单词 | aft |
释义 | aftn. colloquial. = afternoon n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > afternoon > [noun] evenOE overnoonOE midovernoona1325 afternoonc1330 mid-afternoona1400 undern1470 after-dinner1576 postmeridian1583 evening1587 post meridiem1647 none1656 noon1667 postnoon1686 aft1772 p.m.1776 after1906 pip emma1912 arvo1933 pee em1933 afty1966 1772 J. Woodforde Diary 1 Mar. (1924) I. 116 His seeing Nancy Wason ride by our house this aft. 1884 I. M. Rittenhouse Jrnl. 15 May in Maud (1939) ix. 308 He had me down there Monday aft. all day Tuesday and all day Wednesday. 1916 A. Pollitzer Let. 2 Oct. in G. O'Keeffe & A. Pollitzer Lovingly, Georgia (1990) 203 Yest aft I had a sublime automobile ride—scuting all aft. thru country. 1944 M. Elevitch Let. 17 Feb. in Dog Tags Yapping (2003) 41 We savagely G.I.d our hut this aft—prob'ly the last time we'll have this pleasure at Benning. 2002 L. Lansens Rush Home Road xxiii. 534 Sorry, Rochelle. He didn't go down for his nap this aft. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). aftadv.adj.α. Old English æftan, Old English æften. β. early Middle English 1500s–1600s afte, 1600s– aft. A. adv. a. Behind, in the rear; from behind. Obsolete. ΚΠ eOE Battle of Brunanburh (Parker) 63 Letan him behindan..earn æftan hwit æses brucan. OE Wulfstan Sermo ad Anglos (Nero) (1957) 269 Huru unrihtlice mæst ælc oþerne æftan heaweþ mid sceandlican onscytan. b. Later, afterwards. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later sitheneOE aftereOE sithOE eftOE latterOE aftOE sithencea1170 sithrec1175 thereup?c1225 baftc1275 furtherc1290 eftsoon1297 therewithala1300 afterwardc1300 afterwardsc1300 soc1300 therewithc1369 eftersoonsa1400 suingly?a1425 at after1425 followingly?c1425 afterhand1438 syne1489 by posteriority1523 in sequel1524 still1526 later1527 subsequently1537 senthis?1553 lately1565 subsequent1568 behindc1600 sequelarly1600 posterior1628 in prosecutiona1641 subsequentiallya1683 artera1746 posteriorly1799 ulteriorly1818 later on1829 OE Arundel Psalter: Canticles xv. 25 In hac trinitate nichil prius aut posterius, nichil maius aut minus : on þisse þrinnesse nan þinc ær oððe æften nan þinc mare oþþe læsse. ΚΠ ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 139 (MED) Hit nis bot trewþ iwend an afte Forte sette Nego in eni crafte. 3. Originally Nautical. a. In or near the rear part or stern of a ship or (also more recently) the rear of an aircraft, spacecraft, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > rear part of vessel > [adverb] aftc1580 astern1675 baft1687 a-poop1809 c1580 M. Baker Fragments of Anc. Shipwrightry in Mariner's Mirror (1997) 83 328/2 From the fyrst rysing afte to the tuke. a1621 W. Strachey True Reportory Wracke Sir T. Gates in S. Purchas Pilgrimes (1625) IV. ix. vi. 1747 Shee was fortie foot by the Keele..her Rake aft from the top of her Post..was three foot. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. ii. 19 The Chase goes away room, her Sheets are both aft. 1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 54 In working up a round Buttock of a Ship, the lower Edge of the Planks will have a sudden Sny aft. 1794 Rigging & Sea. I. 164 Chain-boat, a large boat fitted with a davit over its stem, and two windlasses, one forward, and the other aft, in the inside. 1831 E. J. Trelawny Adventures Younger Son I. xxiv. 178 This dow had a large mast forward, and gigger-mast aft. 1882 Cent. Mag. July 352/2 The quarter-masters..had their quarters aft. 1948 T. Keggen Mister Roberts v. 76 In a state of high excitement he hurried down to the machine shop just aft of the engine room. 1997 P. P. Wegener What makes Airplanes Fly? (ed. 2) ix. 156 In the simplest terms, stable flight exists if the center of pressure is located aft of the center of gravity. 2007 D. Niles & M. Dobson MacArthur's War (2008) vii. 141 Several bombs splashed to the sides—misses—but two more plunged through the flight deck aft. b. Towards the stern or into the rear part of a ship or (also more recently) the rear of an aircraft, spacecraft, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > rear part of vessel > [adverb] > towards the stern aftwardc1514 afterwarda1618 aftwards1627 aft1669 sternward1832 sternways1872 society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [adverb] > towards rear of aircraft aft1948 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. 17 Hawl aft the Sheets, get aft on the Quarter Deck, the fore Braces. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Aft or Abaft, a word us'd by Seamen to signify any Action, Motion, or Application from the Stemwards of the Ship toward the Stern; as Go aft. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ii. 316 We..began to get the guns aft. