith Surv. Exper. Philos. (1776) II. 386 A field of corn, viewed with the wind, is of a different shade from the same field viewed against the wind.
1786 R. Burns Poems 34 For G-d-sake, Sirs! then speak her fair, An' straik her cannie wi' the hair.
1810 G. Crabbe Borough xviii. 243 The black Foot-way winding with the Wall.
1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf viii, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 158 I'll speak him fair..and stroke him wi' the hair.
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xvii. 47 We made sail, dropping slowly down with the tide and light wind.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. With the sun, ropes coiled from the left hand towards the right; but where the sun passes the meridian north of the observer, it is of course the reverse.
1891 ‘S. C. Scrivener’ Our Fields & Cities 10 [Said of a dying man] He will go out with the tide, may be.
*** Senses expressing accompaniment or addition.
19.
a. Following words expressing such meanings as are indicated above, as accompany (see note s.v.), ally, alternate, associate, blend, combine, confront, connect, couple, entangle, incorporate, join, link, marry, mix, partake, share, unite, wed (etc.) verbs (and derived nouns, as association, connection, etc.); communion, company, contact, intercourse (etc.) nouns; together adv.: see the various words. See also along prep. 3.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxvi. §8 Se yfla willa næfð nænne geferscipe wið þa gesælða.
OE Cynewulf Elene 307 Swa ge modblinde mengan ongunnon lige wið soðe, leoht wið þystrum, æfst wið are, inwitþancum wroht webbedan.
OE Beowulf 1088 Þæt hie healfre geweald wið Eotena bearn agan moston.
a1240 Ureisun in Old Eng. Hom. I. 201 Hwoa so euer wule habben lot wið þe of þine blisse, he mot delen wið þe of þine pine on eorðe.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 18019 Aisel haue i blend wid gall.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 201 Þei ben maad fast wiþ þe botme of þe stomac.
1557 Dunfermline Reg. (Bannatyne Club) 400 To pay..Twelf caponis to giddir wutht hariage careage and due serwice.
1665 I. Walton Life of Hooker Introd. About forty years past..I began a happy affinity with William Cranmer.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 409 Fierce rain with lightning mixt, water with fire In ruine reconcil'd. View more context for this quotation
1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 27 Oct. 101 I was once determined to throw off all connexions with taste.
1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers ii. xiv. 214 A kind of feeling, or immediate perception of things present, and in contact with the percipient.
1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece II. xvi. 345 The Lacedæmonians, whose force, together with the Tegeans and forty thousand light troops, amounted to upwards of fifty thousand men.
1889 A. C. Swinburne Study of Jonson 87 The collocation of such names..as those of Æglamour and Earine with such others as March and Maudlin.
b. Following words expressing acquaintance or familiarity. (After accustom(ed), known, now replaced by to.)
ΚΠ
c1220 Bestiary 113 His muð is ȝet wel unkuð wið pater noster and crede.
a1225 Juliana 14 Ne ich neuer þat ich wite nes wið him icnawen.
1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 225 Þan went þis Ottobone þorghout þe cuntre, & quaynted him with ilkone.
c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 532 I..gan me aqueynt With hym.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 216 Famylier was hee With Frankeleyns ouer al in his contree.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. xxiii. 9 Let not thy mouth be accustomed with swearinge.
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. liii. 3 He is..a man of sorrows, and acquainted with griefe. View more context for this quotation
1719 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. i. 197 They could not..undergoe the fatigue that the natives were accustomed with.
1880 L. Stephen Alexander Pope iii. 61 Pope was not disinclined to pride himself upon his familiarity with the great.
c. By extension, following words expressing separation: e.g. to break with = to break off connection with (break v. 34); to part with = to cease to be with or to have with one (part v. 1b). (After take leave now replaced by of.)
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17022 Kynd na saul suffers ar to part wit man o-liue.
c1485 Digby Myst. (1883) iii. 102 O ye good fathyr of grete degre, thus to departe with your ryches.
1486 Bk. St. Albans E iij b In iij. degrees he hem berith or he with hem twyn.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. vi. 50 It cannot be, The Volces dare breake with vs. View more context for this quotation
a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) lxvii. 224 My wife..and my selfe, came to take leave with him.
1808 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) II. 110 For more than a year, Scott has cut with the Edinburgh Review.
1885 Manch. Examiner 28 Mar. 5/5 The imminence of a rupture with Russia.
20. Expressing association or participation in some act, proceeding, or experience; spec. = acting on the same side as (another lawyer) in an action at law.
ΚΠ
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 262/46 To alle þat with hire sunegy wolde euere redi heo was.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12276 Iesus went him for to plai Wit childir on an halidai.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 201 Ȝif þou be partenere in dede of thefte,..or of ony oþer wronges, þat is for to seyne, in folowynge wyth suche doers.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xii. 15 Be mery with them that are mery. wepe with them that wepe.
1533 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe iii. xii. 67 Hym, which had committed adoutry with his mayster's wyfe.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 33 I wil buy with you, sell with you, talke with you, walke with you, and so following: but I will not eate with you, drinke with you, nor pray with you. View more context for this quotation
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 53. ⁋7 I will..for the future be merry with the Vulgar.
1816 W. Scott Old Mortality ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 202 My lot is cast with Evandale, and with him I am resolved to bear it.
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxxiii. 355 ‘I am for the plaintiff, my Lord,’ said Mr. Sergeant Buzfuz. ‘Who is with you, brother Buzfuz?’ said the Judge.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxviii. 3384 Rob..ran sniggering off to get change, and tossed it away with a pieman.
1883 Manch. Examiner 7 Nov. 5/2 A new weekly mail service with Australia.
21.
a. (with such verbs as bring, take, come, go) Followed by a noun or (most commonly) pronoun denoting the person (vessel, etc.) that leads, conveys, or carries a person or thing, thus having it in charge (cf. A. 23, of which this use is the converse).Also figurative after take: see take v. Phrases 1g(b), Phrases 1g(a).
ΚΠ
c1290 St. Matthew 9 in S. Eng. Leg. 77 He bi-lefde þo is weork, and wiz ore louerd eode.
c1290 Beket 1213 in S. Eng. Leg. 141 With him a-morewe he nam his oste.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5297 To mi lauerd yee com wit me, I sal yow do a-quentid be.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 133 [Nilus] makethe the londe plentuous thro slycche that hit drawethe with hit.
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 6 Thay past vnto Paris..With mony Prelatis & Princis.
a1596 Sir Thomas More (1911) i. ii. 28 Ten poundes..To carie in your pursse about with ye.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. i. 72 Come, goe with vs, we'll bring thee to our Crewes. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 112 The Shepherd last appears, And with him all his Patrimony bears. View more context for this quotation
1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 68/1 My uncle used frequently to go to Maha Rajah's: when I was little I used to go with him.
1812 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 178 The truth is that we brought with us the rights of men.
1869 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest III. xi. 61 They took with them no force capable of controlling..the country.
b. In the possession, keeping, care, or charge of (a person); in the hands of. (literal and figurative.)
ΚΠ
1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 32 Whan no wordliche wele is wiþ us founde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4403 His mantel es bi-left wit me.
1528 in N. Pocock Rec. Reformation (1870) I. 81 Leaving with the master of the Rolls such things as might..instruct him.
1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. ix. 341 That..commissionary authority, which is by Christ entrusted with them.
a1724 W. Hamilton Descr. Lanark & Renfrew (1831) 64 Douglass parish..continued with the Earles of Douglass untill their fatall forfeiture.
1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 68/1 You have for a long time had my money; it shall remain no longer with you.
1825 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Wks. (1859) I. 6 The committee..left it in charge with their chairman to forward them by express.
1828 R. Whately Elem. Rhetoric (1850) i. iii. §2 The ‘burden of proof’ lies with the accusers.
1896 A. Conan Doyle Exploits Brig. Gerard iii. 121 The deal lay with him.
1911 Act 1 & 2 George V c. 46 §17 The ownership of an author's manuscript after his death..shall be primâ facie proof of the copyright being with the owner of the manuscript.
c. In the nature or character of; as a quality or attribute of. Now chiefly after way: see way n.1 and int.1 Phrases 1b(d) (The converse of 31.)
ΚΠ
14.. Tundale's Vis. 31 With hym was no charyte.
1553 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Eneados ix. Prol. (margin) Vertue..has euer this rewill with hyr: do as thou wald be done to.
1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxv. 30) 200 This hunter hath no ho with him.
1680 J. Dryden Kind Keeper i. i. 3 She has a notable Smack with her!
1711 R. Martin in E. H. Burton Life Bp. Challoner (1909) I. iii. 33 He had such an honest way with him.
1848 J. H. Newman Loss & Gain ii. xx. 293 What a way those fellows have with them!
22.
a. In the company, society, or presence of.face to face with: see face to face with at face n. Phrases 1a. with God, in heaven: see god n. and int. Phrases 2b. with oneself (dialect): by oneself. with us, with them, alive, still living.
ΚΠ
a1300 K. Horn (Cambr.) 363 He schal wiþ me bileue Til hit beo nir eue.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 234 Ones I was herberwed..with an hep of chapmen.
a1400 Gosp. Nicod. (S.) 1579 Withe me þis ilk day be þou sall, With me in heuenryke.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5706 Þat fot moyses ful skete, And wit þe preist raguel he ete.
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1613 Þan Wer þair common whit hym kyngez.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 61 Then sate scho done all othyr wyth.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xii. f. cxxxix The povre all wayes shall ye have with you, butt me shall ye nott all wayes have.
