tindv.

/tɪnd/

Forms: α. (Old English tendan), Middle English tenden, Middle English tende, Middle English (3rd person singular) tent; past tense Middle English tende, Middle English tendede; past participle Middle English itend, Middle English itent, itende, Middle English tende, Middle English ytend, Middle English tend. β. Middle English teende, 1500s–1600s (1800s dialect) teend; past participle Middle English teendid. γ. Middle English tiende, Middle English tynd, 1500s tinde, 1500s–1600s tynde, Middle English– tind; past participle 1500s tynded, 1500s–1600s tinded. δ. 1500s tīnde, 1500s–1600s ? tynde, 1500s–1800s tīnd. ε. Middle English tynne, 1500s–1600s tinne, 1600s–1800s tin; past tense and participle 1600s tinn'd. ζ. Middle English–1500s tyne, 1600s tine; past tense 1500s tynde, tind; past participle Middle English tyned, 1500s tynde, tind, 1500s–1600s tined. η. Middle English–1500s teyne, past participle y-, iteyned. θ1600s, 1800s teen, past tense and participle teened.

Etymology: Middle English had tend-e(n from 1175 to 1425; also, in Wyclif and down to 17th cent., with lengthened vowel, teende(n , in some modern dialects teend /tiːnd/. From c1400 onward also tind and tīnd (see γ, δ forms). Later with loss of final d from both forms (perhaps arising out of shortened past participle tind , tīnd , teend , taken as = tin-d , tīne-d , teen-d , hence infinitive tin , tīne , teen ; but reduction of -nd to -n is found in many other words). In modern dialect surviving from Scotland to Cornwall as /tɪnd/, /tiːn/, /taɪnd/, /tɪn/, /taɪn/: see quots. and Eng. Dial. Dict. Early Middle English tenden corresponded to an Old English *tęndan (in compounds ontęndan , atęndan , fortęndan , to set fire to, kindle, and in verbal noun tęnding , Napier Contrib. to OE. Lexic.), corresponding to Gothic tandjan , Danish tænde , Swedish tända ; causative of *tindan strong verb (ablaut series tind- , tand- , tund- ), to be on fire, burn, glow, represented by Middle High German zinden strong verb, in same sense. The history of early Middle English tiende , tinde , now tind , tīnd /taɪnd/, is more difficult: as no other example is known of Old English and Middle English -end becoming later -ind , much less -īnd , it is probable that we have here a parallel formation, representing an Old English *tyndan (from the weak ablaut grade tund- ), cognate with Old High German zunten ( < *zuntjan < *tundjan ), Middle High German and German zünden to set on fire, kindle, and Old English tynder tinder n. In that case, tend (teend, teen, teyne) and tind (tynd, tīnd, tin, tīne, tyne) are two distinct but parallel and synonymous formations from the same root verb.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

1. transitive. To set fire to, ignite, light, kindle (a fire, lamp, torch, flame, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > kindle or set alight

annealeOE

ontendeOE

atend1006

alightOE

kindlec1175

tindc1175

lightc1225

lightenc1384

quickc1390

firea1393

to set (a) fire in, on, upon, of, now only toc1400

quickenc1425

accenda1475

enlumine1477

to light upa1500

to shoot (something) on firec1540

to give fire1562

incend1598

entine1612

betine1659

emblaze1743

to touch off1759

ignite1823

α.

a901 Laws K. Ælfred Prol. c. 27 Gif fyr sie ontended ryt to bærnanne.

a1000 tr. Bæda's De Temporibus in Sax. Leechd. III. 242 Ðonne he [moon] of hyre [sun] ontend byþ.

a1050 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 994 (MS. C) Eac hi mid fyre on tendon woldan.

c1100 Charms in Sax. Leechd. III. 286 Ontend þreo candela.]

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 81 He wule aquikien and al þe brond tenden.

