| 单词 | to turn up |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto turn up to turn up 1. a. transitive. To direct or bend (something, esp. a part of the body) upwards. Also figurative. Cf. main sense 8. to turn up one's nose: to incline one's face upwards so that the nose is raised, often as a contemptuous gesture (frequently in figurative use: see to turn up one's nose (at) at nose n. Phrases 1c(b)).to turn up one's toes: see toe n. 5j. to turn up one's heels: see heel n.1 and int. Phrases 2c(a). to turn up a person's heels: see heel n.1 and int. Phrases 2c(b). to turn up the whites of one's eyes: see white adj. and n. Phrases 4a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > specific directions > direct in specific directions [verb (transitive)] > direct or turn upwards to turn up?c1335 arrecta1529 upturn1667 spire1839 the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [verb (transitive)] > upwards to turn up?c1335 ?c1335 (a1300) Land of Cokaygne l. 136 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 148 Whan þe abbot him iseeþ Þat is monkes fram him fleeþ, He takeþ [a] maidin of þe route And turniþ vp hir white toute And betiþ þe taburs wiþ is hond, To make is monkes liȝt to lond. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. xxvi. 677 Many ryuer fysshes may noȝt taste saltnesse of þe see, for ȝif he caccheþ [emended in ed. to tasteþ] salt water he deieþ sodeyneliche, and turneþ vp þe wombe. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 1464 (MED) Whan Thelamoun herkned had his tale..from his face avalid was þe blood..With lok askoyn, & tornyd vp þe white [of the eyes], Of hiȝe disdeyn. ?1510 T. More tr. G. F. Pico della Mirandola Lyfe I. Picus sig. b.v He exhorted them to turne vp their myndes to loue god. 1607 E. Sharpham Fleire (1610) v. H ij A Puritane [damn'd] for saying Grace without turning vp the white of his eyes. 1682 New-years-gift for Towzer 3 He is given to play too much of one Tune Forty One which he squeeks out with a hideous noyse and turning up his nose like a Bull after he has smell to the tayle of a Cow. 1779 F. Burney Let. 20 Oct. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) III. 393 Mr. Thrale..turned up his Nose with an expression of contempt. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose Introd., in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 136 The right side of his head a little turned up, the better to catch..the clergyman's voice. 1831 Lancet 5 Mar. 744/2 A flexible splint... This may be turned up at the end. 1957 L. Durrell Justine iii. 168 A flame-swallower with his face turned up to the sky, spouting a column of flame from his mouth. 1992 C. Tóibín Heather Blazing (1993) xi. 144 She squirmed and turned up her nose and smiled and said that she was glad she was in the hospital and not having to smell the mussels. b. intransitive. To bend or point upwards; to have an upward direction. Also figurative. Cf. main sense 8c(b). ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > specific directions > have specific directions [verb (intransitive)] > have upward direction to go upOE to turn up1608 the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [verb (intransitive)] > upwards upbendc1440 to turn up1608 the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (intransitive)] forthwaxa900 wax971 growOE risec1175 anhigh1340 upwax1340 creasec1380 increasec1380 accreasea1382 augmenta1400 greata1400 mountc1400 morec1425 upgrowc1430 to run up1447 swell?c1450 add1533 accresce1535 gross1548 to get (a) head1577 amount1583 bolla1586 accrue1586 improve1638 aggrandize1647 accumulate1757 raise1761 heighten1803 replenish1814 to turn up1974 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 117 The tayle is very long, at the end and turning vp like a Vipers tayle. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 245. ⁋2 Nose very broad at bottom, and turning up at the end. 1827 M. Faraday Chem. Manip. xvi. 410 The apparatus delivering gas should always be made to turn up at the end. 1974 Nature 22 Feb. 514/2 Lillie presented preliminary evidence that the zodiacal light spectrum turns up below 2,500 Å. 1977 Evening Post (Nottingham) 27 Jan. 4/5 The rate of inflation has turned up again and we must expect to see some further deterioration in the next few months. 2015 C. Camp Pleasured 364 The land comes down as it goes along and the path turns up a bit, so that it actually comes out atop the cliff. 2. a. transitive. To turn (something) upside down, invert (esp. in order to examine what is beneath); also in figurative contexts. Formerly also: †to overthrow, demolish; figurative to upset, throw into disorder (obsolete). Cf. main sense 9. Now chiefly U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inversion > invert [verb (transitive)] to-wendc893 whelvec1000 to turn down?c1335 to turn up?c1335 whelmc1340 overturna1382 to turn overa1400 wholve14.. inverse?a1425 reverse?a1425 overwhelvec1450 overvolvea1522 transverse1557 evert1566 topsy-turn1573 topsy-turve1603 invert1610 upturn1610 whave1611 topsy-turvy1626 whemmel1684 cant1850 upend1868 flip-flop1924 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break down, demolish, or ruin spillc950 fellOE to cast downc1230 destroy1297 to turn up?c1335 to throw down1340 to ding downc1380 to break downa1382 subverta1382 underturn1382 to take downc1384 falla1400 to make (a building, etc.) plain (with the earth)a1400 voida1400 brittenc1400 to burst downc1440 to pull downc1450 pluck1481 tumble1487 wreck1510 defacea1513 confound1523 raze1523 arase1530 to beat downc1540 ruinate1548 demolish1560 plane1562 to shovel down1563 race?1567 ruin1585 rape1597 unwall1598 to bluster down16.. raise1603 level1614 debolish1615 unbuilda1616 to make smooth work of1616 slight1640 to knock down1776 squabash1822 collapse1883 to turn over1897 mash1924 rubble1945 to take apart1978 ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 128 Turne him uppe, turne him doune, þi swete lemman: Ouer al þou findist him blodi oþer wan. