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单词 tongue
释义

tonguen.

Brit. /tʌŋ/, U.S. /təŋ/
Forms: Old English–1500s tunge, (Middle English tunke, tonke), Middle English–1500s, 1600s Scottish tonge, (Middle English tungge, tongge), Middle English–1700s tounge, Middle English Scottish towng, townge, Middle English–1500s tung (also 1700s Scottish), Scottish twng, Middle English–1600s toung, tong, (Middle English tounghe), Middle English–1600s toong, (1500s toongue, 1500s–1600s toungue), Middle English– tongue.
Etymology: Old English and Middle English tunge weak feminine = Old Frisian tunge , Old Saxon tunga (Middle Low German, Low German tunge , Middle Dutch tonghe , Dutch tong ), Old High German zunga , zunka (Middle High German, German zunge ), Old Norse tunga (Danish, Norwegian tunge , Swedish tunga ), Gothic tuggô < Old Germanic *tungôn- , held to be cognate with Latin lingua tongue, for older *dingua (as lacrima < dacrima : see tear n.1). The natural modern English representation of Old English tunge would be tung, as in lung, rung, sung (and as the word is actually pronounced); but the Middle English device of writing on for un brought in the alternative tonge with variants tounge, townge; apparently the effort to show that the pronunciation was not /tundʒ(ə/ led to the later tounghe, toungue, tongue, although it is true that these hardly appeared before final e was becoming mute, so that its simple omission would have been equally effective. The spelling tongue is thus neither etymological nor phonetic, and is only in a very small degree historical.
I. The bodily member.
1.
a. An organ, possessed by man and by most vertebrates, occupying the floor of the mouth, and attached at its base to the hyoid bone; often protrusible and freely movable. In its development in man and the higher mammals, it is tapering, blunt-tipped, muscular, soft and fleshy, important in taking in and swallowing food, also as the principal organ of taste, and in man of articulate speech.In some mammals, as the ant-eaters, it is attenuated, long, and worm-like; in most birds it is pointed, hard, and horny; in fishes, hard and immovable; in snakes and many lizards, cylindrical, slender, and forked, and an important tactile organ; in some amphibia, it is fixed at the front and free at the hinder end, and (as also in chameleons) used in licking up their prey.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > [noun] > tongue
tonguec897
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xliii. 309 Ðætte he gewæte his ytemestan finger on wættre, & mid ðæm gecele mine tungan.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 272 Do hwon on þine tungan.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 181 Teð hine grindeð, tunge hine swoleȝeð.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 206/206 For Anguische þe eorþe heo freten, and hore tongene gnowen al-so.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 372 And atter on is tunge cliuen.
c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 29 Crist touchide his tonge..and þe bonde of his tonge was opened for to speke.
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 110 He schal make his tounge cleue faste to þe roof of his mouþ.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) v. xxiii Soune..is yschape with þe wraaste of þe tunge and þanne wise men clepeþ it a voice.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16767 + 15 He tast it with tonge, Bot þer-of toke he noght.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 284/1 Tunge to speke with, langue.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. iii. 214 I had rather ha this tongue out from my mouth.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 116 A Snake..Erect, and brandishing his forky Tongue . View more context for this quotation
1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 29 The tongue in the Mammalia is always fleshy, and attached to the hyoid bone, which bone is suspended by ligaments to the cranium.
1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 586 The Tongue, a symmetrical organ,..situated in the interior of the mouth, extending from the hyoid bone and epiglottis to behind the incisive teeth.
b. In reference to invertebrate animals, applied to various organs or parts of the mouth having some of the functions of the tongue of vertebrates, or some analogy to it.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > equivalent of the mouth > proboscis or tongue
proboscis1698
tongue1753
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Tongue of a Mussel,..an organ by means of which it spins a sort of threads..to fix itself to the rocks by.
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. 358 Lingua (the Tongue). The organ situated within the Labium or emerging from it, by which insects in many cases collect their food and pass it down to the Pharynx.
1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life Introd. 87 ‘Odontophorous’ Mollusca..possessing the peculiar dentigerous rasping organ known as the tongue.
c. Erroneously regarded as the ‘stinging organ’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > [noun] > parts of > forked tongue
tanga1350
sting1530
tongue1581
fork1608
1581 J. Hamilton in Catholik Tracitaties Epist. f. 7 Venemous serpentis to stang thame vith the fyrie edge of thair tungis.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 90 Villaines, That dare as well answer a man indeed, As I dare take a serpent by the tongue . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. i. 184.
2. A figure or representation of this organ.
a. A symbolic figure or appearance as of a tongue, as those that appeared on the day of Pentecost.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > symbol (general) > Christian symbols or images > [noun] > tongue
tonguec1175
c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 314 And wæs æteowed bufon heora ælcum swylce fyrene tungan.]
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 89 Biforan heore elche swilc hit were furene tungen.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds ii. 3 And tungis dyuersly partid as fyer apperiden to hem.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts ii. 3 And there apered vnto them cloven tonges, as they had bene fyre..: and they..began to speake with other tonges.
a1740 I. Watts Remnants of Time xi[i] On that day when the tongues of fire sat on his twelve apostles.
1792 T. Haweis Carmina Christo xv. 24 Though on our heads no tongues of fire Their wondrous powers impart.
b. A delineated or artificial figure of a tongue.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation > of living thing > of human figure > of part of
handOE
headOE
heart1446
face1488
tongue1488
mask1790
1488–92 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 81 A grete serpent toung set with gold, perle and precious stanes.
1536 Reg. Riches Cathedral of Sarum in E. Ledwich Antiquitates Sarisburienses (1771) 199 Having..two white Leopards and two dragons facing them as going to engage, their tounges are done in curiousest wyse.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 849/1 Then entered a person called Report, apparelled in crimsin sattin full of toongs, sitting on a flieng horsse..called Pegasus.
1886 Edinb. Rev. July 151 The classical ‘egg and tongue’ and ‘tongue and dart’ patterns are branches from the same stem.
3. The tongue of an animal as an article of food; esp. an ox-tongue n. or neat's tongue n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > tongue
tonguea1475
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 26 Take þo ox tonge and schalle hit wele.
1598 tr. G. de Rosselli Epulario C iv To seeth Tongues.
1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler viii. 165 The tongues of Carps are noted to be choice and costly meat. View more context for this quotation
1740 W. Somervile Hobbinol iii, in Poems (1749) 158 Black Hams, and Tongues that speechless can persuade To ply the brisk Carouse.
1869 ‘L. Carroll’ Phantasmagoria 112 Dispense the tongue and chicken.
II. In reference to speech.
4.
a. Considered as the principal organ of speech; hence, the faculty of speech; the power of articulation or vocal expression or description; voice, speech; words, language. Also figurative.In many contexts it is impossible to separate the sense of the organ from that of its work or use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > speech organs > types of speech organ > [noun] > tongue
tonguec890
clap?c1225
clacka1592
red rag1605
clicket1611
clappera1627
filma1656
velvet1699
Manchester1819
c890 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xxv. [xxiv.] 348 Seo tunge, þe swa monig halwende word in þæs scyppendes lof gesette.
c1000 Ælfric Exodus iv. 10 Þa cwæþ Moises..ic hæfde þe lætran tungan.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4879 Þuss spacc þe laferrd iesu crist Þurrh hiss prophetess tunge.
a1250 Prov. Ælfred 282 in Old Eng. Misc. 118 Wymmon is word-woþ & haueþ tunge [v.r. tunke] to swift.
c1290 Beket 645 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 125 No tounge telle ne may.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8404 Þou salamon mi sone be ȝong, He es wijs and of redi toung.
1414 26 Pol. Poems xiii. 100 He wolde trouþes tonge were tyȝed.
1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 6 A hie point for them to beat there heds and whet there tungs about.
1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Brennus xxxiv What tong can tell thy mothers griefe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. i. 16 This our life..Findes tongues in trees, bookes in the running brookes. View more context for this quotation
1888 F. Hume Madame Midas i. Prol. 15 As you have not even a tongue to contradict.
b. In many colloquial and proverbial expressions of obvious meaning.
ΚΠ
c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. 46 Tong breketh bon, thegh hym-self ne hawe none.
c1480 (a1400) St. Katherine 257 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 449 Na man of ws had tuth na towng to conclud hir, þocht scho be ȝounge.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope xxii The felauship of the man whiche hath two tongues is nought.
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Iiiv Hir tong ronth on patens.
1555 J. Heywood Two Hundred Epigrammes with Thyrde sig. D.iiii Thy toonge runth before thy wyt.
1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse i. sig. Bv Pithagoras..had this golden posie euer on his tongues end.
1677 W. Hughes Man of Sin iii. iii. 77 For a Tongue to pierce an Inch-Board, commend me to Tursellinus.
1820 W. Scott Abbot I. iv. 92 I would..give him a lick with the rough side of my tongue.
1859 C. Reade Love me Little x Wasn't your tongue a little too long for your teeth just now?
1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood ii. 8 Have you lost your tongue, Jack?
1890 Major-Gen. A. F. Bond in Rogerson Hist. Rec. 53rd (Shropshire) Regt. 206 Having..given them a taste of his rough tongue.
1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia at Length To give one the length of your tongue, to slang.
1899 W. Raymond Two Men o' Mendip xv. 248 Vather'll..call ee everything he can lay his tongue to.
1911 H. H. Harper Bob Hardwick 88 I was so angry at her that I..made no answer... Presently she said, ‘Has the cat got your tongue?’
1940 ‘J. Falstaff’ Jacoby's Corners vi. 69 The cat has got his tongue.
1981 I. St. James Balfour Conspiracy vi. 229 Shaughnessy shook his head. ‘Cat got your tongue?’
c. to hold one's tongue, to refrain from speech, keep silence, say nothing. †to keep one's tongue, (a) to keep one's word; (b) to hold one's tongue.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > be silent/refrain from speaking [verb (intransitive)]
to hold one's tonguec897
to keep one's tonguec897
to be (hold oneself) stilla1000
to say littleOE
to hold one's mouthc1175
to shut (also close) one's mouthc1175
to keep (one's) silence?c1225
to hold (also have, keep) one's peacea1275
stillc1330
peacec1395
mum1440
to say neither buff nor baff1481
to keep (also play) mum1532
to charm the tonguec1540
to have (also set, keep) a hatch before the door1546
hush1548
to play (at) mumbudgeta1564
not to say buff to a wolf's shadow1590
to keep a still tongue in one's head1729
to sing small1738
to sew up1785
let that fly stick in (or to) the wall1814
to say (also know) neither buff nor stye1824
to choke back1844
mumchance1854
to keep one's trap shut1899
to choke up1907
to belt up1949
to keep (or stay) shtum1958
shtum1958
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > faithfulness or trustworthiness > be faithful or trustworthy [verb (intransitive)] > to a promise
to keep one's tongue1390
to hold touch (also the touches)c1400
to keep touch1541
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxviii. 276 Se mon se ðe ne mæg his tungan gehealdan sie gelicost openre byrig.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 146 Hold þi tonge, mercy! It is but a trufle þat þow tellest.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 143 Ther schal a worthi king beginne To kepe his tunge and to be trewe.
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 83 Þe toder..flate with hym agayn & bad hym hold his tong.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Matt. xxvi. 63 Iesus helde his tonge.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. i. 207 I will charme him first to keepe his tongue. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. iii. 119 Why doe we hold our tongues ? View more context for this quotation
1672 Mede's Wks. p. xvii It was a frequent Proverbial speech of our Author's, He that cannot hold his tongue can hold nothing; and he practis'd accordingly.
1749 Lady Luxborough Let. 29 Nov. in Lett. to W. Shenstone (1775) 141 Shocked to hear in rough English ‘Hold your tongue’.
1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger VI. i. vii. 122 Hold your impertinent tongue, sir.
1884 G. M. Craik G. Helstone 26 Here is your father who knows it is, though he thinks it best to hold his tongue.
d. to put, or speak with, one's tongue in one's cheek, to speak insincerely. Also in to stick (or thrust) one's tongue in one's cheek, as a gesture of sly or †contemptuous humour; hence with (one's) tongue in (one's) cheek, with sly irony or humorous insincerity. Cf. tongue-in-cheek adj. and adv.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > think or behave contemptuously [verb (intransitive)] > express contempt by gesture > humorously
to stick (or thrust) one's tongue in one's cheek1748
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > insincerity > grieve insincerely [verb (intransitive)] > make insincere gesture
to stick (or thrust) one's tongue in one's cheek1748
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > insincerity > [adverb]
askancesc1450
hollowlya1547
from the teeth forward(s) or outward(s)1561
teeth outward(s)1561
unsincerelya1575
hollow1607
insincerely1625
fictly1677
with (one's) tongue in (one's) cheek1842
phonily1936
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adverb]
dryly1430
ironiously1532
ironically1535
satirically1590
Lucianically1592
sarcastically1647
sarcasmically1658
sarcasmatically1716
sardonically1842
caustically1850
to put, or speak with, one's tongue in one's cheek1928
sarkily1967
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. liv. 196 I signified my contempt of him, by thrusting my tongue in my cheek.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 193 The fellow who gave this all-hail thrust his tongue in his cheek to some scape-graces like himself.
1842 R. H. Barham Black Mousquetaire in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 22 He..Cried ‘Superbe!—Magnifique!’ (With his tongue in his cheek).
1849 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 450/2 Hows'ever, I just sticks my tongue in my cheek,..watches my chance, an' off by a track-boat..to New Orleens.
1869 M. Arnold Culture & Anarchy Pref. 56 If statesmen, either with their tongue in their cheek or through a generous impulsiveness, tell them [etc.].
1869 M. Arnold Culture & Anarchy 123 He unquestionably..knows that he is talking clap-trap, and, so to say, puts his tongue in his cheek.
1877 R. H. Roberts Harry Holbrooke of Holbrooke Hall i. 15 [He] sticks his tongue in his cheek, and whispers to his neighbor.
1898 E. W. Hamilton Gladstone 10 There was no speaking ‘with his tongue in the cheek’. He spoke straight from the heart.
1928 Observer 19 Feb. 5/1 I must confess my utter inability to grasp what Mr. B. Nicholson is after, though I am loath to believe that he painted his apparently flippant still life arrangements with his tongue in his cheek.
1951 Sport 30 Mar. 9/3 Walsall fans will tell you, with tongue in cheek, that the Fellows Park club is always on the alert where transfer of players is concerned.
e. with (one's) tongue hanging out and variants, with great thirst or (figurative) eager expectation. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > [adverb]
thirstily1549
adry1578
thirstingly1619
with (one's) tongue hanging out1897
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > strong or eager desire > [adverb]
greedilyc1000
lickerouslyc1315
eagerlyc1380
daintively1393
affectuallyc1425
affectionately1534
avidiously?1548
affectuously1552
anxiously1563
lickerishlya1661
agasp1800
avidly1856
with (one's) tongue hanging out1897
1897 R. Kipling in Pearson's Mag. Dec. 610/1 They've been waiting for this youth with their tongues hanging out.
1928 P. G. Wodehouse Money for Nothing x. 222 I should hurry. His tongue was hanging out when I left him.
1967 E. Lemarchand Death of Old Girl xii. 141 My tongue was hanging out, so I thought I'd..see if there was any sherry going.