1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 233 Of a torche þat is tend, tak an en-sample.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 238 Þo þat weren in heuene token stella comata, And tendeden hir [C. xxi. 250 tenden hit] as a torche.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 17 I-tend in þe fire hit feseþ awey serpentes.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 395 Þe taperes þat were i-tend [MS. γ ytent].

a1400 New Test. (Paues) James iii. 6 Heo is y-tend of þe fuyr of helle.

c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 17978 The Troyens..tende hire fir more than ten sithe, But it ȝede out.

c1425 Seven Sag. (P.) 2183 He tende hys torche at a cole.

β. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. l. 11 Lo! ȝee alle teendende vp [a1425 kyndlynge] fyr.a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. viii. 13 Teende thou not colis of synneres..lest thou be tend with the flaume of the fyr of the synnes of hem.a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Matt. v. 15 Ne men teendith not [1382 Nether men tendyn] a lanterne, and puttith it vndur a busschel.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 380 Teend againe Truths neere-extinguisht Taper.1605 J. Sylvester tr. Fathers in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. 509 Thou whet'st a Sword, and thou doost teend a Brand.1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. Z^v Kindle the Christmas Brand..Part must be kept wherewith to teend The Christmas Log next yeare.γ. a1400–50 Alexander 4179 It tinds on tend lowe trappour of stede, And many costious costis consumes in-to askis.1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D2^v I see no more Candles tinded then wont to be.1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 19 Those coales, that were already throughly tinded.1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 133 As one candle tindeth a thousand.1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Tind, to light; as To tind a Candle.1904 Eng. Dial. Dict. Tind, to light, kindle. [Generally diffused, Scotl. to Heref., Northamp., Bedford, Berks, Cornwall.]1910 Old man at Gorsley, Glo'ster Get up and tind (tind) the fire.δ. c1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus John in Paraphr. New Test. v. f. 40 Only a burnyng candell tynded at our fyre.1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iii. sig. G.ij Altars vp againe we make and fiers on them we tinde [rhyme blind].1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. viii. sig. T4 Stryful Atin in their stubborne mind Coles of contention and whot vengeaunce tind.1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne i. 46 For if one feare to crueltie him tinde, [rhyme finde], Another greater doubt bridles no lesse.] ?1623 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. iv. 433 Paied for sixe faggottes to tynde the coales, 4d.1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 341/2 For him it [the heavenly torch] beams not,—can but tind [rhyme blind], And lands and cities turn to dust.ε. 1497 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 27 Paid to W. Toyt for tynnyng of the lyght.1562 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Æneid viii. B b ij b Her couchyd harth she steeres and sturging sparkes of fire doth tinne.1638 R. Farley Lychnocausia v. B vj That learned dogge, at noone-tyde tinn'd his light.1655 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans (ed. 2) ii. 10 It seems their candle, howe'r done, Was tinn'd and lighted at the sunne.1674 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words To Tine or tin a Candle, to light it.1912 N.E.D. at Tind Mod. Bedford & Northampt. Dial., I get up at six, tin the fire, and then sweep the room up.ζ. 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy xi. ii, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 181 For yt ys Fyer whych tyned wyll never dye.] c1511Tynyng [see tinding n. and adj. at Derivatives]. 1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I4 Whose bridale torches foule Erynnis tynde [rhyme vnkinde].1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. K^v Flames, weapons, wounds in Greeks fleete to haue tynde [rhyme minde].1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 514 With the same fire wherewith that was first tined.1612 W. Fennor Cornu-copiæ 22 Though others tine their candles at my light.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 1075 As late the Clouds Justling or pusht with Winds rude in thir shock Tine the slant Lightning. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Homer 1st Bk. Ilias in Fables 212 The Priest..was seen to tine The cloven Wood, and pour the ruddy Wine.η. 1482 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden i. xxiv. 30 b Whan it was ones yteyned [1527 Iteyned] and sette a fyre.θ. 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Teen, to light a candle. Var. dial.1864 E. Capern Devon Provincialism ‘Teen the candle’ is often used for light the candle.1895 ‘Q’ Wandering Heath 85 She struck flint over touchwood and teened a fire.