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 673 (MED) What es man in shap bot a tre Turned up þat es doun..Of whilk þe rotes þat of it springes, Er þe hares þat on þe heved hynges. c1475 (a1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 307 (MED) Ȝif heere loue be ficchid on worldliche þingis more þen on heuenliche þingis, þe rote is turned up, and þei ben drye, wiþoute fruyt. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxxxvijv No doubt, but kyng Charles, and the whole publique wealthe of Fraunce, had been turned vp, and cleane ouerthrowen. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades iv. 71 You should haue seene them [the walls of Thebes] torne, & turned vp from the rout. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. v. 27 Turn these tables vp . View more context for this quotation 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 58 in Sylva Turn up your Bee-hives, and sprinkle them. 1843 E. Miall in Nonconformist 3 209 Men who turn up words that they may see the ideas that lie under them. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) vii. 59 The chairs are turned up heads and tails along the walls. 2007 A. L. Kane Cost of Living 151 The bus boys were beginning to scrub down tables and turn up the chairs. b. transitive. To turn (a playing card) face upwards; esp. to do this in dealing to determine the trump suit. Cf. turn-up n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics to hold up?1499 decardc1555 to turn up1580 discard1591 pulla1625 to sit out1659 face1674 to make out1680 to lay out1687 to throw away1707 lead1739 weaken1742 carry1744 to take in1744 force1746 to show down1768 throw1866 blank1884 block1884 cover1885 unblock1885 pitch1890 1580 S. Bird Friendlie Dialogue betweene Paule & Demas sig. G.v If the ace of hearts be turned vp, when he that is to make, maketh this for it, then doth a meruailous controuersie arise, whether he that turneth it vp should win the set, or he that winneth fiue tricks. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. iii. 2 The most coldest that euer turn'd vp Ace. View more context for this quotation 1709 Brit. Apollo 25–27 May D...turns up the last Card for Trump. 1891 Field 28 Nov. 842/3 The card turned up by the second hand is the king. 2005 Online Gambler No. 3. 26/1 Once you're decided, the dealer turns up the second and final community card and, if you've successfully made a poker hand, calculates how much you've won. 3. intransitive. To turn aside and go up; (of a person) to make one's way up. Cf. main sense 15. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > rise or go up [verb (intransitive)] > make one's way up to turn upa1375 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] > travel in upward direction to turn upa1375 ascend1382 mount1440 hilla1552 upturn1818 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2907 Sche went..to þe castel, & turned vp to þe heiȝest tour. a1450 York Plays (1885) 47 (MED) Trowes þou þat I wol leue þe harde lande And tourne vp here on toure deraye? c1500 (a1473) Syon Additions Sisters (Arundel) in J. Hogg Rewyll Seynt Sauioure (1980) IV. xxv. 123 Alle seruyse ended..they schal echone turne vp into ther stalles, and say..knelynge fyftene Aues. 1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xvi. 115 I turned up to a sorry kind of an inn. 1844 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 635/2 That part which was called by the Wenzels glomus, where the choroid plexus turns up from the inferior cornu into the horizontal portion of the lateral ventricle [of the brain]. 1993 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Amer. 4 Apr. a12 So we just went off and turned up towards Burger King and kept going towards home. 4. a. transitive. To turn (soil, etc.) so as to bring up the underparts to the surface by digging or ploughing, or (of an animal) with the snout or paws; to dig or plough up (a feature such as a path or ridge). Also: to bring (something buried) to the surface by digging, ploughing, etc. Cf. main sense 10b. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > break up land [verb (transitive)] > turn over turnc1425 to turn up1523 trench1573 to turn over1580 whelm1652 invert1712 the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > finding or discovery > find or discover [verb (transitive)] > find by other specific means to look out?1496 to turn up1523 to bolt out1553 quafer1694 peep1819 poke-out1874 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xxv. f. 44 With a Carte a wayne or a sleyde cary awaye therthe that the ploughe tourneth vp. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes sig. Ssss.iiv They do wickedly, whiche doe turne vp the auncient terries of the fieldes. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 44 Take heede of Swyne, that spoyle and turne vp the grounde ilfauouredly. a1609 J. Dennys Secrets of Angling (1613) ii. xlvii. sig. D2v Yealow bobs turnd vp before the Plough. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 213 The vast..Abyss Outrageous as a Sea,..Up from the bottom turn'd by furious windes. View more context for this quotation 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 226 The neck is furnished with very strong muscles, which enable it the readier to turn up the sand. 1833 J. Davidson Brit. & Rom. Remains Axminster 27 A man digging a hole for a gate-post,..turned up a golden ornament. 