1553 Dioc. Reg. Glasgow (1875) I. 209 The said contrak..subscrivit wyth Schir Jhone Alaine, notair publik.
1611 Bible (King James) Acts ix. 39 All the widowes stood by him weeping, and shewing the coats and garments which Dorcas made, while shee was with them . View more context for this quotation
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 26. ⁋11 This Gentleman who has arrived with you is a fool of his own making.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1763 I. 216 I begged I might be allowed to pass an evening with him there soon.
1814 Sailor's Return i. i, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre II. 313 This whipper-snapper of mine..sets off with himself, and no one knows where.
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 91 Alone with her good angels, far apart From wicked men like thee.
1857 M. Arnold Rugby Chapel 25 I..think Of bygone autumns with thee.
1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn II. lviii. 254 He found Nero sitting with Poppæa and Tigellinus.
1914 ‘I. Hay’ Knight on Wheels xvii I don't go very often... Perhaps it is because I have no one to go with.
1961 E. Williams George xxiii. 391 That Mr Bellis, he's gone dead, not that he had that much life in him when he was with us, poor fellow.
1966 Listener 3 Feb. 166/2 The English church at Shiraz..was built entirely thanks to the enthusiasm of the then incumbent, who was a very learned man (is indeed still with us).
b. spec. At the house of, or in the same house or meeting-place as; in the household, retinue, or service of, attending upon; on a visit to, being the guest of (hence be with sometimes = ‘visit’, ‘call upon’).
ΚΠ
c1275 Laȝamon Brut 6 He wonede at Ernleie wid þan gode cniþte.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 465 Sella wuneð oc lamech wið.
a1400 in Halliwell Early Hist. Freemasonry (1840) 20 He most love..his mayster also, that he ys wyth.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 65 This ilke worthy knyght hadde been also Som tyme with the lord of Palatye Agayn another hethen in Turkye.
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 171 When sho had ligen þus many day sho dyed, & no body with hur.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 286 Þei..weryn harberwyd wyth a ryȝt good man.
c1465 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 71 Squier for þe body with Kynge H.
1482 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 121 I thank yow of the grette cher that ye dydde me at my laste beyng wytthe yow.
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Piiv For them whomewyth they be in wayges they fyghte hardelye.
1583 in Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1908) 5 38 Somtyme Apprentice with oon Mr Bannester of Preston.
1651 O. Cromwell Let. 12 Apr. in Writings & Speeches (1939) (modernized text) II. 405 If Dick Cromwell and his wife be with you, my dear love to them.
1712 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 22 Jan. (1948) II. 468 He was glad to find I was not with James Broad.
1715 Lady Cowper Diary (1864) 44 This Day Madame Selnave was with me to thank me for her Affair being ended.
a1752 in Jrnl. Friends' Hist. Soc. (1918) 21 Went..to Yealand Scool..to learn Wrighting and Arithmatick with Michael Jenkinson.
1803 T. Jefferson Let. in Writ. (1854) IV. 470 He will be with you in Philadelphia in two or three weeks.
1878 T. Hardy Return of Native III. v. vi. 178 Have you heard that Eustacia is not with me now?
c. figurative in reference to an abstract thing: to be with, to accompany, ‘attend’. Also in reference to God, combining the ideas of presence or companionship and favour, assistance, or the like (cf. A. 14).Cf. God be with you, goodbye n., int., and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > accompany or attend [verb (transitive)]
followeOE
to be with1382
to stand with ——1384
fellowship?c1400
fellow1434
encompanya1513
to go with ——1523
to come with ——1533
accompany1543
associate1548
affellowship1559
to wait on ——1579
concomitate1604
second1609
companion1622
comitate1632
attend1653
waita1674
to keep (a person) company1849
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Judges vi. 12 The Lord with thee, moost stroong of men.
a1400 Gosp. Nicod. (Galba) 1020 Goddes bliscing be all his puple with.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) iii. 10 Godd be with þe, for Godd es with vs.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Eph. vi. 24 Grace be with all them which love oure lorde Jesus Christ.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 7 This calme and immoderate heate continued with vs seuen dayes.
1790 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 422 Day and night my fancy's flight Is ever wi' my Jean.
1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words at Wud ‘God be wud her’—God rest her soul.
1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad xxxvii. 54 Luck, my lads, be with you still.
1897 R. Kipling Recessional in Times 17 July 13/6 Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet.
d. The phrase to be with, used in menace, etc. = to be avenged on, chastise, be even with (cf. A. 12), perhaps belongs here (cf. visit v. 3), but has affinities with other senses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > take vengeance on > be revenged upon
to be even witha1500
to have one's pennyworths out ofa1566
to be meet (also meets) with1584
to be with1597
to get even with1846
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. iii. 68 Was I with you there for the goose? View more context for this quotation
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 404 I will be with thee straight. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iv. i. 153 What, do you grumble? Ile be with you straight. View more context for this quotation
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) ‘I'll be wi' him for that yet,’ Roxb.
e. to be with (a person), to follow his line of reasoning, to keep up with and understand his explanation, instructions, etc. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)] > keep up with
follow1667
to go with ——1873
to keep track1883
to be with1900
1900 F. P. Dunne Mr. Dooley's Philos. 248 We keep our thoughts fixed upon th' inanity iv th' finite in comparison with th' onthinkable truth with th' ondivided an' onimaginable reality. Boys ar-re ye with me?
1933 Punch 8 Feb. 150/3 ‘Does it look to you as if the Boss keeps his skeletons in any ice-boxes around here?’ ‘Huh?’ she said, not quite with me yet.
1955 N. Fitzgerald House is Falling xi. 190 ‘I'm with you so far,’ said Hugh who for the first time was really giving his mind to the problem.
1977 T. Heald Just Desserts viii. 188 ‘She will have to be taken in hand. Which..has been the point of the exercise all along.’ ‘I'm not with you.’
f. to be with it, to be within a particular fashionable or exclusive group or set, to be up-to-date or au fait with the latest news, ideas, etc.; to be mentally alert. Also to get with it, to become informed or up-to-date, etc. slang (originally U.S.). Cf. with-it adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [verb (intransitive)] > follow fashion
to be in the fashion1569
modea1661
to be with it1931
swing1957
to get with it1961
1931 Amer. Mercury Nov. 353/2 Not with it, said of an outsider. ‘He's not with it.’
1959 R. Condon Manchurian Candidate (1960) vii. 108 They are with it, Raymond. Believe me, they are even away ahead of me.
1960 Guardian 9 Dec. 13 The new Time and Tide, to borrow the language of the teen-ager, is ‘with it’.
1961 J. O'Hara in Assembly 159 Bud come to see you, especially when you had a chance of winning? Get with it, boy.
1971 Daily Mail 6 May 24/4 Horne made a strong attempt to get with it. Result: the stronger emphasis on fashionwear.
1976 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts 125 17/1 The need to be in fashion—in the swim—up to date—‘with it’—might not have been the least of our driving forces for general progress.
1981 M. Doody in D. Martin & P. Mullen No Alternative iv. 37 What is ‘with it’ for one or two generations can seem palpable folly a hundred years later.
1985 W. J. Burley Wycliffe & Four Jacks vii. 149 There's an old man, living in a home... He's quite with it—I mean he's mentally alert.
23.
a. Having in one's hold, keeping, or charge; having within its compass, limits, area, etc.; leading, bringing, conveying, carrying, wearing, containing, etc.with bag and baggage: see bag n. 20. ( found (or taken) with the mainour (manner)): see mainour n. 1.
ΚΠ
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 52 Þanne micthe chapmen fare Þuruth englond wit here ware.
a1400 Pist. Susan 5 His Innes and his orchardus were with a dep dich.
c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 759 A pot with riche wine.
c1430 Chev. Assigne 23 A pore womman..Withe two chylderen her by-fore.
1488 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 80 A poik of canwes with demyis contenand aucht hundreth ane les.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxvi. 123 b/1 The erle..toke hym a flagon with wyne, wherof he had dronke.
1539 Bible (Great) 2 Sam. xviii. 27 He is a good man, and commeth with good tydinges.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5564 Palomydon..presit into hauyn,..With xxxti shippes full shene, shot full of pepull.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ii. (stage direct.) Enter old Gobbo with a basket. View more context for this quotation
1722 London Gaz. No. 6054/2 A tall..Man,..with Ruffles and a light bag Wig.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 609 He ordered Grey to lead the way with the cavalry.
1888 J. M. Barrie Auld Licht Idylls iv. 105 The crowd..was back in a moment with a handful of small change.
b. with child, with young, etc., said of a pregnant woman or animal (also in figurative phrases from these).See child n. Phrases 1, egg n. 4, foal n. 1b, whelp n.1 1b, young adj. and n.1 Phrases 2a; also big adj. 6a, 6b, great adj. 5, pregnant adj.1 3, 4a, 1, 5 (where the sense approaches 39); beget v. Phrases, conceive v. 10, get v. 26a(a), go v. 6.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > pregnancy or gestation > [adjective]
greatc1175
with childc1175
with childc1300
baggeda1400
bounda1400
pregnant?a1425
quicka1450
greaterc1480
heavyc1480
teeming1530
great-bellied1533
big1535
boundenc1540
impregnate1540
great-wombeda1550
young with child1566
gravid1598
pregnate1598
pagled1599
enceinte1602
child-great1605
conceived1637
big-bellieda1646
brooding1667
in the (also a) family way1688
in the (also that) way1741
undelivered1799
ensient1818
enwombeda1822
in a delicate condition1827
gestant1851
in pod1890
up the (also a) pole1918
in a particular condition1922
preg?1927
in the spud line1937
up the spout1937
preggy1938
up the stick1941
preggers1942
in pig1945
primigravid1949
preggo1951
in a certain condition1958
gestating1961
up the creek1961
in the (pudding) cluba1966
gravidated-
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2455 Þu best wiþþ childe off haliȝ gast.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10572 Anna wit child was of a mai.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 391 Þe childe mett a cowe with' calfe.