1974 L. Lamb Man in Mist ii. 16 I don't have to run round to them with my tongue hanging out the moment I am promised something.
5.
a. The action of speaking; speech, talking, utterance, voice; also, what is spoken or uttered; words, talk, discourse.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > [noun]
speechc725
spellc888
tonguec897
spellingc1000
wordOE
mathelingOE
redec1275
sermonc1275
leeda1300
gale13..
speakc1300
speaking1303
ledenc1320
talea1325
parliamentc1325
winda1330
sermoningc1330
saying1340
melinga1375
talkingc1386
wordc1390
prolationa1393
carpinga1400
eloquencec1400
utteringc1400
language?c1450
reporturec1475
parleyc1490
locutionc1500
talk1539
discourse1545
report1548
tonguec1550
deliverance1553
oration1555
delivery1577
parling1582
parle1584
conveying1586
passage1598
perlocution1599
wording1604
bursta1616
ventilation1615
loquency1623
voicinga1626
verbocination1653
loquence1677
pronunciation1686
loquel1694
jawinga1731
talkee-talkee?1740
vocification1743
talkation1781
voicing1822
utterancy1827
voicing1831
the spoken word1832
outness1851
verbalization1851
voice1855
outgiving1865
stringing1886
praxis1950
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care i. 27 Ac sio tunge bið gescended on ðæm lareowdome ðonne hio oðer lærð, oðer hio geleornode.
c1020 Rule St. Benet (Logeman) 4 Se ðe na deþ facn on his tungan.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 63 Wite ich wel mi tunge. ich mai wel halden þe wei toward heouene.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. i. 86 Hose is trewe of his tonge..is a-counted to þe gospel.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 294 He was wondyr fayr, Nocht large of tong.
1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria sig. B.i He is full of tongue [L. linguax].
1604 S. Harrison Arch's of Triumph Ep. Ded. sig. B Their lastningnes [sic] should liue but in the tongues and memories of men.
1668 J. Dryden Sr Martin Mar-all iii. 33 Sometimes you've tongue enough, what are you silent?
1835 J. Montgomery Poet's Portfolio 235 The choral harmonies of heaven Earth's Babel-tongues o'erpower.
b. Speech as distinguished from or contrasted with thought, action, or fact; mere words.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > empty, idle talk > [noun]
windc1290
trotevalea1300
follyc1300
jangle1340
jangleryc1374
tongue1382
fablec1384
clapa1420
babbling?c1430
clackc1440
pratinga1470
waste?a1475
clattera1500
trattle1513
babble?a1525
tattlea1529
tittle-tattlea1529
chatc1530
babblery1532
bibble-babble1532
slaverings1535
trittle-trattle1563
prate?1574
babblement1595
pribble-prabble1595
pribble1603
morologya1614
pibble-pabblea1616
sounda1616
spitter-spatter1619
argology1623
vaniloquence1623
vaniloquy1623
drivelling1637
jabberment1645
blateration1656
onology1670
whittie-whattiea1687
stultiloquence1721
claver1722
blether1786
havera1796
jaunder1796
havering1808
slaver1825
yatter1827
bugaboo1833
flapdoodle1834
bavardage1835
maunder1835
tattlement1837
slabber1840
gup1848
faddle1850
chatter1851
cock1851
drivel1852
maundering1853
drooling1854
windbaggery1859
blither1866
javer1869
mush1876
slobber1886
guff1888
squit1893
drool1900
macaroni1924
jive1928
natter1943
shtick1948
old talk1956
yack1958
yackety-yack1958
ole talk1964
Haigspeak1981
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 John iii. 18 Loue we not in word, nether in tunge, but in werk and treuthe.
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 54 Þe tung a lone is not to be axid, but the lif.
c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) iii. 23 Bot offir thame ȝour daly observance Be tung, thot naþir hairt nor mynd consentis.
1853 T. T. Lynch Lect. Self-improvem. iv. 102 If religion begins with your tongue, it is very likely only to end there; but if religion is in your heart, it must needs come to your tongue sometimes.
1866 Carlyle in Morning Star 4 Apr. 5/4 It seems to me the finest nations of the world—the English and the American—are going all away into wind and tongue.
†c. Spoken as distinct from written or other communication; by tongue, by word of mouth. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > [noun]
speechc725
spellc888
tonguec897
spellingc1000
wordOE
mathelingOE
redec1275
sermonc1275
leeda1300
gale13..
speakc1300
speaking1303
ledenc1320
talea1325
parliamentc1325
winda1330
sermoningc1330
saying1340
melinga1375
talkingc1386
wordc1390
prolationa1393
carpinga1400
eloquencec1400
utteringc1400
language?c1450
reporturec1475
parleyc1490
locutionc1500
talk1539
discourse1545
report1548
tonguec1550
deliverance1553
oration1555
delivery1577
parling1582
parle1584
conveying1586
passage1598
perlocution1599
wording1604
bursta1616
ventilation1615
loquency1623
voicinga1626
verbocination1653
loquence1677
pronunciation1686
loquel1694
jawinga1731
talkee-talkee?1740
vocification1743
talkation1781
voicing1822
utterancy1827
voicing1831
the spoken word1832
outness1851
verbalization1851
voice1855
outgiving1865
stringing1886
praxis1950
the mind > language > speech > [adverb]
mouthlya1425
by word of mouthc1456
by tonguec1550
expressedlya1555
verbo1561
verbally1571
viva voce1581
ore tenusa1601
verbatima1616
orally1666
speakably1845
on the blob1851
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xi. 74 The messengeir gat nay ansuer be tong fra ald tarquine.
1553 Janet Bethune in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1833) I. 41 (note) I haif committit sum part of my mynd be toung to my broder.
†d. A ‘voice’, vote, suffrage. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > [noun] > a vote
voicea1325
votec1478
suffragea1535
election1543
verdict1580
tonguea1616
proxy1660
preferendum1970
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) ii. iii. 208 Haue you, ere now deny'd the asker: And now againe, of him that did not aske,..Bestow your su'd-for Tongues ? View more context for this quotation
†e. Eulogy, fame. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > fame after death > [noun]
tongue1621
1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret v. i. sig. K4v And because She was born noble, let that title find her A priuate graue, but neither tonge nor honor.
6. Manner of speaking or talking, with regard to the sense or import of what is said, the mode of expression or form of words used, or the sound of the voice.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [noun]
speechc1000
saying1340
accenta1398
tonguec1460
diction1563
address1581
elocution1604
tone1687
c1460 How Gd. Wif thaught hir Doughter 19 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. I. 181 Be of a good berynge and of a good tonge.
1595 Enq. Tripe-wife (1881) 147 Keepe a good tung in your head, least it hurt your teeth.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. vi. 27 Who are you? tell me for more certainty, Albeit Ile sweare that I doe know your tongue . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. i. 112 With soft lowe tongue, and lowly curtesie. View more context for this quotation
1664 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) II. 204 She gros very malisas in hur toung to us all.
1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 86 Ye..ha' na learn'd the beggars tongue.
1828 Rep. Trial W. & J. Dyon at Castle of York 10 I knew him by his tongue.
7. Of a dog.
a. In phrases: to move (its) tongue, to bark (archaic); to give tongue, to throw (its) tongue, of a hound: to give forth its voice when on the scent or in sight of the quarry; also transferred of persons.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak [verb (intransitive)]
matheleOE
speakc888
spellc888
yedc888
i-quethec900
reirdOE
meldOE
meleOE
quidOE
i-meleOE
wordOE
to open one's mouth (also lips)OE
mootOE
spellc1175
carpa1240
spilec1275
bespeakc1314
adda1382
mella1400
moutha1400
utter?a1400
lalec1400
nurnc1400
parlec1400
talkc1400
to say forthc1405
rekea1450
to say on1487
nevena1500
quinch1511
quetch1530
queckc1540
walk1550
cant1567
twang1602
articulate1615
tella1616
betalk1622
sermocinate1623
to give tongue1737
jaw1748
to break stillness1768
outspeaka1788
to give mouth1854
larum1877
to make noises1909
verbal1974
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [verb (intransitive)] > make sound
openc1425
cry1486
yearn1523
chant1573
babble1575
to lead chawle1589
to spend the mouth1590
spend1602
to give tongue1737
to throw (its) tongue1742
speak1826
tongue1832
to give mouth1854
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Josh. x. D No man durst moue his tunge agaynst the children of Israel.
1539 Bible (Great) Exod. xi. 7 But amonge all the children of Isrl' shal not a dogg moue his tonge, nor yet man or beast.
1737 Ld. Hervey Mem. II. 374 To speak in the sportsman's style, he has not given tongue often.
1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews II. iii. v. 101 Ringwood..never threw his Tongue but where the Scent was undoubtedly true. View more context for this quotation
1843 R. Palmer in Mem. (1896) I. xxiv. 353 I nearly picked a quarrel with a Repealer, who opened tongue to the people in the market place of Larne.
1858 ‘G. Eliot’ Amos Barton ii, in Scenes Clerical Life I. 52 When Papa opened the door Chubby was giving tongue energetically.
1859 J. S. Rarey Art of taming Horses (new ed.) xii. 203 When a hound throws his tongue he is said to speak.
1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest IV. xx. 518 He was for a moment undisputed lord, without a dog moving his tongue against him, from the Orkneys to the Angevin march.
1893 Black & White 15 July 81/1 He has a tendency to throw his tongue too freely, to speak without fair warrant.
b. Hence, the hunting-cry or ‘music’ of a hound in pursuit of game.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [noun] > sound made by
questc1400
gale1460
cry1535
mouth1590
tongue1787
1787 J. Hunter in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 77 266 Others, as the Hound, have a peculiar howl, which, by huntsmen, is called the tongue.
1879 Dogs Great Brit. & Amer. 56 The tongue [of the bloodhound should be] loud, long, deep, and melodious.
1890 The Tongue of the Hound in Sat. Rev. 1 Feb. 134/2 It is odd that the English hound, alone of hounds, should have this melodious tongue.
1890 The Tongue of the Hound in Sat. Rev. 1 Feb. 135/1 How the squires of bygone times valued the tongues of their hounds.
8.
a. The speech or language of a people or race; also, that of a particular class or locality, a dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > a language > [noun]
speechc888
rounOE
ledenc1000
tonguec1000
wordOE
moalc1175
speaka1300
languagec1300
land-speecha1325
talea1325
lip1382
stevenc1386
languea1425
leed1513
public language1521
idiom1575
idiotism1588
lingua1660
lingua franca1697
receptive language1926
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 17 Hi sprecaþ niwum tungum.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 233 (MED) Þis ilk bok is es translate In to Inglis tong to rede.
1423 Kingis Quair vii Enditing In his faire latyne tong.
1485 Rolls of Parl. VI. 375/1 Maister Stephen Fryon', our Secretary in Frensh tonge.
1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 206 Erasmus..Compareth the Englishe tongue [1596 toong] to a Dogges barking, that soundeth nothing els, but Baw, waw, waw in Monosillable.
1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages Prol. sig. A. ij In vulgar toung he bure the bell that day To mak meter.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 501 To speak all Tongues, and do all Miracles. View more context for this quotation
1690 W. Temple Ess. Anc. & Mod. Learning in Wks. (1731) I. 165 The three modern Tongues much esteemed, are Italian, Spanish and French.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 1. ¶3 Celebrated Books, either in the Learned or the Modern Tongues.
1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi iii. 89 There were many races in Crete, and there was a mixture of tongue.
1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 307 Now the local tongue is becoming too ‘correct’ to be characteristic and picturesque.
b. the tongues , foreign languages; often spec. the classical or learned languages; †the three tongues, Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Greek > classical
the tongues1535
classical Greek1699
classical language1752
c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 4 The Barbar tonge is euery tonge in þe world whech is fer fro þe iij principall tongis, Hebrew, Grek, & Latyn.]
1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale sig. B.iij A man of grete lerning..both in the scriptures & the tongues.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxxvij Excellencie in the knowledge of all three tonges.
1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. iii. i. 71 In..Cambridge & Oxford..the vse of the toongs..are dailie taught and had.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. i. 32 Haue you the Tongues?..My youthfull trauaile, therein made me happy.
1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas (title page) The Guide into the tongues. With their agreement and consent one with another..in these eleuen Languages, viz. [etc.].
1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 122 We content our selves with the knowledge of the Tongues.
1907 A. Lang in Blackwood's Mag. July 17 He was well-educated, familiar with ‘the tongues’.
1912 Bodleian Library, Man. for Readers 4/1 The rooms once used for the teaching of..the two Tongues (Greek and Hebrew).
c. The knowledge or use of a language. Esp. in phrases gift of tongues, to speak with a tongue (tongues), in reference to the Pentecostal miracle and the miraculous gift in the early Church; also simply tongues (plural in collective sense).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > other practices > [noun] > speaking in tongues
gift of tongues1526
tongues1526
society > faith > worship > other practices > carry out other practices [verb (intransitive)] > speak with tongues
to speak with a tongue (tongues)1526
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 1 Cor. xii. 30 Do all speake with tonges?
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 1 Cor. xiii. 8 Though that prophesyinge fayle, other tonges shall cease, or knowledge vanysshe awaye.
1526 [see sense 2a].
1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 48 The halie spreit..gaif to thayme ye gift to speik with al twngis.
1538 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) II. 144 Ioynyng wyth you Maister Mason..to declare your purpose for that having the tongue he may doo..it more fully thenne you could percace easly vtter the same.
1593 R. Harvey Philadelphus 3 Neither can you proue that hee had not wealth enough to serue his vses, or tongue enough in euery place of his trauell.
a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods xliii. 75 in Wks. (1640) III Their..bright Stone, that brings Invisibilitie, and strength, and tongues.
1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. i. v. 96 The glossolalia, or ‘speaking with a tongue’, is connected with ‘prophesying’—that is, exalted preaching.
1965 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 5 Dec. 31/5 Some parishioners have complained to the Diocesan authorities..about Mr. Schofield's interest in speaking with tongues.
1972 S. Tugwell Did you receive Spirit? v. 40 Some manifestation, usually tongues, is generally expected; indeed, strict Pentecostals demand it.
1976 Church Times 5 Mar. 14/2 Tongues is a personal and devotional gift as opposed to the others, which are intended to help people.
9. transferred in biblical use: A people or nation having a language of their own. Usually in plural: all tongues, people of every tongue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > [noun] > having own language
tongue1382
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. v. 9 In thi blood, of al lynage, and tunge, and puple, and nacioun.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. v. 9 Thou..haste redemed vs by thy bloud, out of all kynreddes, and tonges, and people, and nacions.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. lxvi. C I wil come to gather all people and tonges.
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxvii. 505 All People, Nations, and Toongs shal serue that Kingdome.
1745 Scot. Paraphr. xviii. ii To this the joyful nations round, all tribes and tongues shall flow.
1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost ix. 234 Throughout all lands, and people, and tongues.
III. Anything that resembles or suggests the human or animal tongue by its shape, position, function, or use; a tapering, projecting, or elongated object or part, esp. when mobile, or attached at one end or side.
10. Any tongue-like part or organ of the human or animal body. †tongue of the throat, the uvula.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [noun] > pointed projection
tongue1398
jag1578
mucro1646
spur1681
rostruma1728
spicula1753
spikelet1851
lingula1856
mucronation1862
cusp1879
mucronule1890
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > [noun] > uvula
tongue of the throat1398
uvulac1400
uve?1527
uvule?1527
columella1585
gargareon1653
pap of the hass1788
staphyle1808
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum v. xxiv. (Bodl. lf. 13 b/1) [Þis] þe phisicians clepiþ þe tunge of þe throte and Cataracta also.
1483 Cath. Angl. 396/2 A Tunge in the throte, vua; or ye palase of ye mowthe.
1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 253 The Trachelo-Mastoideus (Complexus Minor),..arises from the last four transverse processes of the neck, and three or four of the back, by tendinous and fleshy tongues.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 527 A projecting tongue [of splenic tissue] becoming pedunculated.