1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 ii. 116 Turn up the earth with a trowel. 1967 Boys' Life Feb. 41/2 Here my plow turned up the roots of fern, sawbriar and white knotty lumps of greenbriar roots. 2006 Hays (Kansas) Daily News 26 Apr. a3/2 Residents were giddy as each new round of the rototiller turned up fresh soil. b. intransitive. With specifying phrase or complement. Of soil: to have a specified consistency as the result of ploughing. ΚΠ 1726 J. Laurence New Syst. Agric. i. iv. 43 In some Places where the Land turns up with great Clots, they make Use of the Harrow to break them. 1855 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 16 i. 176 Such soils turn up as a fine mould. 1855 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 16 i. 197 The soil..will turn up raw and stubborn. 1933 M. J. Edwards & J. K. Ableiter Soil Surv. Morton County, N. Dakota (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Chemistry & Soils No. 28) (1951) 95 If plowed when too dry, the soil turns up in large chunks that are difficult to work into a satisfactory seedbed unless it is plowed in the fall and allowed to slake or crumble during the winter. 1983 Trans. Amer. Soc. Agric. Engineers Mar.–Apr. 445/1 Farmers refer to the plow ‘scouring’ so soil does not stick to the moldboard, if the soil moisture level is satisfactory; or they say this soil is turning up ‘slick’, if it is too wet. 5. a. transitive. To fold or bend up (the projecting part or border of something, such as a collar or hat brim). Frequently in past participle.In quot. 1707: to have (a part) bent or directed upwards. ΚΠ ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxviiv Ley a clene wasshen shete vpon the stole and than holde the small ende of the hyue downwarde & shake the bees in to the hyue and shortly set it vpon the stole and tourne vp the corners of the shete ouer the hyue. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. vjv Bootes with pykes turned vp. 1623 W. Gouge Serm. Extent God's Provid. §15 A red cap, over a white linnen one turned up about the brimmes. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 259 A sort of Duck that turns up the Bill more than the common kind. 1888 ‘S. Tytler’ Blackhall Ghosts II. xv. 12 He even..turned up the collar of his morning coat. 1960 C. W. Cunnington et al. Dict. Eng. Costume 185/1 Rubens hat.., a hat with a high crown and brim turned up on one side. 2014 T. C. Boyle in New Yorker 17 Mar. 60/1 My best friend, Zach Rolands,..turned up his shirt collars and wore his hair in a..pompadour. b. (a) transitive. In past participle: (of a garment) having the border turned or folded over and covered with some ornamental material. Now chiefly historical. ΚΠ 1538 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 72 My mariage gowne of russet damaske, with the sleves turneupe [perhaps read turnedupe] with russet velvet. 1714 London Gaz. No. 5270/7 A..Cap of Crimson Velvet, turn'd up with Ermine. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 749/1 A green blouse turned up with red. 1955 Jefferson City (Missouri) Post-Tribune 30 Aug. 3/2 The ensemble's predominance is a cue to the new elegance, often turned up with fur inside or out. 2007 M. Hayward Dress at Court King Henry VIII (2017) xi. 205/2 Black damask for a gown turned up with the same damask. (b) transitive. To fold over (a garment or part of one) so as to shorten it; to shorten (a garment or part of one) by increasing the width of the hem or by making a hem. Also: to increase the width of (a hem). Formerly also: †to fold or pull up the garments of (a person) for the purpose of a beating (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > alter to turn upa1586 tuck1626 to let out1791 fashionize1824 to piece down1863 to make down1877 to let down1890 to take up1902 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > adjust or arrange > turn or fold over, back, up, or down tuckc1440 tirve1482 to turn upa1586 to turn back1683 to turn down1841 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. i. f. 88 My well-waiting eyes espied my treasure, With sleeues turnde vp, loose haire, and brest enlarged. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 375 They turn up their sleeves above the Elbow. 1764 J. Gill Expos. Old Test. II. 376/2 Which seems to account for the reason of her uncovering his feet, or turning up the skirt of his garment that was upon them. 1807 London Rev. Dec. 489/1 He swore if she repeated her injurious practice, he would lay her on his knee, turn her up, and whip her; and this, from the additional provocation of her calling him a baboon, he actually did, in the presence of several persons of both sexes. 1843 C. E. Beecher Treat. on Domest. Econ. (rev. ed.) xxx. 329 Nice flannel, for infants, can be ornamented, with very little expense of time, by turning up the hem, on the right side, and making a little vine at the edge, with saddler's silk. 1896 A. J. C. Hare Story of my Life I. ii. 136 If any of the children behaved ill during the service, they were turned up and soundly whipped then and there. 1918 E. Wallbank & M. Wallbank Dress Cutting & Making xiv. 89 To turn up the skirt to the required length, a skirt gauge..may be used. 1958 M. Johnson Sewing the Easy Way (1960) 127 Turn up the hem, matching seam upon seam. 1976 J. Tate tr. A. Bodelsen Operation Cobra xi. 54 Margrethe had borrowed a skirt from her mother and was busy turning it up. 2006 F. Kiernan & G. Hemphill Still Game: Scripts I. ii. 56 (stage direct.) Winston is dressed for the summer—trousers turned up, Jesus sandals, open-necked short-sleeved shirt. c. transitive. Bookbinding. To flatten the back of (a book, its spine, or its fore-edge) with trindles (see trindle n. 4), in preparation for cutting the fore-edge. ΚΠ 1835 [implied in: ‘J. A. Arnett’ Bibliopegia 208 Turning up, an operation of flattening the back previous to putting the book in the press to cut the fore-edge, whereby a groove is formed on the edge, when the back resumes its circular form.]