2. intransitive. To catch fire, kindle, become ignited, begin to burn.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)] > catch fire or begin to burn

quicka1225

kindle?c1225

tindc1290

atend1398

to catch fire (also afire, on fire)c1400

quickenc1425

enkindle1556

fire1565

to set on fire1596

take1612

catch1632

conflagrate1657

to fly on fire1692

to go up1716

deflagrate1752

flagrate1756

inflame1783

ignite1818

to fire up1845

c1290 St. Michael 523 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 314 And ȝwane it comez a-mong þe fuyre, sone it bi-gynnez forto tiende [Harl. MS. 2277 sone hit gynneþ tende: rhyme ende].

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xvi. 7 Wrathe shal waxe ful out tend [a1425 L.V. yre schal brenne].

c1400 Brut xcvi. 94 Þe fire biganne to tende and brenne al þe toune.

1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. X3^v Wash your hands, or else the fire Will not teend to your desire.

3. figurative.

a. transitive. To inflame, excite, arouse, inspire.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > ardent or fervent [verb (transitive)] > inflame (with) passion

annealeOE

ontendeOE

anheatOE

atend1006

tindc1175

firec1225

heat?c1225

inlowa1300

inflamea1340

eschaufec1374

flamec1380

kindlec1390

chafe1393

achafea1400

to set a firec1400

lighta1413

incense1435

scaldc1480

embrase1483

incend?1504

to set on fire?1526

enkindle1561

enfire1596

flush1633

boil1649

calenturea1657

infirea1661

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 81 For hwat he scal his sunne uor-saken and bileuen and bon itent of þen hali gast.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 81 Ho weren itende of þan halie gast.

a1225 Leg. Kath. 156 Swa i-tend of wraððe þat wod ha walde wurðen.

a1240 Lofsong in Cott. Hom. 215 Tend mine heorte.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxviii. 4 Who kepen, shul ben tend [a1435 L.V. kyndlid] vp aȝen hym.

c1450 J. Myrc Festial 60 Yn token he was yn hyr wombe þat schuld aftyr tynd mony mannys charite.

1590 [see sense 1δ. ]. 1594 [see sense 1δ. ].

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 234 He was some-what too touchy, and would..quickly be tinded.

1683 J. Dryden & N. Lee Duke of Guise i. i. 4 Shop Consciences,..Preach'd up, and ready tin'd for a Rebellion.

b. intransitive. To become inflamed or excited.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > become inflamed with passion

heata1225

tind1297

lowea1333

anheat1340

to catch firec1400

kindlea1450

to take firea1513

inflame1559

broil1561

calenturea1657

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 4416 In is wod rage he wende Vor to awreke is vncle deþ, as fur is [= fire his] herte tende.

Derivatives

ˈtinded adj. (also tende)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective]

quickeOE

burningc1000

swealinga1023

tinded1297

alightc1400

flamed1413

alive1571

comburent1599

combustious1622

combustible1632

conflagrant1656

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11022 Þo nome tende taperes þe bissops in hor hond.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Num. xi. 3 He clepide the name of that place Tendynge [a1425 L.V. Brennyng, L. incensio] for thi that the fier of the Lord was tende [a1425 L.V. kyndlid, L. incensus fuisset] aȝens hem.

ˈtinding n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > illumination > [noun]

lightingOE

clearingc1380

beshining1398

burning1466

lumerc1468

tinding1497

illumination1563

illustrationa1631

luminary1645

illuminary1692

lighting up1787

illume1838

a900 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. (1900) 101 (Harl.) He..hine sylfne nacodne awearp..on þæra netela tendingum.

1497Tynnyng [see sense 1ε. ].

c1511 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 61 To Ros for tynyng of the rode light xij d.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 53 Incessantly th'apt-tinding fume is tost Till it inflame.