†11. A wedge, an ingot of gold or silver. Obsolete.In quot. 1535 a lit. rendering of Hebrew l′shōn zahab.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > precious metal > [noun] > gold > lump or bar of gold
rulea1382
tongue1535
grain1613
gold bar1713
gold brick1820
lob1825
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Josh. vii. D And two hundreth Sycles of syluer and a tunge of golde, worth fiftye Sycles in weight [hūdreth in text].
12. (= tongue-fish n. at Compounds 2.) A young or small-sized sole.[So, in same sense, early modern Dutch tonghe (Kilian), German zunge, Danish tunge, Swedish tungfisk.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > plaice, flounder, or sole
sole1347
floundera1450
plaicec1450
tongue-fish1655
tonguea1825
lemon dab1835
lemon sole1890
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Pleuronectiformes (flat-fish) > [noun] > family Soleidae (soles) > member of genus Solea > solea solea (sole) > of particular size
tongue-fish1655
tonguea1825
slip1881
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Tongue, a small sole, from its shape.
1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland II. 40 Sole..slips, or tongues, the market terms for the young.
1881 Daily News 4 Mar. 4/6 Large soles are put at the top and bottom of the box, and the ‘tongues’ stowed cleverly in the middle, so that the sole buyer..has but scant opportunity of fairly judging its contents.
1881 Daily Tel. 11 Mar. The fishermen know the ground on which little else than tongues can be caught, and they should be prevented fishing over that ground.
13. A tongue-like projecting piece of anything.
a. A narrow strip of land, running into the sea, or between two branches of a river, or two other lands; also a projecting horizontal point or spit of ice in the sea, a narrow inlet of water running into the land, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > sharp unevenness > [noun] > a sharp prominence > tongue-like
tongue1566
1566 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1577. 735/1 Duas acras vocatas the kirk-dur-keyis (..descendendo cum uno lie tung inter terras de Erlishall).
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 231 There is a double haven devided by a tongue of rocke.
1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 27 You see the Sea on both sides of this long Tongue of Land.
1693 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 89 The Windsor Castle run on the tongue of the Goodwin sands.
1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 33 in W. Stork Acct. E. Florida (ed. 2) A long tongue of low marsh comes from the N.E. end.
1772 Ann. Reg. 1771 73/1 Whitehaven..the tide..overflowed the quays and tongues, and ran..into the market-place.
1775 B. Romans Conc. Nat. Hist. E. & W. Florida App. 48 To the westward of Stirrup's Key is a tongue of ocean water shooting into the bank.
1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions I. 228 A tongue is a point of ice projecting nearly horizontally from a part that is under water. Ships have sometimes run aground upon tongues of ice.
1832 Act 2 & 3 William IV c. 64 Sched. O, 16 The tongue of land in the river just above Kingsbury fish~pond.
1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. x. 134 A..smaller tongue of the coal measures passes from the Forest of Wyre to the left bank of the Severn.
1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xx. 404 A tongue of rather high land, formed by the left bank of the Lucalla, and right bank of the Coanza.
1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 573 Tongues of forest go up the mountain in some places a hundred yards or more above the true line of the belt.
b. A narrow and deep part of the current of a river, running smoothly and rapidly between rocks.
ΚΠ
1891 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) A tongue is well-known to anglers as a favorite resting-place of salmon in their laborious ascent of rapid streams.
c. A tapering jet of flame.
ΚΠ
1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel i. 12 A tongue of light, a fit of flame.
1849 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (ed. 8) xxxiii. 370 The flame of a taper..is immediately divided into two tongues by the electric current.
1872 W. Hanna Resurrection ix. 178 That broad strong tongue of flame.
d. Geology. A part of a formation that projects laterally into the material of an adjacent formation, becoming thinner in the direction of its length.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > [noun] > tapered object > tongue-shaped object or part
languet1644
tongue1917
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > intrusion > lateral
tongue1917
1917 L. W. Stephenson in Jrnl. Washington Acad. Sci. 7 245 It is..proposed that such features as x and y in figure 1 be designated ‘tongues’... A tongue is not a member nor a lentil, either one of which differs lithologically from the typical material composing the formation of which it forms part.
1953 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 37 2410 Formations may be subdivided into members, lentils, ‘tongues’, beds, et cetera.
1970 Earth-Sci. Rev. VI. 275 Examples of informal rock units are:..(b) beds (e.g., quarry layer, coal beds, oil sands, tongues, lentils, etc.).
e. gen.
ΚΠ
1881 E. A. Freeman Sketch Subj. Lands Venice 207 Columns with richly carved capitals, and..with tongues of foliage at their bases.
1954 F. T. Prince Soldiers Bathing 7 Letting the sea-waves coil Their frothy tongues about his feet.
1965 E. L. Myles Emperor of Peace River ii. iv. 226 The frantic bawling of a calf in the edge of a tongue of brush near the river's bank.
1966 D. Bagley Wyatt's Hurricane v. 129 They emerged on to an open place, an incursive tongue of the countryside licking into the suburbs.
14. In many technical applications.
a. The pin of a buckle or brooch.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > buckle > part of
tonguec1325
chape1686
anchor1761
buckle-ring1761
c1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesw. in Wright Voc. 150 Einsy doyt le hardiloun [gloss, the tungge]. Passer par tru de subiloun [gloss, a bore of an alsene][nalkin].
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 506/1 Tunge of a bocle, lingula.
1483 Cath. Angl. 396/2 A Tunge of ye belte, lingula.
1524 in G. Oliver Hist. Coll. (1841) App. 15 A silver bokyll without a tong.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 281/2 Tong of a buckell, hardillon.
1608 in Archaeologia 11 93 Sixteen gold buckles with pendants and toungs.
1802 Trans. Soc. Arts 20 334 A buckle, with its double tongue received in a groove.
1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. iv. iii. 517 The acus or tongue is wanting.
b. The pointer of a balance; also of a dial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weighing apparatus > a balance > tongue of a balance
moment of a balancea1382
tongue1429
languet1483
clefa1513
needle1589
cock1611
trial1611
scape1633
pin1639
examen1719
1429 Rolls of Parl. IV. 349/1 So yat ye tunge of ye balance encline not to on party.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 281/2 Tong of a balaunce, languette.
1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor v. ii. sig. K3 As I can moue this dyals tongue to six.
a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) 91 The scales being gently stirred, the tongue would play altogether on that side, at which the bubble was hung.
1896 ‘M. Rutherford’ Catharine Furze (ed. 5) vi It was just a tremble of the tongue of the balance.
c. A thin elastic vibratory strip of metal, covering the aperture of a reed in an organ pipe: = reed n.1 9c; hence transferred an analogous device in a seed-sowing machine (obsolete); also, a reed in the oboe or bassoon: = reed n.1 9a; the vibrating fork in the Jew's harp or ‘trump’; hence figurative the essential or principal person in a company or the like; also, a plectrum or jack in the harpsichord (= Jack n.2 8).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > pipe > other parts of pipes
tongue1551
mouth1727
lip1728
reed1728
wind-cuttera1834
labium1847
beak1852
beard1852
underlip1852
wedge1852
body tube1854
plate-of-wind1875
wind-way1875
1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. E ij Ther are dyuerse kyndes of reedes, some are thicke redes; wherof arrowes are made,..some serue for to make tonges for pypes.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Organ The degree of Acuteness and Gravity in the Sound of a Reed-Pipe, depends on the Length of the Tongue.
1733 J. Tull Horse-hoing Husbandry xxii. 149 The Tongue of the Seed-Box..differs from that in the Sound-Board of an Organ..in Shape.
1786 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 503 The last invented tongue for the harpsichord.
1795 R. Burns Election ii. 1 An' there'll be black-nebbit Johnnie, The tongue o' the trump to them a'.
1854 J. S. Bushnan in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 127 The air throws the tongue..into a state of vibration.
1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 338/2 The reed is a brass tube..having a narrow orifice over which lies the tongue, a thin elastic piece of brass large enough to cover the orifice and its edges... The lower end of the tongue is..perfectly free.
1879 J. Stainer Music of Bible 78 The real difference between an oboe and a clarinet is, that the former has a double tongue which vibrates, the latter a single tongue.
d. The clapper of a bell; hence, the pistil or a stamen of a bell-flower.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > clapper
clapper1379
swingle14..
bell-clapper1498
kneppelc1500
tongue1577
clap1608
clacker1869
jinglet1881
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 64 By plucking out the little yellowe tongus from the bel.
1578 Burgh Rec. Glasgow (Maitland Club) 104 For ane tong to Sanct Mungowes bell 2/.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream v. i. 356 The iron tongue of midnight hath tolde twelue. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. iii. 38.
1690 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 258 For leather to the bell tongues, 2s. 8d.
1721 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. (1838) I. i. iv. §i. 333/1 The bell's tongue in some places was stolen away, that the parishioners might have an excuse for not coming to church.
1842 Belfast & Environs 71 This fine bell, which—except that the tongue is wanting—is in as fine preservation as at the moment it was originally cast.
e. The pole of a wagon or other vehicle; †the head of a plough (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > part bearing share
heada1325
stock1578
tongue1591
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole
thillc1325
limber1480
sway1535
neap1553
draught-tree1580
wain-beam1589
beam1600
fills1609
spire1609
foreteam?1611
verge1611
shaft1613
rangy1657
pole1683
thrill1688
trill1688
rod1695
range1702
neb1710
sharp1733
tram1766
carriage pole1767
sill1787
tongue1792
nib1808
dissel-boom1822
tongue-tree1829
reach1869
wain-stang1876
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Pertiga de carreta The toong of a plowe, (L.) temo.
1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 106 The oxen which are nearest to the tongue are sometimes suspended.
1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie I. ii. 27 The men..applied their strength to the wagon, pulling it by its projecting tongue.
1858 E. J. Lewis in W. Youatt Dog (N.Y. ed.) ii. 54 Constantly by the side or at the heels of the horses, or under the tongue of the vehicle.
f. A projecting piece of leather or the like forming a tab or flap, or means of fastening; the strip of thin leather or kid closing the opening in a boot which is laced or buttoned; hence, any similar appendage.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > flap of leather
tongue1598
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > protective studs or plates > other
speckc1440
under-leather1569
rand1598
tongue1598
ruffle1600
underlay1612
tap1688
jump1712
bottom1768
boot-garter1824
yarking1825
range1840
counter1841
insole1851
sock1851
galosh1853
heel plate1862
lift1862
foxing1865
spring1885
saddle1930
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 32 b/1 The hornes hauinge internally a little leatherne tunge which stoppeth the hoales.
1643 T. Hope Diary 25 June (1843) 191 Quhil I wes pulling on my left buit both the tungis of it brak.
1830 F. Marryat King's Own I. x. 153 He passed the leathern tongue of the [pocket-]book through the strap.
1840 J. Devlin Shoemaker 65 A further closing..beginning at the turn of the..counter, and going right round, along the range, and up the tongue.
1912 W. H. Stevenson in Eng. Hist. Rev. Jan. 7 The writs of Edward the Confessor have pendent seals affixed to a tongue of the parchment.
†g. In Fortification, a pointed horn-work; see quot. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork > hornwork
hornworkc1660
tongue1688
corn1693
horn1709
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xvi. 99/1 Tongues..are outworks that differ from Horn-works only in this, that in two halfe Bulworks they haue only an acute angle: and this sort is called the Single Tongue: it is called a double Tongue work, when it hath two outward angles with one inward.
h. The movable tapered piece of rail in a railway switch.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > track > rails at points > movable rail
tongue1841
1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 257/1 Switches are moveable rails placed at the point where two tracks fall into one,..to guide vehicles from the single track into either of the two... In the old railways this was effected by short tongues of iron, moved by hand.
1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tongue..the short movable rail of a switch, by which the wheels are directed to one or the other lines of rail.
i. The wedge-shaped or tapered end of a scion in grafting.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > [noun] > by cuttings > cutting or slip > for grafting > part of
tenon?1523
bourlet1725
tongue1831
wedge1831
1831 On Planting (Libr. Useful Knowl.) iii. 30 The upper division of the scion made by the slit, termed the tongue or wedge, is then inserted into the cleft of the stock.
1887 Nicholson's Dict. Gard. at Tongue-grafting A small, thin tongue is cut in an upward direction in the scion, and also a notch the opposite way in the stock.
j. A projecting tenon along the edge of a board, to be inserted into a groove or mortise in the edge of another board; also, a connecting slip, often of iron or steel, which joins two grooved boards; in Mechanics a projecting flange, rib, or strip for any purpose ( Encycl. Dict. 1888).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint > projecting part of joint
tenon14..
tenora1485
rabbet1678
dovetail1691
relish1703
teaze-tenon1703
coak1794
table1794
tusk tenon1825
tonguing1841
tongue1842
pin1847
cog1858
stub-tenon1875
cross-tongue1876
1842 G. W. Francis Dict. Arts Tongue, a projecting part at the edge of a board, to be inserted into a groove ploughed in the edge of another.
1902 How to Make Things 57/1 Then add the other boards, fitting the tongue of one into the groove of the other.
k. The tapered end of a pole, etc. by which it is fixed in a socket; also, the upper main-piece of a made mast.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > mast > mast made of several pieces > parts of
spindle1597
arris piece1717
headpiece1794
side tree1794
tongue1815
1815 W. Burney Falconer's New Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) 568/1 Tongue, in mast-making, the taper part of the lower end of a spindle, or of a scarph.
l. A short piece of rope spliced into the upper part of the standing backstays, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > rigging > [noun] > fixed rigging > stay > specific > parts of or attached to
crane-line1674
tongue1815
1815 W. Burney Falconer's New Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) Tongue, a short piece of rope spliced into the upper part of standing-backstays, &c. to the size of the topmast-head.
m. Of a sword or knife: see quots.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > [noun] > hilt, generally > tang to which hilt fastened
tongue1853
1853 J. H. Stocqueler Mil. Encycl. 286/2 Tongue of a Sword, that part of the blade on which the gripe, shell, and pummel, are fixed.
1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour ix. 170 The tongue..is the spike..which is fixed into the hilt in order to join the hilt and the blade together.
n. Of a bevel: see quots.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for marking out work > [noun] > tool for setting of angles > part of
tongue1867
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Tongue of a bevel,..by which the angles or bevellings are taken.
1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tongue,..the movable arm of a bevel, the principal member being the stock, which forms the case when the instrument is closed.
o. Music. = plaque n. 5.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > associated parts
fipple1626
wind-way1875
staple1880
pirouette1891
plaque1940
windcap1940
tongue1953
scrape1954
reed-cap1960
1953 E. Rothwell Oboe Technique vi. 48 Tongue, or plaque, for inserting into the reed while scraping. Small flat piece of metal, oval shaped with pointed ends.
1957 A. C. Baines Woodwind Instruments & their Hist. iii. 82 The tongue (or plaque, fig. 11, t) is a thin, oval steel plate about 40 ×15 millimetres, and it is always placed between the blade tips while scraping after the tips have been separated.
1977 Goossens & Roxburgh Oboe iii. 34 The scraping tongue (or plaque). A flat oval plate of steel... Some players prefer a narrower plate to prevent the knife from coming into contact at the edges.