. 1890 J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding (ed. 2) xv. 64 He must leave the boards loose, cut the head and tail, then draw the boards in, and turn up and cut the foredge. 1981 New Bookbinder 1 65/1 Further considerations: It is normally satisfactory for brace width to be set so that, with the spine turned-up, the flanges act only on the width of the backing shoulders... The amount of swell used in the bracing alters the amount of gradient imposed..in much the same way, but in a more controlled manner, as does proximity of the tight textblock strap to the spine, when using trindles. 6. a. transitive. To give up, renounce, abandon, cast off, discard (an associate). Now rare (slang in later use). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] to let awaya1000 forcast?c1225 to lay downc1275 forthrow1340 flita1375 removea1382 to cast away1382 understrewc1384 castc1390 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1440 slingc1440 warpiss1444 to lay from, offc1480 way-put1496 depose1526 to lay apart1526 to put off1526 to set apart1530 to turn up1541 abandonate?1561 devest1566 dispatch1569 decarta1572 discard1578 to make away1580 to fling away1587 to cast off1597 doff1599 cashier1603 to set by1603 moult1604 excuss1607 retorta1616 divest1639 deposit1646 disentail1667 dismiss1675 slough1845 shed1856 jettison1869 shake1872 offload1900 junk1911 dump1919 sluff1934 bin1940 to put down1944 shitcan1973 1541 ‘J. Sawtry’ Def. Mariage Preistes sig. Bviv What plesure it is to haue so miche change of whores, that when they be weary of one, thei may turne hir vp & take another. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. iv. ii. i. 765 He..married wiues, and turned them vp as he thought fit. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xii. 1) 101 Many follow God..as a dog doth his master, till he meet with carrion; and then turn him up. 1789 G. Parker Life's Painter xv. 171 Now another drop genius is planted upon you, to turn you up, as they call it. 1830 P. Egan Finish Adventures Tom, Jerry, & Logic ix. 253 The judgment of Tom often proved incorrect, and he was frequently compelled to turn-up his street acquaintances. 1923 E. Gepp Essex Dial. Dict. (ed. 2) 118 They took all she had, and then turned her up, pore owd dear. 1930 J. Lait Put on Spot xvii. 132 Goldie would have turned him up at the slightest rebellion. b. transitive. slang (chiefly British). To give up, abandon (an activity). Formerly also intransitive: †to throw up or abandon one's work, to give up (obsolete). Now only in imperative as turn it up: used as a warning to desist, esp. from objectionable talk; ‘shut up’, ‘come off it’. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (intransitive)] > vacate an office or position > resign resign1395 resignate1531 to go out1642 to lay down1682 to swear off1698 to turn up1819 to pull the pin1860 to send in one's papers1872 to step down1890 to snatch it or one's time1941 the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)] > leave off! or stop it! to do waya1325 stay1601 go and eat coke1669 to leave off1785 whoa1838 drop it!1843 cut1859 turn it up1867 to come off ——1896 to chuck it1901 knock it off!1902 cut it out1903 nix1903 break it down1941 to shove it1941 leave it out!1969 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. at Turn up To desist from, or relinquish, any particular habit or mode of life, or the further pursuit of any object you had in view, is called turning it up. 1867 Era 20 Oct. 6/4 Mr Vance, in the character of the ‘Chickaleary Bloke’, called the gentleman in the gallery a ‘yob’, and..advised him to ‘turn it up’. 1887 Punch 30 July 45/2 Let us turn up this barney, and toddle ashore for some grub. 1904 A. Griffiths Fifty Years Public Service xiii. 173 Smith..‘turned up’ one day, in other words refused to labour on the works. 1925 E. Jervis Twenty-five Years in Six Prisons i. 22 He has done twenty-five years in prison. But five or six years ago he ‘turned the game up’. 1945 J. B. Priestley Three Men in New Suits i. 6 Turn it up, will you... You're arguing with yourself. 1991 J. Sullivan Only Fools & Horses (2000) II. 7th Ser. Episode 4. 204/1 Del. Wait a minute. Maybe Trigger organised this! Boycie. Oh turn it up, Del Boy. Trigger couldn't organise a prayer in a mosque. 2001 H. Collins No Smoke vii. 103 Barney blushes, bowing his head boyishly—‘Aw turn it up, Maw. Godsakes, man,’ he jokes—‘A plastic raincoat in summer?’ 7. transitive. Originally: to set free, turn loose (a person or animal). Subsequently: to discharge or release (a prisoner). Cf. main sense 27. Now rare (in later use slang). ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (transitive)] > from confinement unbindc950 to let freec1000 aletOE to let out1154 loosea1225 slakec1374 loosen1382 to let goc1384 releasec1384 unloosec1400 unlockc1410 dissolvec1420 relievec1450 unloosen?a1475 to set at liberty1509 enlargea1513 to let at large1525 to let loose1530 to turn loose?1566 enfranchise1569 to turn up1573 enfranch1581 unkennel1589 unwind1596 to cast loosec1600 disimmure1611 disimprison1611 unhamper1620 to let abroad1633 unfold1633 disencloister1652 disencage1654 discagea1657 disincarcerate1665 eliminate1745 unspherea1806 unmew1818 unbottle1821 uncage1837 unbag1854 bust1921 1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 368 Now hath he learnd to keepe no more but Sim him sonne and he, His wyfe and Mawde his mayde, a boy to pitche the carte, And turne him vp at Hallontyde, to feele the wynters smarte. 