1491 Acta Audit. (1839) 148/1 xxxij ȝowis with lamb.
1504 Lincoln Wills (1914) I. 21 If my wyfe be wyth a sonne.
?1556 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 152 ix whies calved and wt calve.
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 269 When Hawkes fall to laying egges, and to be with egge in the mewe.
1585 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 149 The childe my wief is now conceyvid with.
1633 G. Herbert Church Porch in Temple vi He that is drunken, may his mother kill Bigge with his sister.
a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 23 If they are with egg, their vents will be open.
c1850 Arabian Nights (Rtldg.) 388 I have also to inform you, that I am with child, and if Heaven so much favours me as to give me a son [etc.].
†c. In ownership of, as owner of, having in possession. Scottish. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1406 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1427 17/2 Quhyl we remane wyth the said landis.
1483 in G. Neilson & H. Paton Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1918) II. Introd. p. cxiv The said Thomas sall remain with the said land and tenement.
d. with costs, with damages (in a lawsuit): in early use said in reference to the winning party = ‘in possession of’, ‘having as awarded’; later, in reference to the verdict = ‘accompanied by an order to the losing party to pay’ (cf. A. 32).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [adverb] > with compensation in lawsuit
with damages1466
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > judging or judgement [phrase] > with costs or damages
with damages1466
1466 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 76 Richard..prayeth þat he may be dismissed out of this Courte with his costes and damages.
1775 G. Wilson Rep. Court Common Pleas: Pt. 3rd 319 A verdict was given for the plaintiff, with one pound eleven shillings and sixpence damages.
1830 R. V. Barnewall & C. Cresswell Rep. Cases King's Bench IX. 528 They..recovered 25l. penalty, together with taxed costs.
1866 Scottish Law Reporter 3 81/1 The defender [was] assoilzied with expenses.
24.
a. Accompanied by; having as an addition; having in one's company. Often connecting the two nouns or pronouns: = ‘and in addition’, ‘and besides’, or simply ‘and’. Occasionally in compound place-names: = cum prep. †with the mare (Scottish): = and more, and something over: see more pron. 3b (obsolete).
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14792 Faraon wiþþ all hiss ferd Comm affterrwarrd.
a1300 E.E. Psalter ciii. 27 [civ. 25] Bestes smaller with þe mare.
1370–80 Visions St. Paul 247 in Old Eng. Misc. 230 Þer as was wepyng wiþ muche vnseeþe.
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 205 Þe Sixte, wiþ Clementyns, done myche harm to Goddis lawe, and enfeblen bileve.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 367 The water was so habundante that hit pereschede þe woman with here childe.
1494 Acta Audit. (1839) 205/2 Alexander..tuk fra him out of his maling vxx of ȝowis with the may.
1502 Reg. Privy Seal Scot. I. 112/2 Half a ȝere, with the mare, befor the date hereof.
1563 T. Wilson Rule of Reason (new ed.) sig. Pij Beauuis with Alexander are comprehended vnder manne, as their kinde and speciall.
a1706 J. Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) I. vii. 410 The permitting female slaves to be corrupted by their masters, with the like.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 346 We readily agreed to follow him, as did also twelve other Gentlemen, with their Servants.
1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. ii. xviii. 40 These grey pews, with the buff-washed walls, gave a very pleasing tone to this shabby interior.
1911 Act 1 & 2 George V c. 6 §1 Imprisonment with or without hard labour.
in attributive phr.1898 Westm. Gaz. 17 May 8/1 To inaugurate some with-profit scheme.
b. Comprising in the whole number or total; including.
ΚΠ
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) 86 Til ihesus crist fro helle nam His quemed wid eue and adam.
1839 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (new ed.) 366 ‘What's the terms?’..‘Five guineas a week, ma'am, with attendance.’
1928 N.E.D. at With Mod. ‘How many were there in the party?’ ‘I should say about twenty, with the children.’
c. Accompanied by (favourable wind, weather, etc.); having the advantage of.
ΚΠ
1536 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 58 Goyng from the porte of London at a full see with a full wynde.
1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xv. xlv. 275 This euening (if you make good speed) To that hils foote with day-light might you passe.
1686 tr. J. Chardin Trav. Persia 75 We put again to Sea with fair Weather.
d. with-profit(s) adj., of a life assurance policy: allowing the insured to receive a share of the profits of the insurance company, usually in the form of a bonus. Also applied to holders of such policies, the associated payments, etc. Cf. without-profit(s) at without prep. 7c.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [adjective] > insurance policy types
tontine1790
whole-life1832
term1834
floating1839
all risks1885
third party1901
non-profit1905
knock for knock1906
stamped1913
warehouse to warehouse1922
without-profit(s)1924
with-profit(s)1924
loaded1928
unit-linked1966
no-fault1967
new-for-old1984
critical illness1986
1924 Tayler & Tyler Life Assurance ii. 19 Nearly all the offices transacting life assurance business issue two great classes of policy—(a) Those which share in the profits, known as ‘with-profit’ or ‘participating’ policies; and (b) Those which do not share in the profits, known as ‘without-profit’ or ‘non-participating’ policies.
1944 S. d'E. Colam Life Assurance for Agents 16 Premiums for with profit policies are larger than for without profit policies.
1950 Economist 18 Nov. 840/2 In trying to assess the relative merits of with-profit contracts, the only firm basis of comparison is the actual amount paid.
1961 Observer 10 Dec. 4/3 A modest writing-up of book values would add to the good times which with-profit-holders can expect in the future in the form of bumper bonuses.
1965 Economist 24 July p. xxii/2 These profits go to the with-profits policyholders, as well as the profits on the with-profits business itself.
1979 Financial Times 20 Jan. 7/6 If you are shopping around for a with-profits policy, take a look at how insurance brokers work out projections of maturity value.
1982 Equity & Law Life Assurance Co. Ann. Rep. 1981 16 The rate of terminal bonus depends on the year of entry as a with-profit benefit and is applied to the with-profit sum (or annuity) and attaching bonus.
25. Expressing association, conjunction, or connection in thought, action, or condition. one (day, etc.) with another: see one pron. 17b.
ΚΠ
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 91 And so is Cornewayle acounted wiþ þe oþere schires.
1472 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 124 For the certente what my cosen shall have with her, yf God provide for them that they shall go throwe in mariage.
1678 H. Prideaux Lett. (1875) 64 Livy may be read with him [sc. Dionysius of Halicarnassus].
1784 Unfortunate Sensibility II. 7 One week with another she earned about half-a-crown.
?1807–8 W. Wordsworth Somnambulist 162 And thou, in lovers' hearts forgiven, Shalt take thy place with Yarrow!
1820 P. B. Shelley To Skylark in Prometheus Unbound 205 With thy clear keen joyance Languor cannot be.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 148 He was to his wife what the 0 is in 90—he was of some importance with her—he was nothing without her.
1918 Act 8 George V c. 4 §6 This Act..may be cited with the Trustee Savings Banks Acts 1863 to 1904.
26.
a. Expressing collocation in space.
ΚΠ
1480 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 54 Aull iij sortes lyes togyddyr whon wt anothyr.
1480 Acta Dom. Conc. (1839) 47/1 Þe castin of petis in a mosse merchand with þe landis of Dalruskane.
1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 21 We thought it enough to put it [sc. a paper] in with that of the Suedish Ambassadors.
1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 109 The most conspicuous of the..Entrances..into the work it self lyeth North-East, whereby it fronteth rightly with the publique or high road.
1815 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) XII. 484 I send with this dispatch three eagles, taken by the troops in this action.
1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous i, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. III. 223 The bonnet usually worn with this showy dress.
1849 J. Ruskin Samuel Prout in Art Jrnl. Mar. 77 The angle formed by St. Mark's Church with the Doge's palace.
1914 F. Gribble Francis Joseph xxxi. 331 The aristocracy dare not ask the professors to dinner for fear lest..they should wear green ties with their dress clothes.
b.
(a) Expressing mixture or combination of material substances.
ΚΠ
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 199 Ȝeue him tiriaca maior wiþ a litil musco.
c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 13 Take gode Mylke of Almaundys, an drawe it wyth Wyne.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. iii. 829 Take peres right mature, And with hool salt hem trede.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 128 Potherbs..Which..bruis'd with Vervain, were his frugal Fare. View more context for this quotation
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Lime ⁋3 They work up the chalk rubbish into a sort of stiff paste with water.
1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 354/2 When hydrate of salicyle is heated with potash, an acid is formed.
(b) elliptical in slang use, in reference to liquor = mixed with sugar, having sugar added; usually in hot (warm) or cold with.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > types or qualities of intoxicating liquor > [adjective] > mixed with sugar
hot (warm) or cold with1836
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 84 Two glasses of rum-and-water ‘warm with—’.
1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross I. x. 202 Fatch me up a glass of cold sherry negus with.