Compounds

General attributive.
C1.
a. Simple attributive.
tongue-battery n.
ΚΠ
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 404 Mustring all her wiles, With blandisht parlies, feminine assaults, Tongue-batteries . View more context for this quotation
tongue-battle n.
ΚΠ
1741 J. Ozell tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Spanish Rhodomontades 84 He did by no Means like Handy-blows, but only your Tongue-Battles.
tongue-bolt n.
ΚΠ
1622 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster (new ed.) ii. 22 Looke well about you, and you may finde a tongue bolt.
1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) II. viii. iv. 52 The..doctors of Lyons hurled back his tongue-bolts with the dreaded cry of heresy.
tongue-bully n.
ΚΠ
a1834 S. T. Coleridge Notes & Lect. (1849) I. 283 Such a mouthing Tamburlane, and bombastic tongue-bully as this Cethegus of his!
tongue-combat n.
ΚΠ
1623 Hexham (title) A tongve-combat, lately happening be-tweene two English Souldiers in the Tilt-boat of Grauesend.
tongue-compliment n.
ΚΠ
1660 T. Fuller Mixt Contempl. i. xxxii. 53 The Rent-compleating of the one, and the Tongue-complements of the other.
tongue-craft n.
ΚΠ
1837 C. Lofft Self-formation I. 220 Despatch..is a surpassing quality in tonguecraft.
tongue-debate n.
ΚΠ
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 555 Ever foremost in a Tongue debate.
tongue-drill n.
ΚΠ
1886 M. F. Tupper My Life as Author 73 That was the sort of tongue-drill and nerve-quieting recommended and enforced.
tongue-fire n.
ΚΠ
1690 C. Ness Compl. Hist. & Myst. Old & New Test. I. 19 This raging tongue-fire causeth great confusion.
tongue-government n.
ΚΠ
1656 E. Reyner Rules Govt. Tongue 97 Tongue-government is needfull to prevent Miseries from our selves.
tongue-grace n.
ΚΠ
1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1848) ccxvi. 425 Oh, that he would give me more than paper-grace or tongue-grace.
tongue-itch n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [noun]
overspeecheOE
tongue-itch1540
multiloquy1542
long tongue1557
garrulity1581
slipperiness1589
polylogy1602
volubility1602
loquacity1603
lubricity1603
tonguiness1607
overspeakinga1610
talkativeness1609
philology1623
tongue-vice1628
glibness1633
futility1640
linguacity1656
garrulousness1727
linguosity1727
loquaciousness1727
multiloquiousness1727
jaw1748
multiloquence1760
flippancy1789
verbal diarrhoea1808
magpiety1832
big mouth1834
pleniloquence1838
chattiness1876
open-mouthedness1883
gabbiness1887
garrulance1890
irreticence1919
talkiness1934
ear-bashing1945
mee-mawing1974
1540 T. Cranmer Prol. or Pref. in Bible (Great) sig. ✠iii Wherof commeth all this tongue itche, that we haue so moch delight to talke and clatter.
tongue-metal n.
ΚΠ
1604 Penniles Parl. Threed-bare Poets in Iacke of Dover Quest of Inquirie sig. G4 A quart or two of fine Trinidado, shall arme vs against the gun-shot of tongue mettle.
tongue-part n. (of a top-boot)
ΚΠ
1617 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale iv. 159 What faleshode (which this witch termes veritie)! what tonge-plages (cowardlie scurrilitie)!
1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 410/2 It..goes twice through the hands of the workman; the first time to do what is called the tongue part, the closing of the vamp and counter to the leg.
tongue-plague n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > malediction > [noun] > abusive language
teleeOE
conteckc1380
contumelyc1386
flitec1400
abuse1559
doggery?1577
vinegar-railing1609
Billingsgate1676
slangwhang1834
tongue-plague1853
1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 100 G. aparine... Children, with the leaves, practise phlebotomy upon the tongue..hence they call the plant Bluid-tongue or Tongue-bluiders.
tongue-play n.
ΚΠ
1872 A. C. Swinburne in Fortn. Rev. Sept. 263 The purblind..policy of sword-play and tongue-play.
tongue-position n.
ΚΠ
1918 D. Jones Outl. Eng. Phonetics vi. 16 We examine the tongue positions of these five classes [of vowels].
1977 Word 28 321 The most important feature for the correct perception of this phoneme from the viewpoint of the listener is high tongue position.
tongue-powder n.
ΚΠ
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. B4 He that hath most toong powder hopes to driue the other out of the field first.
tongue-prayer n.
ΚΠ
1604 S. Hieron Preachers Plea in Wks. (1620) I. 491 Blind deuotions and tong-prayers, which the hart doth not conceiue.
tongue-root n.
ΚΠ
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1375 Bot þou sal tak þis pepins thre..And do þam vnder his tong rote.
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. (at cited word) It was juist at my tongue-roots,..intimating either that a person was just about to catch a term that had caused some degree of hesitation, or that he was on the point of uttering an idea in which he has been anticipated by another.
tongue-saw n.
ΚΠ
a1711 T. Ken Edmund v, in Wks. (1721) II. 82 Thus Dipsychus when he most Kindness feigns, With his Tongue-Saw licks Mortals to their Banes.
tongue-sin n.
ΚΠ
1713 M. Henry Check to Ungoverned Tongue in Wks. (1853) I. 149 Peter resolved against a tongue-sin in his own strength.
tongue-skirmish n.
ΚΠ
1822 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Wasps in tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 214 What, my friends, if we quit This tongue-skirmish of wit?
tongue-squib n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > [noun] > instance of
crank1594
wits, fits, and fancies1595
jerk1598
quirk1600
tongue-squib1628
dictery1632
repartee1637
quip1645
good thing1671
bon mot1735
a play on (also upon) words1761
sally1781
wordplay1794
southboarda1805
mot1813
smartism1830
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. ii. sig. H3v As for the crackers of the braine, and tongue-squibs, they will dye alone, if I shall not reuiue them.
tongue-structure n.
ΚΠ
1861 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 8 281 The tongue-structure of folded anticlinals.
tongue-tangle n.
ΚΠ
1901 Westm. Gaz. 29 Nov. 2/3 He generally got into a tongue-tangle over the word.
tongue-tattle n.
tongue-tip n.
ΚΠ
1896 A. Morrison Child of Jago 299 His tongue-tip passed quickly over them.
1899 H. Sutcliffe Shameless Wayne ix. 118 Martha had a keen answer on her tongue-tip.
tongue-toil n.
ΚΠ
1609 J. Boys Expos. Princ. Script. in Wks. (1629) 29 He praiseth God but little, who makes it a tongue-toile and a lip labour only.
† tongue trump n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie lx. Dd j For the feare, that his tongtromp (to you did sowne:) By thus manie flies: to thus few spiders seene.
tongue-valour n.
ΚΠ
1629 tr. Herodian Hist. (1635) 383 You wel know what weather-cocks the Roman people are: and how great their tongue-valour is.
tongue-vice n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [noun]
overspeecheOE
tongue-itch1540
multiloquy1542
long tongue1557
garrulity1581
slipperiness1589
polylogy1602
volubility1602
loquacity1603
lubricity1603
tonguiness1607
overspeakinga1610
talkativeness1609
philology1623
tongue-vice1628
glibness1633
futility1640
linguacity1656
garrulousness1727
linguosity1727
loquaciousness1727
multiloquiousness1727
jaw1748
multiloquence1760
flippancy1789
verbal diarrhoea1808
magpiety1832
big mouth1834
pleniloquence1838
chattiness1876
open-mouthedness1883
gabbiness1887
garrulance1890
irreticence1919
talkiness1934
ear-bashing1945
mee-mawing1974
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xxx. sig. N8v For the tongue-vice, talkatiuenesse, I see not, but..Men may very well vie words with them [sc. women].
tongue-war n.
ΚΠ
1730 B. Martyn Timoleon iv. iii I hate This Female Tongue-War, and will end it thus.
1820 T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Knights in tr. Aristophanes Comedies I. 190 A man in tongue-war His superior by far.
tongue-warrior n.
ΚΠ
1743 R. Blair Grave 17 The Tongue-Warrior..Cannot tell his Ail.
tongue-weapon n.
ΚΠ
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 131 I..have both will and wit to reckon, And beat thee at thy own tongue weapon.
1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies xviii The sharpest tongue-weapons that sarcasm ever forged.
b. Objective and objective genitive.
tongue-biting n.
ΚΠ
1898 J. Hutchinson in Arch. Surg. IX. No. 34. 126 It [an epileptic fit] came without warning, and was attended by tongue-biting.
tongue-cutting n.
tongue fighter n.
ΚΠ
1876 A. C. Swinburne Erechtheus 642 Tongue-fighters, tough of talk and sinewy speech.
tongue-lolling n.
ΚΠ
1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxix, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 782 Smoking, and leering, with tongue-lolling cheek.
1847 L. Hunt Men, Women, & Bks. I. iii. 44 The yelps and tongue-lollings of the dog.
tongue-paralysing n.
tongue-scraper n.
ΚΠ
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 88/1 Then scrape your tunge with a wooden tungescraper.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 245. ⁋2 [She] carried off..a Silver Tongue-Scraper.
1897 Star 20 Apr. 4/7 A curious instrument possessed by everyone in China above the extremely poor is the tongue-scraper.
tongue-taming n.
Thesaurus »
tongue-wag n.
tongue-wagger n.
ΚΠ
1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers i. 16 He was blab-mouthed, a tongue-wagger.
tongue-wagging n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [adjective]
wordyeOE
talewisec1200
i-worded?c1225
babblinga1250
cacklinga1250
chatteringa1250
speakfula1250
word-wooda1250
of many wordsc1350
janglingc1374
tatteringc1380
tongueya1382
ganglinga1398
readya1400
jargaunt1412
talkative1432
open-moutheda1470
clattering1477
trattling?a1513
windy1513
popping1528
smatteringa1529
rattle?1529
communicablea1533
blab1552
gaggling1553
long-tongued?1553
prittle-prattle1556
pattering1558
talking1560
bobling1566
gabbling1566
verbal1572
piet1573
twattling1573
flibber gibber1575
babblative1576
tickle-tongued1577
tattling1581
buzzing1587
long-winded1589
multiloquous1591
discoursive1599
rattling1600
glib1602
flippant1605
talkful1605
nimble-tongued1608
tongue-ripe1610
fliperous1611
garrulous?1611
futile1612
overspeaking1612
feather-tongueda1618
tongue-free1617
long-breatheda1628
well-breathed1635
multiloquious1640
untongue-tied1640
unretentive1650
communicative1651
linguacious1651
glibbed1654
largiloquent1656
multiloquent1656
parlagea1657
loose-clacked1661
nimble-chop1662
twit-twat1665
over-talkativea1667
loquacious1667
loudmouth1668
conversable1673
gash1681
narrative1681
chappy1693
apposite1701
conversative1703
gabbit1710
lubricous1715
gabby?1719
ventose1721
taleful1726
chatty?1741
blethering1759
renable1781
fetch-fire1784
conversational1799
conversant1803
gashing1808
long-lunged1815
talky1815
multi-loquacious1819
prolegomenous1822
talky-talky1831
nimble-mouthed1836
slipper1842
speechful1842
gassy1843
in great force1849
yattering1859
babbly1860
irreticent1864
chattable1867
lubrical1867
chattery1869
loose-mouthed1872
chinny1883
tongue-wagging1885
yappy1909
big-mouthed1914
loose-lipped1919
ear-bashing1945
ear-bending1946
yackety-yacking1953
nattering1959
yacking1959
woofy1960
1885 B. Harte Maruja vi. 129 No..tongue-wagging gossip.
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Jan. 1/1 It is not necessary that he should say anything wise or true or new. All that he needs do is to keep on tongue-wagging.
c. Instrumental.
(a)
tongue-bang n.
tongue-hammer n.
ΚΠ
1847 Fr. Oxford to Rome (ed. 2) 105 The din of word-battles and tongue-hammers.
tongue-kill n.
ΚΠ
1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe ii. 27 My ears still ring with noise, I'm vext to death: Tongue-kill'd.
tongue-lash n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] > scold
chidec1230
ban1340
tongue1388
rate1393
flite14..
rehetec1400
janglec1430
chafec1485
rattle1542
berate1548
quarrel1587
hazen?1608
bequarrel1624
huff1674
shrewa1687
to claw away, off1692
tongue-pad1707
to blow up1710
scold1718
rag1739
redd1776
bullyraga1790
jaw1810
targe1825
haze1829
overhaul1840
tongue-walk1841
trim1882
to call down1883
tongue-lash1887
roar1917
to go off at (a person)1941
chew1948
wrinch2009
1887 S. Baring-Gould Red Spider I. ii. 29 Let yourself be led and tongue-lashed by your housekeeper.
tongue-taw n.
ΚΠ
1592 J. Lyly Midas v. ii I feare nothing so much as to be tongue tawde.
(b)
tongue-baited adj.
ΚΠ
1750 Let. 4 Aug. in Student 1 No. 8. 304 Socrates was too much tongue-baited.
tongue-bitten n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [adjective] > abused
reviled1569
tongue-rent1607
tongue-bitten1615
1615 J. Day Festivals 335 Now for vs..who are thus Tongue-bitten and Reviled in such sort.
tongue-rent n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [adjective] > abused
reviled1569
tongue-rent1607
tongue-bitten1615
1607 S. Hieron Def. Ministers Reasons Pref. sig. *3v Miserably slandered & tongue-rente.
(c)
