| 释义 |
† thrown.1Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: < the same Germanic base as Old English þrǣgan to run, (of a star) to move along a particular course, and (with different ablaut: o-grade) Gothic þragjan to run < the same Indo-European base as Serbian and Croatian trčati to run, Bulgarian tărča I run.In Old English a strong feminine (ō-stem) þrāg. The stem vowel ā is perhaps to be explained as the result of levelling from inflected forms before a back vowel; the expected form *þrǣg (reflecting the Germanic lengthened e-grade) is not attested. Obsolete. 1. the world > time > [noun] > stretch, period, or portion of time the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > paroxysm OE (1931) 1426 Þær se halga bad, sunu Lameches, soðra gehata lange þrage. OE (1932) cxxxviii. 13 Þeh min lichama lytle ðrage on niðerdælum eorðan wunige. c1175 (Burchfield transcript) l. 3475 Wass mikell weȝȝe till þatt land..& forr þi wass hemm ned to don. God þraȝhe to þatt weȝȝe. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 33 Nis nawiht þeos weorld; al heo aȝeð on ane alpi þraȝe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 322 He tæh hine aȝein ane þrowe. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 6976 (MED) Þe bet ferd gret þrawe. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) ii. l. 917 (MED) The hihe makere of nature Hire hath visited in a throwe. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 3281 Had he noght rested bot a thrau [Fairf. þraw, Trin. Cambr. þrowe]. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) l. 444 A man schal stody, and musen a long throw Whiche is whiche. c1500 (?a1437) (1939) xlv Quhen I a lytill thrawe had maid my moon. ?1577 F. T. sig. Fii They were defaced in a throw. 1578 J. Florio f. 18v So say I also. But from the said vnto the deed there is a great throw. 1590 E. Spenser iii. iv. sig. Ff7 Downe himselfe he layd Vpon the grassy ground, to sleepe a throw. 1672 36 Winter..First maketh the winds for to blow, And after that within a throw It rains. the world > time > frequency > [noun] > recurrence > turn c1275 (?c1250) (Calig.) (1935) l. 260 (MED) Lat me nu habbe mine þroȝe. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) i. l. 410 After that cause and nede it ladde, Be throwes ech of hem it hadde. c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) l. 1476 Thre dais on a thrawe be threpild to-gedire. c1450 (a1425) (Selden) l. 18038 (MED) Ylkon thrett hym in þer thraw. a1500 (?a1400) (Trin. Dublin) l. 2046 (MED) Þus iij dayes in a thraw þai threpyd euerelike. the world > time > particular time > [noun] OE Cynewulf 464 Is þeos þrag ful strong, þreat ormæte. Ic sceal þinga gehwylc þolian ond þafian on þinne dom. OE (2008) 2883 Fergendra [read Wergendra] to lyt þrong ymbe þeoden, þa hyne sio þrag becwom. OE 117 Nis þæt eower..þæt ge witan þa þrage & þa tide þa þe Fæder gesette on his mihte. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 7124 (MED) A kniȝt..bad him wende anon riȝt Toward Camalot..and so he dede in þat þrawe. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vi. l. 1027 This riche man the same throwe With soudein deth was overthrowe. ?a1430 Compleynte Virgin (Huntington) l. 73 in (1970) i. 2 O thynke how many a throwe Thow in myn armes lay. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich (1913) II. l. 9949 Ȝoure Ryng to taken me jn this threwe, To ȝoure cosin le-ownces that j myhte it schewe. a1500 (a1460) (1994) I. xx. 238 Peter, thou shall thryse apon a thraw Forsake me or the cok-craw. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil x. xiii. 53 The casting dart..Smate worthy Anthores the ilk thraw. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). thrown.2 Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: throw v.1 Etymology: < throw v.1Compare the following isolated earlier example of a related noun threw , perhaps < the past tense of throw v.1 (compare Forms 2a α. that entry) or from the same ablaut grade of its Germanic base (although it is also possible that it could show an irregular spelling for the present word):a1325 St. Giles (Corpus Cambr. 145) l. 63 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 386 Ac non hond bi a stones þreu nedorste come him ney.The same text also has an apparent derivative of this form, þruȝt (manuscript variants þreut , þreuȝt ), in the same meaning. With sense 1 compare thrawn adj. Earlier currency of sense 1b is implied by Scots (rare) thry perverse, awkward (apparently a contracted form < thraw , variant of throw n.2 + -y suffix1):1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 91 Baith Ralph and Colen try Their outmost art, to mak the lad comply; But he continu'd obstinat an' thry. With sense 11 compare earlier throw-over n. I. Senses relating to throw v.1 I., II. * A twist or contortion, and related senses. 1. Scottish. Chiefly in form thraw. the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > [noun] > an act of the world > space > shape > misshapenness > out of shape [phrase] a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil (1957) ii. iv. l. 9 Twa gret lowpit edderis, with mony thraw [L. immensis orbibus], Fast throu the flude towart the land gan draw. a1585 P. Hume Flyting with Montgomerie (Tullibardine) vi. 44 in (2000) I. 164 The blairit buk..Hes richt trim teith sumquhat sett on ane thraw [1621 in a thraw]. 1632 W. Lithgow x. 465 Each torture consisting of three winding throwes of euery pinne; which amounted to twenty one throwes. a1653 H. Binning (1845) 68 Man's fall from God hath made a wretched thraw and crook in the soul. 1748 Dec. 583/2 This plough, with a right muzzle, and a mould-board made a little longer, with a thraw on the highest part of it. 1786 R. Burns (1968) I. 160 She turns the key, wi' cannie thraw. 1814 W. Scott III. i. 4 Deil be wi' me if I do not give your craig [i.e. neck] a thraw . View more context for this quotation 1823 J. Galt II. xx. 193 It seems to me that there's a thraw in the judgment o' the family. 1936 J. G. Horne 37 The thraw o' the back-door key. 1955 W. P. Milne xi. 118 Gin ye wis tae get it cad weel intae the kite o' some peer breet an' seen giet't a bit o' a thraa, it wadna dee his puddins nae gweed. the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > perverseness > instance of 1788 R. Galloway 93 Lasses were kiss'd..Nor seem'd to tak it ill, Wi' thraw that day. 1814 J. Train 113 Auld Lucky Nature..unto Miss Scotia, just out of a thraw, She gave a bleak wilderness, barren and raw. 1874 T. Bruce in J. MacIntosh (1910) 233 Agents an' corks, in ruthless thra, Sought out each scob an' tear. 1904 ‘H. Foulis’ xxi. 134 She took an awfu' thraw yince at yin o' the elders. 1978 D. Toulmin 36 Forbie was in a thraw that summer about half-days off. the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun] > grimace or distortion 1790 D. Morison 189 And tauntingly she'll gi'e her face a thraw. 1855 H. Ainslie 26 Our Lairdie gi'e his mouth a thraw. 1884 D. Grant 99 Most met the lads wi' ready mou's, And never gae a thraw. 1888 G. G. B. Sproat 228 Dinna gang scowlin' roun' wi' a thraw on your face. the world > space > direction > in the direction that [phrase] > in opposite directions 1728 A. Ramsay II. 87 A laigh Hut, where sax thegither, Ly Heads and Thraws on Craps of Heather. 1765 4 cvi. 462 They lay root-ends and crop-ends together, or, as is commonly called, heads and thraws. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose vi, in 3rd Ser. III. 269 The great barn would hold fifty more, if they would lie heads and thraws. 1825 J. Jamieson Suppl. Heads-and-thraws, with the heads and feet, or heads and points, lying in opposite directions... To play at heads and thraws, to play at push-pin. 1897 S. MacManus 85 Themselves lying heads and thraws among the goods. 1913 July 12/1 No rational plan was in the town's arrangement; it lay all heads and thraws in a nook at an angle of the river and the loch. 1996 C. I. Macafee 356/2 Lying heads and thraws, lying head to toe; also, figuratively, of shoes... In disorder, mixed up. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > spun > in specific way > twisted 1873 R. Browning iv. 272 That stalk whereto her hermitage She tacked by golden throw of silk. ** A rotary machine or mechanism, and related senses. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > lathe > [noun] 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Pharmaceut. Shop i, in sig. Pppv Boxes are..either made with a throwe [L. torno], or composed of a thin broad chip. 1659 C. Hoole tr. J. A. Comenius (1777) 89 The turner sitting over the treddle, turneth with a throw. 1792 78 The appellant..frequently, for his own amusement, uses a throw or lathe, and other turning instruments, in one of the rooms of the dwelling house in question for an hour or two in a day. 1845 VIII. 454 The jigger, also called a throw, is larger than, yet much resembling a lapidary's wheel. 1879 J. J. Holtzapffel IV. 29 The potter's lathe or ‘throw’... The term throw, also applied to the clock throw. 1892 M. C. F. Morris Gloss. 388 Throw, (pr[onounced] thraw), a lathe for turning. 1917 B. E. Jones xv. 115 To undertake the job with any chance of success, a small good lathe, or a large pair of clock turns or clockmaker's ‘throw’, a bench, vice, numerous small files, drills, broaches, etc., will be wanted. 1925 G. F. C. Gordon 12 Another objection to the ordinary throw is that it is so low in the centres that it will not take a long-case pallet staff with its crutch. 1975 A. Smith ii. 57/1 This nicely made lathe, sometimes described as a clockmaker's throw, was advertised as a ‘Gentleman's Leath with wood complete’ in 1801. 5. Mechanics. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > control(s) > [noun] > valve > slide > action of 1792 24 Nov. 4/3 A Cleansing Well, and two Pumps, with Lead Barrels, Brass Work, and two-throw Cranks. 1829 (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. Hydraulics ii. 12 Keeping two or..three pumps constantly at work by what is called a triple or three-throw crank. 1841 6 Mar. 195/1 The direction of the eccentric rod would be from K to J, and the extremities of the throw would be where the line J K intersects the circumference of the circle described by the eccentric in its revolution. 1846 J. Bourne 240/2 If, for example, the throw of the valve is to be made twice the throw of the eccentric, then this can only be accomplished by making the valve lever twice the length of the eccentric lever. 1869 W. S. Auchincloss (ed. 2) 76 Hitherto we have considered the eccentric as a fixed body keyed to the main shaft, with its centre line or throw inclined at a certain angle to the crank arm. 1873 U.S. Patent 144,059 in (U.S. Patent Office) 28 Oct. 636/2 The eccentric is of that kind in which means are provided for adjusting the throw. 1889 P. N. Hasluck 77 When the space between the bearings is limited, that part of the rod forming the crank throws, is made elliptical in section. 1904 W. J. Lineham 637 The eccentricity..must be measured from centre of eccentric sheave to centre of shaft. This amount we shall sometimes call the throw. 1912 18 751/1 The throw of the cam is governed by bolting the strap D into the T-slots in the lathe carriage by means of the T-bolts. 1991 V. A. W. Hillier (ed. 4) v. 21/2 The same word ‘throw’ is also used in a slightly different sense: it is the name given to a crank pin together with its adjacent webs and main journals. Thus fig. 5.1 illustrates a single-throw crankshaft. 2015 J. Erjavec & R. Thompson (ed. 6) ix. 217/1 The crank throw is the distance from the crankshaft's main bearing centerline to the connecting rod journal centerline. An engine's stroke is twice the crank throw. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > lever > [noun] > extent through which lever may be moved 1846 G. D. Dempsey iv. 24 In fig. 3 a peculiar kind of switch is shown, which, from its being adapted to open a communication between three lines, is called a three-throw switch. 1863 11 361/1 In all these cloth-propelling mechanisms provision is made for varying the throw of the feeder so as to enable stitches of any desired length to be obtained. 1902 T. O'C. Sloane App. Throw-Over Switch, a double throw knife switch designed to connect a three wire system in a building either to a three wire street main or to a single source on the two wire system. 1931 C. E. Munroe & J. E. Tiffany 38 Many of the circuits..are provided with single-throw double-knife switches in close proximity to the blasting machine. 1975 Sept. 533/3 These are toggle type switches,..and protrude quite appreciably from the facia. They therefore have quite a long throw. 1979 Jan. 41/2 The wind-on lever has a short throw of around 120 degrees. 2005 Nov. 86/1 Wrap your fingers around the heavy but precise short-throw shifter and you're good to go. 2014 A. Joseph viii. 258/1 An arm of variable throw provides oscillatory motion by moving the current meter back and forth at the desired period and amplitude. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > (a) deviation from straight course 1858 R. Mallet in i. 94 The obliquity of throw of each of the balls..from their respective cardinal and vertical planes. the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric current > [noun] > measurement of galvanic currents > apparatus for > deflection of needle 1861 W. Thomson & F. Jenkin in 4th Ser. 22 205 (table) First throw of needle. 1890 E. Atkinson tr. A. Ganot (ed. 13) x. ii. 794 When a current of very small duration is passed through a galvanometer, a momentary deflection or swing or throw of the needle will be produced. 1902 T. O'C. Sloane Throw, in a galvanometer, the instantaneous deflection of the needle when the contact or closing of the circuit is instantaneous, or when the discharge is completed before the needle begins to move. 1931 L. B. Loeb xxiii. 272 Even the first throw of the galvanometer has not the true value which it would have had in the absence of damping. 1993 I. G. Main (ed. 3) iv. 49 The most convenient parameter to measure as an indication of the vertical scaling is the ‘throw’: the maximum displacement, attained on the first excursion. the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > fault the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > discontinuity or unconformity > [noun] > fault > upthrust or downcast 1796 B. Outram in (Royal Soc.) 86 351 A fault, throw, or break of the strata, which was filled with shale. 1829 J. Phillips iv. 109 There is also a very decided dislocation ranging up Lunedale, (independent of slight throws accompanying the Whin dyke of Greengate and Wommersgill). 1855 J. R. Leifchild 86 The ‘throw’ or perpendicular distance between the corresponding strata on the opposites of a vein, varies from a few inches to thirty or forty, or even a hundred fathoms. 1910 No. 407 16 East of Beatty, however, a fault of very great throw brings to the present surface the oldest of the rhyolite flows. 1954 J. F. Kirkaldy ii. 29 The effect of dip faults is to shift the outcrops up the dip on the downthrow side of the fault, the amount of displacement depending on the throw of the fault, the dip of the beds and, to a less extent, on the form of the ground. 2006 114 452/2 The eastern fault, Hrafnagja, has a throw reaching 20 m and comprises segments in various stages of linkage. II. Senses relating to throw v.1 III.the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > [noun] > an act of 1530 J. Palsgrave 233/1 Hurle or throwe with a stone, coup de pierre. 1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides i. vi. f. xxvii They passed through right great dangier of many throwes, that the enemys dyd cast against them. 1590 E. Spenser ii. v. sig. Q5v He hewd, and lasht, and foynd, and thondred blowes..Ne plate, ne male could ward so mighty throwes. a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub iv. ii. 49 in (1640) III Thou didst stand sixe weekes the Iack of Lent, For boyes to hoorle, three throwes a penny, at thee. 1663 J. Mayne tr. Lucian sig. Xx4 The Quoiter..stands wryed in a Gesture ready to deliver, with his quoit hand reverst, and one knee bent, as if he meant to vary posture, and rise with his throw. 1752 Game at Cricket in Nov. 581/2 If in running a notch, the wicket is struck down by a throw..it's out. 1772 I. vi. 342 There has been a practice carried on by some particular farmers.., who think it the best way to sow oats by a single throw of them over the whole ground. 1847 J. H. Ingraham ix. 47 He stood on the extremity of a fallen tree with the rope coiled ready for a throw. 1884 (ed. 3) I. ii. 45 Keep the shovellers back at least 10 feet from the edge of the excavation; otherwise they interfere with the throw of the diggers. 1909 Oct. 729/1 The event calls for each contestant to make three throws, the longest throw to count. 1976 18 June 23/1 Mr D. Thorneyecroft,..with a throw of 125 ft., won the Welly-throwing competition. 2010 17 July (Nexis) An errant throw sailed wide of the pitcher. 8. spec.society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > throw 1538 T. Elyot Addicion Bolus, a throw or cast at dyse. 1563 L. Humphrey iii. sig. t.xi Some so profyte in madnes, that theyr whole enheritance, they set at one vnhappy throwe. 1577 R. Stanyhurst Hist. Irelande iii. 84/1 in R. Holinshed I Fall how it will, this throwe is for an huddle. 1600 W. Shakespeare ii. i. 33 The greater throw May turne by fortune from the weaker hand. View more context for this quotation a1667 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. Ephes. v. 32–33 in (1831) I. 319 They..cast a die..of the greatest interest in the world, next to the last throw for eternity. 1702 No. 3839/4 The most at Three Throws is to have him. 1759 Hist. in 8/1 This able general, who never risques his fortune on a single throw, began to think of a retreat. 1850 F. W. Robertson (1872) 3rd Ser. ii. 24 The gambler who improvidently stakes all upon a moment's throw. 1878 R. B. Smith 259 They had ventured their all, or nearly their all, on this one final throw. 1906 10 Feb. 19/2 There are those..who believe the mine workers will stake all on this one final throw. 1966 C. Wannier ii. 30 One might wish to verify the honesty of the dice by working out the average number of eyes in a throw. 2013 G. Gilder iii. 21 The likelihood that any particular facet of a die turns up in a throw of dice is one-sixth. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [noun] > fishing with net > cast of net 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus I. Acts ii. f. 11 This was the firste caste and throwe of his nette [L. iactus retis]. 1659 tr. St Augustine in i. viii. 19 At one throw (letting down the net of Divine exhortation) he drew up thirty young men together who stuck fast in the mudd of an impure conversacion. 1687 J. Dryden ii. 34 With the self same throw, To catch the quarry, and the vermin too. 1713 J. Crull 4 He made a throw in the River, and brought up a Net full of Fish. 1767 F. Fawkes tr. Theocritus i. 8 Intent he stands t'enclose the fish below, Lifts a large net, and labours at the throw. 1851 H. Newland 75 For the trout, the gillaroo, and the jenkin, the northern shore affords the best throws. 1867 F. Francis v. 134 When..he can manage this throw. 1904 June 332/2 I made..several casts into a series of rapids ahead of me and, lengthening my line with each throw, finally made a long cast to one side. 1982 Autumn 59/1 One of the best ‘throws’ was from the town bridge—standing on a wooden box supplied by your ghillie. 2007 (Nexis) 24 June (Sports section) 3 As I swung the net back before the throw, the bait would scatter. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun] > manoeuvres 1698 R. South III. 99 It..has been ever since the Devil's strategem; who like an Expert Wrestler usually gives a Man a Lift, before he gives Him a Throw. 1783 W. Beckford xiii. 155 The wrestlers..filled me with disgust: I cried out, For heaven's sake! give the throw, and have done. 1819 4 236 The Irish trump again got the throw. 1861 F. A. Paley (ed. 2) 331 (note) ἀτρίακτος, ‘invincible,’ from the three throws of a wrestler. 1930 Jan. 121/2 Pard Strong..is brushing up on various holds and throws in an earnest attempt to win the approaching Inter-fraternity wrestling tournament. 1958 E. Dominy Introd. 5 All judoka must study and practise the basic throws—such as the Hip Throw. 2017 (Nexis) 15 Jan. 10 Hapkido, a Korean martial art using pressure point strikes, joint locks, and throws. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > [noun] > a ball bowled > illegal delivery 1851 J. Pycroft xi. 229 The more common throw, under pretence of bowling, results from the hand being first bent on the fore-arm, and then power of delivery being gained by the sudden lash out and straightening of the elbow. 1883 31 Aug. 2/1 It is apparent to cricketers that at the present time it is not every umpire who knows what a throw is. 1901 5 Jan. 361/2 There is no satisfactory definition of a ‘throw’. What one man conscientiously regards as ‘throwing’, another—equally conscientiously—passes as bowling. 1995 (Nexis) 14 Dec. 48 Tony Crafter says it is difficult for an umpire at the wicket, preoccupied with the bowler's front foot, to call a throw. 2017 (Nexis) 7 Aug. 25 Tony Lock's faster ball..always seemed more like a throw than an orthodox delivery. the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > felling trees 1879 R. Jefferies 289 While all these throws of timber have successively taken place, no attempt has been made to fill up the gaps. 1880 R. Jefferies ix. 173 Tibbald..whispered to me..to say a good word for him with Hilary about the throw of oak that was going on in one part of the Chace. 