1653 H. More Antidote against Atheisme iii. ii. §2 The Horse..for his unserviceableness..was fain to be turned up loose in the pasture. 1715 London Gaz. No. 5368/4 Which said..Gelding was turned up by the said Rogues. 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) A person acquitted by a jury, or discharged by a magistrate..is said to be turned up. 1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 12/1 Lloyd was tried at the Old Bailey, along with Tommy Sales, for the murder of Mr. Bellchambers. Lloyd got ‘turned up’, but Sale [sic] was convicted, and executed. 1904 A. Griffiths Fifty Years Public Service xxiii. 354 They are not brothers, only brother convicts, who ‘did time’ together.., were ‘turned up’ together. 1940 D. Clemmer Prison Community 336/2 Turn up, to discharge from court. 8. transitive. To turn the stomach of, nauseate (a person). Also (and in earliest use) with the stomach or guts as object. Also figurative. Cf. main sense 11. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > nausea > cause nausea to turn up1578 stomach1796 to turn over1865 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball xxviii. 355 The seede of Palma Christi turneth vp the stomacke. 1892 Chambers's Jrnl. 11 June 375/2 Men who have never known what sea-sickness is..get thoroughly ‘turned up’ with the awful motion and vibration. 1919 V. Marshall World of Living Dead 62 There wuz wunst a time, boy, when a fit o' spewin' used to scare 'em into cuttin' short the count, and so we got chewin' chunks o' soap ter turn our guts up. Then some pimp puts the pot on. 1932 S. Gibbons Cold Comfort Farm xii. 178 Turns you up, don't it, seein' ter-day's dinner come in 'anging round someone's neck? 1965 G. Jones Island of Apples i. i. 11 I hated what he was doing to his father, it turned my stomach up even to think about it. 2005 H. Mantel Beyond Black iv. 109 Wash your face, you're all running in sweat, you bloody turn me up. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion rearOE arear?c1225 annoyc1300 movea1325 excite1393 raisea1400 lighta1413 stirc1430 provokec1450 provocate?a1475 rendera1522 to stir upc1530 excitate?1549 inspire1576 yield1576 to turn up1579 rouse1589 urge1594 incense1598 upraisea1600 upreara1600 irritate1612 awakena1616 recreate1643 pique1697 arouse1730 unlull1743 energize1753 evocate1827 evoke1856 vibe1977 1579 S. Gosson Ephemerides Phialo f. 3 I shall please the wise, though the malicious turne vpp their gall. 10. intransitive. Nautical. To beat up to windward; to tack. Formerly also †transitive with it as object (obsolete). Cf. main sense 15d. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > luff or turn to windward > in tacking turn1589 to turn up1589 to heave (the ship) in stays1726 1589 J. Sparke in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 533 With contrary windes blowing, whereby for feare of the shore we were faine to hale off to haue anker hold, sometimes a whole day and a night turning vp and downe. 1591 Hortop's Trauailes Eng. Man (rev. ed.) 17 His intente was to haue turned vp, and to haue laide the wethermost shippe of the Spanish fleet aboord, and fyred his shippe in hope therewith to haue set on fire the Spanish fleet. 1682 W. Hedges Diary 19 July (1887) I. 31 We..bore down about 2 or 3 miles to 2 sloops which could not turn it up to us. 1702 J. Cunningham in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 23 1201 We were forced to turn it up against Wind and Current all the way. 1711 J. Littleton Let. 13 Aug. in London Gaz. No. 4906/3 We turn'd up to Windward, as far as Donna Maria Bay. 1988 Cruising World May 96/1 The wind is steady and the sea is calm, yet the boat continually turns up toward the wind. 2015 A. Evans Singlehanded Sailing i. 7/2 I was about 3 minutes from the rocks, but because the spinnaker was half out, I could not turn up. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > be or make visible [verb (transitive)] > come in sight of raise1589 to turn up1613 1613 R. Harcourt Relation Voy. Guiana Pref. sig. B4 Guiana being seated in the head of the Brises, and to the wind-ward of al the Spanish Indies, the current also of the Sea setting to the West, maketh it impossible for any Shipping to turne it vp from the forenamed places towards vs. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 82 I was sent to Surat. In a week's time we turned it up. 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 25 Keep struggling; and..you will eventually turn up Printing House Square. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [verb (intransitive)] > of woman: make herself available to turn up?1616 to put out1928 slut1946 tart1949 lay1955 ?1616 W. Goddard Mastif Whelp xvi. sig. Bv Nay neuer begger hath ever curst the stocks. As Captayne Turn-hir-vp hath done the ——. 1672 J. Dryden Conquest Granada i. Epil. sig. I3 Fame is false to all that keep her long; And turns up to the Fop that's brisk and young. 1682 N. Tate & J. Dryden 2nd Pt. Absalom & Achitophel 12 'Tis a Leading-Card to make a Whore, To prove her Mother had turn'd up before. 1685 Catologue Contented Cuckolds (single sheet) And I leave him to turn up my wife the mean while. 13. a. transitive. To lay (a person or animal) on the back; to turn (an animal) belly upwards; (hence) to kill (an animal, esp. a whale: cf. sense 13b). ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)] swevec725 quelmeOE slayc893 quelleOE of-falleOE ofslayeOE aquellc950 ayeteeOE spillc950 beliveOE to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE fordoa1000 forfarea1000 asweveOE drepeOE forleseOE martyrOE to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE bringc1175 off-quellc1175 quenchc1175 forswelta1225 adeadc1225 to bring of daysc1225 to do to deathc1225 to draw (a person) to deathc1225 murder?c1225 aslayc1275 forferec1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 martyrc1300 strangle1303 destroya1325 misdoa1325 killc1330 tailc1330 to take the life of (also fro)c1330 enda1340 to kill to (into, unto) death1362 brittena1375 deadc1374 to ding to deathc1380 mortifya1382 perisha1387 to dight to death1393 colea1400 fella1400 kill out (away, down, up)a1400 to slay up or downa1400 swelta1400 voida1400 deliverc1400 starvec1425 jugylc1440 morta1450 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 to put offc1485 to-slaya1500 to make away with1502 to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503 rida1513 to put downa1525 to hang out of the way1528 dispatch?1529 strikea1535 occidea1538 to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540 to fling to deathc1540 extinct1548 to make out of the way1551 to fet offa1556 to cut offc1565 to make away?1566 occise1575 spoil1578 senda1586 to put away1588 exanimate1593 unmortalize1593 speed1594 unlive1594 execute1597 dislive1598 extinguish1598 to lay along1599 to make hence1605 conclude1606 kill off1607 disanimate1609 feeze1609 to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611 to kill dead1615 transporta1616 spatch1616 to take off1619 mactate1623 to make meat of1632 to turn up1642 inanimate1647 pop1649 enecate1657 cadaverate1658 expedite1678 to make dog's meat of1679 to make mincemeat of1709 sluice1749 finisha1753 royna1770 still1778 do1780 deaden1807 deathifyc1810 to lay out1829 cool1833 to use up1833 puckeroo1840 to rub out1840 cadaverize1841 to put under the sod1847 suicide1852 outkill1860 to fix1875 to put under1879 corpse1884 stiffen1888 tip1891 to do away with1899 to take out1900 stretch1902 red-light1906 huff1919 to knock rotten1919 skittle1919 liquidate1924 clip1927 to set over1931 creasea1935 ice1941 lose1942 to put to sleep1942 zap1942 hit1955 to take down1967 wax1968 trash1973 ace1975 1642 Relation of Terrible Monster 1 The head and eyes, when it lyes upon its belly, doe perfectly resemble a Toad. But here lyes the wonder, turne him up, or but a little raise his head, and you shall behold the perfect breast and chest of a man. 1740 tr. C. de F. de Mouhy Fortunate Country Maid I. 60 Go your ways or I'll turn you up as I would a Hare. 1832 P. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 46 I turned up two [geese] with the first barrel, and the other with the second. 1838 in Wisconsin Mag. Hist. (1936) Mar. 350 After the Boats were down the Larboard Boat first made fast to one and with the Waist and Starboard Boats soon turned up their Whale. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 95 You will have to turn him up, as it is termed; that is, the sheep is set upon his rump with his back down and his hind-feet pointing upwards and outwards. 1850 H. T. Cheever Whale & his Captors 311 After Captain Hosmer had succeeded in ‘turning up’ his whale. 1989 D. J. Stewart in J. R. Egerton et al. Footrot & Foot Abscess of Ruminants i. 24 Sheep handlers facilitate easy inspection of all feet and avoid the back-breaking labor of turning up sheep and lifting them into cradles. ΚΠ 1857 Brooklyn Daily Eagle 2 Nov. The whale made toward the ship, ran round and round a few times, and turned up fin out and head sunwards. 1885 Firemen's Mag. Aug. 462/2 When a whale is struck, the boat-steerer is relieved by the header, and he mans the steering until the whale turns up; when a whale dies his belly turns uppermost. 14. a. (a) intransitive. To make its or one's appearance; to present itself or oneself casually or unexpectedly; to occur, appear, be discovered or encountered (as if exposed by turning something over, by turning a card face upwards, by turning the leaves of a book, etc.).Apparently sometimes a figurative use of a transitive sense, such as 2a, 2b, 4a.See also a bad penny always turns up at bad penny n. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > be present [verb (intransitive)] > present oneself or itself to make (one's) muster1419 presenta1425 to come fortha1535 to come forwards1550 to turn up1663 to come forward1683 report1815 to show up1827 show1848 to show the flag1937 the world > space > place > presence > be present [verb (intransitive)] > present oneself or itself > casually or unexpectedly to turn up1663 1663 H. Savage Dew of Hermon xiv. 59 They do as good as say, Let them look to it, for trump may turn up on our side again, which if it does, the same rigour which they use to us, shall we use towards them. 1679 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Reformation: 1st Pt. iii. 353 As he was led to the place of Execution.., he..prayed to this purpose; that..some place might turn up to him, that might comfort him in his last passage:..he opened the Book at a venture, in which these words of St. Iohns Gospel turned up. 1755 Monitor No. 10. I. 82 They must watch..the..occasions, which in the whirl of time will turn up. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. vi. 75 It seems incredible that Raphael should turn up in such a guise! 1824 W. Whewell in J. M. Douglas Life & Corr. W. Whewell (1881) 97 Leaving directions to have the thing sent after me if it should turn up. 1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) xi. 121 ‘And then,’ said Mr. Micawber,..‘I shall, please Heaven, begin to be beforehand with the world,..if—in short, if anything turns up.’ 1937 M. Hillis Orchids on your Budget iv. 71 When an out-of-town cousin turns up, you undoubtedly entertain her more lavishly. 