1843 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross I. xv. 322 ‘Take a glass of brandy,’ said she... ‘'Ot with? or cold without?’
†27. In addition to, besides; with neg., except.
ΚΠ
c1305 St. Edward 8 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 106 He nadd neȝ him noþing For to ȝyue þis pore man wiþ a goldene ring.
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. v. x. 2252 Thre ȝhere and monethis twa, And ful ellewyn dayis withe þai.
1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 8703 A myghty kyng,..And wyth al thys, a famous knyht.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 167 With that thai war a gudly cumpany Off waillit men.
1530 Bible (Tyndale) Exod. xx. f. xxxiiiiv Ye shal not make therfore with me goddes of syluer nor goddes of golde.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 851 Very wise,..and with his wisedom..very valiant.
1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 11 All whiche make xxx persons with Chaucer.
28. After a noun, in a qualifying phrase indicating a characteristic or distinctive part or adjunct: Having, possessing; having in or upon it, containing, bearing (cf. A. 23).In this and sense A. 31 the phrase is sometimes equivalent to a descriptive adjective: e.g. with corners = ‘angular’; with four wheels = ‘four-wheeled’.
ΚΠ
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 701 Shep wit wolle, neth wit horn,..and gate wit berd.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. ii. 16 Hire robe..With ribanes of red golde.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxlv. 1044 Harde stalkes with corneres.
a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS 626 His Innes & his orchardus were with a dep dich.
c1400 Mandeville xxvi. [xxii.] (1919) I. 159 A charett with .iiij. wheles.
?a1475 (?a1425) in tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. App. 497 Schoone with longe pykes.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 113 My ladye with the mekle lippis.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 13 With a good legge..and money inough.., such a man would winne any woman in the world. View more context for this quotation
1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 28 Stone with Sandy veines.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 86. ¶2 A Man with a sour rivell'd Face.
1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 429/2 The consonants are conveniently classed into those with and those without voice.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Lett. 28 July (1887) 9 A paper-knife with a mother of pearl blade.
1892 Speaker 3 Sept. 289/2 The high road, with its shrieking steam-tram.
29. Indicating a quality or attribute of the action spoken of: forming phrases equivalent to adverbs, e.g. with one accord or consent = unanimously, with care = carefully, with ease = easily, with impunity = Latin impune, with severity = severely, etc. (Sometimes closely approaching the instrumental use 37, esp. in such phrases as with a curious eye, with all one's heart, etc.) Similarly after an adjective, in phrases expressing a particular kind or degree of the quality denoted by the adjective.
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1395 Enngless haffdenn heoffness ærd Forrlorenn all wiþþ rihhte.
13.. K. Horn (Harl.) 1353 He louede horn wiþ mihte & he him wiþ ryhte.
13.. Northern Passion (1913) I. 5/16 Þe Iewys..sayd he ferid all wyth foly.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1668 Aske it wið skil and ðu salt hauen.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1598 Fro bersabe he ferde wið sped.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 163 Alle wiȝth on hol hert.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4430 Now es ioseph in prisun strang Don..wijt wrang.
c1400 Rule St. Benet (prose) 45 Whit mekenes sal sho muster to þabbes hir sekenes.
1528 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 174 To get hys money with crafte and suttully.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. vi. 5 Thou shalt loue the Lorde thy God with all thy hart, with all thy soule, & with all thy mighte.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. i. 281 I lookt vpon her with a souldiers eie. View more context for this quotation
1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 45 in Justice Vindicated This unlimited power of doing anything with impunity.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd i. 319 Who first with curious eye Perus'd him. View more context for this quotation
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 208. ⁋8 He replied with a very angry Tone.
1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 170 A little stage..was erected..that the spectators might see with the better advantage.
1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. III. 351 He always travelled with hurry.
1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 562 They sidle to the goal with awkward pace.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxviii. 382 Polly, who, with a woman's tact, understood this at once.
1856 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 269 To-day I walked with effort one little mile.
1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 25 We use a great many words with a total disregard of logical precision.
30.
a. Indicating a feeling, purpose, or other mental state accompanying the action spoken of: e.g. with approval, awe, horror, indifference, pleasure, regret, (due) respect, etc.; with (a, the, etc.) determination, hope, intent(ion, view, etc.: see also the nouns.The phrase thus formed is often equivalent to an adverb, as in A. 29, from which this use is not always distinguishable.
ΚΠ
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) 128 God..bliscede it wid milde mood.
c1330 Spec. Gy de Warw. 93 To don penaunce Wid sorwe at þin herte rote.
c1350 Libeaus Desc. (Kaluza) 1029 Sir Giffroun..Was bore hom on his scheld Wiþ care and rufull roun.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Phil. ii. 12 Worche ȝe with drede and tremblinge ȝoure heelthe.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Heb. xii. 28 Grace, wherby we maye serve god..with reverence and godly feare.
1581 B. Rich Farewell Militarie Profession D ij b With this resolution he began to relate [etc.].
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ii. cv. 47 Shee approched neere to the altars, with purpose to sacrifice.
1714 in Jrnl. Friends' Hist. Soc. (1918) 28 We left New England with peace of mind.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xiv. 285 They still remember, with the utmost horror, the sacking of their cities.
1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 90 Vathek applied his ear, with the hope of catching the sound of some latent runnel.
1798 R. Southey Pious Painter i. i Still on his Madonnas the curious may gaze With applause and with pleasure.
1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in Lamia & Other Poems 33 If, as now it seems, your vision rests With any pleasure on me.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vii. 183 A land of exile, visited with reluctance and quitted with delight.
1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 482 It is wholly immaterial with what object the lie is told.
b. In expressions of devotion, affection, or gratitude accompanying what is said or written, esp. by way of greeting, as in a message or the conclusion of a letter.
ΚΠ
1454 T. Denys in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 85 Right wurshipfull and myn especiall good maister, I recomaund me to you with all seruice and prayer to my power.
1521 in Acts Parl. Scotl. (1875) XII. 40/1 Ȝoure humile oratouris and servandis with all lauchfull service.
1679 in Jrnl. Friends' Hist. Soc. (1912) IX. 191 G. F[ox] ordered me to signifie thus to thee with his deare Love.
1685 Pett in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1920) Jan. 114 Two Dorsetshire regiments..were dismissed..with thanks for their good service.
1744 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. i. 283 Laying the affr before my Ld Harrington with my best complimts desiring the favr of him just to sound the Count upon it.
1789 W. Cowper Let. 1 Dec. (1982) III. 321 With our joint affectionate remembrances to yourself and Mrs. Newton.
1793 W. Cowper Let. 24 Feb. (1984) IV. 298 With Mary's kind love.
1835 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 29 With kindest regards to every one of you.
1898 G. B. Shaw Mrs. Warren's Profession 11 Here: take George his hat and stick with my compliments.
31.
a. Indicating an attribute, quality, or condition of the person or thing spoken of: Having, possessing, characterized by. (Often scarcely distinguishable from 28 or 29.)
ΚΠ
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 18 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 95 The land lowne was and le with lyking & luf.
1587 R. Holinshed et al. Hist. Scotl. (new ed.) 246/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II The Englishmen (with the number of 1500, vnder the conduct..of Talbot).
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. i. 102 What meanes this passionate discourse? This peroration [printed preoration] with such circumstance. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. ii. 49 She had a tongue with a tang. View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 271 Bondage with ease. View more context for this quotation
1702 D. Defoe Shortest-way with Dissenters 28 Why shou'd the Papist with his Seven Sacraments be worse than the Quaker with no Sacraments at all?
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 438. ⁋4 A very learned Man with an erect Solemn Air.
1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 32/2 He was then in a cool sweat, with a low pulse.
1812 G. Crabbe Tales xi. 204 Retiring late, at early hour to rise, With shrunken features, and with bloodshot eyes.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 71 Fools, With such a vantage-ground for nobleness!
1883 Law Times 22 Sept. 356/1 A colony with a constitution like that of the Cape Colony.
1893 Atlanta Jan. 269 Many another man with less heart and less imagination.
b. With special implications:
(a) Still having; without loss of or detriment to; so as to keep or retain; consistently with.
ΚΠ
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 25 He vnnethis gatt away with his life.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 224 He could not long continue in the seruice of princes with the sauetie of his lyfe.
1600 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1872) (modernized text) 1st Ser. iv. 195 Another gentleman..was beaten down from his horse and hardly escaped with life.
1615 in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 163 The King's letter was, that he..could not with his greatness answer the proposition.
1654 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1872) (modernized text) 1st Ser. vi. 307 He said she could not pass the next winter with life, if she took not this remedy.
1865 J. Ruskin Sesame & Lilies i. 74 A nation..cannot with impunity,..cannot with existence..go on..concentrating its soul on Pence.
(b) Though having; notwithstanding, in spite of. (Usually followed by all qualifying the noun; cf. for prep. 22a, Phrases 1a(b).)
ΚΠ
a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 1105 Ȝet wiþ þan Ichauede þe leuer to me lemman,..Þan al þe gold þat Crist haþ maked.
1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes (1582) 409 All these things notwithstanding they are dishonest are sometimes tollerable.., so yt with these faults they would be diligent to dispatch men.
1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. R.i He hath suche straunge conceites.., that withall the peinctinge he hath he can not peinct them.
1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. l Ancient words..which, with all their rusticity, had somewhat of Venerable in them.