1905 Apr. 219/1 A method somewhat similar to that of tree-felling, where the direction of the throw is regulated by the cut made in the wood. 1978 9 Feb. 381/1 With lakes and muskeg swamps and hurricane throws of timber to contend with it's impossible to keep on a fixed course. the world > space > distance > [noun] > limit of distance or reach > to which a thing may be thrown the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > [noun] > distance to which anything may be thrown 1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus iii. f. 26 By the time he had made these exhortacions they were come within throwe of their dartes [L. ad teli iactum]. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda i. lxvii. 138 The enimyes were come, within the throwe of a Dart. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. ii. 23 Like to a Bowle vpon a subtle ground I haue tumbled past the throw . View more context for this quotation 1670 J. Ogilby ii. xviii. 376 A Stones-throw from the Governor's House lies the Jesuits Cloyster. 1704 J. Swift Full Acct. Battel between Bks. in 263 The two Cavaliers had now approach'd within the Throw of a Lance. 1712 J. Arbuthnot ix. 16 She stank so no body durst come within a Stone's throw of her. 1877 E. Peacock at Kirk [The church] is one of two which were built within a hammer's throw of each other by two sisters. 1888 Jan. 177/1 Sides are chosen by the leaders, and line marked out, about a spear's-throw apart. 1922 25 Mar. 8/3 As I sit here in the Halliday Hotel.., the Ohio river runs swiftly a pebble's throw away. 1973 21 June (Cricket section) p. iv/6 Most of the towns are a mere cricket ball's throw away from one another. 2010 (Nexis) 24 June 3 A rare opportunity to acquire a two-bedroom, two-storey house..in an enviable setting within a throw of the beach. 10. An attempt or go at something. a. to have a throw at. 1651 C. Cob x. 248 All the Legions of Hell will be sure to have a throw at this City. 1698 J. Collier iii. 101 The Old Batchelour has a Throw at the Dissenting Ministers. 1722 E. Ward 30 My Cherub..Could not forbear to have a Throw at this strange Pigmy of a Beau. 1850 Apr. 333/1 Mr. Shaw had a throw at me when he said that he preferred practice to theory. 1876 20 105/2 When such a man comes out..he is to be attacked by everybody—all are to have a throw at him. 1915 5 Sept. 23/2 The ‘Argus’, never sorry to have a throw at a Labor Minister, told Senator Pearce..that his Government should have gone neck and crop over Mr. Justice Rich's report. 2017 @AningYeboah_ 14 July in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I'd have a throw at you if you succeeded in signing Lukaku but sadly, he chose a bigger and much better club to play for. 1895 S. R. Crockett l We will hae a thraw at it, to see if we canna break through the Thieves' Hole. 1957 13 Jan. a4/2 Boys who want to have a throw at the fame and fortune that comes to a Soap Box Derby winner can now start getting ready. 1987 D. Walther i. 40 There ensued a long discussion with all the men trying to talk Pendergast into accepting the challenge. To have a throw at it. 2011 (Nexis) 26 Mar. 52 Chris Waller..will have a throw at gaining even more representation via today's final qualifiers. society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > [adverb] > at the rate of 1886 4 Nov. 2/4 When a feller is thirsty.., with whiskey ten or fifteen cents a throw, why, bay rum is as good a bracer as you want. 1898 F. P. Dunne 101 Smaller thin New York, but th' livin' was cheaper, with Mon'gahela rye at five a throw, put ye'er hand around th' glass. 1931 ‘D. Stiff’ 177 Beer or wine at a jitney a throw. 1958 B. Malamud 30 A column..inviting contributions in the form of stories at five bucks the thousand-word throw. 1966 N. Freeling i. 38 Coffee-table books..at a hundred and forty francs the throw. 1975 Winter 153 The cost of research... The BBC Archives charge £2 a throw. 2006 5 Aug. 51/6 He commands £10,000 a throw for his appearances. 11. Originally U.S. A piece of material draped or placed over something. Cf. Compounds 2, throw-over n. 2. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for head or neck or body > [noun] > shawl 1887 16 Dec. A beautiful line of lace collars, fine Swiss embroidered aprons, Sultana throws, oxidized jewelry. 1938 8 Nov. 7/3 The bride..wore a twin marten fur throw. 1952 E. Ferber ii. 14 I'm only going to buy a little white mink cape throw. 2007 (Nexis) 5 Oct. e32 The portrait depicts a woman clad in a sumptuous yellow dress..with a fur throw over one shoulder. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > covers or hangings > [noun] > cover for furniture 1888 24 Jan. When you want yarns for your afghans, slumber robes, chair throws, etc. Come direct to headquarters. 1895 Spring & Summer 13/1 Drapery Silk... Suitable for throws, sash curtains, mantel drapes, etc. 1936 W. Greene ii. 142 Her last summer's scarf made a throw over the pine table. 1963 G. S. Maxwell iii. 30 Continuing south we come to the city of Gallup, a center for the inexpensive rug known as a ‘Throw’. 1980 M. McMullen (1981) xvii. 195 She..brought a plaid throw and tenderly tucked it in around him. 2015 (Nexis) 25 July (Travel section) 22 The supremely comfy beds are dressed in soft cotton sheets topped off with local wool throws. Phrases1768 L. Sterne I. 120 It is not mal a propos to take notice here, that tho' La Fleur availed himself but of two different terms of exclamation in this encounter—namely, Diable! and Peste! that there are nevertheless three, in the French language..one or the other of which serve for every unexpected throw of the dice in life. 1844 2 Nov. 705/1 Behold a last desperate throw of the dice from the prison-house—a speculative and desponding appeal to the proverbial uncertainty of the law. 1912 H. James Let. 10 Dec. in H. James & E. Wharton (1990) iv. 243 I am staking all on a throw of the dice. 1951 27 June 6/5 They have not wanted to risk everything on a single throw of the dice. 1998 L. Forbes (1999) 383 As sure as I can be. Everyone's fascinated by Prosper's new technology. They figure this is his last throw of the dice. 2014 H. Jacobson 306 Kevern is not her last throw of the dice. Compounds C1. attributive and appositive, with the sense ‘operating as, or by means of, a mechanical throw (in various senses of branch I.**)’. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > converters > cranks 1858 J. Slight & R. S. Burn 381 In fig. 476, b b is the throw-crank. 1867 R. Hunt (ed. 6) II. 783 A carrier, which is made to advance and recede alternately by means of a throw-crank. 1950 63 390 There the shaft was driven through a throw-crank motion by an 18-r.p.m., ¼-h.p. gear-motor. 1888 374 Throw Disc, the disc of a slotting machine which actuates the ram..through the medium of a short connecting rod. 1954 80 315/2 The engine employed is a ‘Villiers’ 70c.c. 2-stroke, with power transmitted through a gear drive to a throw-disc. 1968 Oct. 766/2 The transmission..terminates in a rack and pinion type drive to the head, which by adjustment of an accentric [?read eccentric] throw disc, can deliver a set pitch of flattened material direct into the press tooling on each machine cycle. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > lathe > [noun] > other lathes 1875 E. H. Knight III. 2564/2 Throw-lathe, a small lathe which is driven by one hand, while the tool is managed by the other. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > lever > [noun] > others 1866 4 July 142/1 The combination of the friction-spring and adjustable stops of the throw-lever y, with the jog-bar and its stop-pin. 1958 (Office of Federal Register, U.S.) i. 91/1 Universal connections used to transmit the release power from the throw lever to the hook release shall be set up in a jig with the angles of leads set at 0, 30, and 60 degrees, respectively. 2016 P. Sweeney vi. 121 Check that the bolts or the throw levers don't interfere with anything else on the rifle. 1803 17 Sept. (advt.) Sets of Joiner's Tools, with a Throw-Wheel and Frame. 1884 F. J. Britten (new ed.) 255 Throw, a clockmaker's ‘dead centre’ lathe... A gut connects the large throw wheel with a small pulley rotating freely on the lathe centre. 2003 T. Mercer i. 32 He was a flawless craftsman and all his work was done between centres and simple tools, using the bow or a throw wheel and turning with Lancashire steel gravers. C2. Originally U.S. Appositive and similative (in sense 11). a. 1926 19 Dec. b15/4 Rugs, bed sets, throw cushions, sewing cabinets. 2017 (Nexis) 27 May The modern interior has a bright retro look, including striking wallpaper, 1960s-style furniture and bright throw cushions. 1926 30 July 6/1 A big assortment of large over-stuffed throw pillows with high grade sateen covers. 2011 3 Oct. 55/2 We picked out some throw pillows and a phalaenopsis orchid. 1909 27 Sept. 6/5 Velvet throw rugs, $2.25 each. 1951 J. Jones xlviii. 722 When Alma came home from work and found him passed out on the throwrug in front of the divan, she blew her top. 2003 Sept. 101/2 Substitute throw rugs for wall-to-wall carpets. b. 1955 26 Jan. 2/2 Smart throw style plisse bedspread. 2017 (Nexis) 23 Feb. Anne-Marie looks ready for bed in this pink nightie and throw-style wrap. 1939 20 July 3/2 Throw type washable seat covers. 2010 24 Apr. 9/1 Some throw-type slipcovers are loose-fitting. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). throwv.1 Inflections: Past tense threw  /θruː/; past participle thrown Brit. /θrəʊn/, U.S. /θroʊn/; Forms: 1. Present stem. α. Old English þrawan, Old English ðrawan, Middle English þrauþ (3rd singular present indicative), Middle English þrauwe, Middle English þrawe, Middle English–1500s thraw, Middle English–1500s thrawe; English regional 1700s–1900s thraw, 1800s draw (south-western), 1800s thra (northern), 1800s thra' (northern), 1800s thrah (northern), 1800s–1900s thraa (northern); Scottish pre-1700 thrau, pre-1700 thrawe, pre-1700 1700s– thraw, 1800s traw (Shetland and Orkney), 1800s– thra', 1800s– thraa, 1800s– traa (Shetland and Orkney), 1900s tra (Shetland); Irish English 1800s draugh (Wexford), 1800s– thraw, 1900s– thra, 1900s– thraa; N.E.D. (1912) also records a form Middle English thrau. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xviii. 177 Se wælhreowa [het] hine..mid hengene ðrawan.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 17 God þrauþ doun prede.c1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 101 Thrawe it þorgh a streynour.1581 J. Hamilton Catholik Traictise Epist. f. 6v The scripture, quhilk thaj thrau efter yair sensuall iugement.a1628 J. Carmichaell Coll. Prov. in Scots (1957) No. 1003 I sall thraw your neb ane other way.1720 A. Ramsay Wealth (new ed.) 8 I'll thraw my Gab and Gloom.1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Thraa, to throw; also to turn in a lathe.1997 J. Penwarden in J. Whinray Down 'long weth We 23 To thraw cowld soapy waater down the back av your nek. β. Middle English drowe, Middle English thorowe, Middle English throue, Middle English throuwe, Middle English throwȝe, Middle English throyth (3rd singular present indicative), Middle English þro, Middle English þroȝ (imperative), Middle English þroȝe, Middle English þrouwe, Middle English þrow, Middle English þrowe, Middle English þrowgh (imperative), Middle English þrowȝ (imperative), Middle English–1600s throwe, late Middle English thorwe, late Middle English þrowȝt (imperative, perhaps transmission error), late Middle English– throw, 1500s–1600s throe, 1500s–1600s through, 1600s throughe, 1600s trow; English regional 1700s–1800s drow (south-western), 1800s dro (south-western), 1800s thro, 1800s throo, 1800s trow; Scottish pre-1700 thro', pre-1700 throe, pre-1700 throu, pre-1700 through, pre-1700 throwe, pre-1700 1700s– throw; also Irish English 1700s drowe (Wexford), 1900s– thow (northern); U.S. regional (chiefly southern and south Midland) 1800s frow (in African-American usage), 1800s– th'ow, 1800s– thow, 1900s fro (in African-American usage), 1900s t'row (in African-American usage), 1900s– trow (chiefly in African-American usage). a1250 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 16 Wela-wey! deth þe sal þrowen dun [emended in ed. to dun þrowen]. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 13 Þrow not awey þat þou hast to forhonde approved.a1450 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Caius) l. 3777 + 3 Euery knyȝt and hys squyer Fayre queyntyse on hem gunne þrowe.1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Throwe, jacio.c1620 T. Robinson Mary Magdalene (1899) i. xcviii. 819 A newe delusion throughes Her pride as lowe as Phlegetonicke maine.1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 76 I'd throw it [sc. money] all into the Elbe.1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Drow in, to give or accept a challenge in a wrestling or cudgel-playing match.1991 Combat & Survival Nov. 18/1 If your mittens are wet when throwing a grenade, it may freeze to them. 2. Past tense. a. Strong. α. Old English ðreow, early Middle English þreou (south-west midlands), Middle English threew, Middle English threȝ, Middle English threu, Middle English threugh, Middle English threuh, Middle English threwgh, Middle English throuȝe, Middle English throwe, Middle English thruwe, Middle English thrwe, Middle English thrywe, Middle English thrywh, Middle English trewe, Middle English þreewȝ, Middle English þreow (west midlands and south-western), Middle English þreu, Middle English þreuh, Middle English þreuw, Middle English þrevȝ, Middle English þrew, Middle English þrewe, Middle English þrewȝ, Middle English þrogh, Middle English þrowe, Middle English þruw, Middle English þruwe, Middle English þrwe, Middle English–1600s threwe, Middle English– threw, 1500s–1600s thrue, 1900s thræw (English regional (Cumberland)), 1900s thryew (English regional (Yorkshire)); U.S. regional (southern), chiefly in African-American usage 1900s– th'ew, 1900s– thew, 1900s– trew, 1900s– true; Scottish pre-1700 threwe, pre-1700 thrue, pre-1700 1700s– threw, 1800s threow, 1800s threuw, 1800s throo, 1800s–1900s trew (Shetland); also Irish English (northern) 1900s– thew. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxiv. 293 He sona ðreow ðwyres wið þæs windes.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6148 Þa cheorles up þreowen [c1300 Otho þreuwen].c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 201 He..þreuh [B text c1400 Laud 581 threwe, a1450 Cambr. Dd.1.17 throwe; C text a1400 Corpus Cambr. 293 þrew, c1400 Huntington HM 137 þreu] to þe grounde.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 1020 Thom Haliday sone be the craig him threw.?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. C.jv Some threwe out bayte fysshe to catche.1618 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1618–21 (1906) 48 What I found grose I thrue out or cutt.1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 6. ⁋10 The Greeks threw up a great Intrenchment to secure their Navy.1899 J. B. Salmond My Man Sandy (rev. ed.) 128 I throo the key i' the door.1998 Country Life 25 June 102/3 He was a canny angler who threw a marvellous line. β. Irish English 1800s– thrun, 1800s threwn. 1834 S. Lover Legends & Stories Ireland 2nd Ser. 168 He threwn himself off the horse.1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) xv. 365 We cut the tongue from her and thrun it to the dog. γ. chiefly U.S. regional (chiefly in African-American usage) 1800s trow, 1900s– throw. 1851 J. J. Hooper Widow Rugby's Husband 33 Ketchin' de white boy and fetchin' um to ole missus, what trow rock at de young duck.a1999 F. Darabont Green Mile (film script) (O.E.D. Archive) 49 What dat man do to you? He throw some gris-gris on you? δ. 1800s th'own (U.S. regional (in African-American usage)), 1900s– thrown (English regional and U.S. regional). 1884 Anglia 7 253 To the regular forms of the Irregular verbs as used by the whites, the Negro adds the following forms of his own..Past. th'owed, th'own, th'ewed.1900 Longman's Mag. May 43 I thrown a stwun at Earny Mustre.1965–70 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (2012) V. at cited word (Qu. OO30a, Talking about a horse throwing the rider: ‘Last week the same horse —— [his brother]’.) Inf[ormant]s.., Thrown. b. Weak. α. 1500s– throwed (now nonstandard and regional), 1900s– thrawed (Irish English (northern)); English regional 1700s thraad (Yorkshire), 1800s drode (south-western), 1800s drow'd (south-western), 1800s drowed (south-western), 1800s thro'd, 1800s throd, 1800s– thrawed, 1900s thraowed (Worcestershire); also Scottish pre-1700 throuit, 1700s– thrawed, 1800s thraw'd (poetic), 1900s– traad (Shetland); U.S. regional 1800s th'owed (in African-American usage), 1800s trowed (in African-American usage), 1800s– thowed, 1800s– throwed, 1900s– throde. 1589 T. Bright Abridgement Foxe's Actes & Monuments 58 Eulalia..throwed the idols down.1666 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 315 Þt..hee throwed downe into the trench.1792 R. Bage Man as he Is IV. ciii. 123 As imprimis, I throwed dice.1871 D. G. Rossetti Stratton Water xxxvii The empty boat thrawed i' the wind, Against the postern tied.1932 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Sunset Song in Scots Quair (1995) 249 He chased the hens and thrawed their necks for the hospital trade.2003 High Country News 17 Mar. 7/1 When we come in, we just throwed the dead jackrabbit in the shop. β. U.S. regional 1800s th'ewed (in African-American usage), 1800s– threwed. 1863 in S. G. Hall Appalachian Ohio & Civil War, 1862–1863 (c2000) 152 The rebels fell on our right and left as we threwed their ranks in confusion.1957 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 101 288 So he took his pants off and threwed them away. γ. 1900s– throwned (nonstandard, rare). 1915 Work with Boys May 193 If they throwned a rock, they couldn't hit anything anyhow.2012 A. J. Prince Soul Exposed IV. 228 A truck full of HBBs passed near our house, one of them throwned away a mango half eaten on the ground. 3. Past participle. a. Strong. α. early Old English geðraun- (in inflected forms), early Old English geðræwen, early Old English ðræwen (in prefixed forms, not ge-), Old English geþrawen, Old English geþrawn- (in inflected forms), Old English geðrawen, Old English (in prefixed forms, not ge-)–Middle English þrawen, early Middle English þrauwen, Middle English iþrowen, Middle English jþrowen, Middle English thrawen, Middle English thrawyn, Middle English throwun, Middle English trowen, Middle English þrewen, Middle English þrowen, Middle English þrowun, Middle English þrowyn, Middle English þrwen, Middle English ythrown, Middle English yþrowen, Middle English (1500s northern) thrawne, Middle English–1500s throwin, Middle English–1500s throwyn, Middle English–1600s throwne, Middle English–1600s (1800s–1900s English regional) throwen, 1500s trowne, 1600s– thrown, 1900s– thown (U.S. regional), 1900s– thrun (Irish English); English regional (northern) 1800s thrawan, 1800s–1900s thraan, 1800s–1900s thrawn; Scottish pre-1700 thrauen, pre-1700 thrauin, pre-1700 thraune, pre-1700 thravin, pre-1700 thrawane, pre-1700 thrawin, pre-1700 thrawine, pre-1700 thrawne, pre-1700 thrawyn, pre-1700 throne, pre-1700 throuin, pre-1700 throun, pre-1700 throune, pre-1700 throwen, pre-1700 throwin, pre-1700 throwne, pre-1700 throwun, pre-1700 1700s– thrawn, pre-1700 1700s– thrown, pre-1700 1800s thrawen, 1800s thraan, 1900s– traan (Shetland). eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xiv. 87 Forðæm bið gefæsðnod ðæt geðræwene twin to ðæm wlite ðæs mæssehrægles.eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn Minor Lat.-Old Eng. Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 106 Bisso retorto : hwite twine geþrawen.a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 95 Wel him ðe is clene iþrowen and hafð ðat faire scrud of charite.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13655 Heȝe hare-marken..sixti þusende þrauwen mid winde. ▸ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxvii. 18 Vs throwun with greet tempest.1483 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 89074) (1881) 385 Thrawen, tornalis.1591 R. Bruce Serm. Edinb. sig. R1v When hee hath thrawne all these good turnes out of them.1644 in S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands (1822) 597 Scho..cam scouring hame..having her head thrawin backward to her back.1647 H. Hammond Of Power of Keyes iii. 30 He had thus confidently thrown off these Epistles from being written by Ignatius.1740 Daily Gaz. 19 Dec. John Cotton was thrown on his Face in his Shop.1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 49 Whan skirlan weans, by mithers thrawn, are yellochan an' greetan.1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well I. ix. 224 He winna bide being thrawn.1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxii. 188 George had thrown the great cast.1902 M. M. Bodkin Shillelagh & Shamrock 84 I leant on the marin' fence, and I thought maybe soon it would be thrun down.1913 H. P. Cameron tr. Thomas à Kempis Of Imitation of Christ iii. iii. 83 [Words] arena tae be thrawn for an ydil pensieness, bot are tae be heard i' whust.2006 D. Purves Draiglin Hogney (SCOTS) The hair that soud hae been thrawn owre the hawk.2012 M. Buma Refereeing Identity 3 The goal had thrown a blanket on the fire of our collective hopes. β. Middle English ethrowe, Middle English ithrowe, Middle English iþrow, Middle English iþrowe, Middle English thraw, Middle English thrawe, Middle English throwe, Middle English þrawe, Middle English þrouȝe, Middle English þrouwe, Middle English þrow, Middle English þrowe, Middle English ythrow, Middle English ythrowe, Middle English ytrowe, Middle English yþrawe, Middle English yþrow, Middle English yþrowe, 1500s idrow; Scottish pre-1700 thraw; N.E.D. (1912) also records forms Middle English þraw, Middle English yþraw. ?a1300 Maximian (Digby) l. 86 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 95 Ȝong ich wes, I-cnowe, Mine lokes were I-þrowe, And nou her nabbi non.c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 9306 Baners and castels adoun yþrawe. ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 327 Þe knyȝt þat hadde i-þrow hym downe.1483 tr. Adam of Eynsham Reuelation xxxi They..were greuysly caste and throwe fro one place to anothir.a1525 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Trin. Dublin) (1896) 18 Thay lay all I-drow a-doune and I-cast to grond. γ. regional and nonstandard 1700s– threw. 1781 Pennsylvania Jrnl. 16 May 1/3 Had not a gentleman threw out.1833 A. Jackson Let. in Correspondence (1931) 12 A very insulting and irritating speech by wilde of Georgia which has threw the whole of Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio into a flame.1970 in P. Herbst Rolling Stone Interviews (1981) 92/2 If I'd have threw it in the audience the kids would've cut themselves up.1986 S. Baxter & A. Mitchell Stanley Baxter's Bedside Bk. Glasgow Humour i. 2 No' since yon night when Big Bella McLeish was threw oot the pub.1992 B. Unsworth Sacred Hunger xiii. 96 They have threw you down here. δ. 1800s threuwn (Scottish (southern)), 1800s– threwn (regional and nonstandard). 1832 S. Lover Legends & Stories Irel. 38 He was murthered..and threwn into the lake abow.1872 R. M. Gilbert in All Year Round 8 June 96 It's the divil's partin' fling has threwn a fistful o' dust in their eyes.1966 J. Oliansky Shame, Shame on Johnson Boys x. 217 He'd of threwn your ass out of here by now. ε. U.S. regional 1900s t'row, 1900s– throw. 1922 A. E. Gonzales Black Border 335 T'row..thrown.1966–7 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (2012) V. at cited word (Qu. OO30a, Talking about a horse throwing the rider: ‘John got a bad horse and was —— [off]’.) Inf[ormant]s.., Throw. b. Weak. α. 1500s– throwed (now nonstandard and regional), 1800s– thrawed (Irish English (northern)); English regional (chiefly south-western) 1700s drode, 1800s drawed, 1800s drow'd, 1800s–1900s drowed, 1800s–1900s thrawed; also Scottish 1800s– thrawed; U.S. regional 1800s– throwed, 1900s t'row'd (in African-American usage), 1900s– th'owed, 1900s– thowed. 1597 T. Beard Theatre Gods Iudgements 232 Victuals..were by them shamefully throwed vnder feet.1632 L. Anderton in tr. E. Campion Campian Englished 93 The Magdeburgians haue throwed this imputation.1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) i. 177 Dest tha thenk ees ded tell't to tha to ha'et a drode vore agen?1878 R. Jefferies Gamekeeper at Home i. 14 In the spring when the oak timber is throwed.1914 Sat. Evening Post 3 Oct. 20/3 This should ought to of gave me a record of 16 wins and 0 defeats because the only games I lost was throwed away behind me.1930 C. E. Mulford Deputy Sheriff xiii. 168 ‘This place ain't no damn' honkatonk, stranger,’ reproved the bar-tender... ‘Folks get throwed outa here sometimes.’1968 E. J. Gaines in A. Chapman New Black Voices (1972) 91 He wiped his mouth and throwed his cup on his bunk.1995 M. L. Settle Choices i. iii. 49 The rest was in company shacks and they got throwed out.2008 R. E. Guiley Witches & Wiccans iii. 40 His head was thrawed severely, and still he denied. β. 1700s 1900s threwed (nonstandard, rare). 1770 A. Fisher New Eng. Exercise Bk. 20 A Neighbour of mine had his Leg broke 5 many others Were threwed down, and much hurt.1912 W. A. Drumgoole Island of beautiful things 29 He was threwed in the ditch when he was sticking at his post. γ. 1800s– throwned (nonstandard, now rare). 1835 Silk Culturist June 24/1 The method by which said silk has been reeled or throwned.1919 Jrnl. Electr. Workers & Operators July 639/1 You can buy some of the shacks that are simply throwned together. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian drāia , Old Saxon thrāian (Middle Low German dreyen ), Old Dutch thrāen (only as past participle gethrāt ; Middle Dutch draeyen , Dutch draaien ), Old High German drāen (Middle High German dræjen , German drehen ), all weak verbs with senses relating to twisting or turning, probably < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek τείρειν to rub, to bore, to distress (compare Teredo n.), classical Latin terere to rub (compare trite adj.), Old Church Slavonic tĭrǫšte (participle) rubbing, Russian teret′ to rub, to grind, Lithuanian tirti to investigate, (with nasal infix) trinti to rub, although the exact nature of the relationship between the Germanic forms and those in other languages is uncertain.Old English. In Old English a strong verb of Class VII. The cognates in other Germanic languages inflect as weak verbs of Class I, but compare the rare Middle Dutch strong past tense form drieu . Such variation in inflection type within and between languages is also attested for some other Class VII verbs (compare e.g. know v. and sow v.1). However, the weak inflections of throw in English (Forms 2b and 3b) are a late and secondary development. In Old English the prefixed form aþrāwan to twist, curl, to divert (compare a- prefix1) is also attested (only in past participle); compare also beþrāwan bethrow v. (only attested in past participle), and samodþrāwan , an element-by-element gloss of classical Latin contorquēre to twist, twist around, to hurl (compare samed adv.). The verb is comparatively rare in extant Old English sources (even taking into account prefixed forms and derivatives: see throwing n.2 1a, thrown adj.), especially in finite forms. With sense 8 compare use of thrown adj. in Old English with reference to thread (see thrown adj. 1a) and compare quot. OE2 at sense 1a. Later semantic development. The original sense ‘to twist, turn’ remained in the north, and in certain technical uses (see branches I. and II.); otherwise senses relating to casting and hurling (branch III.) became more prominent in the Middle English period, superseding Old English weorpan warp v. Form history. Middle English forms such as present stem þroȝe (Forms 1β. ), past tense þrevȝ (Forms 2aα. ), etc. should probably be interpreted as showing inverted spellings for -w- (compare discussion at G n.), although in Old English and early Middle English the word was apparently also occasionally confused with threa v. (compare the forms at that entry). Perhaps compare also throw n.1 and the discussion at throe n. In Older Scots the word shows unexpectedly early attestation of forms with -o- (rather than northern -a- ) in the present tense and past participle. It is unlikely that there is any influence of throw v.2 Semantic influence of throe n. on some Older Scots uses seems quite likely (compare especially sense 2b and later throe v. 1) but would not explain the form. Compare Older Scots uses of throwing adj. and the discussion of quot. a1547 at that entry. I. To twist, to turn; to wrench, warp, contort. 1. the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > writhe or twist [verb (transitive)] OE Ælfric (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xviii. 177 Se wælhreowa [het] hine hon on heardre hengene and his sidan bærnan..and mid hengene ðrawan to langere hwile. OE Ælfric (Julius) (1881) I. 202 Þa wearð se arleasa gehathyrt, and het hi on hencgene astreccan, and ðrawan swa swa wiððan wælhreowlice. ?a1300 Maximian (Digby) l. 86 in C. Brown (1932) 95 (MED) Ȝong ich wes, I-cnowe, Mine lokes were I-þrowe, And nou her nabbi non. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 194 Þe tayl..þrawen wyth a þwong, a þwarle-knot alofte. 1488 (c1478) Hary (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 410 Than xxty men he gert fast wetheis thraw,..Than festnyt thai with wetheis duris fast. c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece sig. C.iiiiv Apperit than ane multitude of wormis thrawing thaym self out of syndry hollis and boris of this tre. 1583 in (1910) VI. 356 [They] forcit thame..be towis thrawin about their heidis..to reveal the money which they had been keeping for some better hap. a1598 D. Fergusson (1641) sig. E3v Thraw the wand while it is green. 1638 in (1860) 516 He..says befoir God, he wald thraw her nose. 1686 Bp. G. Burnet 80 There was reason to suspect some underhand dealing, tho he threw it which way he pleased. 1769 in D. Herd 325 There are twa hens into the crib,..Make haste and thraw their necks about. 1787 R. Burns (new ed.) 311 When Guilford good our Pilot stood, An' did our hellim thraw, man. 1827 in G. R. Kinloch 6 Ye'll thraw my head aff my hause-bane, And throw me in the sea. 1829 J. T. Brockett (new ed.) Thraw,..to turn. 1844 R. Huddleston 66 Here gangs a wife sae laden'd doon..Wha scarce can thraw her neck ha'f roun, Tae bid guid morn her neighbour. 1894 S. R. Crockett xv. 144 I'll thraw your neck for that, Jerry MacWhirter, when I come back! 1932 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ 278 He chased the hens and thrawed their necks for the hospital trade. 1996 C. I. Macafee 356/2 Throw.., usually Thraw, wring (someone or something's neck). the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > face with expression [verb (intransitive)] > distort a1525 Bk. Sevyne Sagis l. 240 in W. A. Craigie (1925) II. 8 With that ye barne scho wald haf kist He threwe ye face and gart hir mist. 1621 in R. D. McEwan (1908) 67 Thrawing his faice and grinning dispytfullie. a1689 W. Cleland (1697) 31 They gave a gaunt and then they sobed, They threw there faces like Babowns. 1722 A. Ramsay 16 He threw his Gab and girn'd. 1774 85 Whene'er a civil kiss I seek, She turns her head, and thraws her cheek. 1823 J. Hogg Shepherd's Cal. in Mar. 312/1 Ye're something ill for thrawing your mou' at Providence now and then. 1894 R. O. Heslop at Thraa ‘Thraa the mooth’—to twist the mouth, to make a wry face. 1908 May 327/1 Put thae dirt in yer pocket, sir, and dinna thraw yer face. 1955 W. P. Milne xii. 121 Ye canna stan being jobbit wi a new sark withoot thraain yer face. 1600 in R. Pitcairn (1833) II. 178 This deponar threw about the key, than standing in the dure of the heid of the turnepyk. 1641 in J. Stuart (1871) I. 273 No carle that threw about a key of a booth door in Aberdeen. 1796 Session Papers in (1974) IX. 298/1 There was a brass bowl upon the lock of the door, which he thrawed modestly, and tried to open it. 1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf ix, in 1st Ser. I. 173 To thraw the keys, or draw the bolts, or open the grate. 1887 A. Wardrop 238 Sae Johnnie thrawed the key i' the door. 1894 R. O. Heslop at Thraa ‘Thraa the key’—turn the key in its lock. 1955 W. P. Milne iii. 25 A threw the key i' the door an' cam awa up by. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > affect with muscular disorder [verb (transitive)] > sprain or strain 1790 A. Shirrefs Gloss. 37/2 Thraw, to sprain. 1879 A. G. Murdoch 57 Ill-luck an' toil hae early thrawn my back. 1955 W. P. Milne xix. 174 See an' nae bark yer shins, Jock, as weel's thraa yer cweet [i.e. ankle]. 1999 D. Omand xiii. 224 If you traiked through a tattie field you could thraw your ankle on the haulms. 2. the world > movement > motion in specific manner > writhing or twisting movement > writhe or twist [verb (intransitive)] OE Ælfric (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxiv. 293 Martinus..sette hine sylfne ongean ðam swegendum lige, and he sona ðreow ðwyres wið þæs windes..for ðæs weres mihte. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens (1974) 229 [Tortis cincinnorum crinibus calamistro] crispantibus : þrawendum uel cyrpisiendu [read cyrpsiendum], [left margin] cyrpsum loccum. ?a1300 Maximian (Digby) l. 95 in C. Brown (1932) 95 (MED) Hounten herd i blowen, hertes bigounnen to þrowen. c1300 (?c1225) (Cambr.) (1901) l. 969 (MED) Þe se bigan to þroȝe Vnder hire woȝe. ?c1475 (BL Add. 15562) f. 127v To thrawe, torquere, contorquere, tornere. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 823 in W. A. Craigie (1925) II. 120 Twa..fulis..Callit him thryss thevisnek to thrawe in a widdy. 1638 J. Taylor sig. Bv Hee'le fling and throw, hee'le bravely tosse & turn. a1699 J. Bonnell in W. Hamilton (1703) ii. 85 We stomach..Injuries that we think are done to us; we fling and throw under them. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor ix, in 3rd Ser. II. 233 If the dead corpse binna straughted, it will girn and thraw. 1870 D. G. Rossetti 152 The empty boat thrawed i' the wind, Against the postern tied. 1881 F. T. Palgrave 248 The strong branches cry And start and thraw in that fierce furnance-flare. 1926 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ 26 Your sallow leafs can never thraw, Wi' a' their oorie shakin'. 1958 3 June We hed tae thraw roun' their wye an' syne dooble back. ?2002 I. W. D. Forde ii. viii. 173 He wes a junkie, lang addikkit ti drougs an cuidna thole thair lak. He graizled hiz teith, girned an grat, rowed an thrawed. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil (1960) xii. vi. l. 48 Down strowand eik vnder fut in the plane Diuers otheris ȝit throwand and half slane [L. semineces volvit multos]. 1669 42 Gray-steel unto his death thus thrawes, He walters and the grass updrawes. †3. Scottish. the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > twist out or up society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > draw out or gain by compulsion or force a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun (Nero) viii. l. 5411 His knyf was thrawyn out of his hande. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil xii. vi. 120 Owt of hys [sc. an enemy's] rycht hand Richt austernly has he thrawin the brand. 1640 W. Lithgow sig. C Scarce one man could throw The ladle from thy fingers. 1572 J. Knox To Rdr. sig. A.ijv A meditation or prayer thrawin furth of my sorrowful heart. 1591 R. Bruce sig. R1v When hee hath thrawne all these good turnes out of them. a1599 R. Rollock (1616) vi. 52 He throwes another accusation out of the Iewes. a1650 D. Calderwood (1845) VII. 63 Our aspiring bishops make it a forcible meane to acquire, or rather to thraw from the kirk,..episcopall jurisdictioun. society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > by violence c1598 King James VI & I (1944) I. iii. 200 Beuaire of thrauing or constraining thaime thairto. a1678 A. Wedderburn (1698) xiii. 124 He doth not thraw the Will, no, in this Act of personal covenanting, it uses to be done, when it's done with the Soul, not with the Affections only. 1793 T. Scott 365 The kings o' Europe now wad wiss to thraw The French unto their minds like a green willy. 4. Scottish. the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)] the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > abuse language [verb (transitive)] > in speech 1558 Q. Kennedy i. sig. A4v Wrestand and thrawing the scripture, contrare the godlie menynge of the samyn. 1581 J. Hamilton Epist. f. 6v The scripture, quhilk thaj thrau efter yair sensuall iugement. 1604 J. Fraser 19 The interpretation of them [sc. the scriptures]..suld not be thrawin to our iudgment, but our iudgment drawin to it. 1669 J. Stewart ix. 174 He will thraw Naphtaly's words as he thinketh best. a1679 J. Brown (1680) xxi. 394 How displeased they are at the holy Truths and Wayes of God, and how ready to thraw and pervert them, that they may become more straight, then they seem to them at present to be. 1873 A. G. Murdoch 86 What though he thraw'd the law a wee An' banned the reverent gentry. 1877 G. MacDonald I. xxviii. 282 They dinna thraw the words there jist the same gait they du at Portlossie. 1923 31 Aug. It's the same wi' ither topics—They thraw an' they twist iv'ry yin. the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > absence of colour > lose colour [verb (transitive)] > deprive of colour ?1845 in J. Love (1910) II. 216 Ye never threw wi' sun or win'. Or washin' pouther. 1912 at Throw Mod. Sc. dial. The sun has quite thrown my silk gown. 5. Scottish and Irish English ( northern). the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > thwart or foil a1650 D. Calderwood (1843) IV. 478 I have manie time told him..my opinioun: I cannot perswade. Would I take a course to thraw him, what harme might it doe? 1787 R. Burns (new ed.) 313 Saint Stephen's boys, wi' jarring noise, They did his measures thraw. 1817 W. Scott II. xiii. 288 He's easy wi' a' body that will be easy wi' him; but if ye thraw him, ye had better thraw the deevil. 1884 11 If his Riv'rance released him he'd thraw him no more. 1920 G. A. B. Douglas 32 You dinna like to be thrawn ony mair than us women folk. 1996 C. I. Macafee 356/2 Throw.., thwart, oppose; argue with, contradict; anger. the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (intransitive)] a1700 R. Lindsay (Edinb. Dc.1.66) (modernized text) (1728) 125 Bishop Forman had..caused the Duke to thraw [so 3 MSS; 2 MSS stur(e] with him, till he gave over certain Benefices to the Duke, to give unto his Friends. 1796 J. Lauderdale 65 If that they begin to thraw, Then foot and horse I'll bring. 1807 J. Hogg 143 Jealous of the Stuart race, The English lords begin to thraw. 1824 J. Mactaggart 214 At nature ay to girn and thraw..Is sure a sin infernal. a1886 D. Grant (1888) 10 Thraw wi' him, an' he was just as stubborn an' rampageous as a wild ox. 1932 R. L. Cassie 35 Some fligmagairie gars her [sc. the muse] thraw. 1973 Sept. 528/1 I am sorry to thraw with the minister, but I thought the stretch beyond Ratho is charming. 1996 C. I. Macafee 356/2 Throw.., behave in a stubborn, wilful way. II. To form, fashion, or shape, esp. by means of a twisting or rotary motion. †6. a1225 (c1200) (1888) 95 (MED) Wel him ðe is clene iþrowen and hafð ðat faire scrud of charite. c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in (1888) 81 302 (MED) Þer is a ffisch..whon he is so in slep þrowe A Mon may vnneþes knowe wheþer he lyueþ eny-þing. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 1740 (MED) Þe lady..ros hir vp radly..Hir þryuen face & hir þrote þrowen al naked. the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)] c1390 (Vernon) (1967) l. 739 A trone..Of whit iuori..Wiþ cumpas iþrowen and wiþ gin al ido. c1400 (?c1380) (1920) l. 504 (MED) Her wyvez walkez hem wyth, and þe wylde after, Þroly þrublande in þronge, þrowen ful þykke. a1450 (Bodl. Add.) (1967) l. 807 [c1390 Vernon Þe þreo baylys..wiþ þe carnels beþ so well iset And] þrowen [Vernon continues icast wiþ cumpas and walled abouten]. 7. society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > turn wood (Harl. 221) 493 Throwyn, or turne vessel of a tre, torno. 1570 P. Levens sig. Diiv/2 To Thraw or turne, tornare. 1604 in J. Harland (1856) I. 159 To the disshe-thrower, ix days throwing disshes and bassenes..iijs. 1677 tr. T. Bartholin in J. Webster xv. 286 Of the ribs..are beads turned or thrown, a present remedy for the pain of the Hemorrhoides. 1688 R. Holme iii. v. 269/1 A Turner, Turning (or Throwing) at his Lath. 1773 S. Johnson (ed. 4) (at cited word) Balls thrown in a lathe. 1859 W. Dickinson 122 Thro,..to turn in a lathe. 1999 4 Nov. e6/2 A large wooden bowl thrown on a lathe in Black Mountain costs $950. society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > pottery-making or ceramics > make pottery [verb (transitive)] > on wheel society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > pottery-making or ceramics > make pottery [verb (transitive)] > other processes 1698 R. Ainsworth 17 Childrens Minds are soft and moist Clay, such as may be easily thrown on the Wheel even how you please. 1752 Aug. 348 Rooms for throwing, turning, and stove drying the ware. 1839 A. Ure 1011 Throwing is performed upon a tool called the potter's lathe... The mass of dough to be thrown, is weighed out or gauged by an experienced hand. 1878 Dec. 180/2 Domestic vessels, ranging from scarcely an inch to some feet in height,..were also thrown on the wheel. 1900 25 May 6/2 Further on a potter is ‘throwing’ pots on his wheel with marvellous rapidity. 1957 6 June 1142/1 The woodworker is seen making furniture; the potter throwing red ware. 2008 154/2 She throws her pots from clay imported from France,..and salt-glazes them in a wood-fired kiln. 8. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [verb (transitive)] > manufacture of silk thread or yarn 1455–6 [implied in: (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1455 §55. m. 2 Divers lombardes..bring nowe daily into þis lande wrought silk, throwen rybens, and laces. (at 1455-6 at thrown adj. 2a)]. 1484 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1484 §28. m. 20 Calle sylk or coleyn silk throwen or wrought. 1617 3 Any Silke to be throwen or made fitting for the making or spinning of Gold or Siluer Threed. 1670 T. Blount Silk-thrower,..a Trade, or Mystery, that winds, twists, and spins, or throws silk, thereby fitting it for use. 1729 J. Gee iii. 10 The Italians have an excellent Method of throwing their Sillk by a Water Engine. 1796 14 328 I became convinced that Bengal Silk could be thrown in this country. 1839 A. Ure 1105 The raw silk..requires to be regularly wound upon bobbins, doubled, twisted, and reeled in our silk-mills. These processes are called throwing silk, and their proprietors are called silk throwsters. 1897 9 Dec. 10/5 Silk is still ‘thrown’ at Derby. 1922 7 Mar. 15/3 Hagans Brothers, Inc., has been organized..to throw silk, including the working of tram, organzine and all forms of silk thread. 