2014 Guardian 11 Aug. (G2 section) 2/3 This year both large and scarce tortoiseshell butterflies turned up. (b) intransitive. Originally colloquial. To arrive or present oneself when expected or directed to do so; to put in an appearance; frequently (and in earliest use) in negative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > reaching a point or place > reach a point or place [verb (intransitive)] > arrive comeOE to come to townOE yworthOE lend11.. lightc1225 to come anovenonc1275 wina1300 'rivec1300 repaira1325 applyc1384 to come ina1399 rede?a1400 arrivec1400 attainc1400 alightc1405 to come to handc1450 unto-comec1450 apport1578 to be along1597 to drop in1609 to come ona1635 to walk in1656 land1679 engage1686 to come along1734 to get in1863 to turn up1870 to fall in1900 to lob1916 to roll up1920 to breeze in1930 to rock up1975 1870 Appleton's Jrnl. 14 May 535/1 I went about on my usual round, but he didn't turn up. I asked some of the other fellows, but none of them had seen him. 1903 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ All on Irish Shore 18 And if you'll believe me, the two chaps there had never turned up at all. 1913 N.Z. Parl. Deb. 162 764/1 All the employees on trams who at present get in turn a holiday on Saturday will have to turn up to work, on account of the increased number of passengers. 1939 G. B. Shaw Geneva iii. 52 The judge himself hasnt turned up. 1979 J. Cooper Class iv. 84 At prep schools they insist you turn up [at sports days] and then ignore you. 1985 Times 26 Aug. 8/3 Occasions when luggage is checked onto a flight and the passenger fails to turn up. 2016 Church Times 22 Apr. 22/3 Persuading teenagers to turn up to church on a Sunday morning has never been easy. b. (a) intransitive. With complement. To appear or present itself or oneself in a specified character; to be found to be. Cf. to turn out 9c at Phrasal verbs 1. Now rare. to turn up rough: to become angry or quarrelsome (cf. to cut up rough at cut v. Phrasal verbs). to turn up trumps: see trump n.2 2a. With to turn up rusty cf. rusty adj.3 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > prove, demonstrate [verb (intransitive)] > be proved to be provec1300 verifya1387 approve1587 improve1612 bear1710 to turn up1756 to turn out1780 wash1849 the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry wrethec900 wrothc975 abelghec1300 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 to peck moodc1330 gremec1460 to take firea1513 fumec1522 sourdc1540 spitec1560 to set up the heckle1601 fire1604 exasperate1659 to fire up1779 to flash up1822 to get one's dander up1831 to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 rile1837 to go off the handle1839 to flare up1840 to set one's back up1845 to run hot1855 to wax up1859 to get one's rag out1862 blow1871 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to turn up rough1872 to get the needle1874 to blaze up1878 to get wet1898 spunk1898 to see red1901 to go crook1911 to get ignorant1913 to hit the ceiling1914 to hit the roof1921 to blow one's top1928 to lose one's rag1928 to lose one's haira1930 to go up in smoke1933 hackle1935 to have, get a cob on1937 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to go hostile1941 to go sparec1942 to do one's bun1944 to lose one's wool1944 to blow one's stack1947 to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950 rear1953 to get on ignorant1956 to go through the roof1958 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 to lose ita1969 to blow a gasket1975 to throw a wobbler1985 society > society and the community > dissent > quarrel or quarrelling > quarrel [verb (intransitive)] > be quarrelsome > become quarrelsome to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 to turn up rough1872 1756 Monitor No. 39. I. 374 A great deal of waste land and timber.., which by care and cultivation, must in time turn up a great thing. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt (new ed.) I. xi. 199 Company that's got no more orders to give, and wants to turn up rusty to them that has, had better be making room than filling it. 1872 Judy 29 May 59/2 Have the ornaments [= handcuffs] handy, in case he should turn up rough. 1911 Times 17 Mar. 14/7 There were many moments in which people could ‘turn up rusty’, but it was realized that any dispute or friction would mean a certain amount of harm to the institution. 2016 Economist 24 Dec. 61/2 Plenty of ales turned up ‘sour’ in India—the pungent hoppiness went some way to disguising the problem. (b) intransitive. colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.). to turn up missing: to be found to be missing, be unable to be found. ΚΠ 1856 Knickerbocker Dec. 614 Nothing, however, ever turned up missing, except Mr. Wytles himself. 1869 ‘M. Twain’ Let. 11 Oct. (1992) III. 371 I sunk shafts till I broke through the roof of perdition, but those extensions turned up missing every time. 1957 Sat. Evening Post 19 Oct. 78/2 Well, not only did the insect house burn down... The curator turns up missing. 1993 Time (Internat. ed.) 25 Jan. 10/1 U.S. Marine Private Domingo Arroyo, on a foot patrol that comes under attack.., turns up missing at a head count and is later found dead. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > as a parcel to turn up1701 to do up1806 1701 London Gaz. No. 3741/4 A painted Fan..turned up in a white Paper. 16. a. transitive. To find (a passage) in a book, newspaper, etc., or (a document) in a set of papers, etc.; to look up (notes), refer to (a writer). Cf. sense 10a. N.E.D. (1915) quotes Canon J. T. Fowler as saying: ‘In the Durham Cathedral Choir to turn up means to look out and place ready the music for the organist and singers’. ΘΚΠ society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > find in a book or paper looklOE to look out?1496 to turn to ——1568 to look upa1632 to turn up1710 to turn out1834 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 179 When I turn up some Masterly Writer to my Imagination. 