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单词 unlouk
释义

unloukv.

Forms: see un- prefix2 and louk v.1; also Old English onlece (Northumbrian, 2nd singular past indicative), Middle English ounlekes (past tense, probably transmission error), Middle English vlouken (past participle, transmission error), Middle English vnkek (past tense, transmission error), Middle English vnlyke (past tense, perhaps transmission error).
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Dutch antlūkan to unlock, to cause to open (Middle Dutch ontlūken , ontluiken , Dutch †ontluiken , also ‘to reveal, disclose’), Old Saxon andlūkan to cause to open, to reveal, disclose (Middle Low German entlūken to unlock, to cause to open), Old High German antlūhhan , inlūhhan , intlūhhan to unlock, to cause to open, (reflexive) to open (Middle High German entlūchen to unlock, to cause to open, (reflexive) entlouchen to open) < the Germanic base of un- prefix2 (compare and- prefix) + the Germanic base of louk v.1 Compare unlock v.The Old English (Northumbrian) past tense form onlece (see quot. OE1 at sense 2a) shows extension of the vowel of the 1st and 3rd singular to other persons and numbers (see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §740). The Middle English form ounlekes (see quot. c13802 at sense 1a) is written with a flourish (perhaps an abbreviation mark) in the manuscript, and could alternatively be read as ounleke or ounlek (compare quot. c13801 and Forms 2a at louk v.1).
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. To undo or unfasten (a gate, door, window, etc.); to unlock. Also figurative and in figurative contexts. Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > a door, gate, etc. > unlock, unbolt, etc.
undoc950
unloukOE
unsparc1175
unsteekc1250
unpinc1300
unshutc1315
loosec1400
unbarc1400
unlockc1400
open?a1425
unbolt1598
unlatchc1625
unpadlock1769
unsneck1785
undub1807
unslot1827
unsnib1905
snick1927
OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) x. 195 Þæs gimen beo þæt he preosta gatu..alyfedum tidum luce and unluce, þæt man næbbe infær ne utfær butan leafe.
lOE Homily: Gospel of Nicodemus (Vesp. D.xiv) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 78 Annas and Caiphas and ealla heora lyðre geferen,..comen to þan cwarterne & þa locan unsegeloden, & mid þan cæigen þa locan unlucan.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 127 Þet is þet [loc] þeðe deofel ne con unlucan.
a1300 Vision St. Paul (Jesus Oxf.) 9 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 147 Hwo haueþ helle dure vnloke Þat þu ert of pyne ibroke.
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 3152 Hii vn-lek þe ȝate at þe frome.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (Ashm.) f. 17 Þe keyes sche tok of him anon & ounlek þe dore an haste.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1264 Florippe hure drow to anoþer part & þar an dore ounlekes [probably read ounlek] þat drow to þe putte ward & doun in the pyt sche strekes [probably read strek].
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xviii. l. 313 Efte þe liȝte bad vnlouke & Lucifer answered, ‘What lorde artow?’
a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 4510 When alle þe ȝates of þe castelle weron vnloke.
c1450 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Durh.) (1961) vi. l. 70 Of her wombe, the cloyster virgynall, Was euere liche, bothe firste and laste, Closed and shette as castell principall..In hir childyng no more thorugh grace broke At hir conceyvyng than it was vnloke.
a1500 (c1400) St. Erkenwald (1977) l. 67 (MED) Þe maire..Bede vnlouke þe lidde and lay hit byside; Þai wolde loke on þat lome quat lengyd wytinne.
b. transitive. In extended use. To open or cause to open; to cause to separate or part. Also in figurative contexts. Cf. unlock v. 4a.In quot. 1340 at sense 3: to split (something) apart; cf. sense 3.
ΚΠ
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 425 So that his lippes ben unloke And his corage is al tobroke.
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. x. 143 (MED) Lewede eremytes..loken ful louheliche to lacchen mennes almesse, In hope to sitten at euen by the hote coles, Vnlouke hus legges abrod oþer lygge at hus ese.
?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 24 Oure fflescly eyn byn al vnlokyn, Nakyd for synne ouresylf we se.
2. figurative.