1986 Jan. 15/3 Once the silk is thrown, it's ready to be made into a fabric. 1988 2 Mar. 66/2 This company ‘throws’ man-made fibres. 2007 M. Schoeser 189/1 Only silk is thrown; it alone absorbs dye with such ease and shows it with such intensity. society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > rope-making > make rope [verb (transitive)] > other specific processes ?c1625 in E. Beveridge & J. D. Westwood (1924) No. 579 He thrawes rops of the hand [probably read sand]. 1692 in A. W. C. Hallen (1894) 149 To James bell for..throwing ropes of hay. 1820 W. Scott III. ii. 59 A woman that could thraw a rape. 1896 P. A. Graham v. 78 We began to throw straw ropes for them. 1924 A. Dodds 14 At thrawin' rapes oor hairts whiles lift in sang. society > communication > expression > [verb (transitive)] > express in a specified form the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > transform [verb (transitive)] > in form or appearance 1652 J. Hall tr. Longinus 25 Causes and circumstances are..thrown into such Periods and turns and stoops, they they are so incircled and twisted one with another, that they mount up by equall steps to just greatnesse. 1700 tr. J. Le Clerc ii. 89 Good Reasonings proposed in a clear and elegant manner, and thrown into a good order, are likelier to take with the People, than Fustian and Bombast. 1730 J. Clarke (ed. 2) 177 A Master should be able to throw the Latin..into proper English. 1766 at Lucern A quarter of an acre; which we threw into fifty-four rows. 1824 362/1 Two dress boxes..were thrown into one. 1893 H. D. Traill Introd. p. xxx Cædmon..throws Scripture into metrical paraphrase. 1936 19 July vi. 4/2 Mr. Smith has taken the history of man..and, throwing the whole into marching verse, has wrought an original and ennobling piece of work. 1954 7 (2002) 48 I thought I might make it [sc. the article] more interesting if I threw it into a quasi-autobiographical form. III. To cause to move by means of a sudden or forceful action; spec. to propel through the air by a movement of the hand or arm, and connected uses; to cast, fling, hurl; extended and figurative senses. 10. transitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase as complement. Often used as an alternative to put, place, set, etc., in order to express a more sudden or violent motion or action than that suggested by these verbs.Many of the constructions with adverbs are treated more fully at Phrasal verbs.the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > forcibly, firmly, or quickly a1250 in C. Brown (1932) 16 Wela-wey! deth þe sal þrowen dun [emended in ed. to dun þrowen; c1275 Calig. adun þrowe] þar þu wenest heye ste. c1300 St. Agnes (Laud) l. 111 in C. Horstmann (1887) 184 Þat Mayde was þudere i-brouȝt, In þe fuyr men hire þrevȝ [a1325 Corpus Cambr. þreu]. c1390 MS Vernon Homilies in (1877) 57 290 (MED) Þis Caityf hermite..Out of Bedde he was drawe And in a ffat wiþ cold water þrawe. a1450 (?c1300) (Caius) l. 3777 + 3 Euery knyȝt and hys squyer Fayre queyntyse on hem gunne þrowe, For no man scholde hem knowe. c1450 ( St. George (Egerton) in R. Hamer (1978) 67 He..wounded the dragon... And thanne..George saide to her: ‘Throwe thi gerdell aboute his necke, and drede the not.’ 1583 R. P. tr. P. de la Sierra ii. xi. f. 228v He let slip his sheelde and threw it on his backe. 1655 T. Stanley I. iii. 61 He is now coming to Athens, being thrown out of his house by the people. 1695 C. Hopkins iii. 23 Glory and Love makes us eternal Foes; Which should we strive to meet, like raging Seas, Wou'd rush between our Fold, and throw us far asunder. 1722 R. Steele in J. Addison (new ed.) Ded. p. xvi He only spoke it, and I took all the Pains of throwing it upon Paper. 1786 J. Hunter vi. iii. 341 The quantity of mercury, to be thrown into the constitution..must be proportioned to the violence of the disease. ?1790 J. Imison (ed. 2) 72 The explosion of the gun-powder will throw asunder the roof. 1799 1 424 No doubt but the father would have suffered equally with the son, had it [sc. poison] not so soon been thrown off the stomach. 1816 J. Dallaway vi. 350 The paludamentum was a vestment..thrown over the cuirass and fastened over the shoulder with a golden clasp. 1843 R. J. Graves vii. 84 (note) I threw some common injection into the tibial arteries. 1845 A. B. Welby 15 As the blossom waits the breeze Before it throws its leaves apart. 1940 16 Nov. 9/7 Coddling of the seedlings is to be avoided. All that is necessary is to keep them from being..thrown out of the ground by frost. 1954 1 Mar. 13/2 Players threw their jackets over their shoulders and trudged..into their locker room. 1957 2 Dec. Suppl. p. i/8 The fission fragments are thrown apart with enormous velocity. 2011 (Nexis) 7 Apr. (Business section) 30 He was almost thrown out of university after failing his first-year exams. the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring (a person or thing) into a state or condition > with force or haste a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) ii. l. 2158 (MED) Hercules withinne a throwe Al only hath his herte throwe Upon this faire Deianire. c1443 R. Pecock (1927) 168 (MED) Vengeaunce is not þrowun vpon eny persoone saue for his synne and offence doon. 1587 J. Bridges ix. 701 Many and harde difficulties throwne in the waie. c1620 T. Robinson (1899) i. xxxiii. 301 So the bewitchinge oracle yt throughes About the maidens fancy, strange Deludinge showes. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil 132 Thro' Heav'n, and Earth, and Oceans depth he throws His Influence round. View more context for this quotation 1718 A. Pope tr. Homer IV. xiii. 291 On Greece no blame be thrown. 1753 J. Collier ii. ii. 132 Throw a languidness into your countenance;..appear so perfectly dejected and low-spirited, that [etc.]. 1856 17 ii. 367 The carriage of materials is usually thrown upon the tenant. 1871 J. Earle ii. 133 They throw the accent often on the close of a word. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. III. 36 Skill in such arts gradually threw real power into the hands of a ring. 1946 7 Apr. 6/7 Does the Government intend to throw the cost of such service as they can provide on to the taxpayer? 2003 G. Houghton iv. 60 Officials interested in the..jobs generated by a mall will probably throw their influence behind the project. the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring (a person or thing) into a state or condition ?1548 T. Becon tr. U. Rhegius sig. Cvv Adam and Eua, whom after thou haddest deceaued thorowe thy lyenge, thou threwest them hedlonge in to synne & deth. 1641 W. Habington 58 As for Amurath himselfe; age and evill fortune had throwne him into despaire. a1652 J. Smith (1660) ix. viii. 434 God hath never thrown the World from himself, but runs through all created Essence. 1705 T. Hearne (1885) I. 49 They..threaten'd to..throw me out of my Chaplain's place. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. xviii. 189 The fatigues I had undergone, threw me into a fever. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage IV. xii. vii. 413 Chance threw me across him, as he came out of a printing-house. 1815 W. Scott I. xviii. 289 I do not suspect his equanimity of being so easily thrown off its balance. 1821 24 June 386/1 I cannot let the land be thrown out of cultivation. 1869 W. Longman I. iv. 63 The Scots were thrown into confusion. 1893 7 Oct. 527/1 Recruited by men thrown idle by the selfish policy. 1967 12 Nov. 18/7 Viscount Head had turned down the job (thrown vacant by the resignation of Lord Harding in August). 2016 R. Clarke tr. C. Caboni 334 The betrayal had taken her by surprise, throwing everything into disarray. 11. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move with impetuous speed c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 406 Of his horse he þreou [c1300 Otho aþreu]. c1330 (Auch.) (1966) l. 578 (MED) Ouer & ouer þe bord he þrewe, & fel adoun to his fet..& al þai seyd at o criing, ‘Ȝe beþ our lord, Sir, & our king.’ a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece (1858) II. l. 25889 Out of his wame ane meruelus multitude Of foule serpentis..thair threw. 1812 Jan. 186/1 A hare..endeavoured to get to the turnpike through a stile, which she was prevented doing, by all the dogs throwing at her at the same time. 1845 S. Terry 10 Mar. (1934) 194 Threw into Brendon Wood, and immediately there came out three deer, and we had a very pretty gallop. 1891 J. C. Atkinson 83 The black dog, according to the expression used, ‘threw at her’. the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (reflexive)] > move impetuously c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) l. 2179 Beues in to þe sadel him þrew. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 233 (MED) He threw hym vndir his hors feet, and þe hors al to trade hym. c1450 J. Capgrave (1910) 21 He þrew him-selue down vndyr þe tre, and swech lamentable voyses he þrew on-to heuene. 1531 T. Elyot ii. xii. sig. S8v The miserable Titus..all turmented and oppressed with loue, threwe hym selfe on a bedde. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Seneca in 310 Another throweth himselfe headlong from the topp of an house, & breaketh his necke. 1651 No. 3. 22 One in Thames street wilfully threw himself out of a Garret-window three stories high. 1663 R. L'Estrange xv. 100 As if you should Throw your self upon the point of a Sword, and then Curse the Cutler. 1715 J. Addison No. 556. ¶6 I..threw my self into an Assembly of Ladies. 1794 A. Radcliffe IV. ii. 24 ‘This is too—too much!’ exclaimed Valancourt,..throwing himself into a chair. 1843 C. J. Lever xi. 78 He threw himself upon his horse. 1919 G. Robey xii. 120 She throws herself upon my neck, weeping joyously. 1971 22 Nov. 12/2 The 'keeper had to throw himself sideways to keep out Hale's flashing shot from 25 yards. 2015 A. Z. Khan xiv. 114 If it wasn't for Ruksh, I'm convinced I'd have thrown myself into the lake. a1640 T. Risdon (1811) (modernized text) §220 227 The river Thrushell..throws itself into Lyd. 1693 J. A. Barnard (new ed.) 29/2 Auriege..throws itself into the Garonne 2 Leagues from Tholouse. 1745 J. Taylor 201 Mayence [i.e. Mainz], where the Main throws itself into the Rhine. 1773 P. Brydone I. vi. 118 This river..about half a mile from its source throws itself into the sea. 1866 3 Mar. 174/2 The great delta of the Ganges, which throws itself into the Bay of Bengal through seventeen principal mouths. 1885 H. M. Hozier v. 71 The Varnitz..throws itself into the Danube near Donauwörth. 1906 E. Aubin i. 2 The river Kseb..throws itself into the sea just where the roadstead ends. 2015 N. Pireddu iii. 73 The ‘domesticated Danube’..throws itself into the great sea challenging limits and rules. 12. Of the sea or wind. the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] > of natural forces the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > [verb (transitive)] > toss or drive about c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) l. 13655 Heȝe hare-marken..sixti þusende þrauwen mid winde. c1330 Short Metrical Chron. (Auch.) l. 300 in (1931) 46 121/1 Þe wawes vp & doun hem þrowe. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xiv. 24 Sothely the boot in the mydil see was throwen [L. iactabatur] with wawis. c1500 (?a1437) (1939) xvii (MED) My feble bote full fast to stere and rowe..the wynter nyght I wake, To wayte the wynd that furthward suld me throwe. society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > cause to suffer shipwreck [verb (transitive)] > wreck a vessel 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 41/1 in I His nauie..was greeuously molested, and throwen vpon the shore. 1608 G. Wilkins iv. sig. D2v Pericles..was..after shipwrecke, throwen vpon that shoare. 1659 D. Pell Ep. Ded. sig. d2v They are thrown irrecoverably upon Rocks and Sands. 1703 tr. S. von Pufendorf viii. i. 150/2 They might be left to the Mercy of the Seas, and be Shipwrack'd wherever the Waves threw them. 1879 W. Minto ix. 142 [He] might have been thrown on a desert island. 1886 R. F. Burton tr. (Lady Burton's ed.) I. 126 A billow..threw me with a long cast on dry land. 1907 Royal Comm. Congestion in Ireland: App. to 4th Rep. 6/1 in (Cd. 3509) XXXVI. 5 We had twelve splendid boats thrown ashore and utterly lost. 2007 W. Butcher tr. J. Verne iv. 32 A very rough sea threw them on the rocks of Parry Point, where their vessel broke up. 13. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] c1300 (?c1225) (Cambr.) (1901) l. 1076 Horn þreu him ouer þe brigge. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 9 Ignacius..was i-brouȝt to Rome, and i-þrowe to wylde bestes. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 421 Alle men þrewe on hym drit and thost. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) cxxxix. 11 in C. Horstmann (1896) II. 267 In fire sal tou thrawe þam swa. a1450 in T. Austin (1888) 33 (MED) Capoun in Salome: Take a Capoun..Roste hym..take þikke Almaunde mylke..wyne..Saunderys..Safroun &..þrow on hym. c1475 (c1399) (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iv. l. 82 Ne had þei striked a strake..or þe blast come, Þey had be þrowe ouere þe borde backeward ichonne. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil xi. vi. 142 Ane lance towartis his aduersar thrawis he. 1530 J. Palsgrave f. ccclxxxixv/1 I threwe a potte at his heed. 1567 R. Sempill in J. Cranstoun (1891) I. 36 Jesabell, Quhome throw ane windo suirlie men did thraw. 1651 T. Hobbes ii. xxi. 108 When a man throweth his goods into the Sea for feare the ship should sink. 1720 D. Defoe 76 I'd throw it [sc. money] all into the Elbe. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor x, in 3rd Ser. II. 254 He threw the fellow a dollar. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ I. xx. 321 There were practical jokes of all sorts, from throwing comfits to throwing stones. 1869 W. C. Hazlitt 400 They who live in glass houses should not throw stones. 1917 11 Aug. 373/2 Some of the best French grenadiers can throw a hand grenade close to 50 yards. 1965 10 Feb. 39/4 The pup's master had thrown him a small piece of mutton. 2014 R. Gay xii. 101 I grabbed a shoe from the floor and threw it at his chest. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (intransitive)] c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) l. 3106 Þow miȝt nouȝt sen ariȝt to þrowe. c1380 (1879) l. 4988 (MED) So harde þay þrewe aȝen þe wal þat þe stones percede þorȝ-out al. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 2059 (MED) Troilus gan to se Þis Diomede in þe feld ridyng, To whom anoon..With his spere þrewe in-to þe reste. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius (Douce) (1988) 90 (MED) Þat can wiseliche schete and þrowe, þat can also wiseliche teche his felawschip þat is vndir his rule. ?1527 L. Andrewe tr. sig. sivv/2 The Orchun throweth at him wt stones. 1641 J. Johnson 101 The custome is, that men post and throw, and the women keepe and catch. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis x, in tr. Virgil 519 At Magus next he threw: He stoop'd below The flying Spear, and shun'd the promis'd Blow. 1728 tr. Moschus in J. Sterling tr. Musæus 71 His hands, tho' small, far, wond'rous far, can throw. 1869 Sept. 283 Parr threw 109 yards, the soldier only three yards less. 1872 Sept. 182 We often hear such expressions as..‘throwing with a stone’. 1889 A. Conan Doyle v. 34 The turnip on a stick at which we used to throw at the fairs. 1917 C. V. Winlow vii. 44 I'll throw first, and if I miss, you throw right after. 1977 5 May 46/4 Second baseman Pedro Garcia threw home. 2006 H. F. Fletcher 31 I..threw with all the strength I had left. 1816 (single sheet) The Ball must be bowled (not thrown or jerked), and delivered underhand, with the Hand below the Elbow. 1827 21 July 4/5 These victories of the Sussex players are ascribed to a new code they have introduced of throwing the ball at the wicket by an overcast from the arm, instead of bowling it, as heretofore. This novel mode of delivering the ball is deemed unfair by some. 1834 Aug. 277/1 The ball shall be bowled—not thrown or jerked—fairly below the shoulder. 1888 A. G. Steel in A. G. Steel & R. H. Lyttelton (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) iii. 176 Imagine what it would be if Bonnor, or Forbes, or Game were to be allowed to throw..—is it likely that a batsman at a distance of only twenty-one yards could be quick enough with his bat to stop such bowling? 1930 18 Jan. 5/4 The umpire..called out ‘no-ball’ to six successive deliveries sent down by..R. Halcombe, who was adjudged to have thrown the ball. 1964 21 June 21/5 Everybody knows who throws and who doesn't. I should like to see umpires given more power against the thrower. 2012 (Nexis) 24 Jan. 48 Many of the England camp privately believe Ajma..throws his doosra anyway. society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > assail with missiles [verb (transitive)] c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 35 in C. Horstmann (1887) 2 Steuene..prechede..Þe Giwes him ladden with-oute þe toun and þreowen him with stones And þare-with brouȝten him to deþe. a1325 St. Michael (Corpus Cambr.) l. 285 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 411 A tei dogge..grenneþ & bercþ inou..Ac clibbost upe hom he is þat þrouweþ [c1300 Laud arriet] him mid ston. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 9087 (MED) Ac þai hem þrewe wiþ spere and kniif And oþer armes, to reuen her liif. 1340 (1866) 133 (MED) Guode king dauid..lheste ane sergont þet hette semey þet him þreu mid stones and him missede. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 4709 Men hem þrew wiþ drytt and dunge [a1425 Linc. Inn to heom þreowe drit and donge]. c1450 J. Capgrave (Bodl. 423) (1911) 114 (MED) Þis iuge serenus..comaunded þe same archemye and his wif to be þrow to dede with stones. 1888 18 Apr. 23 Translate into English:..He threw me with a stone.., I never did it. 1908 J. H. Drummond Diary 27 Oct. in (1996) 717/3 While I was bowling a boy threw me against the knee. 1964 Nov. 19 The living are throwing me with things. 1990 11 Feb. 12 The Naboomspruit Recorder's headline of the incident..read: ‘Mike Gatting—Demos throw him with a stone’. 2012 L. Anthony & G. Spence xxiv. 183 ‘I threw the buffalo with my Leatherman [sc. a multiple tool].’ ‘You mean you threw your Leatherman at the buffalo..’ ‘Yes, he wouldn't go so I threw him with it.’ 15. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > fall down or from erect position > specifically of person or animal > severely or violently c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) l. 6831 Þe king bi an laddre to þe ssip clam an hey & þreu vp to doun in þe se. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 201 He þrompelde atte þrexwolde and þreuh [c1400 Trin. Cambr. R.3.14 fel, a1425 Univ. Coll. Oxf. stey] to þe grounde. ?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford (1996) II. l. 24317 Ouse on ouse salle stande na stonde, In litel quile sal thraw to gronde. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > bring to the ground/lay low > cast down c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 3308 (MED) Þat was a dint of gret mounde Þat tvay kinges þrewe to grounde. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 2220 A riche kyng..smoot Tholomewe, Þat he of his hors hym þrewe. Tholomeu on fote lep, And who hym þrewe he name gode kep. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 1729 (MED) First of al he fil on Quyntylene..And þe breþre he made also with-drawe, Whan Quyntylene of his hors was þrow. a1500 (a1400) (Lamb.) (1969) l. 541 He threwe him in that place And..His lyfte arme brast atwo. 1588 A. Munday tr. C. Colet viii. f. 16 One of them encountred Brunifort with such courage, as he was throwne to the ground with his heeles vpward. c1620 T. Robinson (1899) i. xcviii. 819 A newe delusion throughes Her pride as lowe as Phlegetonicke maine. 1686 J. Shirley 36 He threw her by force on a Couch and Ravish'd her. 1740 19 Dec. John Cotton was thrown on his Face in his Shop. 1821 J. H. Brady tr. M. Alemán II. iii. xii. 38 A hog..which running against me had thrown me into the mud. 1870 7 196/1 A branch caught the hood of my coat, and threw me on my elbow. 1902 12 Apr. 880/1 Three years ago [he] was thrown at football, and hurt his left knee. 2017 (Nexis) 8 May A woman in her 70s was punched in the face and thrown to the pavement by two men. 1530 J. Palsgrave 756/1 Wrestell nat with me for I wyll throwe the on thy backe or a man can cracke a nutte. 1568 T. North tr. A. de Guevara (rev. ed.) i. xl. f. 64 This philosopher Zeno perceyuing the strength & courage of this great wrastler: thought it much for hys estimacion if he might throw him in wrastlyng. a1664 M. Frank (1672) 302 Thou mayest run without falling, wrestle without being thrown, cuff without being beaten. 1691 tr. G. P. Marana II. iii. xii. 268 He is Master of prodigious Strength, and challenges any Two the stoutest Men in France, to throw him a Fall. 1788 Aug. 408/2 Tyne..threw him a most dreadful fall, which killed him instantly. 1794 29 May There could be but little fame in the Arena, by throwing an antagonist, who was forced to come on crutches. 1820 July 177/2 Tom..throwed his opponent in a masterly style. 