1806 in T. B. Howell Compl. Coll. State Trials (1816) XX. 32 But the noble earl there, with his Bible, I am sure will have the goodness to help me out and turn up the passage for me. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 161 She then turned up the ritual. 1891 Pop. Sci. Monthly Aug. 524 I turned up the article ‘Schwein’ in Riehm's standard Handwörterbuch. 1892 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 7 May 267/2 I have not time now to turn up my old notes on the subject. 1921 T. S. Eliot Let. 9 May (1988) I. 451 I do not know whether you can easily turn up a copy of that letter, but it was one for which I was very grateful. 1992 G. Hancock Sign & Seal iii. xi. 241 I had turned up an intriguing reference to another people—a people known as the Qemant. b. transitive. Of a person: to discover, locate (something sought for); (of an event, an investigative procedure, etc.) to uncover, reveal (something of interest or importance).Perhaps in some uses an extension of sense 4a. ΚΠ 1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 May 5 We cannot turn up the originals [of these stories]..so we must take the rehandlings. 1934 D. Hammett Thin Man (1974) xxx. 179 We'd give it the once-over before and hadn't turned up nothing. 1951 M. McLuhan Mech. Bride 42/1 Vocational-guidance investigation has turned up the curious fact that executives..do show an aptitude for words. 1971 R. E. Pfadt Fund. Appl. Entomol. (ed. 2) xii. 367 Use of synthetic sex attractant, hexalure, in traps did not turn up any native adults of pink bollworm. 1975 W. Kennedy Legs (1983) 175 When the police went through Jack's house.., somebody turned up a piece of plaster, one side covered with the old-time mattress ticking wallpaper. 2015 N.Y. Mag. 9 Mar. 92/5 A quick Google of monthly car leases in Manhattan turns up tantalizing rates around $500. 17. transitive. Nautical. To summon (the crew) on deck. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > summon lathec900 hightOE clepec1000 ofclepeOE ofsendOE warna1250 callc1300 summonc1300 incalla1340 upcallc1340 summonda1400 becallc1400 ofgredec1400 require1418 assummonc1450 accitec1475 provoke1477 convey1483 mand1483 whistle1486 vocatec1494 wishc1515 to call up1530 citea1533 convent1540 convocate1542 prorogate1543 accersit1548 whistle for1560 advocatea1575 citate1581 evocate1639 demand1650 to warn in1654 summons1694 invoke1697 to send for1744 to turn up1752 requisition1800 whip1857 society > travel > travel by water > seafaring life > [verb (transitive)] > summon crew on deck turn1603 to turn up1752 1752 Narr. Proc. James Lowrey 13 I turned all Hands up, and tax'd them with their Ill behaviour towards me. 1805 in Ld. Nelson Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. 164 (note) Ceased firing and turned the hands up to clear the wreck. 1940 C. S. Forester in Winnipeg Free Press 4 May (Mag.) 5/5 Captains who turned up all hands at every bell, night and day. 2011 M. Cohn Prize of War 58 He raced below as Mr. McLeod turned up all hands. 18. transitive. To increase the flow of (gas) to an appliance by turning a tap, handle, etc., originally so as to make a lamp burn more brightly; to increase the brightness of (a lamp); to raise the temperature of (an electrical appliance, heating system, etc., and (in extended use) that which it heats or cooks), originally by turning a knob or switch; to increase the volume of sound from (a radio or other audio device) by operating a control; to increase (volume) in this way. Also: to operate (a control) so as to increase the temperature, volume of sound, etc. Cf. to turn down 5b at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [verb (transitive)] > trim or turn up mend?1518 trim1557 to turn up1860 the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (transitive)] > increase temperature, volume, etc. to build up1936 to turn up1962 1860 F. H. Ludlow in Harper's New Monthly Mag. Mar. 502/1 Turn the gas up a little higher! All the three rush around to the side of the bed and turn down the corner of the quilt from his face—it is he! 1889 C. Smith Repentance Paul Wentworth II. v. 105 He..turned up his reading lamp. 1941 N. Marsh Death & Dancing Footman xv. 313 ‘To get back to the wireless.’.. ‘I turned it down.’.. ‘You turned it... Not off. Down.’.. ‘I turned it down, and five minutes later somebody turned it up.’ 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 259 The volume can be turned up louder. 1971 M. Lee Dying for Fun ix. 53 The producer of the radio magazine programme turned up his loudspeaker. 1976 W. Corlett Dark Side of Moon ii. 85 It is colder... I must turn up the central heating. 1985 G. Keillor Lake Wobegon Days 97 It's time to go home and turn up the pot roast and get the peas out of the freezer. 1996 D. Glass How can you tell if Spider is Dead? 73 If you turn up the gas all the way under a saucepan of boiling water. 2015 Radio Times 4 Apr. (South/West ed.) 19/4 Once the sugar has dissolved, turn up the heat. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise by mechanical instrument > with a winch, crank, etc. to wind upc1275 winch1529 upwind1600 parbuckle1768 crank1883 whorl1886 to turn up1911 1911 D. H. Lawrence in Eng. Rev. June 415 The winding-engine rapped out its little spasms. The miners were being turned up. 1929 D. H. Lawrence Pansies 82 My father was a working man And a collier was he, At six in the morning they turned him down And they turned him up for tea. < as lemmas |
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