top-workv.

Brit.

/ˈtɒpwəːk/, U.S.

/ˈtɑpˌwərk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: top n.¹, work v.

Etymology: < top n.¹ + work v.

Horticulture.

transitive. To insert scions or buds into the branches or stem of (a stock plant), esp. to change the variety of fruit produced by a tree or vine; to insert scions or buds of (a desirable variety) in this way. Cf. top-graft vb. at top n.¹ and adj. Compounds 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > cultivate fruit [verb (transitive)] > graft

top-graft1897

1853 Prairie Farmer Feb. 66/2 He thinks some root-grafts will eventually prove quite as productive as the same varieties top worked; and that some seedling stocks will produce unproductive trees.

1910 W. Paddock & O. B. Whipple Fruit-Growing in Arid Regions ix. 150 It seldom pays to top-work any crab.

2016 Leader Messenger (Adelaide) (Nexis) 20 July (Home section) 20 Old fruit trees and grapevines can be top-worked with productive cultivars.

Derivatives

ˈtop-worked adj. that has been grafted into the branches or stem of a stock plant; that has received such grafts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > [adjective] > grafted

top-worked1870

1870 Tel. & Herald (Dixon, Illinois) 27 Jan. 4/4 Mr. Edwards spoke against the top-worked Rhode Island Greening.

1913 Minnesota Horticulturist Mar. 80 The top-worked grafts..showed no bad effects from last winter, and the fruit buds are promising for next spring.

1974 Country Life 28 Nov. 1660/1 Topworked trees, that is those which are grafted at the top of a standard stem and trunk.

2001 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 23 June 56 Look for the point where your tree or shrub was budded or grafted which can be seen as lumps and irregularities either just above soil level or in top worked specimens, at the top of the main stem or trunk.

ˈtop-working n. the action or practice of inserting scions or buds into the branches or stems of a stock plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > [noun] > grafting

top-grafting1912

1876 Winona (Minnesota) Daily Republican 19 Jan. Mr. Jordan..commenced top-working on crabs seven years ago.

1897 L. H. Bailey Princ. Fruit-growing v. 235 Some persons have proposed to sow seeds in the very spot where the trees are to stand, and thereby to raise stocks for top-working without transplanting them.

1946 Nature 28 Dec. 941/2 There is a particularly good chapter on top-working and frame-working, but that on pruning might have been improved.

2003 Horticulture Mar. 34 Bark grafting, described here, is one commonly used method of topworking.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022).

单词	top-work
释义	top-workv. Brit. /ˈtɒpwəːk/, U.S. /ˈtɑpˌwərk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: top n.¹, work v. Etymology: < top n.¹ + work v. Horticulture. transitive. To insert scions or buds into the branches or stem of (a stock plant), esp. to change the variety of fruit produced by a tree or vine; to insert scions or buds of (a desirable variety) in this way. Cf. top-graft vb. at top n.¹ and adj. Compounds 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > cultivate fruit [verb (transitive)] > graft top-graft1897 1853 Prairie Farmer Feb. 66/2 He thinks some root-grafts will eventually prove quite as productive as the same varieties top worked; and that some seedling stocks will produce unproductive trees. 1910 W. Paddock & O. B. Whipple Fruit-Growing in Arid Regions ix. 150 It seldom pays to top-work any crab. 2016 Leader Messenger (Adelaide) (Nexis) 20 July (Home section) 20 Old fruit trees and grapevines can be top-worked with productive cultivars. Derivatives ˈtop-worked adj. that has been grafted into the branches or stem of a stock plant; that has received such grafts. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > [adjective] > grafted top-worked1870 1870 Tel. & Herald (Dixon, Illinois) 27 Jan. 4/4 Mr. Edwards spoke against the top-worked Rhode Island Greening. 1913 Minnesota Horticulturist Mar. 80 The top-worked grafts..showed no bad effects from last winter, and the fruit buds are promising for next spring. 1974 Country Life 28 Nov. 1660/1 Topworked trees, that is those which are grafted at the top of a standard stem and trunk. 2001 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 23 June 56 Look for the point where your tree or shrub was budded or grafted which can be seen as lumps and irregularities either just above soil level or in top worked specimens, at the top of the main stem or trunk. ˈtop-working n. the action or practice of inserting scions or buds into the branches or stems of a stock plant. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > [noun] > grafting top-grafting1912 1876 Winona (Minnesota) Daily Republican 19 Jan. Mr. Jordan..commenced top-working on crabs seven years ago. 1897 L. H. Bailey Princ. Fruit-growing v. 235 Some persons have proposed to sow seeds in the very spot where the trees are to stand, and thereby to raise stocks for top-working without transplanting them. 1946 Nature 28 Dec. 941/2 There is a particularly good chapter on top-working and frame-working, but that on pruning might have been improved. 2003 Horticulture Mar. 34 Bark grafting, described here, is one commonly used method of topworking. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022). < v.1853
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