1863 19 Sept. 301/2 Gordon..throws him such a heavy fall that Deason lies as one dead. 1966 14 Mar. 40/8 Shine had won the over-all white belt title by throwing Nathaniel McAdam of the Queens Judo Club. 2015 (Nexis) 12 May He threw his opponent several times and pinned him. the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat 1850 Ld. Tennyson cvii. 167 Seraphic intellect and force To seize and throw the doubts of man. View more context for this quotation 1887 in 20 May 2/5 ‘I am compelled to throw you in the cost’, said a justice of the peace. 1888 27 July 377 (Prize list) Third..a good black Red, but a little out of feather, which, no doubt, threw her. 1909 W. R. Inge (1910) xi. 193 The sceptic cannot throw his opponent if his own feet are in the air. 1991 Feb. 29/2 I thought she would be the one to throw the Champions. 16. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 8032 (MED) To hem þai smiten þe stedes swiþe And welcomed hem wiþ chere bliþe; Þo her ich oþer knewe, Ich ouer oþer armes þrewe. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 1807 (MED) Darrie from hym þe table shett þat it wendeþ in þe flett; He þroweþ legges ouere oþer, And makeþ þretynges, ful a foþer. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 1159 She lay as for ded..Here eyen þrowen [c1460 Harl. 1239 trowen] vpward to here hed. 1485 (Caxton) xxi. x. sig. ee iii Sir Launcelot threwe hys armes abrode, & sayd alas who may truste thys world. 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello f. 291v He..threwe his armes about the necke of his frende. 1607 G. Markham ii. 175 At last he lap & throw his outmost legge ouer his inmost. 1694 C. Cotton tr. L. Pontis ii. viii. I..threw my Arms round one of the Bed-posts. 1703 tr. G. Della Casa 149 What then shall we say of those, who..throw their Legs upon the Table. 1767 I. 221 He made her such a reverend and genteel bow, that the lady thought he was going to throw his head in her face. 1809 S. T. Coleridge Three Graves iii, in 21 Sept. 93 Her arms Round Ellen's neck she threw. a1822 P. B. Shelley Crit. Notices Sculpt. Florence Gallery in (1888) I. 410 The manner in which the act of throwing back one leg is expressed. 1885 6 May 5/1 A policeman had seen him throwing his arms about. 1891 A. Gissing II. iv. 102 To throw a hand to a drowning man. 1917 15 Mar. 6/5 Go out into the street, throw out your chest, pull in your stomach,..and walk briskly along. 1964 V. Corning xi. 129 She threw back her head and laughed. 2015 A. Ahlborn xxxvii. 294 She wanted to..throw her arms around Maggie's neck, and kiss her. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) i. l. 549 (MED) Hast thou thin yhen oght misthrowe?] a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) v. l. 929 Afterward a-wook And sobrelych on here he þrew [?a1425 Harl. 3943 caste, ?a1450 St. John's Cambr. L. 1 threwgh] his look. 1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid f. 122 To thee my lookes I throw. 1590 E. Spenser iii. i. sig. Bb7 Still as she fledd, her eye she backward threw. 1662 Duchess of Newcastle Wits Cabal i. i. ii, in 249 They will neither regard nor take notice of their Wives, unless it be to throw a scornful glance. 1779 No. 17. ⁋1 To throw your eye sometimes upon the inferior ranks of life. 1842 S. Lover viii Is it one of my colleens you've been throwing the eye at, Sir? 1892 Jan. 276 Mrs. Duffield..threw inquiring glances across the table. 1931 7 Mar. 2/2 Mara threw a quick look round the room. 1960 J. I. McNelis tr. L. Holberg ii. 16 Presently throwing my eyes around me,..I beheld everywhere green, fertile plains and fields. 2006 Mar. 45/3 Girls wearing coy smiles and scanty dresses throw him flirtatious glances. 17. society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > assail with missiles [verb (transitive)] > discharge (missile) society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > assail with missiles [verb (transitive)] > discharge (missile) > of weapon a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings xx. 36 Go & bryng to me þe arewis þat I þrowe [L. iacio]. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxi. l. 295 Sette mahon at þe mangonel and mulle-stones þroweþ. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius (Douce) (1988) 188 (MED) Þei vsen oyle & brymston & botyn iwrapped & rolled in balles of herdes; þis þei fireþ & þroweth into her vesselles. 1575 T. Newton tr. C. A. Curione ii. f. 47v He..had planted the walles, Bulwarks and Castles full of weapons, Dartes and Engins to throwe stones into the throng of his Enemyes. 1610 A. Hopton ii. xix. 40 There may you surely plant your Peece, so that hee shall throw the bullet full point blanke vpon the Castle. 1672 tr. Compleat Gunner iii. xi. 9 in T. Venn iii Give fire freely to your Piece, to throw the shot where you intend it. 1760 J. Marchant at Scorpion An engine used in the defence of the walls of fortified places, by throwing arrows, fire-balls, and great stones. 1790 J. Meares p. xiv A three pound field piece was then discharged from the shore.., which..convinced them that it was in our power to throw the shot to whatever point, and in whatever direction we thought proper. 1852 3 Jan. 2/1 The matchlock..did not fire so quickly as our pieces, but the shot it threw it threw true. 1880 23 Dec. Although throwing only a 7lb. projectile, they [sc. guns] are [etc.]. 1942 17 Apr. 3/3 You don't have time to consider the odds against you. You're too busy throwing bullets. 2004 S. Sandler i. 2 The ballista..threw arrows at low angles. c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) l. 2218 Thre thousand of thra men to thraw with engynes. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti I. xi. 15/2 This will baulk the aim of the military engines, and make them throw over the wall. 1890 W. C. Russell II. xviii. 106 That gun 'll throw about three quarters of a mile. 1900 F. T. Pollok & W. S. Thom vi. 212 I tried the weapon, and found that both barrels threw considerably to the left. 2008 S. Mariani (2012) xxxviii. 224 He frowned at the shotgun. ‘Throws to the right a bit. Barrels could be slightly out of true.’ 18. the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] > attempt to obtain or attain a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) iii. l. 788 (MED) Bot what schal befalle Of love ther is noman knoweth, Bot as fortune hire happes throweth. c1460 (?c1400) l. 1024 (MED) Frelich Beryn þrewe þe dise, And lost with þat same cast al was leyde a-down. c1460 in R. Brotanek (1940) 100 (MED) By goddes flesshe and his blode! þou þrowest þe dise as þou art wode. 1534 sig. H.vi They deuyded my clothes to them selues, and vpon my other garnement they threw dice. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. iii. 79 I had rather be in this choise, then throw Ames-ace for my life. a1667 Bp. J. Taylor (1835) I. 533 That great day of expense, in which a man is to throw his last cast for an eternity of joys and sorrows. 1754 E. Hoyle vii. 47 What is the Odds of throwing six or seven in two Throws at Hazard with two Dice? 1847 W. M. Thackeray (1848) xxii. 188 George had thrown the great cast. 1892 May 558 If I should throw doublets, we will share the stakes. 1913 63 479 They were throwing dice on the train and gambling. 1974 12 Oct. 456/1 When a player throws a six he or she gets another turn. 2001 S. Montefiore (2014) 60 Agustin captured one of her players and then threw the dice again. the world > existence and causation > causation > chance or causelessness > chance [verb (intransitive)] > run a risk or take one's chance the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > face danger [verb (intransitive)] > risk oneself > risk everything society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > play at dice [verb (intransitive)] > throw c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 1680 (MED) Now þrid tyme þrowe best, þenk on þe morne. a1425 (?a1350) (Galba) (1907) l. 2062 By est and west, Men sais þe thrid time thrawes best. 1587 R. Greene sig. D2v Least..we set our rest on the hazard and so desperatly throw at all. 1608 W. Shakespeare iv. 119 Set lesse then thou throwest . View more context for this quotation 1665 R. Head I. xvi. 167 Confidently I threw at all, which I nicked with eleven, and so continued holding seven hands together. 1698 Act 10 William III c. 23 §3 in (1963) VII. 533 Every Person or Persons that..shall play throw or draw at any such Lottery..shall forfeite for every such Offence the Sum of Twenty Pounds. 1720 No. 5872/6 The winning Horse to be thrown for at 40 Guineas by the Contributors. 1762 11 From expedition to expedition we are encouraged to throw at all, till we become masters of the Spanish continent in America. 1846 ‘H. Hazel’ viii. 70/2 ‘Seventeen!’ exclaimed St. Elme, as he threw for the last time. 1921 H. H. Knibbs xiv. 155 Cheyenne gathered up the dice and threw. 2002 J. F. Roe xvi. 147 George threw again and the room fell silent as the dice rolled on the table. 19. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. xxvi. 685 Þe whale and balena is al one. And baleyne ben swiþe grete and huge,..he þroweþ [L. iaciunt] watres hiere þan oþer grete fysshe of þe see, for balyn is to menynge ‘outecastynge’. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > eject 1625 S. Purchas II. x. vi. 1722 An Engine to throwe water into a chanell to water the fields. 1685 G. Meriton 150 An Engine..to throw water upon Houses when they Fire. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil 107 The Waters boil, and belching from below Black Sands, as from a forceful Engine throw . View more context for this quotation 1728 15 June A new Pump, which throws Water 200 Foot high. 1806 O. G. Gregory II. 175 A machine by which water is thrown upon fires. 1864 25 ii. 293 The pumps..throw daily 60,000 to 70,000 gallons. 1911 22 Mar. 14/3 There had been a general turnout of the Manchester [fire] brigade, and a large number of jets were soon throwing water from all sides. 1937 8 May p. x/2 (advt.) One of the attractions..is the fountain which throws a jet to a height of 230 feet. 2010 C. Hammer viii. 220 He watered the trees once a week,..using sprinklers that threw water 4 or 5 metres. 1863 43 628 One [engine] might have thrown fire constantly and the other not at all. 1893 4 Mar. 332/3 Bad stoking may be..the cause of a locomotive ‘throwing fire’. 1918 21 815 I know my engine had a good spark-arrester, because she didn't throw fire. 2016 R. H. N. Hardy (ed. 2) v. 116/1 We went through Grove Park with the engine throwing fire. 20. society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (transitive)] c1400 (?c1380) l. 8 (MED) Þen is better to abyde þe bur vmbe-stoundes, Þen ay þrow forth my þro, þaȝ me þynk ylle. ?a1475 (1922) 154 (MED) My knyghtys xaln rydyn..knave chylderyn ffor to qwelle..Sowre deth his lyff xall selle Such thrett wolde me throw. 1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. xxxi. ix Those lips..Which..throw their words against the most vpright. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. iii. 3 Not a word? Ros. Not one to throw at a dog. View more context for this quotation 1687 tr. N. Perrot d'Ablancourt in tr. xxxvi. 71 Tiberius heard the Defamations that were thrown upon him, and cry'd out in a great Fury. 1726 I. Watts (ed. 2) iii. ii. 307 There is no need to throw words of contempt on such a practice. 1844 E. B. Barrett Drama of Exile in I. 98 The blessed nightingale which threw Its melancholy music after us. 1869 18 Dec. 779/1 We went down stairs in a body, throwing a good morning, in passing, to Maitre Antoine. 1892 19 Nov. 771/2 The hideous yells that were thrown at him. 2009 23 Jan. (Ticket section) 10/1 People booed and threw insults at him. 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus i. 21 Neither was Otho slacke..to stretch forth his handes,..to throwe kisses abroad [L. iacere oscula]. 1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster ii. sig. D3v Come tit mee, come tat mee, come throw a kisse at me. 1683 A. Marsh 104 How should they now and then in passing by, throw a love-kiss at one another. 1755 ii. 24 She throws a smile, on her admiring beaux. 1788 ii. 29 Three kisses on the gold he threw. 1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous ii, in 4th Ser. III. 268 ‘Never fear me, Augustine,’ said the old man,..throwing a kiss towards the boy. 1848 15 Sept. Some laughing, boldly threw hand kisses to Katy at the window. 1921 Aug. 26/1 The busy proprietor throws you a nod and a smile over his shoulder. 1984 1 Sept. 9/1 One statue of Chester A. Arthur is know to exist... If..you whip by it in a great hurry, giving it the quickest of glances, it seems that Chet is throwing you a wink. 2014 A. M. Appel tr. V. Bruschini (2016) xxxii. 255 Isabel waved to Dixie, throwing him a kiss. 1738 T. Church 82 The Art of throwing the Voice, as if it came from other Persons, and other Places. 1746 J. Upton 115 The chief reason of the mouth [of the comic mask] being thus formed was, to help the actor to throw his voice to a greater distance. 1842 31 Mar. Harrington.., full of fun and eccentricity, threw his voice unexpectedly in such a manner as to make those two courtly personages discourse. 1875 6 Sept. 3/2 By..throwing the voice into the different parts of the assembly, it is easy to see the effect produced on individuals. 1918 F. Densmore (U.S. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. Bull. No. 61) 367 A pose often assumed by the women singers when they wish to ‘throw’ the voice. 1972 A. Price xx. 222 He threw his voice past Ryleiev into the mist. 2001 8 Mar. ii. 14/4 He gets out his ventriloquist's dummy and starts feebly throwing his voice. 21. society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > imprison [verb (transitive)] c1422 T. Hoccleve Tale of Jerelaus (Durh.) l. 132 in (1970) i. 144 In-to prison they him threew & caste. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) v. l. 1466 (MED) This duk was..throwe in a derk dongoun. a1500 (?a1400) (1887) l. 2283 (MED) Doughty men vppon hym sought, And..in preson they hym throuȝe. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane f. clxxv The Turke throweth hys Ambassadoure in pryson. 1655 J. Sanders 66 Within few dayes after I was thrown into Warwick Gaole. 1776 73/1 When Maha Rajah was first thrown into confinement. 1849 T. B. Macaulay I. v. 630 This impostor was thrown into prison for his fraud. 1890 S. R. Gardiner I. xviii. 285 Richard was carried to London and thrown into the Tower. 1935 16 July 7/3 They had no such thing as a remand home in Falkirk, and he did not want to have the girl thrown into the cells. 1963 2 Mar. 176/2 One group..walked into the arms of waiting Castro militiamen; all were thrown in prison. 2008 Q. Lawrence vi. 122 The Turkish government..threw them in jail and pondered whether to deport them. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1227 He layde a myghty syge aboute the Towre and made many assautis, and threw engynnes unto them. 1617 F. Moryson ii. ii. i. 119 The Town had beene carried..if Sir Francis Vere had not throwne himselfe into it with one thousand sixe hundred English. 1693 tr. J. Le Clerc ii. 145 A great number of Gentry, who had thrown themselves into the place. 1736 T. Lediard I. iv. i. 157 The States..threw 12,000 Men into that Place. 1823 3 Feb. Provisions had been thrown into Corinth previously to this incursion. 1869 T. Hughes ix. 108 He throws himself into a castle or fort called Cynwith. 1933 2 Mar. 9/1 The Chinese Command threw another brigade into the line against the Japanese advance from the south to-day. 2015 (Nexis) 11 Feb. Putin has captivated his countrymen by..throwing troops into the east of Ukraine. 22. society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride (a horse or other animal) [verb (transitive)] > keep one's seat on (a horse) > unseat, throw (the rider) a1425 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (Harl. 1900) (1879) VII. 534 The hors threwe hym into Temse and so he was adreynt [L. quem equus..in Thamisi submersit]. 1531 T. Elyot ii. xiii. sig. Vviii The courser..will stere and plonge, and endeuour hym selfe to throwe hym. ?1573 L. Lloyd f. 144 Thei were bothe throwen by their horses, and so died. 1624 P. Massinger ii. ii. sig. E This morning, As I rode to take the ayre, th' untutor'd Iade Threw me, and kick'd me. 1674 S. Clarke 40 As he was a hunting, his Horse threw him, and his own Arrow ran into his Thigh. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter ii. xii. 265 One of their horses fell down and threw his rider. 1772 Mar. 140/2 Charles, Duke of Burgundy,..crossing a river, was thrown by his horse. 1862 May 752/1 My mule threw me and ran away. 1890 J. Payn II. xxx. 248 He was thrown from his horse in the steeplechase and killed on the spot. 1946 28 Sept. 2/7 A horse bolted in Rotten Row, Hyde Park, yesterday afternoon, threw the rider,..and dashed into the roadway. 1966 8 Apr. 17 (heading) Jockey thrown by Tagend as gate opens for start of race. 1981 28 Apr. 31/2 In a road race in the Dolomites, the car threw him over a stone wall and he died of a broken neck. 2011 A. Smith xx. 147 The most hazardous curve in the track, where jockeys are thrown and horses crash. society > travel > transport > cycling > cycle [verb (transitive)] > unseat, cause (the rider) to fall 1591 J. Davies sig. D.4 The great Antiochus..was throwne from his chariot in the swift course thereof. 1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid xv. 317 Throwne from my charriot, in the raignes fast-bound. 1752 1 Feb. A boy driving a Cart..ran foul of a loaded Waggon, whereby he was thrown from the Cart. 1827 N. H. Carter I. xxxv. 407 One of our countrymen and his lady were..thrown from the coach, at the imminent risk of their lives, by the fall of the horses. 1893 4 Mar. 335/3 Had the [bicycle] rider been thrown or killed. 1929 28 Oct. 16/4 Mrs. Phillips..was killed, and her husband injured, when they were thrown from a motor-car which overturned in a collision. 2006 B. Valentine xxv. 186 I decided to wear my seat belt... Had I not, I would have certainly been thrown from the car and killed. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (transitive)] > cast the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (transitive)] > catch fish with net > shoot net ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena (Harl.) (1966) 357 (MED) Þei..þrowe forþ her nett upon þe riȝt hond. a1500 (?c1450) (1899) xxxiii. 665 (MED) Than he threwe his nett a-gein in to the water, and toke a-nother fissh. 1592 J. Lyly i. i. sig. B.1v Fishermen throw theyr nets, where husbandmen sowe theyr Corne. 1657 E. Revett 153 The Angler throwes his bait To catch the easie frie. 1674 tr. P. M. de la Martinière xii. 32 If..they throw their Nets, and draw up but one Fish, they look upon it as a dangerous Omen. 1777 J. Woodforde 8 May (1924) I. 203 Bill caught only one little Miney but he did not throw above four times. 1838 E. W. Lane tr. (1839) I. ii. 101 The fisherman..went forth to the lake, and threw his net. 1889 M. Crommelin & J. M. Brown II. ix. 154 Violet..learnt to throw a fly. 1891 20 June 734/1 Good anglers..can throw to a hairbreadth and not miss. 1904 July 26 He shoved the boat around that whole broiling afternoon, throwing his net wildly here and there. 1960 28 July 25/2 The angler is throwing flies into pools, pockets and fast riffs. 1998 25 June 102/3 He was a canny angler who threw a marvellous line. 24. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > bring to the ground/lay low a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate (Arun.) (1911) l. 2032 (MED) They shal first be bete doun ful lowe, And alle the toures to erth ythrowe. 1569 R. Grafton II. 139 Some of them [sc. manours], they threwe to the grounde and consumed with fire. 1602 S. Patrick tr. I. Gentillet i. 24 The Castle may be throwne to the earth. 1794 R. MacCulloch II. 313 Her walls and towers were thrown to the ground. 1878 R. Jefferies iii. 52 The entire wood is thrown and renovated. 1908 25 Jan. 9 Some 40 telephone wires had to be temporarily cut, in order to enable the [chimney] shaft to be ‘thrown’. 2016 (Nexis) 30 Jan. (Spectrum section) 14 More than 600 mature trees were thrown to the ground..when..the Tresco Abbey Gardens were lacerated by 180km/h winds. a1743 J. Cannon (2010) II. 519 He was to throw the anthill & dig the trench. 1785 T. Stone 68 This sort of land has been altered by laying or throwing the ant-hills; that is, by paring off the superficial parts of the hills, throwing out the contents about the land, and then laying down such parings upon the basis of the hills. 1848 9 i. 25 Ant-hills..the other plan is, to throw them, or what is provincially termed ‘gelding’. 1898 O. P. Cambridge in I. 464/1 ‘Throwing the emmet-butts’ is the term applied to levelling them down. society > occupation and work > industry > earth-moving, etc. > [verb (intransitive)] > dig or excavate 1843 Midland Mining Comm.: 1st Rep.: S. Staffs. p. xxx, in XIII. 1 The next operation is to take away these spurns, and so let the coal fall, which is called ‘throwing’ the coal. 1881 9 185 Throwing,..the operation of breaking out the spurns, so as to leave the hanging coal unsupported, except by its own cohesion. 25. the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > specific animate object the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > deal or give (a stroke or blow) 1488 (c1478) Hary (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 252 That staff he had, hewy and forgyt new, With it Wallace wpon the hede him threw, Quhill bayn and brayn all in-to sondir ȝeid. the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > with the hand > with the fist > direct (a blow with the fist) 1508 (Chepman & Myllar) sig. bviv Thai threw in that thrang Stalvart strakis and strang. c1580 ( tr. (1925) I. i. 1166 His sere brak, bot his brand he drew, And strakis rude about him threw. 