1662 H. Hibbert Syntagma Theologicum 30 The Romans divided their night into ten parts,..2 Prima fax, candle~tinning.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	tind
释义	tindv. /tɪnd/ Forms: α. (Old English tendan), Middle English tenden, Middle English tende, Middle English (3rd person singular) tent; past tense Middle English tende, Middle English tendede; past participle Middle English itend, Middle English itent, itende, Middle English tende, Middle English ytend, Middle English tend. β. Middle English teende, 1500s–1600s (1800s dialect) teend; past participle Middle English teendid. γ. Middle English tiende, Middle English tynd, 1500s tinde, 1500s–1600s tynde, Middle English– tind; past participle 1500s tynded, 1500s–1600s tinded. δ. 1500s tīnde, 1500s–1600s ? tynde, 1500s–1800s tīnd. ε. Middle English tynne, 1500s–1600s tinne, 1600s–1800s tin; past tense and participle 1600s tinn'd. ζ. Middle English–1500s tyne, 1600s tine; past tense 1500s tynde, tind; past participle Middle English tyned, 1500s tynde, tind, 1500s–1600s tined. η. Middle English–1500s teyne, past participle y-, iteyned. θ1600s, 1800s teen, past tense and participle teened. Etymology: Middle English had tend-e(n from 1175 to 1425; also, in Wyclif and down to 17th cent., with lengthened vowel, teende(n , in some modern dialects teend /tiːnd/. From c1400 onward also tind and tīnd (see γ, δ forms). Later with loss of final d from both forms (perhaps arising out of shortened past participle tind , tīnd , teend , taken as = tin-d , tīne-d , teen-d , hence infinitive tin , tīne , teen ; but reduction of -nd to -n is found in many other words). In modern dialect surviving from Scotland to Cornwall as /tɪnd/, /tiːn/, /taɪnd/, /tɪn/, /taɪn/: see quots. and Eng. Dial. Dict. Early Middle English tenden corresponded to an Old English tęndan (in compounds ontęndan* , atęndan , fortęndan , to set fire to, kindle, and in verbal noun tęnding , Napier Contrib. to OE. Lexic.), corresponding to Gothic tandjan , Danish tænde , Swedish tända ; causative of tindan strong verb (ablaut series tind-* , tand- , tund- ), to be on fire, burn, glow, represented by Middle High German zinden strong verb, in same sense. The history of early Middle English tiende , tinde , now tind , tīnd /taɪnd/, is more difficult: as no other example is known of Old English and Middle English -end becoming later -ind , much less -īnd , it is probable that we have here a parallel formation, representing an Old English tyndan (from the weak ablaut grade tund-* ), cognate with Old High German zunten ( < zuntjan < tundjan ), Middle High German and German zünden to set on fire, kindle, and Old English tynder tinder n. In that case, tend (teend, teen, teyne) and tind (tynd, tīnd, tin, tīne, tyne) are two distinct but parallel and synonymous formations from the same root verb. Obsolete exc. dialect. 1. transitive. To set fire to, ignite, light, kindle (a fire, lamp, torch, flame, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > kindle or set alight annealeOE ontendeOE atend1006 alightOE kindlec1175 tindc1175 lightc1225 lightenc1384 quickc1390 firea1393 to set (a) fire in, on, upon, of, now only toc1400 quickenc1425 accenda1475 enlumine1477 to light upa1500 to shoot (something) on firec1540 to give fire1562 incend1598 entine1612 betine1659 emblaze1743 to touch off1759 ignite1823 α. a901 Laws K. Ælfred Prol. c. 27 Gif fyr sie ontended ryt to bærnanne. a1000 tr. Bæda's De Temporibus in Sax. Leechd. III. 242 Ðonne he [moon] of hyre [sun] ontend byþ. a1050 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 994 (MS. C) Eac hi mid fyre on tendon woldan. c1100 Charms in Sax. Leechd. III. 286 Ontend þreo candela.] c1175 Lamb. Hom. 81 He wule aquikien and al þe brond tenden. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 233 Of a torche þat is tend, tak an en-sample. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 238 Þo þat weren in heuene token stella comata, And tendeden hir [C. xxi. 250 tenden hit] as a torche. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 17 I-tend in þe fire hit feseþ awey serpentes. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 395 Þe taperes þat were i-tend [MS. γ ytent]. a1400 New Test. (Paues) James iii. 6 Heo is y-tend of þe fuyr of helle. c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 17978 The Troyens..tende hire fir more than ten sithe, But it ȝede out. c1425 Seven Sag. (P.) 2183 He tende hys torche at a cole. β. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. l. 11 Lo! ȝee alle teendende vp [a1425 kyndlynge] fyr.a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. viii. 13 Teende thou not colis of synneres..lest thou be tend with the flaume of the fyr of the synnes of hem.a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Matt. v. 15 Ne men teendith not [1382 Nether men tendyn] a lanterne, and puttith it vndur a busschel.1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 380 Teend againe Truths neere-extinguisht Taper.1605 J. Sylvester tr. Fathers in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. 509 Thou whet'st a Sword, and thou doost teend a Brand.1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. Z^v Kindle the Christmas Brand..Part must be kept wherewith to teend The Christmas Log next yeare.γ. a1400–50 Alexander 4179 It tinds on tend lowe trappour of stede, And many costious costis consumes in-to askis.1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D2^v I see no more Candles tinded then wont to be.1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 19 Those coales, that were already throughly tinded.1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 133 As one candle tindeth a thousand.1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Tind, to light; as To tind a Candle.1904 Eng. Dial. Dict. Tind, to light, kindle. [Generally diffused, Scotl. to Heref., Northamp., Bedford, Berks, Cornwall.]1910 Old man at Gorsley, Glo'ster Get up and tind (tind) the fire.δ. c1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus John in Paraphr. New Test. v. f. 40 Only a burnyng candell tynded at our fyre.1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iii. sig. G.ij Altars vp againe we make and fiers on them we tinde [rhyme blind].1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. viii. sig. T4 Stryful Atin in their stubborne mind Coles of contention and whot vengeaunce tind.1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne i. 46 For if one feare to crueltie him tinde, [rhyme finde], Another greater doubt bridles no lesse.] ?1623 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. iv. 433 Paied for sixe faggottes to tynde the coales, 4d.1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 341/2 For him it [the heavenly torch] beams not,—can but tind [rhyme blind], And lands and cities turn to dust.ε. 1497 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 27 Paid to W. Toyt for tynnyng of the lyght.1562 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Æneid viii. B b ij b Her couchyd harth she steeres and sturging sparkes of fire doth tinne.1638 R. Farley Lychnocausia v. B vj That learned dogge, at noone-tyde tinn'd his light.1655 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans (ed. 2) ii. 10 It seems their candle, howe'r done, Was tinn'd and lighted at the sunne.1674 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words To Tine or tin a Candle, to light it.1912 N.E.D. at Tind Mod. Bedford & Northampt. Dial., I get up at six, tin the fire, and then sweep the room up.ζ. 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy xi. ii, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 181 For yt ys Fyer whych tyned wyll never dye.] c1511Tynyng [see tinding n. and adj. at Derivatives]. 1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I4 Whose bridale torches foule Erynnis tynde [rhyme vnkinde].1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. K^v Flames, weapons, wounds in Greeks fleete to haue tynde [rhyme minde].1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 514 With the same fire wherewith that was first tined.1612 W. Fennor Cornu-copiæ 22 Though others tine their candles at my light.1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 1075 As late the Clouds Justling or pusht with Winds rude in thir shock Tine the slant Lightning. View more context for this quotation1700 J. Dryden tr. Homer 1st Bk. Ilias in Fables 212 The Priest..was seen to tine The cloven Wood, and pour the ruddy Wine.η. 1482 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden i. xxiv. 30 b Whan it was ones yteyned [1527 Iteyned] and sette a fyre.θ. 