tongue-lashing n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > [noun] > scolding
chidingc893
flitingc1200
scolding1486
rating1556
schooling1557
chafing?1578
railwifery1695
ragging1788
mobbing1803
fratching1805
row1830
tongue-lashing1881
rough tonguing1916
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > [noun] > scolding > instance of
Kyrie15..
Kyrie eleison1528
chide1538
wormwood lecture1640
rant1663
scold1726
trimming1763
blowing up1772
set-to1774
set-down1780
ragging1788
scouting1794
hurl?a1800
hearing1816
heckling1832
twisting1834
downsetting1842
going-over1843
shrewing1847
call1862
tongue-lashing1881
tongue-walking1888
telling-off1893
rousting1900
lumps1935
fourpenny one1936
rucking1958
1881 ‘M. Twain’ Prince & Pauper xix. 222 She promptly brought the King out of his dreams with a brisk and cordial tongue-lashing.
1885 H. C. McCook Tenants Old Farm 74 You..deserve a little tongue-lashing.
tongue-murdering n.
ΚΠ
1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered v. 18 Such a tongue-murthering Cain..cannot withhold.
tongue-scourging n.
tongue-smiting n.
ΚΠ
1690 C. Ness Compl. Hist. & Myst. Old & New Test. I. 18 Tongue-smiting is as smart as any hand-smiting.
tongue-travailing n.
ΚΠ
1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. B4 Tongue-trauelling Lawyers faint at such a day.
† tongue wrawling n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1575 R. B. Apius & Virginia sig. Biv Content, for I shall repent it, for this my tonge wralling.
(d)
tongue-banger n.
ΚΠ
1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village (1863) I. 97 The feminine accomplishment of scolding, (tongue-banging, it is called in our parts, a compound word which deserves to be Greek).
1880 Ld. Tennyson Northern Cobbler iv Sally she turn'd a tongue-banger, an' räated me.
1881 Good Words 22 842/2 I heerd her tonguebanging o' ye as I cum past the house.
tongue-smiter n.
ΚΠ
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. v. 11) There are tongue-smiters, as well as hand-smiters.
d. Locative, similative.
tongue-bound adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective]
unspeakinga1382
speechless1390
mutec1400
dumb1406
silenta1425
peaceablec1425
secretc1440
of few wordsa1500
tongue-tied1529
mum1532
closec1540
strait-laced1546
tongue-dumb1556
incommunicable1568
sparing1568
inconversable1577
retentive1599
wordless1604
mumbudget1622
uncommunicable1628
monastica1631
word-bound1644
on (also upon) the reserve1655
strait-mouthed1664
oyster-like1665
incommunicative1670
mumchance1681
speechless1726
taciturnous1727
tongue-tacked1727
monosyllabic1735
silentish1737
untalkative1739
silentious1749
buttoned-up1767
taciturn1771
close as wax1772
untittletattling1779
reticent1825
voiceless1827
say-nothing1838
unremonstrant1841
still1855
unvocal1858
inexpansive186.
short-tongued1864
non-communicating1865
tight-lipped1876
unworded1886
chup1896
tongue-bound1906
shut-mouthed1936
zip-lipped1943
shtum1958
1906 E. A. Abbott Silanus xxix I stood silent,..as it were tongue-bound.
tongue-doughty adj.
ΚΠ
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1181 Tongue-doubtie Giant, how dost thou prove me these? View more context for this quotation
tongue-dumb adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective]
unspeakinga1382
speechless1390
mutec1400
dumb1406
silenta1425
peaceablec1425
secretc1440
of few wordsa1500
tongue-tied1529
mum1532
closec1540
strait-laced1546
tongue-dumb1556
incommunicable1568
sparing1568
inconversable1577
retentive1599
wordless1604
mumbudget1622
uncommunicable1628
monastica1631
word-bound1644
on (also upon) the reserve1655
strait-mouthed1664
oyster-like1665
incommunicative1670
mumchance1681
speechless1726
taciturnous1727
tongue-tacked1727
monosyllabic1735
silentish1737
untalkative1739
silentious1749
buttoned-up1767
taciturn1771
close as wax1772
untittletattling1779
reticent1825
voiceless1827
say-nothing1838
unremonstrant1841
still1855
unvocal1858
inexpansive186.
short-tongued1864
non-communicating1865
tight-lipped1876
unworded1886
chup1896
tongue-bound1906
shut-mouthed1936
zip-lipped1943
shtum1958
1556 tr. J. de Flores Histoire de Aurelio & Isabelle sig. H7 You thoughte..to rendre me tonge domme.
tongue-flowered adj.
ΚΠ
1890 Cent. Dict. at Serapias S. Lingua is known as the tongue-flowered..orchis.
tongue-free adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [adjective]
wordyeOE
talewisec1200
i-worded?c1225
babblinga1250
cacklinga1250
chatteringa1250
speakfula1250
word-wooda1250
of many wordsc1350
janglingc1374
tatteringc1380
tongueya1382
ganglinga1398
readya1400
jargaunt1412
talkative1432
open-moutheda1470
clattering1477
trattling?a1513
windy1513
popping1528
smatteringa1529
rattle?1529
communicablea1533
blab1552
gaggling1553
long-tongued?1553
prittle-prattle1556
pattering1558
talking1560
bobling1566
gabbling1566
verbal1572
piet1573
twattling1573
flibber gibber1575
babblative1576
tickle-tongued1577
tattling1581
buzzing1587
long-winded1589
multiloquous1591
discoursive1599
rattling1600
glib1602
flippant1605
talkful1605
nimble-tongued1608
tongue-ripe1610
fliperous1611
garrulous?1611
futile1612
overspeaking1612
feather-tongueda1618
tongue-free1617
long-breatheda1628
well-breathed1635
multiloquious1640
untongue-tied1640
unretentive1650
communicative1651
linguacious1651
glibbed1654
largiloquent1656
multiloquent1656
parlagea1657
loose-clacked1661
nimble-chop1662
twit-twat1665
over-talkativea1667
loquacious1667
loudmouth1668
conversable1673
gash1681
narrative1681
chappy1693
apposite1701
conversative1703
gabbit1710
lubricous1715
gabby?1719
ventose1721
taleful1726
chatty?1741
blethering1759
renable1781
fetch-fire1784
conversational1799
conversant1803
gashing1808
long-lunged1815
talky1815
multi-loquacious1819
prolegomenous1822
talky-talky1831
nimble-mouthed1836
slipper1842
speechful1842
gassy1843
in great force1849
yattering1859
babbly1860
irreticent1864
chattable1867
lubrical1867
chattery1869
loose-mouthed1872
chinny1883
tongue-wagging1885
yappy1909
big-mouthed1914
loose-lipped1919
ear-bashing1945
ear-bending1946
yackety-yacking1953
nattering1959
yacking1959
woofy1960
1617 Bp. J. Hall Quo Vadis? (new ed.) xxi. 81 Others more capricious, some more tongue-free, few euer better.
1907 ‘J. Halsham’ Lonewood Corner 116 John Board.. to the last degree tongue-free.
tongue-gilt adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [adjective] > having pleasing speech or eloquent
well-speakingOE
renablec1300
fair-speakinga1398
well-tonguedc1480
honey-mouthed1539
golden-mouthed1542
sweet-mouthed1542
fine-mouthed?1549
silver-tongued1592
silver1594
gold-mouthed1595
honey-tongued1595
nectar-tongued1596
tongue-gilt1608
feather-tongueda1618
chrysostomatical1623
dulciloquent1656
sweet-spoken1716
sweet-lipped1783
chrysostomic1816
smooth-spoken1821
superfluent1822
honey-lipped1833
nice spoken1852
articulate1892
1608 G. Markham & L. Machin Dumbe Knight iii. sig. Fv Thus are the pauement stones before the doores Of these great tongue guilt Orators, worne smoth With clients.
tongue-haltered adj.
tongue-leaved adj.
ΚΠ
1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 374 C. Myconis. Tongue-leaved Chrysanthemum. Leaves tongue-shaped, obtuse, serrate.
tongue-proof adj.
ΚΠ
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) iii. v. 167 Another while, he bids him be tongue proof.
tongue-puissant adj.
ΚΠ
1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Dvij Two, tongue puisaunte knyghts.
tongue-valiant adj.
ΚΠ
1700 J. Dryden tr. Homer 1st Bk. Ilias in Fables 202 Tongue-valiant Hero, Vaunter of thy Might, In Threats the foremost, but the lag in Fight.
1838–42 T. Arnold Hist. Rome II. xxx. 186 The Greeks being a tongue-valiant people returned an insulting refusal.
tongue-wanton adj.
ΚΠ
1820 T. Roscoe Gonzalo iii. i Being tongue-wanton of his noble friend, And crying up his many excellences.
e.
tongue-hammer v.
ΚΠ
1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Knights ii. iii, in Comedies 205 Handed it o'er To us to be tongue-hammered loudly.
C2. See also tongue-man n., tongue-pad n., tongue-tie n., etc.
tongue aloe n. Aloe linguæformis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Liliaceae family or plants > [noun] > aloe plants
aloeeOE
sea ay-green1551
sea-houseleek1597
aloe tree1640
tongue aloe1731
partridge-breast1811
partridge-breasted aloe1858
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I Aloe, Africana flore rubro,..The Tongue Aloe.
tongue-and-groove n. applied (chiefly attributive) to boards in which a tongue along one edge fits into a groove along the edge of its neighbour, and to joints, etc., so made; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint
indenting1382
scarf1497
swallowtail1548
dovetail1565
mortise-piece1577
tenon and mortise1610
culver-tail1616
mortise and tenon1631
finger joint1657
breaking joint1663
meeting1663
mitre1665
scarfing1671
heading joint1773
dovetail-joint1776
butting joint1803
bevel-joint1823
lap-joint1823
lapped mitre1825
mitre dovetail1847
bridle joint1860
mortise1875
sypher-joint1875
keyed mitre1876
tongue-and-groove1882
saddle joint1948
1882 W. J. Christy Pract. Treat. Joints iii. 52 Joggle Joint.—This term is applied to a square, semi~circular,..or otherwise shaped tongue and groove joint generally of equal depth the full way through.
1929 W. Faulkner Sound & Fury 353 He emerged carrying a sawn section of tongue-and-groove planking.
1939 W. Faulkner Wild Palms 19 The flimsy walls (they were not even tongue-and-groove..but were of ship-lap).
1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 11 Nov. (Advt. Suppl.) 4/2 End terr. house, built 1972,..d. glazing, tongue and groove floors, etc.
1977 Time 3 Oct. 53/1 Despite its style and tongue-and-groove plotting, The Honourable Schoolboy sometimes displays a Balzacian tendency to turn urges into passions.
tongue-bar n. each of the processes separating the gill-slits in Balanoglossus and Amphioxus, suggesting the tongue of a jews' harp ( Cent. Dict., Suppl. 1909).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Entomostraca > order Cirripedia > suborder Thoracica > member of family Balanidae > process dividing gill-slit in balanoglossus
tongue-bar1902
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 85/1 The tongue-bar is the essential organ of the gill-slit in Balano~glossus.
Categories »
tongue-bird n. local name of the wryneck, from its long retractile tongue (Swainson Provinc. Names Birds 1885).
tongue-bit n. a bridle bit having a plate attached so as to prevent the horse from putting his tongue over the mouthpiece (E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. 1877).
† tongue-blade n. Obsolete the shrub Ruscus Hypoglossum; = double-tongue n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > butcher's broom > [noun]
knee-hollyc1000
butcher's broom1538
petigrew1538
horse-tongue1562
knee-holm1562
knee-hull1562
ruscus1562
double-tongue1578
prickly box1578
tongue-blade1578
ground-myrtle1601
uvularia1706
Alexandrian laurel1760
punnai1794
shepherd's myrtlec1840
Jew's myrtle1856
knee-hul-
knee-hulver-
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. xiv. 676 Tongueblade or double tongue, his nature is to asswage payne.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Langue Tong-blade, Double-tongue, Horse-tongue.
tongue-bleed n. the Goose-grass or Cleavers ( Galium Aparine).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > goose-grass or cleavers
cleaversc1000
hairifc1000
tongue-bleedc1450
goose-grass1530
goose-hairif1551
goose-share1578
clithers1597
goose-bill1597
philanthropos1597
love-man1598
rundles1601
rennet wort1688
catchweed1691
goose-tongue1738
sticking-grass1829
scratch-weed1855
turkey-grass1874
beggars'-lice1880
tongue-bleeder1905
c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 157 Rubea minor, cliure [= cleavers] uel tongebledes.
tongue-bleeder n. = tongue-bleed n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > goose-grass or cleavers
cleaversc1000
hairifc1000
tongue-bleedc1450
goose-grass1530
goose-hairif1551
goose-share1578
clithers1597
goose-bill1597
philanthropos1597
love-man1598
rundles1601
rennet wort1688
catchweed1691
goose-tongue1738
sticking-grass1829
scratch-weed1855
turkey-grass1874
beggars'-lice1880
tongue-bleeder1905
1905 Eng. Dial. Dict. VI. 186 Tongue-bleeder.
tongue-bone n. the hyoid bone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of mouth
os hyoides1578
palatines1623
palate bone1688
hyoid bone1763
tongue-bone1841
palatal bone1842
glossohyal1854
palatopterygoid1854
palatal1859
os hyoideum1869
mentomeckelian1871
postpalatal1871
hyoid1872
hyomandibular1873
interhyal1888
splanchnocranium1907
1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 456/1 The body of the tongue-bone is most frequently of a rhomboidal form.
1906 Westm. Gaz. 17 Apr. 10/2 These sounds are produced in a bony cavity formed by an enlargement of the hyoid, or tongue-bone.