1779 Mirror No. 34. ⁋9 Umphraville, with all his dignity, his abilities, and his knowledge, felt himself uneasy and ridiculous.
1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 206 England, with all thy faults, I love thee still.
1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque Ded. But, with the best will, no man can be twenty-five for ever.
1908 R. Bagot Anthony Cuthbert vi. 50 With all her apparent roughness of disposition..she was by no means a heartless woman.
32.
a. Indicating an accompanying or attendant circumstance, or a result following from the action expressed by the verb.
ΚΠ
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1851 Þe werwolf..went to him euene, wiþ a rude roring.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 100 Thow may complain with sighis lamentable The death of Bernard Stewar.
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 621/2 To passe it ouer with sylence.
1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 459 I looked vpon him, and with teares told him, his censure was harder, then the Prince his.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. i. 10 Afterwards smooth it with a Blood red Heat.
1703 N. Rowe Fair Penitent i. i She, with Looks averse, and Eyes that froze me, Sadly reply'd.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §265 Our men went out with a declaration that they would not return till they had found the moorings.
1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. vii. 149 The frosty silence..with which it is received by the different auditors.
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. xvii. 166 I do not in the least doubt it, interrupted Fabricio with a horse-laugh.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 1 With as far-spreading and invincible an effect.
1912 Eng. Hist. Rev. Oct. 672 The value of a papal dispensation is considered, with the conclusion that it is valid in some cases but not in all.
b. (after find, take, etc.) In the actual commission of (a crime or misdemeanour). Obsolete or archaic.
ΚΠ
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 185 Y trowed in hur no falsehedd Tyll y fonde them wyth the dede.
1510 Reg. Privy Seal Scot. I. 314/2 Taken in redehand with any crime.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 752/1 I take with the maner, as a thefe is taken with thefte, or a person in the doyng of any other acte, je prens sur le faict.
1572 R. Harrison tr. L. Lavater Of Ghostes i. viii. 40 Albeit they were..almost taken tardy with the deede doing.
1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 240 His sonne being taken with the fact,..Zaleucus would neuer suffer the punishment to be..lessened.
33. Indicating something granted, received, or assumed: often with conditional implication, as in with your leave (or permission)= ‘if you will allow me’.
ΚΠ
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 971 Wyth leue laȝt of þe lorde he lent hem aȝaynes.
1436 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1907) IV. 199 in Parl. Papers 1906 (Cd. 3218) LXIV. 1 To caste this land oute of alle reputacion..yf so falle, as with oure Lord mercy it never shal falle.
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 70 Weþ þe lefe or conferming of þe kirk, swilk mariage is rate.
1539 Bible (Great) 2 Chron. xviii. 12 The wordes of the prophetes speake good to the kyng with one assent.
1539 Bible (Great) Ps. xviii. 29 Wt the helpe of my God I shall leape ouer the wall.
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. i. sig. H3v Madame, with your pardon, I kisse your vesture. View more context for this quotation
1648–9 in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1917) Oct. 570 Hee..had alsoe the Keyes of the Castle (but not with Thompson's good will).
1660 Act 12 Chas. II c. 19 Bee it Enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the Lords and Commons..That [etc.].
1779 Mirror No. 33. ⁋4 We were accordingly married with the universal approbation of my friends.
1794 J. H. Moore New Pract. Navigator (ed. 10) 87 With the course and distance find the difference of latitude and departure.
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xv. 133 Another gentleman comes and collars that glass of punch, without a ‘with your leave,’ or ‘by your leave’.
1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. I. i. 77 So the law of England remained..with the deliberate approval of both the great parties.
1879 E. Waterton Pietas Mariana 226 With these general data, I now proceed to examine some of the details.
34. Followed by a noun denoting some alteration or modification, or something imposed in the way of a demand or requirement: e.g. change, condition, exception, loss, proviso, qualification, etc. (Before condition now replaced by on.)
ΚΠ
1489 in Trevelyan Papers (Camden) 93 With the same condicions and provisoes.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xiv. 203 We be come to serue yow, with this condicion, that ye desire not to knowe oure names.
1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. (1629) 210 With exception of the crosse.
1629 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Eight Bks. Peloponnesian Warre i. 59 The Athenians..made peace, with condition to haue their Prisoners released.
1779 Mirror No. 7. ⁋2 With these qualifications, Sir, I am held in considerable estimation by the wits of both sexes.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 165 Such a body..is composed, with scarcely an exception, of sincere persons.
1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 413 With the exception of a dwelling-house.., the remainder of the area was covered with warehouses.
35.
a. Followed by a noun denoting misfortune or evil, in imprecations and intensive phrases: also with a wanion n., with a witness (see witness n. Phrases 6). Now chiefly in with a vengeance (in intensive sense: see vengeance n., adv., and adj. 4).
ΚΠ
a1300 K. Horn (Cambr.) 326 Went [= go] vt of my bur Wiþ muchel mesauentur.
c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Prol. 11 Is that a Cook of London, with meschance?
a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) 346 As thou, wyth shamfull deth!
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Addicion at Abi in malam rem Go hens with a mischefe.
a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) iii. 40 Lis...I will send it through you with a powder. Sim. Let come with a Pox.
1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant i. i. 7 I'll put you out of your Pater Nosters with a sorrow to you.
b. Introducing a refrain (often meaningless) in a poem or ballad.
ΚΠ
a1400 Coer de L. 2522 They rowede hard, and sungge ther too, With heuelow and rumbeloo.]
c1400 Pety Job 96 in 26 Pol. Poems 124 Nowe yeue me mercy, and say nat nay, Wyth Parce michi, domine.
?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. B.ijv Synge fryska Ioly with hey trolyloly For I se well it is but a foly For to haue a sad mynd.
a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) 289 Wyth Hey and wyth howe.
a1586 Peblis to Play in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS (1919) I. 177 With hay and how rolumbelow The ȝoung foltis wer full bald.
1633 J. Shirley Bird in Cage iv. i Under her coats the Ball will be found, With a fading.
1672 T. Jordan London Triumphant 13 To the tune of—With a Fadding.
a1706 Earl of Dorset in Earl of Rochester et al. Wks. (1718) 61 To all you Ladies now at Land..With a Fa, la, la, la, la.
1780 British Grenadiers With a tow, row, row, row, row.
a1800 W. Cowper To Celia in Poet. Wks. (1880) 45 No serenade to break her rest..With my fa, la, la.
36. In various preceding senses, followed by object and complement (phrases with preposition, participle, adjective, adverb, or infinitive with to).
ΚΠ
c1290 Beket 1169 in S. Eng. Leg. 140 With one haltre ope þe mere forth rod þis holi man.
c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's Tale 211 With fadres pitee stikynge thurgh his herte.
1443–50 in W. P. Baildon Sel. Cases Chancery (1896) 134 His purse with xxv.s. of money therin.
c1482 Paston Lett. III. 295 Fayne she wold be redde of it with hyr onowr savyd.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) viii. 48 Thai saw in battale cum Arayit The vaward with the baner displayit.
1527 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 13 The lesse leede with the hole in the bothom.
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) iii. xix. sig. R.vii The..prieste..that had..vsed to say Dominus with the seconde sillable long.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. i. 24 You crow Cock, with your combe on. View more context for this quotation
1630 E. Pagitt Christianogr. (1636) i. iii. 133 Standing..with their armes foulded.
1745 R. Pococke Descr. East II. ii. 231 There are six youths in each room, with a master over them.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World II. 29 He sat with rapture in his eye.
1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous vii*, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. IV. 207 The shield represented an owl with its wings spread.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Lady Clare in Poems (new ed.) II. 198 She went by dale, and she went by down, With a single rose in her hair.
1842 R. Browning Through the Metidja in Bells & Pomegranates No. III: Dramatic Lyrics i As I ride, as I ride, With a full heart for my guide.
1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) v. 38 An iron-grey autumnal day, with a shrewd east wind blowing.
1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. ii. xviii. 37 They..stood with their hats off.
1866 J. Ruskin Let. 10 May in Wks. (1905) XVIII. Introd. p. xxxix Joan has written another long letter to you with something about me in it.
1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 455 Life seemed not so cursed With this to think of.
III. Denoting instrumentality, causation, or agency.
37.
a.
(a) Indicating the means or instrument (material or immaterial) of any kind of action: By means of, by the use of.
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5524 Þe bodiȝ forr to pinenn. Wiþþ swinnc.
c1220 Bestiary 9 He..Draȝeð dust wið his stert.
c1220 Bestiary 627 He ne hauen no lið Ðat he muȝen risen wið.
a1250 Prov. Alfred 90 in Old Eng. Misc. 108 For to werie þat lond wiþ hunger and wiþ herivnge.
a1300 K. Horn (Cambr.) 459 Wiþ seluer & wiþ golde Hit wurþ him wel iȝolde.
a1300 K. Horn (Cambr.) 514 Þin armes he haþ & scheld To fiȝte wiþ vpon þe feld.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) 44 Al was ðat firme ðrosing in niȝt, Til he wit hise word made liȝt.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark xiv. 58 I schal vndo this temple maad with hondis.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14427 Þat he suld flexs take o þair kin, For to ranscun wit adam sin.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1438 He with keyes vncloses kystes ful mony.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1919) xxvii. 165 A lytille whippe in hire hondes for to chacen with hire hors.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1 Whan that Aueryll wt his shoures soote The droghte of March hath perced to the roote.
1413 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 22 The residue of my gode, y bequethe tho Amys my wyf, an my son, to kepe hem boþ wyt.