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine (1780) Rails..are likewise nailed upon several planks along the side; one in particular is called the sheer-rail, which..runs aft to the stern, and forward to the cat-head. 1832 R. Lander & J. Lander Jrnl. Exped. Niger III. xvi. 254 Call them aft, and let them stand by the arms. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. ix. 119 He said to us as we came on deck,—‘Walk aft, young gentlemen.’ 1859 W. James Nav. Hist. Great Brit. IV. 73 Seized and carried aft, as the ringleader of the mutiny. 1909 Chatterbox 138/1 Feet rushed aft along the deck. 1948 ‘N. Shute’ No Highway ix. 242 We climbed up into the fuselage and went aft through the luggage bay. 1990 Lifeboat Summer 271/3 The crewman was taken aft. 1997 M. Asselin Introd. Aircraft Performance vi. 143 Another way to eliminate in-flight problems is to keep the lower jets facing aft until touchdown. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [adverb] erea900 beforeeOE forec1000 toforec1175 therebeforec1200 toforehand1258 forne toc1275 orc1275 andersitha1300 alreadyc1300 rather?1316 beforehandc1330 erstc1330 aforec1350 theretoforea1375 aforehanda1387 forthwitha1400 forwitha1400 or?a1400 ereward14.. toforetimec1400 aforetimes1429 aforetime1433 afore seasons1463 heretoforetime1481 forouth1487 aforrow?a1513 beforrow1568 paravant1590 antecedently1593 formerly1596 precedently1611 preveniently1633 preallably1652 previously1655 precedaneously1657 somewhiles1657 antecedaneously1661 aft1674 prior1675 anteriorly1681 antecedent1690 previous1712 priorly1742 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 38 There being nothing but everlasting God..there can be no such thing as Time, or fore, or aft, at all. 1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses xxiv. 299 Next him spake Alitherses, who alone Saw Fore and Aft. B. adj. Of, relating to, or situated in the rear part of a ship, aircraft, spacecraft, etc. Also: (of a wind) coming from the rear. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > position at the back > [adjective] afterOE afterwardOE hinderc1290 hinderera1340 hinda1400 backc1490 reara1500 posterior1578 rearward1581 backwarda1616 hindsome1634 postica1638 averse1646 postern1648 postical1657 reverse1675 aft1711 retrospective1785 hindward1797 retral1822 western1829 postjacent1878 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > rear part of vessel > [adjective] efta1522 aftermost1658 steermost1667 aft1711 sternmost1838 1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 78 The aft side of every Timber be mark'd down forward. 1784 J. H. Moore Pract. Navigator (ed. 8) 229 When the Wind is aft, square the Head-sails. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 83 A trysail mast, fixed near the aft-side of the main-mast in a block of wood in the quarter deck. 1821 P. B. Shelley Boat on Serchio 74 Stow the eatables in the aft locker. 1823 Mirror of Lit. 18 Jan. 178/2 There is a curious windlass on the aft-deck, which shews, from its contrivance, that the builders had not much idea of getting rid of friction. 1854 J. W. Griffiths Treat. Marine & Naval Archit. (ed. 4) v. 169/2 The aft-end of the batten should be carried out fair. 1896 A. J. C. Hare Story of my Life I. i. iv. 106 With an aft breeze and foresails all set we made two hundred miles per day. 1915 ‘Bartimeus’ Tall Ship i. 9 He..was precipitated through his cabin door across the aft-deck. 1948 ‘N. Shute’ No Highway i. 27 The aft windows of the cabin. 1961 Engineering 20 Jan. 123/1 The aft-engine concept pioneered..in the Caravelle..has..been adopted by Boeing for its short to medium range 727. 1986 D. Carey Dreadnought v.69 ‘Aft scanner’, Captain Kirk ordered. 2005 Daily Tel. 17 Jan. 21/5 I went aloft to sit on the aft-hatch and sample a breath of fresh air. Phrases fore and aft: see as main entry. Compounds aft-cabin n. = aftercabin n. at after- prefix 3. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > room, locker, or quarters > [noun] > cabin > for captain or superior officers coach1660 state room1660 state cabin1736 aftercabin1787 aft-cabin1806 cuddy1917 1806 G. Pinckard Notes W. Indies I. xx. 230 They reposed, during the night, upon the bare planks below—the males on the main-deck—the females upon the deck of the aft cabin. 1816 Gentleman's Mag. 86 i. 102 The aft-cabin was only wanting to make the boat complete. 1907 Fore 'n' Aft July 9/2 The aft cabin is finished in red mahogany. 1990 Yachting Feb. 5/1 Four more inches of headroom, a redesigned full width berth and larger hanging locker make the aft-cabin a true master stateroom. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1772adv.adj.eOE |
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