† tongue-butt n. [butt n.2] Obsolete a butt or odd corner of land at the end or side of a field.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > enclosed land or field > butt of land or field
tongue-butt1220
1220–51 Cockersand Chartul. (Chetham Soc.) II. i. 450 Et insuper super Waldemurfeld, duas Tunge-buttes quæ jacent ex utraque parte terræ.
tongue-case n. Entomology the part of a pupa-case enclosing the ‘tongue’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > pupa or chrysalis > case or puparium > part enclosing tongue
glossotheca1826
tongue-case1826
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxi. 250 Before from the middle [proceeds] the tongue-case (Glosso-theca) [of pupæ].
1885 H. C. McCook Tenants Old Farm 73 The long, slender object which you mistook for the cord by which a cocoon hangs is a tongue-case.
tongue-chain n. the pole-chain of a vehicle: = team n. 5.
tongue-cheek n. Entomology a side-piece of a moth's mouth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > member of (moth) > parts of > side piece of mouth
tongue-cheek1890
1890 J. P. Ballard Among Moths & Butterflies 108 The deep, rich, velvety side-pieces, or tongue-cheeks.
tongue-coating n.
ΚΠ
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 354 The most important factors in the tongue-coating of fever.
tongue-compressor n. a clamp for retaining the tongue during dental operations.
ΚΠ
1611 B. Jonson Char. Authour in T. Coryate Crudities sig. b3 He is alwaies Tongue-maior of the company.
tongue-curve n. a figure showing position and movement of the tongue in speech, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > [noun] > instruments or diagrams
phthongometer1837
logograph1879
glossograph1883
palate-myograph1884
palatogram1902
tongue-curve1902
kymograph1918
voiceprint1918
vowel diagram1932
kymogram1934
speech stretcher1948
word-palatogram1948
recognizer1949
phonolaryngoscope1953
speech recognizer1953
grid1961
voiceprinter1966
1902 E. W. Scripture Elements Exper. Phonetics 469 Phonograms, palatograms, breath records, tongue curves, etc.
tongue-depressor n. a surgical instrument for depressing the tongue during operations on the mouth or throat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > instrument for depressing tongue
tongue-depressor1872
1872 J. S. Cohen Dis. Throat 6 A tongue-depressor, with a handle which is out of the line of vision, is the proper instrument.
† tongue-evil n. [evil n.1 7] Obsolete a disease of the tongue; in quot. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of mouth > [noun] > disorders of tongue
froga1398
ranula?a1425
tongue-evil1662
agrom1753
frog-tongue1822
glossocele1823
black tongue1833
glossitis1834
glossoplegia1854
strawberry tongue1874
smoker's patch1888
parrot tongue1897
1662 T. I. (title) A Cure for the Tongue-Evill. Or, A Receipt against Vain Oaths.
tongue-fence n. argument, debate.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > [noun]
mootingOE
disputinga1225
mootc1225
sputingc1250
disputisounc1290
arguingc1385
sputisounc1390
debate1393
determinationc1400
luyte1477
disputation1489
dispicion?1510
argumenta1513
plead?a1513
traversing1524
dispicience1531
ruffle1532
debatement1536
argumentationa1538
debating1548
pro et contraa1554
canvassing1565
litigation1567
toil1597
discussion1598
tongue-work1598
agitation1600
canvass1611
fence1637
contestation1638
dispute1638
tongue-fence1643
actitation1661
1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 45 To have her unpleasingnes..bandied up and down, and aggravated in open Court by those hir'd maisters of tongue-fence.
1850 J. S. Blackie in tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas I. Pref. p. xviii Euripides, the great master of tongue-fence.
tongue-fencer n. a debater, skilful disputant.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > [noun] > person engaged in
mooterOE
arguer1377
discusser?1546
canvasser1599
argumentator1635
discursist1645
motionist1650
tongue-fencer1675
argufier1805
discussionist1833
discutant1847
discussant1855
ventilator1891
1675 J. Crowne Countrey Wit ii. 24 The most admirable Tongue-fencer I have heard.
tongue-fish n. the sole: cf. 12; in southern U.S., Aphoristia (Symphurus) plagiusa, a small sole-like fish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > plaice, flounder, or sole
sole1347
floundera1450
plaicec1450
tongue-fish1655
tonguea1825
lemon dab1835
lemon sole1890
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Pleuronectiformes (flat-fish) > [noun] > family Soleidae (soles) > member of genus Solea > solea solea (sole) > of particular size
tongue-fish1655
tonguea1825
slip1881
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 168 Soles or Tongue fishes, are counted the Partridges of the sea.
1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 30 Soles, or Tonguefish, or Sea Capon, or Sea Partridge.
tongue-flower n. see quot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > of Australia
honey flower1799
rengarenga1835
tongue-flower1884
flannel-flower1895
kangaroo paw1902
milkmaids1930
mountain devil1949
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Tongue-flower, Glossula tentacula; Australian [Tongue-flower], the genus Glossodia.
tongue-grafting n. whip or splice grafting, in which a thin wedge-shaped tongue of the scion is fitted into a cleft in the stock.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > [noun] > grafting > whip-grafting
splicing1608
whipping1629
whip-grafting1657
tongue-grafting1710
tonguing1763
splice-grafting1815
1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Tongue Grafting, is a way of Grafting in Roots.
1719 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 7) 183 Tongue or Whip Grafting, is proper for small Stocks, of an Inch, half an Inch, or less Diameter.
1836 N. Paterson Manse Garden i. 103 This is supposed to resemble a tongue, and hence this mode of the operation is called tongue-grafting.
tongue-grass n. name for garden cress ( Lepidium sativum).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > cress
cressa700
town cresseOE
nasturtiumOE
watercressa1400
cresson1657
tongue-grass1726
poor man's pepper1738
mustard and cress1808
fen-cress1818
Para cress1857
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > cress
cressa700
town cresseOE
fen-cressc1000
well-cressOE
nasturtiumOE
watercressc1300
garth-cress?14..
watercress?a1450
women's meadwort?a1450
garden cressa1500
peppergrass?a1500
nosewort1563
nosesmart1589
water-rocket1605
nosewort1608
well grassa1646
cresson1657
water grass1708
tongue-grass1726
poor man's pepper1738
marsh-rocket1739
passerage1879
1726 C. Threlkeld Synopsis Stirpium Hibernicarum G viij Nasturtium Hortense, the Garden Cresses, is..sold by the silly Name of Tongue-grass, and used as a Sallet.
1887 Nicholson's Dict. Gard. Tongue Grass, a common name for Lepidium sativum.
tongue-hero n. a braggart (translating German wortheld).Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1800 S. T. Coleridge tr. F. Schiller Piccolomini iv. vii. 174 I Am no tongue-hero, no fine virtue-prattler.
tongue-holder n. an instrument for holding the tongue during dental operations.
tongue-hound n. [hound n.2 2] one of the ‘hounds’ by which the tongue of a vehicle is braced ( Encycl. Dict. at tongue-support).
tongue-joint n. a joint formed in metal by welding a tongue in one piece into a recess in the other.
tongue-key n. in Exper. Psychol., a reaction-key which is opened or closed by movement of the tongue.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > measurement of mental states > experimental device > [noun] > for tongue reaction
tongue-key1902
1902 J. M. Baldwin Dict. Philos. & Psychol. II. 419/2 The most common form of motor response is the act of pressing a telegrapher's key with the finger or hand. Other forms are with the lip key, tongue key, and mouth or voice key.
tongue-membrane n. = tongue-ribbon n.
tongue-mole n. Heraldry see quot., and cf. hurt n.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > mole
molea1398
honey spot1547
tongue-mole1562
mould1573
molehill1650
witch's teat1654
honey drop?a1800
honey-marka1803
rose-mole1877
witch-pap1886
witch's tit1932
1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory (1597) 87 b These appeare light blewe, and come by some violent strok on men, they are called hurtes, but on women they are commonly called Tongue-molles.
tongue ordeal n. a form of ordeal in which torture is applied to the tongue.
ΚΠ
1921 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics XII. 384/2 Reference to the tongue-ordeal among E. African natives was recently made in the British House of Commons.
tongue-oxen n. (plural) the pair of oxen harnessed to the tongue of a plough, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > working > for ploughing > team of > particular members of
tongue-oxen1851
1851 Harper's Mag. Sept. 518 It would be impossible for the tongue-oxen to resist the pressure of the load.
Categories »
tongue-pipe n. a reed-pipe in an organ or similar instrument.
tongue-ribbon n. the odontophore of a mollusc.
ΚΠ
1874 J. G. Wood Out of Doors 638 Feeding..on little bivalves, which they can assault with their short but strongly armed tongue-ribbon.
† tongue-ripe adj. Obsolete garrulous, loquacious, voluble, glib (of a person or his utterance).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [adjective]
wordyeOE
talewisec1200
i-worded?c1225
babblinga1250
cacklinga1250
chatteringa1250
speakfula1250
word-wooda1250
of many wordsc1350
janglingc1374
tatteringc1380
tongueya1382
ganglinga1398
readya1400
jargaunt1412
talkative1432
open-moutheda1470
clattering1477
trattling?a1513
windy1513
popping1528
smatteringa1529
rattle?1529
communicablea1533
blab1552
gaggling1553
long-tongued?1553
prittle-prattle1556
pattering1558
talking1560
bobling1566
gabbling1566
verbal1572
piet1573
twattling1573
flibber gibber1575
babblative1576
tickle-tongued1577
tattling1581
buzzing1587
long-winded1589
multiloquous1591
discoursive1599
rattling1600
glib1602
flippant1605
talkful1605
nimble-tongued1608
tongue-ripe1610
fliperous1611
garrulous?1611
futile1612
overspeaking1612
feather-tongueda1618
tongue-free1617
long-breatheda1628
well-breathed1635
multiloquious1640
untongue-tied1640
unretentive1650
communicative1651
linguacious1651
glibbed1654
largiloquent1656
multiloquent1656
parlagea1657
loose-clacked1661
nimble-chop1662
twit-twat1665
over-talkativea1667
loquacious1667
loudmouth1668
conversable1673
gash1681
narrative1681
chappy1693
apposite1701
conversative1703
gabbit1710
lubricous1715
gabby?1719
ventose1721
taleful1726
chatty?1741
blethering1759
renable1781
fetch-fire1784
conversational1799
conversant1803
gashing1808
long-lunged1815
talky1815
multi-loquacious1819
prolegomenous1822
talky-talky1831
nimble-mouthed1836
slipper1842
speechful1842
gassy1843
in great force1849
yattering1859
babbly1860
irreticent1864
chattable1867
lubrical1867
chattery1869
loose-mouthed1872
chinny1883
tongue-wagging1885
yappy1909
big-mouthed1914
loose-lipped1919
ear-bashing1945
ear-bending1946
yackety-yacking1953
nattering1959
yacking1959
woofy1960
1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God v. xxvii. 234 Their tongue-ripe Satyrisme may more easily disturbe the truth of this world.
1627 R. Bernard Guide Grand-iury Men ii. ii. 93 They [women] are more tongue-ripe, and lesse able to hide what they know from others.
tongue-scapular n. a scapular on which tongues of red cloth were fastened, worn by the Cistercians as a punishment for evil-speaking ( Funk's Stand. Dict. 1895).
tongue-sewer n. one who stitches the tongues into boots.
tongue-shell n. a brachiopod of the family Lingulidæ.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Brachiopoda > [noun] > family Lingulidae > genus or member of
cerite1811
ungulite1850
tongue-shell1891
1891 Cent. Dict. Tongue-shell.
1895 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 355 Tongue-shells and helmet-shells and lamp-shells.
1905 W. J. Sollas Age of Earth i. 26 The little tongue-shell, Lingula, has endured..from the Cambrian down to the present day.
tongue-shot n. speaking or talking distance, voice-range.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > [noun] > range > earshot
ear reach1605
earshot1607
tongue-shot1656
1656 S. Holland Don Zara ii. vi. 117 Who was no sooner within Tongue-shot of him, but allighting..she made most humble and lowly obeysance.
1860 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth lii She would stand timidly aloof out of tongue-shot.
tongue-slip n. a slip of the tongue.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > [noun] > incorrect speech > slip of the tongue
lapse1526
lapsus linguae1668
a slip of the tongue1725
tripping1894
tongue-slip1913
1913 N.E.D. at Tongue Tongue-slip.
1948 Sunday Pictorial 18 July 5/2 Freud took up this pioneer work and showed how the half-forgotten world of dreams and tongue-slips could be explored.