a. transitive. To expound, explain, interpret; to declare; (also) to reveal, disclose. Cf. unlock v. 1d.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > expound, explain [verb (transitive)]
arecchec885
unloukOE
overrunOE
sutelec1000
trahtnec1000
unfolda1050
belayc1175
openc1175
onopena1200
accountc1300
undo?a1366
remenea1382
interpret1382
unwrap1387
exploitc1390
enlumine1393
declarec1400
expoundc1400
unplait?c1400
enperc1420
planea1425
clearc1440
exponec1440
to lay outc1440
to give (also carry) lightc1449
unwind1482
expose1483
reducea1500
manifest1530
explicate1531
explaina1535
unlock?1536
dilucidate1538
elucidate1538
illustrate1538
rechec1540
explicate1543
illucidate1545
enucleate1548
unsnarl1555
commonstrate1563
to lay forth1577
straighten1577
unbroid1577
untwist1577
decipherc1586
illuminate1586
enlighten1587
resolvec1592
cipher1594
eliquidate1596
to take (a person) with one1599
rivelc1600
ravel1604
unbowel1606
unmist1611
extricate1614
unbolta1616
untanglea1616
enode1623
unperplexa1631
perspicuate1634
explata1637
unravel1637
esclarea1639
clarify1642
unweave1642
detenebrate1646
dismystery1652
undecipher1654
unfork1654
unparadox1654
reflect1655
enodate1656
unmysterya1661
liquidatea1670
recognize1676
to clear upa1691
to throw sidelight on1726
to throw (also cast, shed) light on (also upon)1731
eclaircise1754
irradiate1864
unbraid1880
predigest1905
to get (something) straight1920
disambiguate1960
demystify1963
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > interpretation > interpret [verb (transitive)]
unloukOE
areadOE
spele?c1225
inredec1315
expounda1340
construe1399
interpretate1517
explain1538
scan1562
disentraverse1610
unspherea1616
explicate1628
spell1635
disenvelop1741
extract1775
interpret1795
clarify1823
read1847
to read between the lines1866
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > interpretation of dreams > interpret [verb (transitive)]
unloukOE
areadOE
undo?a1366
expound1375
cast1382
rechec1540
read1587
redec1640
OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 46 Deus qui per os beati apostoli tui iohannis uerbi tui nobis archana reserasti : god se ðe ðerh eadges apostol' ðines ioh' uordes ðines us gidegla eft ðu onlece.
OE Exodus 530 He us ma onlyhð, nu us boceras beteran secgað lengran lyft wynna [read lifwynna].
c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 54 Nou ich wolle ondo þys eft By þe wey of mystyke;..Nou lestlich schel ich on-louke þys.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. l. 654 (MED) That swevene hath Daniel unloke.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 69 Ac whi Ich habbe hem þus vnleke Ȝee shullen me after her speke.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xvi. 204 If I here it spokyn..Youre branys bese brokyn; Therfor be ye bayn. Nothyng bese vnlokyn; It shal be so playn.
?1548 W. Kethe Tye thy Mare Tom Boye sig. Aviiv This mare now open I must nedes declare her Her name to vnloken.
b. transitive. To bring into action or operation; to release, set free.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > find no difficulty in [verb (transitive)] > make easy or easier > facilitate the progress of
unloukOE
to open a gate for1548
OE Genesis A (1931) 2753 Him engla helm getigðode, tuddorsped onleac folccyninge freora and þeowra, wera and wifa.
a1425 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Cambr. Ff.5.35) (1873) C. ii. l. 198 Vnlowketh [c1400 Huntington HM 137 Þat is þe lok of loue þat vnloseþ grace].
a1450 ( in J. Kail 26 Polit. Poems (1904) 53 (MED) Let wysdom be vnloken, Apert and preuyly to rowne.
a1500 (c1400) St. Erkenwald (1977) l. 162 (MED) Hit is meruaile to men..Quen Hym luste to vnlouke þe leste of His myȝtes.
c. transitive. To extract, draw out.
ΚΠ
c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) l. 77 [Who] con þat muchel of luitel vnlouken,..Alle poyntes he fynde may Of vre beleeue.
d. transitive. To dissolve, destroy; to put an end to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)]
to bring to noughteOE
forspillc893
fordilghec900
to bring to naughtOE
astryea1200
stroyc1200
forferec1275
misdoa1325
destroyc1330
naught1340
dingc1380
beshenda1400
devoida1400
unshapea1400
to wend downa1400
brittenc1400
unloukc1400
perishc1426
defeat1435
unmake1439
lithc1450
spend1481
kill1530
to shend ofc1540
quade1565
to make away1566
discreate1570
wrake1570
wracka1586
unwork1587
gaster1609
defease1621
unbe1624
uncreate1633
destructa1638
naufragate1648
stifle1725
stramash1788
disannul1794
destructify1841
locust1868
to knock out1944
dick1972
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xviii. l. 255 But ihesus rise to lyue,..And conforte al his kynne..And al þe iuwen ioye vnioignen & vnlouken.
c1475 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Cambr.) (1935) i. 490 (MED) I sey that a vowe in no wyse is broken That for the better is leefullie vnloken.
3. intransitive. To open, divide; to split apart.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > become open [verb (intransitive)]
openOE
undo1122
unlouk1340
unfoldc1350
unshut1390
unclosea1398
opena1400
waltc1400
unstopc1440
twirl?1523
disclosec1586
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 67 Vor þise zenne onleak [Fr. se ouvri] þe erþe and uorzualȝ datan and abyron, and villen doun al kuic in-to helle.
c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 121 Ine flom iordanes syche He was ycrystned, þe heuene onleake.
c1450 (a1400) Libeaus Desconus (Calig. A.ii) (1969) l. 1816 Þat deys be-gan to schake,..Þe rof aboue vn-lek.., As hyt wolde asonder.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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v.OE
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