单词 | tunc |
释义 | tunctunkn. Welsh History. A kind of customary rent or payment (analogous to the ‘chief-rents’ or ‘quit-rents’ of English Real Property Law), issuing out of certain lands in North Wales, and still until recently payable in respect of Crown Lands. Commonly explained as the money-commutation paid in lieu of the gwestva (in Latin cena), an entertainment due or tribute-in-kind rendered to the lord of the cymwd or prince, in respect of the free maenols of the cymwds (see commot n.). Hence translated by Seebohm as ‘food-rent’. As to the derivation, the conjecture has been offered that an oath was originally required of inability to render the gwestva in kind, before the tunc-pound was accepted instead. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > rent (land or real property) > [noun] > other rents tunc1311 Martin rentc1325 land-male1390 fee-farm1399 chief-rent1523 chief1601 guild-rent1670 quit-rent1796 tack-duty1809 fore-rent1813 sub-rent1820 retainer1970 1311 Inquisition Post Mortem (P.R.O.: C 134/22/1) m. 23 Predictus Comes..habuit lx.s. tam de liberis quam de natiuis pro quadam custuma que vocatur Tung'. 1334 in Vinogradoff Survey of Denbigh (1914) 7 Quelibet istarum xj. gavellarum reddit de Tung' per annum xij d. et pro pastu familie Principis per annum ij. s. v. d. q. 1658 in W. M. Myddelton Chirk Castle Accts. (1908) 73 Tuncke rent for the same lands for yeare ended at Michelmas 1657. 1793 Jrnl. House of Commons 28 Mar. 48 558/2 The Sheriffs of the County of Flint..are charged with an Annual Rent called The Tuncke Rent, payable in small Sums, or Rents, for diver Tenures..in the said County. 1793 Jrnl. House of Commons 28 Mar. 48 560/1 The Nature and Original of the Tunck Rent, called also Porthan Keys, cannot now be traced or explained. 1895 F. Seebohm Tribal Syst. Wales (1904) vi. §4. 154 In the Extents the food-rents of the free tribesmen were found to be commuted into definite money payments made under the name of tunc. 1914 M. Neilson in Vinogradoff Survey of Denbigh Introd. 59 The tunk-pound in the Venedotian code is due from the maenol. 1914 M. Neilson in Vinogradoff Survey of Denbigh Introd. 59 In the Denbigh Survey the tunk is a definite money charge on all Welsh customary tenants, free and nativi. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.1311 |
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