1592 A. Munday tr. E. de Maisonneufve viii. sig. I3v Raising himselfe into rage and choller more then before, presseth on himselfe neerer and neerer, to throwe a violent blowe on the braue warriour. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso vii. xci. 135 Waste were his strokes, his thrusts were idle throwne. 1679 22 Ah how he yirk'd the Rogue, how neat and clever He threw in's stroaks. 1787 J. Magee 76 The old scoundrel who first threw a blow in my face. 1867 Sept. 401/2 The first man that throws a stone..at this young parson, I'll throw my fist in his face. 1884 28 Jan. 2/3 McCoy threw his left-handers on Dave's neck and breast with all the power possible for him. 1902 2 July 8/4 Rogers seemed plenteously scared and afraid to throw a good punch. 1976 J. Lewis iv. 54 Maybe the kid had a hammer in his glove; surely he couldn't have thrown a punch hard enough to hurt him like that one had. 2001 8 Jan. d9/1 He quickly thew a left hook to the body that left Muriqi wheezing. the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] 1590 E. Spenser iii. ix. sig. Ll3 Then drew he his bright sword, & gan about him throw. 1656 S. Smith 205 When men be angry, they throw about them, lay on load, smite hard. 1693 A. M. 30 If he shall fling or throw about him, beat and abuse all he mets, Curse and Blaspheme Heaven. the world > matter > light > shine [verb (transitive)] 1565 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ (new ed.) ix. sig. HH.vv The Sunne doth downward fall, amyd the westerne streames: From whence..he throwes his latest beames. 1590 E. Spenser ii. vii. sig. S7v Her broad beauties beam great brightnes threw Through the dim shade. 1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) iii. i, in I. 29 To through the least beame of reguard, vpon such a——. 1698 W. Alingham 41 The People that Inhabit betwixt the Tropick of Cancer, and the Circle Artick, have the Sun never Vertical; their shadows are always thrown toward the North. 1742 J. Wright ii. iv. 64 The Moon may be in such a Position in her Orbit, as to pass the ecliptic Opposition or Conjunction..too low..to be able to throw her Shadow upon the Earth. 1797 A. Radcliffe I. viii. 217 A nun, kneeling..beneath a lamp, which threw its rays aslant her head. 1825 T. Hook 2nd Ser. III. 153 Showers of rain..threw a gloom over the gaieties. 1871 6 May 2/1 He appeared to have lit a lamp, but the light it threw was dim and uncertain. 1921 11 Oct. 7/4 (advt.) This flash-light is capable of throwing a beam 300 feet or more. 1955 (News of World) 115/1 Use standard lamps and wall brackets which throw light on to the ceiling. 2010 S. Junger ii. viii. 181 Midafternoon with the sun just starting to throw cold blue shadows across the valley. 27. the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [verb (transitive)] > moult the world > animals > birds > feather > [verb (transitive)] > moult 1600 W. Shakespeare ii. i. 255 There the snake throwes her enammeld skinne. View more context for this quotation c1625 T. Heywood tr. Ovid iii. 67 When that in age ye grow Ye haue no heads to cast no skins to throw. 1765 41 If your Pigeons..stop in their molting, so that they don't throw their feathers well. 1775 D. Loch ii. 49 This practice..would..keep the lambs from throwing their fleece. 1876 Nov. 405/1 I felt that a false nature was disappearing, ‘as a serpent throws its skin,’ and that my true self was coming into conscious life. 1607 G. Markham i. 15 Being horses which take an especial delight in bounding,..they haue been seene many times to throw their shooes from their feet, with an almost incredible furie. 1821 W. Scott I. ix. 223 To shoe my horse,..you may see that he has thrown a fore-foot shoe. 1881 24 111/2 He threw a shoe right opposite the office just as he bolted. He threw a second shoe in about three strides after. 1910 18 June 775/1 ‘Horse thrown a shoe, sir,’ said the driver. 1992 30 July 9/6 As Get Smart leaned into the turn the much-loved horse threw a hind shoe. 2003 T. Groneberg 39 Little Tim's wrangler horse..had thrown a shoe. society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > build or construct [verb (transitive)] > build bridge 1627 H. Gage tr. H. Hugo 28 He threw a bridg ouer the Merke, fastning Boats vnderneath it, to beare vp the floore. 1751 J. Brown i. viii. 74 This visionary Arch, which he hath..thrown over the Depths of Error. 1793 T. Hastings vi. 74 He proposes to throw a bridge over the Fleet-market. 1830 W. Scott II. xviii. 336 (note) The skill to throw an arch..or erect a stair. 1849 Jan. 16/1 A suspension bridge has been thrown over the river. 1900 12 Nov. 3/7 A roof thrown over the intervening space from pier to pier. 1965 18 Nov. 1316/1 In one glorious vault, he threw an arch from wall to wall. 2003 2 Apr. b7/5 Rivers and irrigation canals..will have to have temporary bridges thrown over them for the marines' equipment to cross. 1645 J. Whittaker 16 Seek the kingdome of God,..and then all these things shall be superadded unto you; God will throw them into the bargain. 1676 M. Lister in J. Ray (1848) 125 I would either put them [sc. observations] out separately,..or throw them into Mr. Willughby's store. 1713 J. Addison in 16 July 1/2 How many additional Years are always to be thrown into Female Computations of this Nature. 1862 Nov. 503 The saddle being thrown into the bargain. 1903 A. Adams vii. 85 Flood's attention once drawn to the brand, he ordered them thrown into our herd. 1966 10 Apr. 10/3 He also, by throwing federal money into the equation, took..a further step down the road to socialism. 2013 24 June 72/3 The kind of record-label executive who thinks that throwing a free Maybach into a contract can undo other injustices. 30. the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > give (a vote) [verb (transitive)] the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > expression of choice by some approved method > express choice [verb (intransitive)] > by some approved means 1648 No. 17. sig. R2 Stagers of the House, were willing to throw their Votes any way, and be rid of their King. 1768 W. Musgrave Let. 12 Feb. in Hist. MSS Comm.: 15th Rep.: App. Pt. VI: MSS Earl of Carlisle (1897) 241 in (C. 8551) LI. i. 1 But if they will be artful enough to throw their votes so as to choose one of your candidates, it is my opinion we ought to remain contented for the present. 1844 W. Phillips in W. P. Garrison & F. J. Garrison (1889) III. iv. 99 No one can take office, or throw a vote for another to hold office,..without violating his anti-slavery principles. 1890 8 Mar. 329/2 Their usual leaders do not know their thoughts, and until their votes are thrown, can form only guesses as to the way their sympathies are tending. 1904 Aug. 129/2 A good portion of the votes thrown for Abraham Lincoln were by those who had been identified with the Douglas Democracy. 2007 (Nexis) 2 July 3 b I'll throw a vote for a renewed Washington Avenue, and hope for the best. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics 1866 Aug. 504 Like a man who, playing at cards, throws his ace on a king, queen, and Jack, when everybody thought he hadn't a trump left. 1879 ‘Cavendish’ 109 Throwing the ace of hearts to the last spade. 1891 28 Nov. 842/3 We should throw four diamonds, and the seven of spades, but do not say it is the proper ‘discard’. 1914 F. Irwin vii. 115 I played king and queen, and B threw the nine. 1952 I. Macleod xiii. 159 East must make a ‘McKenney’ by throwing the Jack of Diamonds calling for a Spade switch. 2013 19 Dec. c5/1 He erred by throwing one diamond and one club. the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being solid rather than fluid > solid rather than fluid [verb (transitive)] > deposit (sediment) the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being solid rather than fluid > solid rather than fluid [verb (intransitive)] > sink to the bottom as sediment > deposit a sediment 1731 P. Shaw 76 A Solution of Sugar of Lead..which turns them milky, and throws a Sediment to the Bottom. 1827 6 67 Solution of binacetate of lead throws a precipitate, which is soluble in nitric acid. 1893 A. A. Stevens (ed. 2) 98 The Urine..is smoky in appearance..and throws a heavy sediment. 1930 S. Field & A. D. Weill iv. 64 With copper and zinc sulphate solutions..there is little tendency to ‘throw’. 1956 S. M. Tritton iii. 89 The wine..should not throw a deposit nor form bubbles round the perimeter of the liquid. 2009 A. Boehmer 6/2 Most red wines will throw sediment as they age. 32. the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > bring forth, produce, or bear 1738 G. Smith II. 515 Round about the Hall were placed Censors and Perfuming-Pans, which threw a continual Scent of sweet Perfumes. 1837 W. Ingledew 35 The firmness and maturity necessary to enable them to throw shoots strong enough to bear good fruit. 1891 25 Dec. 6/5 Indian or Ceylon teas..throw a stronger liquor than the same amount of China tea would in double or treble the time. 1919 2 Oct. 21/3 I have just planted some chrysanthemums... They are six inches high and some are throwing buds. 1974 J. Olsen 244 A sweaty little man in a gray undershirt, throwing an odor that would flatten a horse. 2003 K. DeVivo 87 The garlic began to throw shoots in February, because the winter was mild. the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [verb (transitive)] > give birth to 1824 5 May (advt.) The Mare is an excellent mould for throwing Foals, and worth looking after. 1858 19 i. 28 In a breeding sow for a dairy farm..we should have a disposition to throw large farrows and a good supply of milk. 1903 9 Jan. 5/2 In 1884 she threw a calf to a bison bull. 1948 R. Gathorne-Hardy (ed. 3) vi. 39 An attempt, frustrated by the richness of royal blood, to throw an albino. 1957 25 Nov. 2/7 The Suffolk is one of the largest framed breeds and will throw well-grown lambs. 1995 Jan. 6/1 Charolais are big white cows..and they throw big calves. 1875 Nov. 424/3 Continuing to breed from the same strain or type, which in time becomes a thoroughbred one, and throws true. 1916 19 Oct. 727/3 He must pick the best individuals of existing breeds,..outbreed and inbreed, until a type is established which throws true. 2009 F. Lynghaug i. 116/1 He kept this stock on his ranch, breeding and culling out those offspring that did not throw ‘true’. society > occupation and work > industry > earth-moving, etc. > [verb (transitive)] > raise mound, etc. 1747 R. Clayton tr. Herodotus in Introd. 15 By throwing a Rampart above Memphis of about an hundred Stades in length.., [Menes] dried up that Part of the Nile. 1760 D. Gordon II. 7 Render his retreat impracticable by fortifications thrown across the streets. 1771 J. Curry & C. O'Conor 33 If they did not fight in the cause of liberty, and throw ramparts about it, we might be slaves, not freemen. 1843 F. Marryat III. xi. 227 Nearly all the hills in this part of New York were thrown by human hands. 1874 J. Collett in 373 Three sacred mounds thrown upon or against the sides of the second terrace or bluff east and southeast of Vincennes. 1914 G. Melby 47 Now is a cordon thrown By mail-clad men and spears, between which peep The curious. 1991 N. N. Magee in 2 133 The officers throw a roadblock about the neighborhood and search every outgoing car. 2016 16 July (South/West ed.) 93/1 The only course of action is to throw a cordon sanitaire around a district hit by the highest level of exposure. 34. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > cause to jump [verb (transitive)] > cause to turn somersaults > perform (a somersault or cartwheel) 1773 D. Garrick in (new ed.) Prol. I'm not prepar'd as yet To dance the wire, or throw a somerset. 1826 10 Sept. 585/1 Throw a somerset, leap a stick, tumble through a hoop. 1852 8 May 166/1 There were..juveniles, who turned over three times, or threw ‘cartwheels’ for a penny. 1889 R. S. S. Baden-Powell viii. 39 Mr. Kingscote threw about three back somersaults. 1942 25 Apr. 16/2 Mr. Dykes should be throwing handsprings in front of the dugout in delight. 1991 (Nexis) 15 July (Arts section) 16 What were quaintly referred to as ‘Go-Go dancers’..threw shapes. 2009 7 Feb. (Pursuits section) As the light wanes above the Swiss Alps, west-country boy Dan Wakeman is throwing backflips. the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > unhealthy excitement > go into hysterics [verb (intransitive)] the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > have convulsive or paralytic disorder [verb (intransitive)] > fit 1896 S. Crane iii. 22 Deh ol' woman 'ill be trowin' fits. 1897 C. M. Flandrau 132 I don't suppose the creature thought I was throwing a fit like that just for exercise. 1930 4 May 15/2 Caesar throws his fit off stage. 1945 18 Mar. (Women's section) 12/2 We won't develop our state's vast potentialities..by throwing a hissy over outside criticism. 1986 16 Apr. 11/4 The child..throws a paddy at the very idea of trying a mouthful of greens. 2014 A. Todd xciv. 518 He threw a tantrum at the airport when he..realized I was here to pick him up instead of his mum. 35. colloquial. the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] > put into a certain shape the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > engage vigorously [verb (reflexive)] society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a motor vehicle > operate clutch or gears society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a motor vehicle > operate clutch or gears > put vehicle into a gear 1804 11 June The rollers and break being wrought by a horse, or water, and so constructed as to work any number, by throwing them out of gears as occasion may require. 1879 (new ed.) IV. 360/1 Clutches are arranged to throw the working parts into and out of gear as required. 1901 July 210/2 The work of some of his men is also thrown out of gear, as that of the smith, or his drummer, the riveter, or his hammerman. 1904 A. B. F. Young vii. 176 The mighty engine is fretting and heating itself with impatience, and the clutch is continually being thrown in and out. 1948 A. Huxley (1949) i. 12 He threw the car into gear and we were off. 1969 J. T. Story ii. 16 I was forced to rev my engine and throw the gears into reverse. 1979 N. Slater x. 177 He threw the cruising Alfa into third gear and powered away. 2003 Y. B. Moore xxi. 195 As he pulled parallel to the Malibu, JC slammed on the brakes, threw the gearshift into park, and his crew bailed out of the car in unison. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > lever > operate by moving lever [verb (transitive)] 1869 16 Aug. The engineer observed a man throw the switch and run into the woods. 1928 Apr. 63/2 Upon observing the warning signal, the engineer may throw a lever and disconnect the control. 1940 ‘N. Shute’ 152 If it goes higher you must throw this switch. 1962 23 Apr. 31/6 Bob Smith threw a lever that released his glider from its tow plane. 2010 R. Thomas 488 He threw the switch on the headlights in an attempt to blind his attackers. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > be useless for [verb (transitive)] > make useless > make unserviceable 1902 8 Aug. 9/4 The monster motor of the Bay State rider threw its chain, which was quickly ground into bits, and spoiled the carboretor and igniter of the big rattler. 1954 29 103 Throw a clutch,..to break a clutch, usually in speed-shifting. ‘On the fourth run we threw a clutch, so that was the end.’ 1976 1 July 4- e/1 A truck for Springfield, Va., threw its transmission near Towson. 2008 G. E. Salecker x. 103 When the lead tank, medium No. 19, threw a clutch, the entire advance came to a halt. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (intransitive)] > vomit 1804 J. Austen 14 Sept. (1952) 140 I..give the Cook physic which she throws off her stomach. 1825 in W. Mackie (1991) 18 He is weak, drinks and throws again. 1868 J. C. Atkinson 533 Desper'tly follered on wiv sickness, our James is. He's thrawn a vast o' times sen moorn. ?1890 (new ed.) 374 He retched an' he threw i' the hight ov his anguish. 1912 at Throw Mod. Sc. ‘I no sooner get up but I begin to throw’. 1991 W. Muir in J. Hendry 74–5 95 She's retching and thrawing like ony ither Uneasy mither. 37. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [verb (transitive)] > lift up (feet) 1827 W. Scott 1st Ser. I. ii. 36 A famous piece of rough upland pasture, for rearing young colts, and teaching them to throw their feet. 1894 23 Sept. 9/4 If they throw their feet too much, or overreach,..they must be shod and handled to rectify the fault. the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > walk, tread, or step [verb (intransitive)] > regular and uniform > with quick step 1897 25 Nov. It is yet too early for them to get out and ‘throw their feet’, or ‘hustle for breakfast’. 1907 J. London 12 I could ‘throw my feet’ with the next one when it came to ‘slamming a gate’ for a ‘poke-out’ or a ‘set-down’. 1934 24 They had mooched the stem and threw their feet. the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > perplexity, bewilderment > act of perplexing > confuse, perplex, bewilder [verb (transitive)] 1844 E. B. Barrett (1983) II. 431 He appeared to me far more thrown by this last adversity than he ever was by the death of his Katy. 1876 B. Harte Gabriel Conroy xxvii, in Mar. 689/1 If Vincente had not been quite thrown by his potations, he would have seen an undue eagerness in Victor's mouth and eyes. 1941 B. Schulberg vi. 104 Don't let Julian's worries throw you. 1961 C. Willock ix. 172 Miche refused to be thrown. ‘I rather like enthusiasms,’ she said gallantly. 2013 S. Kernick lxii. 282 He paused, then said something that completely threw me. society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > violently 1845 9 Apr. 467/1 With a motion quick as thought [he] would ply his oars, and then pause again, until..with a studied motion of the oar he threw the boat on to two skids which projected into the water. 1906 10 Oct. 7/2 Dr. Wellschott states that he purposely threw the car over the bank to avoid hitting a boy who ran directly in front of the car. 1934 21 Mar. 15/4 The pilot..was stunting and threw the plane into a tailspin which led to the fatal crash. 1985 2 June 39/5 Dunlop..combined care at speed with flourish, occasionally throwing his bike around more than his rivals. 2000 S. Poole ii. 40 As in most racing games, players must learn to throw their cars into powerslides with abandon. society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > lose > deliberately or by corrupt pre-arrangement 1853 18 June 193/3 The excitement on the track beggared description—some swearing that Nodine threw the race, and others abusing the judges for their decision. 1876 20 Sept. 4/6 The charge of throwing a game is a serious one, and means extinction to the club that is convicted of it. 1940 ‘E. Queen’ in Oct. 27/1 ‘Brown threw the fight?’ asked..a member of the Boxing Commission. 1978 9 Jan. 8/5 During the Chancellorship of Mr Roy Jenkins, Lord Allen had to ‘throw’ their occasional [tennis] matches for fear of puncturing the considerable vanity of his political master. 2007 D. Goldblatt in H. K. Anheier et al. vii. 167/2 Referees have been bought, linesmen have been corralled and games have been thrown. 1908 18 Feb. 7/2 Elmer Hall ‘threw a party’, Saturday night. 1937 6 Mar. 11/5 Anona Winn threw a party a few nights ago at her flat in Maida Vale. 1959 12 Feb. 5/5 She brought her proud, unshocked relatives down from Salford and threw a celebration for them. 1991 Dec. 54 If you want to have one great party this season, throw a dinner designed for dalliance. 2011 S. Jones x. 216 Word flew around the room that Maxine was throwing a huge bash at her place. Phrases P1. With reflexive pronoun and preposition. Cf. sense 11b. a. to throw oneself into. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin i. f. 66v If no man do wittingly and willingly throw hymselfe into the case yt he nede to repente [L. se in pœnitentiæ necessitatem coniicit]. 1595 L. Lewkenor sig. C2v To rid himself of both which inconueniences at once, he had throwen himself into this headlong action. 1661 tr. B. Dordevic i. 45 When a Conquest is declared, the Cities straight throw themselves into all delights and joyings. 1699 J. Shipton tr. N. Malebranche xii. 119 Every one rashly throws himself into the Conversation of the World. 1711 in (1924) XXV. 442 Many of the offenders..by reason of such their guilt and thro' a despair of our mercy, may throw themselves into evil courses of life. 1761 tr. C. Batteux III. iv. 119 Whenever he [sc. a poet] is apprehensive of tiring or disgusting his readers, he will intirely quit that particular species for a while, and throw himself into the epic or dramatic. 1847 C. Brontë III. viii. 184 And try to restrain the disproportionate fervour with which you throw yourself into common-place home pleasures. 1888 J. W. Burgon II. v. 46 He was..prepared to throw himself heart and soul into any project. 1934 H. G. Wells II. ix. 783 They were not throwing themselves into their parts. 2006 Apr. 246/3 She has thrown herself into her charitable work. (b) to throw oneself into the arms of. 1612 W. Shute tr. T. de Fougasses ii. 340 Octauio..did on a sodain determine by a precipitate councell, to throw himselfe into the armes of the same Spaniards [Fr. se ietter entre les mains des mesmes Espagnols] of whom he had receiued so many wrongs. 1649 Earl of Monmouth tr. J. F. Senault Pref. sig. C4v Forsaking his lawful Soveraign, he threw himself into the arms of an Usurper. 