1479 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 18 vc or vj c baras canvase for to packe woll wyt.
a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. ccxlvii/2 Oonly asmoche as suffysed to bye with his brede cotydyan.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxvi. 123/1 He lost euer after ye syght with that eye.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xx. f. xxviij Are ye able..to be baptised with the bapti[sm] that y shalbe baptised with?
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark ix. f. lviijv Every sacryfyse shalbe seasoned with saltt.
1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I4v All slaine with darts.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 145 They build with vnburnt clay.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1620 The people with a shout Rifted the Air. View more context for this quotation
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. i. 9 The ships were disappointed of provisions for want of a cargo to truck with.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. iii. 25 We lightened the fatigues of the road with philosophical disputes.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 44 Some acts which in the citizen are punished with fine or imprisonment must in the soldier be punished with death.
1877 J. Ruskin St. Mark's Rest i. §18 There is nothing like a little work with the fingers for teaching the eyes.
1890 Law Times' Rep. 63 691/2 A publican runs a greater risk of being cheated with false money than other tradesmen.
†(b) Through the medium of (a person). rare.
ΚΠ
c1000 Ælfric Genesis xxxviii. 20 Iudas sende an ticcen wið hys Odolamitiscean hyrde.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1274 He wald send me word wit þe.
c1480 (a1400) St. Margaret 135 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 51 Tyne nocht my sawle with fellon men.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 231 He did arrest me with an Officer. View more context for this quotation
b. Formerly used in many cases where by (by prep. 30, 32) is now the usual or only construction; e.g. with object a person, or an action (esp. when expressed by a gerund or verbal noun in -ing).
ΚΠ
a1300 Cursor Mundi 882 Sco has me fild wit hir sin.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 129 He wald do nimen him anon, & wiþ strengþe him nim wolde.
c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's Tale 217 To dyen with a swerd or with a knyf.
c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi ii. xii. 57 It shal not lye in þy power to be esid ner delyuered wiþ no remedy ner no solace.
c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 112 Þou wer led in-to þis place witȝ þe handis of many men.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 521 Wes nocht all Troy with tresoune tane?
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxii. sig. h.iii And it to confyrme..With charters and dedes.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccciii. 183 b/1 The towne was taken with assaute, and robbed.
1539 Bible (Great) 1 Kings vi. 8 Men went vp with windyng steares into the myddle chambre.
1571 T. Digges in L. Digges's Geom. Pract.: Pantometria vi. sig. X j If by the second rule ye diuide 100 with 24, the quotient is 41/ 6.
1667 J. Dryden tr. D. Bouhours Life St. Francis Xavier vi. 667 Many sick persons..were cur'd with only seeing it.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 409 With all this the King was convinced.
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 43. ⁋10 Distant countries are united with canals.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 26 Will you oblige us with proceeding with what you were going to relate?
1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede I. i. xvi. 317 I don't believe there's anything you can't prevail on people to do with kindness.
c. Used where other prepositions are now usual, as at (a charge or cost), in (a receptacle or something figured as such), of (a material or constituent, after make), on or upon (food, etc.).
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11109 Ion..liued wit rotes and wit gress, Wit honi o þe wildernes.
c1450 Godstow Reg. 530 The forsaid Adam shold susteyn the said mese..with his owne costis.
1565 T. Harding Answere to Iuelles Chalenge 40 S. Augustine vttereth the same thinge almost with the same wordes.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Astrophel & Stella Sonn. xcix When farre spent night perswades each mortal eie..To laye his then marke wanting shaftes of sight, Clos'd with their quivers in Sleeps armorie.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost i. i. 289 You shall fast a weeke with Branne and Water. View more context for this quotation
1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales i. xv. 29 Germanicus..furnished the rest with his owne charges.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 83 They dine with dried pork.
1633 J. Clarke tr. Two-fold Praxis ii. 23 in Dux Grammaticus I lived..with sevenpence commons, weekely.
1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xl. 410 That she would wrap up all such matters with oblivion.
a1774 O. Goldsmith Surv. Exper. Philos. (1776) II. 239 Burning instruments of this kind are usually made with glass.
1785 R. Cumberland Nat. Son i. i When he shall see what frippery a woman is made up with.
1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iii. vi. 221 Diminutive imitations of muskets made with wood.
1840 J. Pereira Elements Materia Medica ii. 1269 A sinapism made with flour.
†d. In reference to procreation, with object either the male or the female parent: = by prep. 32c.
ΚΠ
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 20 Thow wast with childe with hym.
1593 in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1833) I. 56 The barne gottin be him with the said Margaret Steyne.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. ii. 146 Shee speakes, and 'tis such sence That my Sence breeds with it.
a1709 J. Lister Autobiogr. (1842) 51 I had but two children with my wife.
e. After begin or end and words of like sense, in various shades of meaning: indicating (a) that which constitutes the beginning or end, i.e. the initial or final part, element, stage, proceeding, etc. (after a personal subject and before a gerund now by, as in A. 37a(b) above); (b) a person or thing acted upon or treated first or last (coinciding with 9); (c) (after begin, originate, etc.) the agent or source from which something takes its rise (allied to 11).Phr. (with ellipsis of obj.) to begin with: to take what is mentioned or indicated as one's starting-point.
ΚΠ
1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 2414 For my behest with deth I schal conclude.
a1563 J. Bale King Johan (1969) ii. 1205 Fyrst, to begynne with we shall interdyte þe land.
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 494/2 First begynnyng with that godly man..the autor of the boke.
a1619 in S. Atkinson Gold Mynes Scot. (Bannatyne Club) 2 It is true that ‘say well and doe well ends both with one letter’.
1677 in C. E. Pike Essex Papers (1913) II. 110 The Commoners..take distaste that anything which relates to mony, should..begin with the Lords.
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 642 Drawing towards a Conclusion of this Treatise, I shall put a period thereto with some unvulgar Considerations of the Nature of Sounds and Melody.
1713 R. Steele in Guardian 30 May 1/2 He has ended his Discourse with a Prayer.
1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey II. 51 He finish'd the scene, with winning my esteem.
1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) i. 6 I must begin my lecture with you.
1843 Fraser's Mag. 28 657 The evening generally closed with music.
1861 T. L. Peacock Gryll Grange xxix. 252 I will be bound every one of this company could..find a quotation in point?—Miss Gryll, to begin with.
1879 J. Ruskin St. Mark's Rest iv. §56 We may close her national history with the seventeenth century.
1887 ‘L. Carroll’ Game of Logic i. §2. 22 ‘Middle’ begins with ‘m’.
1918 in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1919) July 442 Newcastle's response..did not stop with sending Warren for the defence of the Northern Colonies.
38. After words of furnishing, filling, covering, adorning, and the like. (Allied to II. ***, involving the notion of addition.)After full now replaced by of.
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 994 Bulltedd bræd..smeredd wel wiþþ ele sæw.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 384/256 For-to..crouni him with golde.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 852 God..fild þis werld al wit his grace.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1046 Wit gress and leues his he clad.
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 66 To presente hyre sone wiþ myrre, gold, ant encenz.
?a1366 Romaunt Rose 1076 It [sc. a robe] ful well With Orfrays leyd was euerydeell.
c1394 P. Pl. Crede 116 Cloþ to coveren wiþ our bones.
c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 130 Encombret whyth syn.
1445 tr. Claudian's De Consulatu Stilichonis in Anglia (1905) 28 277 Histirlonde he plantith with vyne.
1506 in Memorials Hen. VII (1858) 285 The third chamber..was hanged with a very rich arras.
?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. Aiv Ledder to kyuer theyr members with.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. LLLiii He hath endowed vs christians..with the spirit of adopcion.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iii. sig. Dd6v That doest ennoble with immortall name The warlike Worthies.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 131 Her wombe then rich with my young squire. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 154 Infused with a fortitude from heauen. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 284 Then was this Island..not honour'd with A humane shape. View more context for this quotation
1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 229 As full of spite and ill nature as a Spider with poyson.
1633 J. Clarke tr. Two-fold Praxis 63 in Dux Grammaticus It is very expedient for us scholars to be instructed with good manners.
1673 J. Milton On New Forcers of Conscience in Poems (new ed.) 69 To force our Consciences..And ride us with a classic Hierarchy.
1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 18 They found, The Room with Volumes litter'd round.
1734 G. Sale Preliminary Disc. i. 3 in tr. Koran A stony and barren valley, surrounded on all sides with mountains.
1813 Sporting Mag. 42 55 A loose stable, well littered down with fresh straw.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. iii. 38/1 Mind, which grows, not like a vegetable (by having its roots littered with etymological compost), but like a Spirit.
1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1866) 1st Ser. vi. 99 Christianity..permeates all evil with good.
1878 T. Hardy Return of Native III. vi. i. 269 Wreathing it [sc. a pole] from the top downwards with wild flowers.
1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 86 A..breeze..Tippling the waves with foam.
39.
a. Indicating the cause or reason: In consequence of, as a result of, by the action of; because of, by reason of, on account of; from, through, by.In some cases now replaced by of (e.g. after come v. 17); in others of and with are used with distinction of meaning (see e.g. die v.1 1b, 7c, weary adj. 1c, 2).
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1058 For-þi was he witt þat for lorn.
a1400 K. Alis. 930 Mony a baner..rotled with the wynde.
?a1400 Arthur 466 And deyde wyþ strokis þat þey hente.