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Teen, to light a candle. Var. dial.1864 E. Capern Devon Provincialism ‘Teen the candle’ is often used for light the candle.1895 ‘Q’ Wandering Heath 85 She struck flint over touchwood and teened a fire. 2. intransitive. To catch fire, kindle, become ignited, begin to burn. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)] > catch fire or begin to burn quicka1225 kindle?c1225 tindc1290 atend1398 to catch fire (also afire, on fire)c1400 quickenc1425 enkindle1556 fire1565 to set on fire1596 take1612 catch1632 conflagrate1657 to fly on fire1692 to go up1716 deflagrate1752 flagrate1756 inflame1783 ignite1818 to fire up1845 c1290 St. Michael 523 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 314 And ȝwane it comez a-mong þe fuyre, sone it bi-gynnez forto tiende [Harl. MS. 2277 sone hit gynneþ tende: rhyme ende]. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xvi. 7 Wrathe shal waxe ful out tend [a1425 L.V. yre schal brenne]. c1400 Brut xcvi. 94 Þe fire biganne to tende and brenne al þe toune. 1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. X3^v Wash your hands, or else the fire Will not teend to your desire. 3. figurative. a. transitive. To inflame, excite, arouse, inspire. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > ardent or fervent [verb (transitive)] > inflame (with) passion annealeOE ontendeOE anheatOE atend1006 tindc1175 firec1225 heat?c1225 inlowa1300 inflamea1340 eschaufec1374 flamec1380 kindlec1390 chafe1393 achafea1400 to set a firec1400 lighta1413 incense1435 scaldc1480 embrase1483 incend?1504 to set on fire?1526 enkindle1561 enfire1596 flush1633 boil1649 calenturea1657 infirea1661 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 81 For hwat he scal his sunne uor-saken and bileuen and bon itent of þen hali gast. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 81 Ho weren itende of þan halie gast. a1225 Leg. Kath. 156 Swa i-tend of wraððe þat wod ha walde wurðen. a1240 Lofsong in Cott. Hom. 215 Tend mine heorte. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxviii. 4 Who kepen, shul ben tend [a1435 L.V. kyndlid] vp aȝen hym. c1450 J. Myrc Festial 60 Yn token he was yn hyr wombe þat schuld aftyr tynd mony mannys charite. 1590 [see sense 1δ. ]. 1594 [see sense 1δ. ]. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 234 He was some-what too touchy, and would..quickly be tinded. 1683 J. Dryden & N. Lee Duke of Guise i. i. 4 Shop Consciences,..Preach'd up, and ready tin'd for a Rebellion. b. intransitive. To become inflamed or excited. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > become inflamed with passion heata1225 tind1297 lowea1333 anheat1340 to catch firec1400 kindlea1450 to take firea1513 inflame1559 broil1561 calenturea1657 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 4416 In is wod rage he wende Vor to awreke is vncle deþ, as fur is [= fire his] herte tende. Derivatives ˈtinded adj. (also tende) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] quickeOE burningc1000 swealinga1023 tinded1297 alightc1400 flamed1413 alive1571 comburent1599 combustious1622 combustible1632 conflagrant1656 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11022 Þo nome tende taperes þe bissops in hor hond. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Num. xi. 3 He clepide the name of that place Tendynge [a1425 L.V. Brennyng, L. incensio] for thi that the fier of the Lord was tende [a1425 L.V. kyndlid, L. incensus fuisset] aȝens hem. ˈtinding n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > illumination > [noun] lightingOE clearingc1380 beshining1398 burning1466 lumerc1468 tinding1497 illumination1563 illustrationa1631 luminary1645 illuminary1692 lighting up1787 illume1838 a900 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. (1900) 101 (Harl.) He..hine sylfne nacodne awearp..on þæra netela tendingum. 1497Tynnyng [see sense 1ε. ]. c1511 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 61 To Ros for tynyng of the rode light xij d. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 53 Incessantly th'apt-tinding fume is tost Till it inflame. 1662 H. Hibbert Syntagma Theologicum 30 The Romans divided their night into ten parts,..2 Prima fax, candle~tinning. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.a900
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