1978 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 1977 22 179 The penultimate chapter of AM whips through pauses, tongue slips, and other topics in the science of word-botching.
† tongue-sore n. Obsolete figurative evil-speaking; cf. tongue-evil n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > malediction > [noun] > action of using abuse
ribaldyc1300
chiding1340
ribaldrya1400
revile1439
revilingc1475
vituperation1481
vituper1484
tongue-sore1542
oblatration?1552
thundering1564
wording1564
revilement1590
slabbery1596
invective1602
campling1660
bitching1706
slangwhanging1809
name-calling1819
slanging1856
rough tonguing1916
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 22v Imputyng his toungsore, not vnto maliciousnesse: but vnto the defaulte of right knowelage.
tongue-spatula n. = tongue-depressor n. (Knight).
tongue-speaker n. one who speaks with tongues (see sense 8c).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > other practices > [noun] > speaking in tongues > person
tongue-speaker1910
1910 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics III. 370/2 The ‘tongue-speaker’ needed as his complement the ‘interpreter’.
1978 Amer. Speech 53 59 They..associate these utterances with the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, although tongue-speakers differ in their beliefs about the significance of the gift of tongues.
tongue-speaking n. (a) oral as distinct from written communication; (b) speaking with tongues (see sense 8c).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > a language > using or speaking languages > [adjective] > multilingual
polyglot1650
many-languaged1655
pantoglossical1716
polyglottic1801
polyglottal1837
multilingual1838
polylingual1857
polyglottous1861
polyglotted1868
omnilingual1893
tongue-speaking1902
plurilingual1930
a1556 Ld. Morley tr. Massuccio Hist. Emperor Frederic Barbarossa f. 12v Neyther with pen wrytyng nor with tunge spekynge.
1902 Selwyn in Expositor Nov. 391 They continue tongue-speaking, which is such a marked feature of the Holy Apostolic Church.
tongue-speech n. (cf. sense 8c and tongue-speaking n. (b)).
ΚΠ
1921 Hastings's Encycl. Relig. & Ethics III. 371/1 The Pauline notices of tongue-speech are concerned only with the Corinthian Church.
tongue-tack v. (transitive) to put to silence.
ΚΠ
a1699 M. Shields in J. Howie Faithful Contendings Displayed (1780) 218 It..hath tongue-tacked many a valiant hero for Christ in our day.
1727 P. Walker Remarkable Passages (1827) 228 If ever he saw such an Occasion, he should not be tongue-tacked.
1814 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse 100 Till fairly tongue-tack'd wi' a pension.
tongue-tacked adj. (also tongue-tackit) Scottish = tongue-tied adj. (literal and figurative).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > taciturnity or reticence > [adjective]
unspeakinga1382
speechless1390
mutec1400
dumb1406
silenta1425
peaceablec1425
secretc1440
of few wordsa1500
tongue-tied1529
mum1532
closec1540
strait-laced1546
tongue-dumb1556
incommunicable1568
sparing1568
inconversable1577
retentive1599
wordless1604
mumbudget1622
uncommunicable1628
monastica1631
word-bound1644
on (also upon) the reserve1655
strait-mouthed1664
oyster-like1665
incommunicative1670
mumchance1681
speechless1726
taciturnous1727
tongue-tacked1727
monosyllabic1735
silentish1737
untalkative1739
silentious1749
buttoned-up1767
taciturn1771
close as wax1772
untittletattling1779
reticent1825
voiceless1827
say-nothing1838
unremonstrant1841
still1855
unvocal1858
inexpansive186.
short-tongued1864
non-communicating1865
tight-lipped1876
unworded1886
chup1896
tongue-bound1906
shut-mouthed1936
zip-lipped1943
shtum1958
1727 P. Walker Remarkable Passages (1827) 211 That sharp Challenge, which would strike our Mean-spirited Tongue-tacked Ministers dumb.
Categories »
tongue-test n. a test of the existence or strength of an electric current by applying the tongue to a break in the circuit.
tongue-tooth n. one of the teeth of the odontophore of a mollusc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Mollusca > [noun] > mollusc or shell-fish > parts of mollusc
ungulaa1382
mantlea1475
trunk1661
diaphragm1665
lid1681
operculum1681
ear1688
beard1697
corslet1753
scar1793
opercle1808
pleura1826
pallium1834
byssus1835
cephalic ganglia1835–6
opercule1836
lingual ribbon1839
tube1839
cloak1842
test1842
collar1847
testa1847
rachis1851
uncinus1851
land-shell1853
mantle cavity1853
mesopodium1853
propodium1853
radula1853
malacology1854
gill comb1861
pallial cavity1862
tongue-tootha1877
mesopode1877
odontophore1877
pallial chamber1877
shell-gland1877
rasp1879
protopodium1880
ctenidium1883
osphradium1883
shell-sac1883
tooth-ribbon1883
megalaesthete1885
rachidian1900
scungille1953
tentacle-sheath-
a1877 P. P. Carpenter cited in Cent. Dict. for *Tongue-tooth.
tongue traction n. rhythmic traction of the tongue applied in cases of asphyxia.
ΚΠ
1901 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 2) Tongue traction.
1902 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 682/2 The animal recovered after two and a half hours tongue-traction.
tongue-tree n. the pole of a wagon.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole
thillc1325
limber1480
sway1535
neap1553
draught-tree1580
wain-beam1589
beam1600
fills1609
spire1609
foreteam?1611
verge1611
shaft1613
rangy1657
pole1683
thrill1688
trill1688
rod1695
range1702
neb1710
sharp1733
tram1766
carriage pole1767
sill1787
tongue1792
nib1808
dissel-boom1822
tongue-tree1829
reach1869
wain-stang1876
1829 T. Moore Hist. Devon I. iv. i 510 Tongtree, the pole of an ox-cart.
tongue tremor n. a tremor of the tongue used as a diagnostic in neurology.
ΚΠ
1907 Practitioner Apr. 521 Fine lip-tremor and coarse tongue-tremor noted.
tongue-triangle n. see quot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > typhus or typhoid > symptom or effect of
typhomania1657
tongue-triangle1899
1899 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Tongue-triangle, the triangular or wedge-shaped red arch at the tip of a coated tongue seen in typhoid.
tongue-twist v. (intransitive) to twist the tongue; in quot. to prevaricate.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > act evasively [verb (intransitive)]
haft1519
shuffle1565
dodge1575
palter1580
shift1580
hedge1611
boggle1615
subterfuge1622
prevaricatea1625
to shuffle up and down1633
evade1660
sophisticate1664
janka1689
whiffle1737
tongue-twist1836
caffle1851
pussyfoot1902
sidestep1904
spruce1916
to fudge and mudge1980
1836–48 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Clouds ii. i I shall be lost, unless I learn to tongue-twist.
tongue-twist n. a mispronunciation, a provincialism.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > a language > register > [noun] > corrupt language > mispronunciation
tongue-twist1898
spoonerism1900
Spoonerismus1923
1898 Tit-bits 21 May 150/2 These little tongue-twists..are of such small import.
tongue-twister n. one or that which is said to twist the tongue; spec. a sequence of words, often alliterative, difficult to articulate quickly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > [noun] > that which is or can be spoken > difficult to articulate or tongue-twister
goleec1375
gargle1657
shibboleth1658
mouthful1883
tongue-tier1883
tongue-twister1898
1898 Echo 1 July 1/5 Tongue-twisters had..composed a sketch called ‘The Race’.
1904 Speaker 4 June 229/1 The famous tongue-twister, Miss Smith's fish-sauce shop.
tongue-twisting adj. difficult to articulate.
ΚΠ
1949 A. Koestler Insight & Outlook vii. 109 Its name, too, is funny—foreign and tongue-twisting.
1961 E. S. Turner Phoney War viii. 109 Each new campaign brought them a crop of tongue-twisting place names.
tongue-violet n. name for Schweiggeria parviflora (N.O. Violaceæ), an erect Brazilian shrub bearing white stalked violet-shaped flowers in the axils.
ΚΠ
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Schweiggeria, tongue-violet.
tongue-walk v. (transitive) to scold, abuse.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] > scold
chidec1230
ban1340
tongue1388
rate1393
flite14..
rehetec1400
janglec1430
chafec1485
rattle1542
berate1548
quarrel1587
hazen?1608
bequarrel1624
huff1674
shrewa1687
to claw away, off1692
tongue-pad1707
to blow up1710
scold1718
rag1739
redd1776
bullyraga1790
jaw1810
targe1825
haze1829
overhaul1840
tongue-walk1841
trim1882
to call down1883
tongue-lash1887
roar1917
to go off at (a person)1941
chew1948
wrinch2009
1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua Gloss. Tongue Walk v. to abuse or scold. Ex. ‘Pretty well tongue-walked him’.
tongue-walking n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > [noun] > scolding > instance of
Kyrie15..
Kyrie eleison1528
chide1538
wormwood lecture1640
rant1663
scold1726
trimming1763
blowing up1772
set-to1774
set-down1780
ragging1788
scouting1794
hurl?a1800
hearing1816
heckling1832
twisting1834
downsetting1842
going-over1843
shrewing1847
call1862
tongue-lashing1881
tongue-walking1888
telling-off1893
rousting1900
lumps1935
fourpenny one1936
rucking1958
1888 Illustr. London News Christmas No. 3/2 Give him a tongue-walking. I would.
tongue-work n. (a) work in ‘the tongues’, philological labour; (b) debate, discussion, dispute; (c) chatter, gossip, babble.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > [noun]
tongue-work1598
glossology1716
philology1716
linguistry1794
logonomy1803
logology1820
linguistic1825
linguistic science1825
linguistics1837
glottology1841
linguistic analysis1848
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > [noun]
mootingOE
disputinga1225
mootc1225
sputingc1250
disputisounc1290
arguingc1385
sputisounc1390
debate1393
determinationc1400
luyte1477
disputation1489
dispicion?1510
argumenta1513
plead?a1513
traversing1524
dispicience1531
ruffle1532
debatement1536
argumentationa1538
debating1548
pro et contraa1554
canvassing1565
litigation1567
toil1597
discussion1598
tongue-work1598
agitation1600
canvass1611
fence1637
contestation1638
dispute1638
tongue-fence1643
actitation1661
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [noun] > chatter
chirma800
clappingc1386
glavera1400
clapa1420
clackc1440
blabc1460
clattera1500
babble?a1525
babblery1532
pratery1533
clitter-clatter1535
by-talk?1551
prattle1555
prittle-prattle1556
twittle-twattle1565
cacquet1567
prate?1574
prattlement1579
babblement1595
gibble-gabble1600
gabble1602
twattlea1639
tolutiloquence1656
pratement1657
gaggle1668
leden1674
cackle1676
twit-twat1677
clash1685
chit-chat1710
chatter-chitter1711
chitter-chatter1712
palavering1732
hubble-bubble1735
palaver1748
rattle1748
gum1751
mag1778
gabber1780
gammon1781
gash1787
chattery1789
gabber1792
whitter-whatter1805
yabble1808
clacket1812
talky-talky1812
potter1818
yatter1827
blue streak1830
gabblement1831
psilologya1834
chin-music1834
patter1841
jaw1842
chatter1851
brabble1861
tongue-work1866
yacker1882
talkee1885
chelp1891
chattermag1895
whitter1897
burble1898
yap1907
clatfart1913
jive1928
logorrhœa1935
waffle1937
yackety-yacking1953
yack1958
yackety-yack1958
motormouth1976
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes His labours..which..he may as iustly stand vpon in this toong-work, as in Latin Sir Thomas Eliot, Bishop Cooper, and after them Thomas Thomas, and Iohn Rider.
a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 137 Seek then some other Law-courts..: tongue-work there may fill thy purse.
1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt II. xx. 78 If a man takes to tongue-work it's all over with him.
a1899 R. Wallace Life & Last Leaves (1903) 6 I have done a considerable amount of penwork and tongue-work.
tongue-worm n. †(a) disease of the tongue (figurative); cf. tongue-evil n.; (b) a tongue-shaped parasite which becomes adult in the nasal fossæ and frontal sinuses of the dog or wolf; a pentastom; (c) the ‘worm’ of the tongue in dogs; = lytta n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > malediction > [noun] > profane language
swarec1200
shit-wordc1275
words of villainya1300
filtha1400
reveriec1425
bawdry1589
scurrility1589
bawdy1622
tongue-worm1645
borborology1647
Billingsgatry1673
double entendre1673
smut1698
blackguardism1756
slang1805
epithet1818
dirty word1842
French1845
language1855
bad languagec1863
bestiality1879
swear-word1883
damson-tart1887
comminative1888
double entente1895
curse-word1897
bang-words1906
soldier's farewell1909
strong languagea1910
dirty story1912
dirty joke1913
bullocky1916
shitticism1936
Anglo-Saxonism1944
sweary1994
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Linguatulida or Pentastomata > genus Pentastomum > member of
pentastome1890
tongue-worm1896
1645 J. Ussher Body of Divin. (1647) 359 Those tongue-wormes of swearing, blasphemy, and unreverent speaking of God.
1896 Yearbk. U.S. Dept. Agric. 161 The Tongue worm is found encysted in the viscera of cattle, sheep, and other animals. It is about a quarter of an inch long, and when eaten by dogs grows to be 2 to 5 inches long.