1476 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 493 I ame some-whatt crased, what wyth the see and what wythe thys dyet heere.
1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 54 These did perish in their owne sinne, although they perished with his fault.
a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 202 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) The Lord Iames Audley..dyed with the fall of a horse.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 69 Hart sick with thought. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. vii. 102 I feele remorse in my selfe with his words. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. iii. 113 Went they not quickly, I should die with laughing. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 325 This comes with seeking you. View more context for this quotation
1671 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 23 She was so ill with wearing a paire of perfumed bodyes that she was forced to goe to bed.
1682 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. Sir Jonas Moore..died with a fall from his horse.
1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 833 Flush'd with drunk'ness. View more context for this quotation
1816 Ld. Byron Prisoner of Chillon 1 My hair is grey, but not with years.
1837 N. Hawthorne Great Carbuncle in Twice-told Tales The..branches..mossy with age.
1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat 4 Zymosis I had evidently been suffering with from boyhood.
1928 N.E.D. at With Mod. colloq. Harry Wood is in the Cottage Hospital with his knee.
b. After a transitive verb (usually in passive), or a past participle or participial adjective, indicating the immediate cause or ground of the action or state spoken of: often approaching or coinciding with A. 37 or A. 40b.After certain participles, as pleased, surprised, etc., varying with or now replaced by at. After trouble vb. sometimes approaching A. 9.
ΚΠ
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3690 Ðor wurð ghe ðanne wið lepre smiten.
1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 149 Þe pepil was i-plesed wiþ his faire speche.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4076 Þai soght him ai to greue wit wrang.
c1400 Rom. Rose 5628 Contente with his pouerte.
c1407 in Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (1632) iv. vii. 296 Worne wud Age.
c1440 Generydes 2221 With tho wordes the kyng liked full ill.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Prov. vi. C Lest thou be taken wt hir fayre lokes.
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 115 b Because I haue halfe weried the reader.., I will harten him agayne wyth a merye tale.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 137 Ertogrul now spent with age, shortly after died.
1652 J. Wadsworth tr. P. de Sandoval Civil Wars Spain 342 Hugging himself with that small victorie.
1655 Theophania 103 Alexandro acquainted him with the occasion of their coming thither, with which he was exceedingly surprised at first.
1711 J. Swift Ess. Faculties Mind in Misc. Prose & Verse 247 To suppose you would be very much obliged with any thing that was New.
1792 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) III. 494 I am rejoiced with the account he gives me.
1807 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. III. 363 I am..not surprised with the opiniativeness of Lord Grenville.
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. li. 243 His men and horses were now nearly spent with toil.
1891 A. Conan Doyle White Company xx A face which was distorted with rage.
c. After an intr. (rarely a trans.) vb. or an adjective, combining the sense ‘by reason of’ with 28 (‘having in or upon it’) or 38 (‘filled, covered, etc. with’). Also more vaguely, indicating a substance (esp. a liquid) which is the logical subject of the verb: e.g. it is pouring with rain = rain is pouring; (flowers) dripping with dew = having dew dripping from them.
ΚΠ
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 98 Hire chekes ben with teres wet.
c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 1397 The castel and cete rang With mynstralsi and nobil sang.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. iii. 8 A lond that flowith with milk and hony.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 185 Doun throu the ryce a ryuir ran wyth stremys.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. viii. 93 Hir figoure sa grisly gret aboundis, Wyth glowand ene birnand of flawmis blak.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 5 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 95 With alkyn herbes..The feldis flurist.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Manantia vlcera, sores runnyng with matter.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) i. iii. 45 Our Italy, Shines o're with ciuill Swords. View more context for this quotation
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 160 His Men heauie and laden with bootie.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 605 Now glow'd the Firmament With living Saphirs. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 Th' Alburnian Groves, with Holly green. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 113 The Garment, stiff with Ice, at Hearths is thaw'd. View more context for this quotation
1746 T. Smollett Reproof 28 Hallowed be the mouth That teems with moral zeal and dauntless truth!
1799 W. Wordsworth Fountain viii My eyes are dim with childish tears.
1816 S. T. Coleridge Kubla Khan in Christabel 56 Gardens bright with sinuous rills.
1849 W. M. Thackeray in Scribner's Mag. 1 551/1 Is it pouring with rain?
1899 T. S. Moore Vinedresser 6 Banks more soft with moss than any bed.
d. Following words of blame or the like (after charge originally figurative from 38); also after credit vb.: indicating the ground of the charge, etc.After accuse, suspect, now replaced by of.
ΚΠ
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 318 Þis preste..tolde hur cowncell, & vpbrayed hur þerwith.
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Clarence l. 7 To charge me with offence.
1579–80 T. North tr. Demetrius in Plutarch Lives (1595) 946 Hee..was most detected with this vice of lechery.
1591 Troublesome Raigne Iohn i. sig. B A Man, Whom he accuseth with adulterie.
1667 J. Dryden Indian Emperour iii. ii. 31 None shall tax me with base perjury.
1671 H. Stubbe Reply Def. Royal Soc. 75 The World will condemn you with Blasphemy for that comparison.
1715 D. Defoe Fam. Instruct. (1841) II. i. i. 10 The blot with which I reproach myself.
1814 J. West Alicia de Lacy IV. 298 There seems no just cause for accusing the King with the premature fate of this nobleman.
1877 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. iii. 27 To credit him with a desire to reform the Church.
40. After a passive verb or participle, indicating the principal agent: = by prep. 33.
a. (a person or animal). Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΚΠ
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2489 He was wit þe prestes shriue.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 15908 Sare he dred þat syden fell wid þaim he suld be slaine.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1229 Your honour..is hendely praysed With lordeȝ, wyth ladyes, with alle þat lyf bere.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 19 Þis same sowdan..was slayne with his awen seruands.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 35 The first quhete yat euer was sawin with man.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xviii. 128 And be the Armys led wes he With twa men.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) i. 52 They all were eten wyth bores and of lions.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 56 So awful rumour..Wes neuir hard with no man in this erd.
1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 40v There was a Towne in Spayne vndermined with Connyes, in Thessalia, with Mowles, with Frogges in Fraunce.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) v. ii. 63 He was torne to pieces with a Beare. View more context for this quotation
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iii. 86 It was miserably sacked, and burned with Turkes.
1672 J. Dryden Conquest Granada i. iii. i. 28 As I were stung with some Tarantula.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 165 If the Ass, you design to breed on, be suckled with a Mare.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 250 He rode thro' London, accompanied with the most popular men of his Court.
1727 P. Longueville Hermit 18 This Island is inhabited..with Monkeys and my self.
1735 J. Hughes tr. Fontenelle Dial. (ed. 3) i. viii. 32 I went attended with a numerous train.
1928 N.E.D. at With Mod. dial. You never hear of horses being bit with snakes.
†b. (a thing, material or immaterial). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 295 Awaked wiþ crienge of gandres.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 5866 In to eland war þai kest with' a flowyng flode.
c1480 (a1400) St. Matthias 65 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 224 With wawis castine to þe land.
?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxxi. sig. K j Intercepted with the perpendicular lyne.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 94 Hyrcania..is limited on the North with the Caspian Sea.
1729 W. Law Serious Call xix. 354 Her other entrails were much hurt, by being crush'd together with her stays.
1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 2 Overflowed with rivers or land-floods.
B. adv.
†1.
a. With it (me, them, etc.); in collocation, company, or association; together; occasionally, at the same time, simultaneously. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > [adverb] > together
withc888
to-samec893
amongeOE
togethersc1175
yferea1200
i-menec1200
togetherc1220
ymonec1300
i-samec1320
insamea1400
alongst with1582
jointly1656
concomitantly1696
collaterally1800
associatively1880
in tandem1930
in harness1967
the world > time > relative time > simultaneity or contemporaneousness > [adverb]
on (or in) one sitheeOE
togethersc1175
togetherc1200
at once?c1225
at one shiftc1325
jointly1362
at one strokec1374
with that ilkec1390
at one shipea1400
withc1440
at a timec1485
at (in) one (an) instant1509
all at a shove1555
pari passu1567
in (also at, with) one breath1590
in that ilkec1590
with the same1603
in one1616
concurrently1648
concurringly1650
contemporarily1669
simultaneously1675
synchronistically1684
coevallya1711
in (also with) the same breath1721
synchronically1749
at a slap1753
synchronously1793
contemporaneously1794
coinstantaneously1807
coetaneouslya1817
consentaneously1817
at one or a sweep1834
coincidentally1837
at the very nonce1855
one time1873
coincidently1875
in parallel1969
real time1993
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. §3 Hit nis nauht gecynde..þæt ænig wiðerweard þing bion gemenged wið oðrum wiðer~weardum, oððe ænige geferrædenne wið habban.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 54 Meng þonne hwitcwudu wiþ.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 711 Ley nettelys vndir with.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. vi. 10 Al doubil seed, as benes,..And other puls, a xl dayes floure, And greteth with [L. simulque grandescunt].
c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. lxiv. 150 Defende and kepe þe soule of þy..seruant..and, þy grace goyng wiþ [L. comitante gratia], dyrecte hym by þe wey of pes.
†b. with also phr. Obsolete rare. nonce-substitute for withal adv. and prep. (= ‘also’).
ΚΠ
1586 G. Whetstone Eng. Myrror i. xv. 95 Frauncis the second..beeing both very young, and with also married to the Queene of Scots.