Derivatives

tongue-like adj.
ΚΠ
1831 On Planting (Libr. Useful Knowl.) iii. 31 The scion [should be] split..so as to form the two divisions into tongue-like processes.

Draft additions January 2005

tongue ring n. a small ornamental bar worn through a pierced tongue.
ΚΠ
1990 Seattle Times 26 July d1/1 Komar and Melamid reveal the esteem-building possible through a tongue ring (every word a pearl).
2002 U.S. News & World Rep. 17 June 50/2 April Barrett has lost her tongue ring. She has 12 hours to replace it before the hole closes.

Draft additions January 2005

tongue stud n. a small ornamental stud or bar worn through a pierced tongue.
ΚΠ
1992 Colorado Springs Gaz. Tel. 16 Feb. d2/1 Some of the great issues of the day: purple hair, tongue studs, other weird jewelry, oddly placed tattoos and the relative virtues of height, weight and shaven heads.
2001 C. Glazebrook Madolescents 293 Omigawd, it's Danny O'Hara! He of the tongue stud and shamrocked neck.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tonguev.

Brit. /tʌŋ/, U.S. /təŋ/
Etymology: < tongue n.
1. transitive. To assail with words; to reproach, scold; to discuss or talk about injuriously. In quot. 1388, to drive out by talking against.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] > scold
chidec1230
ban1340
tongue1388
rate1393
flite14..
rehetec1400
janglec1430
chafec1485
rattle1542
berate1548
quarrel1587
hazen?1608
bequarrel1624
huff1674
shrewa1687
to claw away, off1692
tongue-pad1707
to blow up1710
scold1718
rag1739
redd1776
bullyraga1790
jaw1810
targe1825
haze1829
overhaul1840
tongue-walk1841
trim1882
to call down1883
tongue-lash1887
roar1917
to go off at (a person)1941
chew1948
wrinch2009
1388 in Wyclif's Sel. Wks. III. 493 If ony of þese curatus were trewe aungelis of God,..þai myȝtten sone be tongide out of court.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iv. 24 But that her tender shame Will not proclaime against her maiden losse, How might she tongue me? View more context for this quotation
1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi ii. App. 70/1 Sir William was very hardly Handled (or Tongued at least), in the Liberty which People took to make most..injurious Reflections upon his Conduct.
1872 H. Cowles in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1874) IV. 413 He that tongueth his neighbour secretly.
1901 Dundee Advertiser 14 Feb. 2 She met him in Small's Wynd, and ‘tongued’ him.
2.
a. intransitive. To use the tongue, talk, speak; esp. to talk volubly, to prate. (Chiefly tongue it.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > be talkative [verb (intransitive)] > talk excessively or chatter
chavel?c1225
babblea1250
chattera1250
clacka1250
janglea1300
ganglec1300
clapc1315
mumblec1350
blabberc1375
carp1377
tatterc1380
garre1382
rattlec1400
clatter1401
chimec1405
gabc1405
pattera1450
smattera1450
languetc1450
pratec1460
chat1483
jabber1499
clittera1529
cackle1530
prattle1532
blatter1533
blab1535
to run on pattens1546
tattle1547
prittle-prattlea1555
trattlea1555
tittle-tattle1556
quiddlea1566
brabble1570
clicket1570
twattle1573
gabble1574
prittle1583
to like to hear oneself speak, talk1597
to word it1612
deblaterate1623
tongue1624
twitter1630
snatter1647
oversay1656
whiffle1706
to gallop away1711
splutter1728
gob1770
gibble-gabble1775
palaver1781
to talk (etc.) nineteen to the dozen1785
gammon1789
witter1808
yabble1808
yaff1808
mag1810
chelp1820
tongue-pad1825
yatter1825
potter1826
chipper1829
jaw-jaw1831
buzz1832
to shoot off one's mouth1864
yawp1872
blate1878
chin1884
yap1888
spiel1894
to talk (also lie, swear, etc.) a blue streak1895
to run off at the mouth1908
chattermag1909
clatfart1913
to talk a streak1915
to run one's mouth1916
natter1942
ear-bash1944
rabbit1950
yack1950
yacker1961
to eat parrot head (also bottom)1965
yacket1969
to twat on1996
1624 Gd. News fr. N. Eng. in Story Pilgr. Fathers (Arb.) 571 Shewing how base and womanlike he was, in tonguing it, as he did.
1679 J. Dryden Troilus & Cressida Pref. sig. bv He shall tongue it as impetuously, and as loudly as the errantest Hero in the Play.
1885 W. B. Forfar Cornish Poems 19 The more they parley voo'd, the more Our maidens tongue'd away.
1898 Tit-bits 21 May 150/2 [When] they tumble across a person who ‘tongues’ it different to them, they grimly smile.
b. Of a hound: To give tongue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [verb (intransitive)] > make sound
openc1425
cry1486
yearn1523
chant1573
babble1575
to lead chawle1589
to spend the mouth1590
spend1602
to give tongue1737
to throw (its) tongue1742
speak1826
tongue1832
to give mouth1854
1832 [implied in: J. P. Kennedy Swallow Barn xli The tonguing of this dog was followed by the quick yelping of four or five others. (at tonguing n. a)].
1885 Househ. Words 20 June 142/2 ‘What's thee tonguing like that for, Dick?’..‘What's amiss?’
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Tongy I yeard the hounds tongy, and tho I zeed the fox gwain on under the hedge.
c. Music. To move the tongue when playing a woodwind instrument so as to interrupt the air flow briefly. Also transitive, to produce (a note) repeatedly interrupted in this way. Cf. tonguing n. a.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > play wind instrument [verb (intransitive)] > tongue
tongue1936
triple-tongue1951
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > play wind instrument [verb (transitive)] > tongue
tongue1936
1936 F. B. Chapman Flute Technique iv. 18 The student must..ultimately aim at producing notes by multiple tonguing..: he should..be able to tongue them continuously and quite clearly at the rate of nine or ten to the second.
1953 E. Rothwell Oboe Technique iii. 30 To ‘tongue’ a note pronounce the consonant ‘T’ with your tongue on the reed.
1977 Early Music 5 343/1 Do not tongue too much or you may dislodge the reed from its staple.
3. transitive. To utter or turn over with the tongue; to say; also, to pronounce, articulate (dialect).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)]
speakc825
queatheOE
forthdoc900
i-seggenc900
sayeOE
speak971
meleOE
quidOE
spella1000
forthbringc1000
givec1175
warpa1225
mootc1225
i-schirea1250
upbringa1250
outsay?c1250
spilec1275
talec1275
wisea1300
crackc1315
nevena1325
cast1330
rehearsec1330
roundc1330
spend1362
carpa1375
sermona1382
to speak outc1384
usea1387
minc1390
pronouncea1393
lancec1400
mellc1400
nurnc1400
slingc1400
tellc1400
wordc1400
yelpc1400
worka1425
utterc1444
outspeakc1449
yielda1450
arecchec1460
roose?a1475
cutc1525
to come forth with1532
bubble1536
prolate1542
report1548
prolocute1570
bespeak1579
wield1581
upbraid1587
up with (also mid) ——1594
name1595
upbrayc1600
discoursea1616
tonguea1616
to bring out1665
voice1665
emit1753
lip1789
to out with1802
pitch1811
go1836
to open one's head1843
vocabulize1861
shoot1915
verbal1920
be1982
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > discuss (a topic)
talka1387
rolla1413
descant?1532
to speak to ——1610
to speak unto ——1639
to go into ——1697
cuff1746
to speak on ——1819
tongue1841
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) v. v. 240 'Tis still a Dreame; or else such stuffe as Madmen tongue, and braine not. View more context for this quotation
1841 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) VI. 12 He took up the phrase, and tongued it over in his damning way.
1861 O. W. Holmes Elsie Venner I. vii. 117 The Colonel raged..and tongued a few anathemas inside of his shut teeth.
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby ‘I can't tongue 't’, cannot say the word.
4.
a. To touch with the tongue; also, to lick up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > touch and feeling > touching > touching with mouth or tongue > touch with mouth or tongue [verb (transitive)] > touch with tongue
tongue1687
1687 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 247.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew at Velvet
1837 S. B. Harper in Fraser's Mag. XVI. 191 An icy shudder shook me through—it stuck there, As you'd tongued iron on a December morn.
1888 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Young Mistley II. vi. 76 Fairy [a horse]..gently tongued the bit.
1894 S. Baring-Gould Kitty Alone II. 149 The fire..was tonguing up the heap, sending the tips of its flames tastingly towards him.
b. To push out or distend with the tongue. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > protuberance or rounded projection > make protuberant [verb (transitive)] > the cheek with the tongue
tongue1768
1768 Woman of Honor I. 160 Exposing him..by winking with one eye, and tonguing out his cheek.
5. intransitive. To project as a protruding tongue; to throw out tongues (of flame).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > become fire [verb (intransitive)] > blaze or flame > flame in specific shape
to stand upc1300
spire1591
tongue1814
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > sharp unevenness > project as sharp prominence [verb (intransitive)]
beaka1549
point1612
tongue1856
pierce1872
spike1958
1814 [see tonguing adj. at Derivatives].
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxiii. 282 Old ices bulge and tongue out below.
1859 D. Masson Brit. Novelists iv. 303 Scattered through all, is the fiercer element of Fire, here tonguing over the earth wherever it may be kindled, there flashing through the ether.
1871 G. Meredith Harry Richmond I. xi. 182 It really did look as if they [sc. the firemen] were engaged in slaying an enormous dragon, that hissed and tongued at them.
1942 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 936. 374 In places a thick shale lens lies within, or tongues into, an ore-bearing sandstone lens.
1973 Nature 2 Mar. 41/2 The patch reef, 13 m long and over 2 m high, tongues out to the west.
1980 D. Creed Scarab iii. xix. 183 A low spit of land tongued out into the shallow water.
6. transitive. To furnish with a tongue (literal or figurative).[In this sense perhaps a back-formation from tongued adj. ].
a. To give a speaking tongue or utterance to.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > provide with power of speech
tongue1807
vocalize1858
1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. K Yes yes, true chastity is tongu'd so weake, Tis ouer-come ere it know how to speake.
1807 J. Barlow Columbiad viii. 298 What avails..To tongue mute misery, and re-rack the soul With crimes oft copied from that bloody scroll..?
1838 S. Bellamy Betrayal iii. 102 This Nazarene..hath tongued With a strange speech this talking world of ours.
b. (a) To cut a tongue on (a plank, etc.). (b) To slit or shape a tongue in (a plant-stem or shoot) for grafting or layering.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > cut or furnish with tongue or groove
mortise1703
tongue1733
tenor1747
tenon1770
chase1823
relish1865
plough1866
cross-tongue1901
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > propagate [verb (transitive)] > a cutting: graft > shape tongue for grafting
tongue1733
1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming 101 Make a Groove in each Plank, and put in a Slip of Wood, like a Lath, which the Carpenters call Tongueing it.
1766 Compl. Farmer at Layer Cut a slit upwards at a joint, as is practised in laying of carnations, which, by gardeners, is called tonguing the layers.
1824 J. C. Loudon Green-house Compan. i. 229 Let neither stock nor scion be tongued, but apply the scion to the stock..so that their barks on both edges and below may join.
1908 Daily Chron. 13 Nov. 6/5 Each length of maple..is tongued and grooved both at the side and ends.
c. To join or fit together by means of a tongue and groove or tongue and socket.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > join > with specific joint or method
mortisea1450
culver-tail1616
scarf1627
tenon1652
dovetail1657
cock1663
shoot?1677
knee1711
indent1741
mitre1753
halve1804
box1815
tongue1823
sypher1841
cog1858
butt joint1859
jag1894
lap-join1968
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 163 The sections of two pieces of stuff, grooved and tongued together.
1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage iv. 55 Some convenient anchorage..where we could fish or tongue the foremast.
1862 J. Hollingshead Conc. Hist. Internat. Exhib. vi, in Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. I. 26 The gallery floor..was closely boarded and tongued, to prevent the passage of dust.
d. To furnish with a tongue-like projection.
ΚΠ
1900 Westm. Gaz. 6 July 5/2 Great curling clouds of black smoke, tongued with red and yellow where the light from the fire struck it.

Derivatives

ˈtonguing adj. (in quot. 1814, throwing out tongues).
ΚΠ
1814 Apostate iv. iv, in New Brit. Theatre III. 336 The sense of guilt, With keener agony than tonguing flames Lick to the bone.

Draft additions 1993

c. To kiss with the tongue; = French kiss v. slang.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [verb (transitive)] > kiss with the tongue
tongue1922
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. viii. [Lestrygonians] 168 Hot I tongued her. She kissed me. I was kissed.
1977 J. Crosby Company of Friends xiv. 100 She did..all the physical chores, kissing him, tonguing him,..caressing him.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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