†2. with and with: (a) immediately, forthwith (= by and by adv. 3); (obsolete) (b) from time to time, again and again, every now and then (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > immediacy > [adverb]
soonc825
ratheeOE
rathelyeOE
rekeneOE
rekenlyOE
thereright971
anonOE
forth ona1000
coflyc1000
ferlyc1000
radlyOE
swiftlyc1000
unyoreOE
yareOE
at the forme (also first) wordOE
nowOE
shortlya1050
rightOE
here-rightlOE
right anonlOE
anonc1175
forthrightc1175
forthwithalc1175
skeetc1175
swithc1175
with and withc1175
anon-rightc1225
anon-rights?c1225
belivec1225
lightly?c1225
quickly?c1225
tidelyc1225
fastlyc1275
hastilyc1275
i-radlichec1275
as soon asc1290
aright1297
bedenea1300
in little wevea1300
withoute(n dwella1300
alrightc1300
as fast (as)c1300
at firstc1300
in placec1300
in the placec1300
mididonec1300
outrightc1300
prestc1300
streck13..
titec1300
without delayc1300
that stounds1303
rada1325
readya1325
apacec1325
albedenec1330
as (also also) titec1330
as blivec1330
as line rightc1330
as straight as linec1330
in anec1330
in presentc1330
newlyc1330
suddenlyc1330
titelyc1330
yernec1330
as soon1340
prestly1340
streckly1340
swithly?1370
evenlya1375
redelya1375
redlya1375
rifelya1375
yeplya1375
at one blastc1380
fresha1382
ripelyc1384
presentc1385
presently1385
without arrestc1385
readilyc1390
in the twinkling of a looka1393
derflya1400
forwhya1400
skeetlya1400
straighta1400
swifta1400
maintenantc1400
out of handc1400
wightc1400
at a startc1405
immediately1420
incontinent1425
there and then1428
onenec1429
forwithc1430
downright?a1439
agatec1440
at a tricec1440
right forth1440
withouten wonec1440
whipc1460
forthwith1461
undelayed1470
incessantly1472
at a momentc1475
right nowc1475
synec1475
incontinently1484
promptly1490
in the nonce?a1500
uncontinent1506
on (upon, in) the instant1509
in short1513
at a clap1519
by and by1526
straightway1526
at a twitch1528
at the first chop1528
maintenantly1528
on a tricea1529
with a tricec1530
at once1531
belively1532
straightwaysa1533
short days1533
undelayedly1534
fro hand1535
indelayedly1535
straight forth1536
betimesc1540
livelyc1540
upononc1540
suddenly1544
at one (or a) dash?1550
at (the) first dash?1550
instantly1552
forth of hand1564
upon the nines1568
on the nail1569
at (also in, with) a thoughtc1572
indilately1572
summarily1578
at one (a) chop1581
amain1587
straightwise1588
extempore1593
presto1598
upon the place1600
directly1604
instant1604
just now1606
with a siserary1607
promiscuously1609
at (in) one (an) instant1611
on (also upon) the momenta1616
at (formerly also on or upon) sight1617
hand to fist1634
fastisha1650
nextly1657
to rights1663
straightaway1663
slap1672
at first bolt1676
point-blank1679
in point1680
offhand1686
instanter1688
sonica1688
flush1701
like a thought1720
in a crack1725
momentary1725
bumbye1727
clacka1734
plumba1734
right away1734
momentarily1739
momentaneously1753
in a snap1768
right off1771
straight an end1778
abruptedly1784
in a whistle1784
slap-bang1785
bang?1795
right off the reel1798
in a whiff1800
in a flash1801
like a shot1809
momently1812
in a brace or couple of shakes1816
in a gird1825
(all) in a rush1829
in (also at, on) short (also quick) order1830
straightly1830
toot sweetc1830
in two twos1838
rectly1843
quick-stick1844
short metre1848
right1849
at the drop of a (occasionally the) hat1854
off the hooks1860
quicksticks1860
straight off1873
bang off1886
away1887
in quick sticks (also in a quick stick)1890
ek dum1895
tout de suite1895
bung1899
one time1899
prompt1910
yesterday1911
in two ups1934
presto changeo1946
now-now1966
presto change1987
the world > time > frequency > infrequency > [adverb] > sometimes or occasionally
whiloma900
whilea1000
stoundmealc1000
stundumOE
otherwhileOE
umquhile1154
with and withc1175
by stoundsa1225
otherwhilesc1225
umbestound?c1225
umbewhilec1230
then and thenc1275
sometime…sometime1297
umstounda1300
by while13..
over while13..
sometime1340
umbe throwea1350
at timesa1382
now and again (also anon, eft, now)a1393
umbwhile1393
eftsoona1398
sometimea1400
by sithesc1400
umbestoundsc1400
from time to (formerly unto) time1423
now and (also or) then1445
ever now and nowa1470
when and whenc1470
occasionallya1475
in timesa1500
whiles?a1500
whilomsa1500
sometimes1526
somewhiles1528
at whiles1540
ever now and then1542
a-whiles1546
somewhiles…, somewhiles1547
at sometimes1548
now and thenc1550
ever and anon1558
by occasions1562
on (also upon) occasion1562
as soon…as soon1581
every now and then (also again)1642
by a time1721
once and a while1765
ever and again1788
periodically1825
in spots1851
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5628 Icc wile wiþþ. & wiþþ Þa seoffne sellþess shæwenn.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 15061 Adwine..seide auere wið and wið Ich wulle makien un-frið.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10352 We sendeð wið and wið and ȝeornen Arðures grið.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. xi. 175 Delue hit ofte, and..Ay with and with lycour on hit to trete.
†3. With that, or with which; therewith, wherewith: = withal adv. 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [adverb] > by which means or by means of which
wheremidc1160
wherebyc1200
wherethorough?c1225
wherewithc1230
wherewith1297
witha1300
wherethrough13..
whereof1340
withal1389
how1390
wherewithal1578
wherewithal1618
a1300 Cursor Mundi 936 God mad þam kyrtels þan of hide, And cled þar flexs wit for to hide.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 8597 Her modris..had no cradles ne wiþ to by.
1566 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 48 The said earl..had a couple of partridges, and to drink with of his lordships cost.
†C. conj.
a. To the time that, until. (Only Old English.)
b. During or at the time that; while; when. (Cf. sense A. 16.) Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. x. 11 Ðer wunas wið ge ðona geonga.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1685 With þir thinges were done.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 455 It wes nocht eyth till ta The toune, with [1489 Adv. quhill; ed. 1570 while] sic defens wes maid.

Compounds

with-worker n. [after German mitwerker] a fellow-worker, co-worker.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > [noun] > fellow-worker
fellowOE
labour-fellow1526
work fellow1526
yokefellow1526
fellow worker1534
yokemate1567
co-brother1590
workmate1763
butty1791
side-partner1845
deskmate1850
co-labourer1859
bobber1860
with-worker1884
society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun] > colleague or fellow-worker
fellowOE
consort1419
confrerec1425
companionc1523
labour-fellow1526
yokefellow1526
colleaguea1533
associate1533
adjunct1554
yokemate1567
colleagen1579
co-agenta1600
co-operatora1600
collateralc1600
co-workman1619
co-workera1643
partner1660
co-operatrix1674
co-agitator1683
co-adjoint1689
adjoint1738
side-partner1845
co-operatress1865
maugh1868
with-worker1884
1884 R. F. Burton tr. L. de Camoens Lyricks i. 4 I have been aided by a host of ‘with-workers’.

Draft additions September 2018

South African and U.S. (chiefly regional). With me (also us, them, etc.); together with, along with. [U.S. regional use probably derives from German, Dutch, and Scandinavian languages, and is prevalent in areas of the Upper Midwest with significant communities of Nordic and northern European settlers. In South African use probably after similar use of Afrikaans saam together with, along, in e.g. kom saam (imperative) come along with me (us, etc.).]
ΚΠ
1908 German Amer. Ann. Jan. 51 ‘I forget whether he was with or not.’.. In Pa. Ger. as in Ger., mit is sometimes used without an object.
1909 George & Knysna Herald (S. Afr.) 22 Dec. 4/3 Never mind, come with.
1919 M. C. Bruce Golden Vessel 14 ‘I threw him with a stone’ is preposterous and a direct translation from the Dutch, and ‘He asked me to come with’ is another.
1931 H. Jacobson Milwaukee Dial. (B.A. thesis, Univ. of Wisconsin) 19 ‘I want to [go] with’ for I want to go along. With in this sense comes from mitgehen.
1962 A. Delius tr. D. J. Opperman in Afkrikaans Poems with Eng. Transl. 269 Three outas from the bleak Karoo saw the star,..took knobsticks and three bundles with and set forth along a jackal path.
1977 M. Helprin Refiner's Fire iv. vii. 116 Why don't you ‘come with’, to Rica Vista tea.
1988 H. Adams & H. Suttner William St. 49 Ruby takes her doppie brandy, all her brothers come with and they all drunk..too.
1998 M. Saraceni et al. Denial, Anger, Acceptance (HBO TV shooting script) 25 in Sopranos 1st Ser. (O.E.D. Archive) We're on our way to the gym. Come with. You can be my guest.
2017 www.iol.co.za (S. Afr.) 28 Dec. (online newspaper, accessed 30 Dec. 2017) (Business Rep.) Take another person with when going to deposit club cash contributions.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

> see also

also refers to : with-prefix
also refers to : withewithn.
<
n.1708prep.adv.conj.c888
see also
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