1726 J. Trapp iii. 213 To throw themselves into the Arms of That Church, be Attrite for their Sins, confess them to a Priest, and receive his Absolution, and they are safe. 1777 W. Barron iv. 129 If Athens should not yield to their pretensions, they needed only to throw themselves into the arms of Sparta. 1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ 159 Mazzini..blames the Milanese for throwing themselves into the arms of an Italian. 1891 H. W. Bellew 41 He..retraced his steps to throw himself into the arms of Ghiathuddin Malik Kurd. 1922 May 221 For a long time..I have thrown myself into the arms of the Blessed Virgin, and I dread nothing, not even death. 1981 24 Jan. 43/1 The unionist Syrian Baathists threw themselves into the arms of Egypt's President Nasser. 2011 D. Hahn tr. M. Dueñas xxxv. 351 Beigbeder was not so incautious that he would throw himself into the arms of a foreign country. 1668 J. B. tr. A.-M.-L. d'Orléans 61 She had formerly some thoughts of marrying the Arch-Duke Leopold of Austria.., which obliged his Majesty to have a Guard attending her,..lest she should throw her self into his Arms. 1699 J. Harris i. ii. 3 I have known a handsome young Lady of Sixteen, throw her self into the gouty Arms of Threescore and Ten. 1714 5 The Fair Citizen.., making her Escape from her Husband, threw herself into the Arms of the Amorous Monarch. 1750 14 July 273/1 Suppose, Madam, a Woman of an illustrious and antient Descent..should throw herself into the Arms of a Man of small Fortune. 1824 Ld. J. Russell I. ii. iii. 466 The Duke of Orleans, disgusted with his marriage, threw himself into the arms of a mistress. 1871 E. A. Freeman IV. xviii. 231 Their wives were throwing themselves into the arms of other men. 1933 5 Nov. 11/4 The husband,..throwing himself into the arms of another woman. 2006 K. Butcher 81 You're so desperate to have a boyfriend you don't care who the guy is. You'd throw yourself into the arms of the Boston Strangler if he looked at you sideways! b. to throw oneself on (or upon). the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > appeal to or invoke the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > eat voraciously 1592 L. Andrewes iv. f. 54 Commend themselues to God, and throw themselues vppon Gods mercie. 1604 G. Widley ii. i. 88 Throw thy selfe vpon the Lord, and resolue that as he gaue, so if it please him to take it thou wilt be content. 1644 5 The Parliament throw themselves on your affections. 1695 M. Micklethwait tr. 27 That Lady..who should throw her self upon any Man, unsolicited. 1748 S. Richardson VI. xix. 52 I had reason to regret, that I had not from the first thrown my self upon their protection. 1787 tr. 215 God takes care of such as throw themselves on his providence. 1837 17 Feb. 6/4 The unfortunate persons who were compelled to throw themselves on the parish for relief. 1869 C. M. Yonge Cameos xciv, in May 442 His wife threw herself upon James's mercy. 1914 T. S. Eliot 23 Aug. (1988) I. 53 I could throw myself on the consul at Rotterdam. 1988 D. French (1991) iii. 89 I threw myself on the mercy of the admission committee. 2003 22 Oct. (T2 section) 4/3 Raisa has thrown herself on the mercy of the authorities in Chechnya. 1616 W. Browne II. iv. 98 And throw himselfe vpon a Rabbets necke. 1641 R. Codrington tr. Queen Margaret of Valois i. 68 All the troupes threw themselves on that poore Gentleman and left him dead in the street. 1695 J. Savage tr. F. Sanson 76 The Persian Battles are never regular: They throw themselves upon their Enemy in round Bodies. 1756 tr. C. C. de Peyssonnel ii. v. 47 The soldiers..redoubled their efforts, and threw themselves upon the Lesgees with so much fury, that they could not bear the shock. 1790 July 15/1 Some of these [wild beasts] threw themselves on the weaker animals, and destroyed them. 1823 W. Scott I. iv. 62 He threw himself upon the ragout, and the plate was presently vacant. 1865 June 201/1 While Morcar threw himself on the right [wing], Edwin and young Waltheof had advanced against the left. 1907 V. S. Howard tr. S. Lagerlöf xiii. 269 It was heart-rending to see how the wild beasts had thrown themselves upon the sheep just for sport—just to hunt them and tear them to death. 1979 12 31/1 The cabaros..bellowing, scratching the ground and throwing themselves on the spectators. 2001 I. Abrams ii. iv. 267/1 The starving men threw themselves upon the food they were given. the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt with [verb (transitive)] > try determinedly to gain (someone's) affections the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt with [verb (transitive)] > be placed so as to invite man's attention 1770 Aug. 420/2 I want to..throw my person and my fortune at the head of the first man that will kindly ask me the question.] 1782 E. Cacaoult de la Mimardière II. 179 Certain women..make the first advances; and.., as one may say, throw themselves at the head of their lovers. 1883 July 267 She courted him, seduced him in fact, threw herself at him in such a way that flesh and blood could not withstand. 1914 J. L. Williams i. 21 He's a thoroughbred; he wouldn't even look at a girl who throws herself at his head. 1941 14 July 13/4 If I were you, I'd be ashamed of myself. You're just throwing yourself at the men. 2002 June 80/3 I've had girls throw themselves at me in a club just because I'm a model. P2. to throw open. a. 1570 G. Fenton tr. J. de Serres ii. 138 The battery began in the morning against the wall and gate of the suburbs, which by .ij. of the clock in the after noone had thrown open [Fr. faite] a wyde breach. 1575 G. Fenton f. 99 The gates of his darke kingdome were throwne open. 1641 Bp. J. Hall ii. 83 The way not to be barred by the gate, is to throw open the hedge. 1681 J. Carol 4 The Constable of Loughrea..very rudely throwing open the Chamber-dore. 1705 J. Michelborne ii. v. 156 Let me have all the Cellar Doors thrown open, and all the Hogsheads and Barrels rolled down to Shipkey-Gate. 1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes I. iii. iii. 99 Sancho..the inn-gate being thrown wide open, sallied forth. 1822 A. Martin x. 122 The advertising board was taken down, the shutters thrown open, and the appearance of busy workmen announced an approaching inhabitant. 1885 R. C. Praed I. vi. 123 He..threw open the shutters. 1935 78 167 It contains nine different types of flat, each with..a glass-enclosed sun-room that can be thrown open in fine weather. 1986 P. Behrens Wanda in (1987) 136 Timothy got out of the car..and threw open the trunk. 2011 I. Johansen ii. 30 Eve threw open the door before he could ring the bell. the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)] > offer freely to all the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards or approach (a thing, place, or person) [verb (transitive)] > bring near > make accessible 1827 O. W. Roberts 235 The depositories were not thrown open. 1850 Feb. 85/2 Labouring to throw open the gates of commerce. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. III. 192 A University Reform Act..threw open the endowments. 1921 A. Gardner ii. 45 When the degree examinations were thrown open, a good many Cambridge women took the London BA or MA after their triposes in order to have some title to present to the academic world. 1974 24 July 4/6 Mr Rodino will make a few introductory comments to his vast television audience..and he will then throw open the debate. 2016 (Nexis) 26 Nov. a 10 It is an in-depth Q and A with the moderator and then throwing it open to questions from the attendees. 1648 T. Barlow 11 The stubbornnesse of some Pretenders to the use of reasonable Souls (who shall thereupon refuse to throw their doores open to the spoylers) require him to bee recalled to the execution of his Office againe. 1760 S. Squire 31 Would the legislature enable you to support the expence of throwing open your friendly doors to all who shall offer themselves for inoculation. 1790 Sept. 392 Her house..threw open its doors for the reception of masks. 1866 10 Feb. 8/2 We are not a clique... We throw open our doors to the whole University. 1886 H. M. Field ix. 99 You throw open your doors to us: we sit at your table. 1917 June 784/2 The smallest church..has in it homes willing to throw open their doors to Bible classes. 1949 29 Apr. 20/6 Brooklyn State Hospital threw open its doors to the public for two hours yesterday afternoon. 2007 29 May 38/1 Brisbane's ethnic clubs are throwing open their doors to new members. 1609 G. Chapman sig. C3 But this is Learning; To haue skill to throwe Reignes on your bodies powres, that nothing knowe. 1654 J. Wells xvii. 285 Every sinner, did not Gods mercy throw a chaine over him, he would make his grave in his own wounds. 1660 R. Sanderson iv. 201 This were to throw a Snare on the Consciences of his Subjects. 1825 W. Scott Talisman iv, in III. 117 That modest pride, which throws fetters even on love itself. 2013 (Nexis) (N. Ireland ed.) 22 Sept. 11 Dublin selectors saw a player with lightning speed and an appetite for work who..could also kick and buck like a horse in need of wrangling. Even if they could throw reins on him, no one was sure what might happen. 1688 R. L'Estrange II. vi. 97 The Dr does him the Good Office to throw a Cloak over the Subornation. 1724 27 Mar. They throw a Masque over the Rancour of his Heart. 1833 J. H. Newman ii. 163 However plausible may be the veil thus thrown over heterogeneous doctrines, the flimsy artifice is discomposed so soon as [etc.]. 1917 13 May viii. 14/5 There is no such thing as a fact in this war. Censorships have thrown a curtain over it all. 2011 C. Collins & F. Yeskel (new ed.) iv. 116/2 The Fed will usually go back to its role of throwing a blanket on economic growth by raising interest rates. the mind > emotion > zeal or enthusiasm > be zealous for [verb (transitive)] 1807 June 459/2 Mrs. Charles Kemble threw her accustomed spirit into the part of Catherine. 1868 E. Edwards I. iii. 43 He continued to throw all his energy into the distasteful duty. 1890 8 Nov. 707/3 The Blackheath forwards threw great spirit into their play. 1932 1 Oct. 13/6 The whole of the Press..wholeheartedly throwing their whole efforts into making a success of the campaign. 2015 C. C. Anderson xxiii. 347 I must be passionate about what I do, ready to throw my heart and soul into it. 1916 4 July 2/2 ‘They threw everything at us except half crowns,’ said a man of the Royal Scots. 1944 13 June 5/4 Bitter fighting for the full possession of the pinnacle began at close quarters. Everything was thrown into it—grenades, automatics, bayonets and even rifle butts. 1976 16 Dec. 7/5 The back four..were equal to everything that Attenborough could throw at them. 1990 B. Anderson (1992) xvi. 189 He turned to her,..ready for anything a day at Sun Alliance Life could throw at him. 1923 5 Aug. 6/1 All carriers are instructed to throw the papers on the residence porches at all times.] 1941 27 Jan. 3/5 He started throwing papers after school for the Ardmoreite. 1950 11 Mar. 1318/2 After I get out of school I have to throw a paper route and then eat supper. 1979 19 May 1 He had planned to get him a job for summer as a sacker at a grocer or throwing newspapers. 2005 L. Armstrong-Kelly 57 He had a job throwing papers at night, and we decided it would go a lot faster if I helped. Phrasal verbs With adverbs in specialized senses of branch III. to throw about 1. transitive. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > about c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. l. 163 This sleuthe..a slynge made, And threwe drede of dyspayre a dozein myle aboute. 1566 W. Adlington tr. Apuleius vi. f. 63 The Graces threwe about baulme, the Muses sange with sweete harmony. 1633 W. Prynne i. 400 Thou..throwest about thine hands, skippests about with thy feet, and whirlests [sic] about with thy whole body. 1719 D. Defoe 55 They..threw every Thing about in such a manner, that the poor Men..found some of their Things a Mile off. 1856 15 Jan. 39/1 The dropped a few black peas on the fire, and threw them about. 1965 20 June 4/6 The tree-tops are being thrown about by a high wind. 2005 S. Limb (2012) xxxvii. 249 She pulled off all her clothes and threw them about. society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > violently 1917 15 May 346/3 It was proposed in favor of the large machine that since it cannot be thrown about by the pilot it does not require so great a factor of safety as the small machine. 1959 11 Nov. 524/1 On the confined test ground it seemed easier to ‘throw about’ than the big B.M.W., but neither car could show its paces in the space available. 2000 6 Dec. 35/4 The Columbian [driver]..impressed with the determined way he was throwing his car about. society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > go about > by tacking 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in sig. L4 I..meane for better winde about to throwe. 1757 Capt. Randall Jrnl. in (1805) 14 98 They threw about, and stood for us again. 1897 7 June 10/3 Isolde threw about on the weather bow of the Inglis cutter. 1965 7 July 5/3 Tait..made a splendid start, throwing about on to port tack within seconds of the gun. Obsolete. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > throw down c1275 in R. Morris (1872) 158 Weilawei, deþ þe schal adun þrowe. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Otho) (1963) l. 6149 Þe cheorles..þan king icnewen and hine adun þreuwe. a1325 St. Martha (Corpus Cambr. 145) l. 35 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 350 Martha..it [sc. the dragon] þreu adoun and bonde it faste anon. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 9306 Baners and castels adoun yþrawe. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 69 (MED) Þe moste dele of þat wode is nowe i-þrowe adoun [?a1475 anon. tr. kytte downe]. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius (BL Add. 10340) (1868) ii. pr. iv. l. 1086 But yif alle þinges fallen at hys owen wille for he..is nat vsed to han none aduersitee, an-oone he is þrowe adoune for euery lytel þing. a1525 (Trin. Dublin) (1896) 18 Thay lay all I-drow a-doune and I-cast to grond. 1561 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ (new ed.) vi. sig. Q.vv And often she doth throwe a downe with her vnequall hande Such as of late she did permit a loft on whele to stand. 1602 i. vi. sig. B4 Fortune..That makes, that marres, sets vp, and throwes adowne. to throw aside 1530 [implied in: J. Palsgrave 281/1 Throwyng asyde.., debaux. (at throwing aside n. at throwing n.2 Compounds 1)]. 1546 J. Bale f. 41 Now..yt is in good waye to that fredom agayne, & wold fully attayne therunto, were her heythnysh yokes in relygyon ones throwne asyde. 1696 A. Telfair 10 His Dog catcht a Fulmard by the way, which Andrew threw aside when he came into the House. 1778 P. D. Leslie vi. 290 His shirt became so wet that he was obliged to throw it aside. 1857 W. A. Miller III. 127 When masses of the husk of the grape..are thrown aside, and allowed to ferment. 1933 E. Ferber 14 Miss Fayne threw aside the bedclothes. 2006 ‘J. le Carré’ (2007) x. 182 He has thrown aside his jacket but left his tie in place. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > non-use > refrain from using [verb (transitive)] > discard from use 1532 Ep. Ded. sig. aa.iiv Whiche olde englysshe wordes and vulgars no wyse man, bycause of theyr antiquite, wyll throwe asyde. 1649 G. Winstanley vi. 131 Common people are afraid, that all Lawes and Governments shall be thrown aside. 1755 H. Fielding III. vi. 96 She forthwith threw aside her prudential Cautions. 1770 C. White 3 She herself had..worn a common wooden leg.., but soon threw it aside in favour of the other, which gave her free use of her knee joint. 1827 J. Clare 59 The old beechen bowl..is thrown aside. 1857 W. A. Miller III. i. 14 A little of the dried oxide of copper, which is thrown aside. 1880 T. Fowler viii. 128 He throws aside the technical phraseology of the schools. 1934 7 July 15/6 Practically all the old surveys have been thrown aside as waste, and only a few remain. 2008 A. Halavais in J. Turrow & L. Tsui (2011) i. 48 Companies are throwing aside traditional hierarchies in favor of more agile, networked organizations. the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings xv. 23 For þi..þat þou hast throwyn a-wey [L. abiecisti] þe woord of þe lord, þe lord haþ throwen a-wei [L. abiecit] þee þat þou be not kyng. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 13 (MED) Þrow not awey [L. noli repellere] þat þou hast to forhonde approved. c1450 (c1415) in W. O. Ross (1940) 103 (MED) Throwe we avey þe werkes of derkenes. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Pref. sig. A.vi The whole countrie of Grecia.., Thracia, & all Turquie throwyng awaie Christe, are become the folowers and worshippers of Mahomet. 1575 T. Cartwright p. clxxxii The Ans. [i.e. Whitgift's Second Answer] maye throwe awaye the authoritie off a councell, because of an error in yt. 1652 G. Firmin 47 You admit nothing for which you have not expresse Scripture. Hence you throw away Infant-baptisme, Sabbath, &c. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > away the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject > as useless or unneeded a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xi. lxxxvii. 1348 Þe male [raven] bryngeþ mete al þe mene tyme, and þroweþ awey [L. eiicit] som of þe eiren, for þei beþ so many. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1239 Bedwer[e]..toke the swerde..hym thought synne..to throw away that noble swerde. ?a1500 in G. Henslow (1899) 3 (MED) Take goud englis woldes and take..þe route..and þrow awey þe stalkys. 1530 J. Palsgrave 756/2 I throwe awaye, as we do thynges that we care nat for.., je deguerpis,..je desjecte. 1548 f. cciiijv The Lyncolnshyre men..threw away their coates, the lighter to runne away, and fled. 1650 Bp. J. Taylor i. 25 He that will throw away a good book, because it is not curiously guilded, is more desirous to please his eye, than to inform his understanding. 1690 J. Locke i. i. 2 They will..throw away the Blessings their Hands are fill'd with, because they are not big enough to grasp every thing. 1700 J. Dryden Char. Good Parson in 532 He melts, and throws his cumb'rous Cloak away. 1742 W. Ellis (ed. 4) I. 64 A fresh Cask must be tapped..and the remaining Part of the other throw'd away. 1832 J. F. Cooper II. xv. 207 Men are wont to share the fate of the orange-skin, which is thrown away after being sucked. 1859 1 Jan. 157/2 Using three times as much starch as she needs..—throwing away the surplus, of course. 1941 2 Oct. 5/4 People who out of pure wantonness throw away loaves of bread or even legs of mutton, and are very properly fined for it. 1957 L. Durrell i. 23 A small empty scent-bottle..stayed on the mantelpiece..before it was thrown away by Hamid in the course of a spring-clean. 2014 13 Oct. 90/2 After his death, his sons threw away the pills and other possessions. 3. transitive. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [verb (transitive)] > waste 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin iii. xx. f. 238 They threwe away [L. sparserint] their words to God that heard them not. 1608 J. Dod & R. Cleaver (xiii. 8) 22 If God take away any part of their wealth, they throw away their life after it. 1653 Bp. J. Taylor i. xxii. 294 We are pleased to throw away our time. 1714 No. 624. ⁋1 Advice..would be but thrown away upon them. 1761 T. Gray Let. 9 May in (1971) II. 736 I had rather Major G. throw'd away his money, than somebody else. 1846 S. Ellis II. vi. 11 To think she should be so blind to her own interest as to throw away the one chance of a lifetime. 1861 G. A. Sala Seven Sons Mammon xx, in July 447 The Abbé's prayers will not be thrown away. 1922 L. A. G. Brownlee 17 Do not throw away your chance of conspicuous promotion. 1950 D. Reed 73 Shall we now throw away all these advantages? 2004 Mar. 62/1 Renting meant throwing money away so we decided to buy. society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [verb (reflexive)] > marry with social inferior society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > seeking marriage > [verb (reflexive)] > squander oneself in unsuitable marriage 1633 ii. sig. E3 I have knowne a woman of handsome tempting fortunes, throw her selfe away upon a handsome tempting Sir. 1680 T. Otway i. 3 Where Dilatory Fortune plays the Jilt With the brave noble honest gallant man, To throw her self away on Fools and Knaves. 1743 J. Fothergill Let. in (1971) 75 Nanny Greene has thrown herself away upon a person not of our Society, and is likely to be much disappointed in the only thing she married for. 1816 J. Austen II. iv. 62 He had not thrown himself away—he had gained a woman of 10,000l. or thereabouts. 1891 E. Peacock I. 243 She had thrown herself away on one utterly unworthy of her. 1928 June 582/1 No thirty-dollar clerk for me when I marry... Do you think I'm going to throw myself away? 2007 A. Theroux xxxiv. 563 It depressed Eyestones to see Laura..throwing herself away on any sewer zombie that walked by. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics 1707 Pref. sig. A2v A losing Gamester has to throw away the Cards. 1748 E. Hoyle (ed. 8) xvi. 64 Do not trump it, but throw away a losing Card, which makes room for your Partner's Suit. 1829 E. M. Arnaud 69 If he throw away a court-card he must have great strength in trumps. 1959 T. Reese & A. Dormer 209 He must either unguard spades or throw away the winning diamond. 2003 11 May (Escape section)19/6 East throws his small club away and takes a club and a spade at the end. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (transitive)] > lose wicket carelessly 1860 6 July 8/4 A loss of seven wickets—two of which were thrown away by the batsmen's unnecessary hurry in sending their men to the wickets in the darkness of the twilight. 1898 K. S. Ranjitsinhji (ed. 4) xii. 237 Many wickets were thrown away by the batsmen at critical periods by careless and hasty strokes. 1904 P. F. Warner ix. 185 Braund, Bosanquet, and Rhodes literally threw their wickets away. 1973 27 May 26/7 Sometimes I get in a dreamlike state and know I am on the point of throwing my wicket away through carelessness. 2007 5 Mar. 23/2 Yousuf..would throw his wicket away, playing a rash shot after scoring a bright 30 or 40. society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > acting > act [verb (transitive)] > throw away (lines) 1930 21 June 914/1 Mme Pitoëff..deliberately threw away some of the most famous lines. 1957 11 Oct. 611/4 Mr Fleming can be exuberant; but he prefers, in the stage term, to ‘throw away’, something he does just as neatly and wittily as du Maurier used to do it in the theatre. 1959 14 May 861/1 The acting was deliberately played down for microphone purposes... This no doubt necessary business of ‘throwing it away’ must involve some losses as well as some odd reading of parts. 2013 (Nexis) 29 June (Weekend Review section) r6 A master of understatement... He often seems to throw away a line. 1. transitive. a. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > again or back 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin iv. f. 114 That which they go about to throwe against vs, we thus throwe backe against themselues. 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré vi. xii. 193 Wee throw backe the corne into the mill, which hath scaped grinding. 1681 F. Fullwood xiv. 28 Though I have lost my weapons.., I have some stones to throw back at my Enemy. 1712 37 He was no true Man that would not throw back the Lye given with Force. 1789 J. Williams I. Pref. p. xxvi The earthy matter carried down by the floods..is thrown back upon the shores. 1816 3 Aug. 152/1 He did not extinguish the bomb-shell, but took it up and threw it back to burst amidst the phalanx of the enemy. 1911 H. S. Watson xvii. 208 It will be necessary to employ an additional man to every excavator..to throw back the material from the edge of the trench. 1969 28 Nov. c5/7 Suddenly he threw the ball back and it landed right in my hands. the world > matter > light > reflection > [verb (transitive)] 1698 L. Milbourne lxxii. 150 Before reflecting Streams, Threw back the Sun's first Infant-Beams. 1739 E. Carter tr. F. Algarotti I. iii. 220 A Matter very proper to throw back the Vibrations, reflect and multiply the Sound. 1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous i, in 4th Ser. III. 221 The reflection of the evening sun, sometimes thrown back from pool or stream. 1890 E. Gerard & D. Gerard (1891) III. iii. xvi. 149 Each tall mirror threw back the image in the other. 1916 17 Sept. 3/2 This special glass throws back 47 per cent. of the Heat Rays. 2014 A. McQueen xxii. 237 His eyes fixed on the reflection thrown back at him from the shuttered window. 1592 A. Munday tr. E. de Maisonneufve sig. L3 The knight.., hauing throwne backe his broken shield vpon his shoulder. ?1680 tr. M. Le Faucheur xiii. 194 There are others, that in speaking, thrust out the Belly, and throw back the Head. 1791 J. Purbeck II. vii. 103 He threw back the head of the phaeton, which had been put up to keep him from the rain. 1812 M. Edgeworth Vivian i, in IV. 13 She had..thrown back her head with disdain. 1859 iii. 148 The frock-coat should be ample and loose, and a tall well-built man may throw it back. 1903 G. B. Shaw i. 8 A mane..of hazel colored hair is thrown back from an imposing brow. 2010 P. Murray 329 With a sigh, he throws back the sheets and goes down to the kitchen. the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > hinder or delay 1562 A. Brooke tr. M. Bandello f. 25v Lest enuious foes by force despoyle our new delight, And vs throwe backe from happy state to more vnhappy plight. a1626 W. Rowley (1632) v. 76 Mine Vncle by adoption, Who..hath..throwne me backe to poverty. 1648 T. Calvert in tr. M. Samuel Annot. xii. 178 There is great danger the Lord..should throw the world back againe into its ancient indigested Chaos of confusion. 1740 (Dublin Soc.) 131 The neglect of a few Days may throw him back as many Months. 1789 J. Byng Diary 1 July in (1935) II. 118 I must needs ride up an hill to an encampment... This threw me back; so that I did not overtake P— till we came to Weedon-in-the-Street. 1839 2 45 I..am not thrown back in getting the land sown. 1868 E. A. Freeman II. vii. 114 That..parliamentary life which..the Norman Conquest threw back for many generations. 1933 25 Mar. 278/2 The work is still at its beginning and may be thrown back terribly by the carelessness. 2003 5 Mar. (Metro section) b5/2 This is an estuary in recovery, and when you get an event of this size, it really throws that recovery back. the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > have recourse to [verb (transitive)] > when other things fail 1656 N. Stephens 269 This..may be one mean to throw the world back again upon Visions, Dreams, and Revelations. 1752 No. 7. 42 She was now again thrown back upon the world, still helpless. 1785 T. Jefferson xiii. 232 The government..would have been thrown back upon the bungling machinery of county committees for administration, till a convention could have been called. 1851 J. H. Newman Ded. p. iv The violence of our enemies has thrown us back upon ourselves and upon each other. 1892 4 June 355/2 If there is no comic boy.., we are thrown back upon Checkley. 1941 12 Feb. 4/3 One happy effect of this war is that it is throwing people back on themselves. They are learning to depend on one another. 2015 R. L. Harris i. 2 From my earliest years, circumstance threw me back on my own resources. 4. intransitive. the world > time > relative time > the past > [verb (intransitive)] > go back in time 1855 3 540/2 The young of these birds are almost invariably what we term saddle-back—that is, they are far from white; the old ones ‘throw back.’ 1879 ‘Cavendish’ 63 ‘Throwing back’ more nearly..to the parent games, Poker..is invented. 1893 22 Apr. 4/3 In politics Lord Derby ‘threw back’ to the family creed of an earlier generation. 1911 J. Galsworthy ii. i. 176 He and his ideas throw back to the Middle Ages. 1976 P. White 18 Sept. (1994) xiii. 482 You say you can see her ending up as a callgirl; she must be throwing back to her grandfather. 2006 July 18/1 In 1863,..a Deerhound breeder..noted that some of his stock threw back to the larger type of Irish Wolfhound. the world > time > relative time > the past > [verb (intransitive)] > hark back (to) 1892 28 May 635/1 His Metaphysic..begins with Kant, and only ‘throws back’ to Kant's forerunners. 1892 17 Sept. 39/2 An old hostelry that throws back nobody knows how many centuries..; throwing back three quarters of a century, a hundred men mustered here. the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > freely 1943 15 Yes, of course I drink beer. You should have been at my brother's wedding, we didn't half throw it back. 1970 D. Maitland viii. 194 They hustled the two sisters..into Mellow's top-floor apartment to find Mother and Fifi sitting on the settee throwing back Mellow's best bourbon. 1989 (Nexis) 20 Oct. d3 Cast and crew throw back 1,000 cups of coffee at every performance. 2016 (Nexis) 5 Sept. 51 You can picture him soaking up the rays beside the hotel pool, while throwing back pints of San Miguel in his Union Jack shorts. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > non-use > refrain from using [verb (transitive)] > discard from use 1582 T. Watson xcvi. sig. M4v No longer he his quiuer weares, But breakes his Boe, throwing the shiuers by. 1611 B. Jonson i. sig. B3v It can but shew Like one of Iuno's..disguises..; and will..When things succeed, be throwne by, or let fall. View more context for this quotation 1669 J. Flavell i. ii. 27 My lazy heart throws by the shovel, and cryes, dig I cannot. 1771 39/2 Ali Bey..has at length thrown by the mask, and..has boldly mounted the throne. 1825 J. Neal III. xxxi. 187 I took another name. I threw by, that of my father. 1873 W. H. C. Hosmer 124 Grief throws by her sables, and puts on A golden smile. 1994 E. B. Davis in M. Hunter x. 157 Boyle had dredged up for publication another draft he had thrown by. the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration 1644 P. J. 12 Thus have you the relation of this matter, which was once thrown by. 1648 T. Calvert in tr. M. Samuel Annot. 177 This I say, not to disallow and throw by the Ancients in all things, but onely to stirre up Divines that have eyes, to use their eyes. 1710 S. Palmer li. 141 His best Actions thrown by and lessen'd by false Turns! 1. transitive. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > bring to the ground/lay low the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > bring to the ground/lay low > cast down the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > throw down a1250 in C. Brown (1932) 16 Wela-wey! deth þe sal þrowen dun [c1275 Calig. adun þrowe] þar þu wenest heye ste. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 349 A grym strook of liȝtnynge smoot þe cherche tour..and þrew [c1400 Tiber. þruw doun] þe crucifex.., and þrew doun oure Lady ymage. a1464 J. Capgrave (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 177 (MED) Than schuld Crist Crucified be broute before him..Than schould thei throw down the crosse and trede it undir fote. a1500 (Rawl.) (1896) 19 (MED) The wedis and the grasse that stodyn al euyn vp-ryght, thay lay al y-throw dovne and cast to ground. 1575 G. Gascoigne xlviii. 148 Let him place his copanions [sic] on the toppes of the Rockes, that they may throw downe stones. 1620 J. Brinsley tr. Virgil viii. 78/3 I will be throwne downe headlong into the waues. 1687 A. Behn 111 She threw down a Handkerchief again, which he took up. 1714 No. 558. ⁋4 Another after a great deal of puffing, threw down his Luggage. 1756 Sept. 103/1 When an ant..chances to walk over the edges of his pit, his steps throw down a little of the sand. 1818 S. E. Ferrier I. iii. 28 ‘See,’ continued he, throwing a few shillings down on the table. 1865 Feb. 216 In rising to receive him, she threw down her basket of crewels. 1920 A. E. H. Anson xv. 340 A cocoanut monkey..is trained to ascend a cocoanut tree..to throw down a cocoanut. 1964 5 Nov. a28/2 Scrambling up coconut trees and throwing down the fruit. 2011 A. Roiphe 214 She throws down her cigarette and stamps on it. b. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > non-use > refrain from using [verb (transitive)] > discard from use 1548 f. iiv The kyng demaunded of them if thei would agre betwene themselfes, whiche thei both denied and threw doune their gages. 1574 B. Rich sig. D.vv Tigranes king of Armenia being taken by Pompei throwing downe his Crowne & kneling at his feete, was taken vp by that noble Captaine. ?1650 T. Jordan sig. D7 Throw down the Glass, He's an Ass That extracts all his worth from Canary. 1690 N. Tate 13 Heathen Princes, tir'd, threw down the Rod. 1711 R. Steele No. 49. ⁋2 Mr. Beaver has thrown down his Pipe. 1832 B. Disraeli I. i. i. 6 I throw down the volume in disgust. 1924 Mar. 60/2 Throw down your tools, boys,..we're on strike. 2008 C. Seymour-Jones i. iv. 29 He had thrown down his pen, and was suffering ‘the torments of unrequited love’. society > armed hostility > defeat > be defeated [verb (intransitive)] > surrender 1593 M. Sutcliffe xxi. 323 Appius Claudius did behead those soldiers, that throwing downe their armes fledde from the enemie. 1642 5 They humbly desired his Maiestie to throw down his Armes. 1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer 58 Most of them threw down their Arms. 1836 6 Aug. 313/1 The savages have thrown down their weapons, desisted from the hopeless struggle, and abandoned all hope. 1849 25 Aug. 126/1 We do not throw down our arms. We will fight the armies of the allied tyrants of Europe. 1961 29 Sept. 414/1 Without the smallest attempt at making a fight of it he threw down his arms.., pretending that the amendment meant something that it clearly did not mean. 1961 20 Oct. 6/6 Attempts to persuade the men to throw down their guns had failed. 2009 7 May a6/4 The insurgents are throwing down their arms and..were joining Iraqi security forces. society > law > legal profession > practice law [verb (intransitive)] > practise at the bar > decline to go on with a case 1782 16–18 Apr. Had matters appeared to him with that complexion they now seemed to wear in their Lordships opinion, he would have thrown down his brief. 1855 T. B. Macaulay IV. xx. 523 Williams threw down his brief. 1934 7 Jan. e3/5 He was censured and fined..for throwing down a brief and withdrawing because of a disagreement with the court. 2001 J. Bondeson vii. 87 The day before the trial,..this gentleman threw down his brief and left, for undisclosed reasons. the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break down, demolish, or ruin the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > capsize or upset > overthrow in ruins or to destruction 1340 (1866) 23 Þe grete wynd þet þrauþ doun þe greate tours. 1431 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1431 §16. m. 8 Þe saide prison, because þat hit was feble, overlitel, and so contagious of eyre..was throwen doune. 1528 in I. S. Leadam (1911) II. 19 That the sayd J.M. shuld throwe downe and avoyde the sayde enclosures from the sayd comon grownde. 1530 J. Palsgrave 756/2 I throwe downe to the grounde, or distroye a thynge. a1660 J. Evelyn anno 1645 (1955) II. 342 The ruines of a very stately Temple or Theater..throwne downe by an Earth-quake. 1713 J. Addison ii. 28 Must one rash word..Throw down the merit of my better years? 1766 J. Fordyce II. vii. 40 The admiration raised..is often..thrown down. 1836 C. Thirlwall III. xix. 101 The Athenians..ordered the Potidæans to throw down the walls of their town on the side of the Peninsula of Pallene. 1931 1 Apr. 6/2 Dynamite was used to throw down buildings in the hope of checking the fire. 1995 23 Apr. (Review section) 2/1 Bombay..threw down its fort walls and erected others to fashion the civic buildings and precincts. the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)] the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > humiliate [verb (transitive)] a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1963) 2 Kings xxii. 48 God..ȝifest vengeancis to me: & þrewe doun [L. deiicis] puplis vndir me. a1475 tr. Thomas à Kempis (Cambr. Gg.1.16) (1997) iii. xxi. 90 I am sone þrowen downe with lytel aduersite. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 144 (MED) Purpose as wel as þou canst in þin herte þat, if þei [sc. tribulations] touche þe..þei þrowe þe not doun, ner longe encombre þe. 1567 R. Sempill in J. Cranstoun (1891) I. 53 God wil haue the pride of man doune thrawin. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden i. 725 Lifting up and throwing downe Princes at her pleasure. 1729 G. Adams tr. Sophocles Antigone v. i, in tr. Sophocles II. 65 Fortune raises up, and throws down, makes one fortunate, and another miserable. 1852 31 Dec. 209/3 The King of kings, who..will throw down the proudest monarchs, overturn the mightiest governments. 1996 M. J. Swanton tr. (1998) 68 They had thrown down [OE aworpenne] their king Osberht and accepted Ælla. a1586 Sir P. Sidney (1593) iii. sig. Hh6 After her songe with an affected modestie, shee threwe downe her eye. 1660 G. Mackenzie iv. 390 No sooner raised she her eyes, nor threw he down his. 1769 II. 81 Blushing, throwing her eyes down, and striving to disengage herself from him. 1839 27 July You throw your gaze down nearer, and there at the left, is most of the city. 1904 1 237/1 ‘Sir,’ he began, coughing and throwing his eyes down nervously. 5. transitive. Agriculture. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > plough (land) [verb (transitive)] > other systems of ploughing 1620 G. Markham ii. 10 If the ground lye free from water..you shall then throw down your furrowes flat. 1651 R. Child Large Let. in S. Hartlib 49 We have good Husbands, who..throw downe all Mole and Ant-hills. 1771 A. Young II. xviii. 331 The bean stubble..was ploughed directly after harvest, throwing down the lands. 1835 Dec. 478/2 At weeding, the beds were thrown down by a dagon plough. 1844 H. Stephens I. xxvi. 478 The mode of ploughing exactly opposite to twice-gathering-up is that of cleaving or throwing down land. 1868 Oct. 616 If possible, use the plough in cultivating. First throw down the beds, and weed with a hoe. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of specific crops > [verb (transitive)] > crop with grass or hay 1778 i. 31 Many bare parts of commons..having been entirely exhausted when under tillage, and in that condition thrown down to grass. 1835 Apr. 343 Every acre..thrown down into pasture..takes away from the wealth of the state and the employment of the poor. 1891 ‘S. C. Scrivener’ xv. 143 This rotation..is capable of being applied..to almost any land, including that ‘thrown down’ to grass. 1932 30 Jan. 146/1 Mechanical cultivation..enabling second and third class land to be kept in arable at times when it would otherwise be thrown down to grass. the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > undergo chemical reactions or processes [verb] > undergo chemical reactions or processes (named) > undergo or subject to precipitation 1677 R. Plot ii. 32 Salts..meeting perchance with an ambient Air, much colder and chilling than any under ground, in all likelyhood are precipitated, and thrown down on such subjects, as they casually find at the place of their exit. 1746 W. Lewis i. iii. 34 This preparation dropt into a solution of gold diluted with a large quantity of pure water, throws down a precipitate of a purple colour. 1812 H. Davy 120 Earths, and oxides, are usually thrown down from their solutions in union with water. 1838 T. Thomson 188 Alcohol throws it down from its aqueous solution. 1864 25 ii. 566 Water that contains much lime on boiling throws down a white deposit. 1928 43 553 A white precipitate is thrown down containing practically all the protective substance present in the original serum. 2009 28 4234/2 Thus, complexes 1-12 to 1-15 were found to throw down a colourless deposit on standing in water, which we attribute to the dissociation of the free ligand. society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride (a horse or other animal) [verb (transitive)] > cause or allow to fall 1787 ‘G. Gambado’ 31 Take care never to throw your horse down, it is an unlucky trick. 1829 Sept. 297/2 Running against my mare, and so nearly throwing her down at Dobberan, was a wilful act of foul riding. 1873 R. Broughton II. iii. 24 I suppose he was not a very good whip, and so he threw down one of my best horses, and broke his knees! 1923 13 July 5/6 The jockey pressed against another horse while rounding a corner at Kempton, threw the horse down, and broke its leg. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > dismissal of batsman > put out [verb (transitive)] > knock down wicket 1833 8 Sept. Throwing down a wicket after fielding a ball hit to the leg. 1860 Sept. 429 John Lillywhite..from long leg wondrously threw down the wicket, and Mr. Davidson was thus run out. 1912 P. F. Warner v. 44 Hobbs throwing down Kortlang's wicket from cover-point. 1962 E. W. Swanton in H. S. Altham & E. W. Swanton (new ed.) II. xii. 244 All seemed over when Solomon from 25 yards range and square with the wicket on the leg-side threw down the stumps to run out Davidson. 2002 17 Aug. (Sport section) 16/6 James Anderson threw down the stumps with a brilliant direct hit. 9. 1872 (Rep. Comm. House of Representatives 2nd Sess., 42nd Congr.) 28 Turning a little to one side to avoid me, he threw his pistol down upon Hays and Mr. Brown..and tried to shoot them. 1893 22 839/1 We were standing still when he drew his pistol and threw it down on me. 1902 66 347/2 What did you think, as to whether your life was in danger, at the time you..saw the Winchester thrown down on you? 1922 F. R. Bechdolt 116 Always packed a double-barrel shotgun and he'd usually managed to throw it down on a fellow while he tried the case and named the fine. 1967 O. L. Sims 57 Whereupon a big gun was thrown down on my man, who promptly dodged to one side, leaving me looking straight down the barrel. 1885 C. A. Siringo v. 55 Mr. one-leg threw down on me with my own ‘shooter’ and ordered me to throw up my hands. 1897 C. F. Lummis 241 He carried it [sc. a shotgun] on his shoulder, grasping it at the guard and ‘throwing down’, just as one would a six-shooter. 1921 July 159/2 Didn't she throw down on us with a rifle without any excuse a-tall. 1955 4 Aug. 4/3 Wyatt threw down on him but in the same instant Ike Clanton ran crazily up and grabbed his gun hand. 1977 M. Torres in R. P. Rettig et al. ii. 58/1 When I threw down on people with my double-barreled 12 they would almost always get very scared and very quiet. 2015 P. Bacigalupi xviii. 183 Mike lunged for the man with the gun. The pistol coughed again... ‘You didn't have to shoot his ass.’ ‘Motherfucker threw down on me.’ the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or overwhelm > completely or overthrow 1890 R. C. Lehmann 98 I think I shall floor mine [‘exam.’], and Dick's sure to throw his examiners down. 1905 11 Mar. 8/5 Navy Yard is an erratic team, but at any time they are likely to throw some rival down. 1943 13 Feb. 21/8 Alabama State's Hornets..rose up and threw down their hated rivals 43 to 23. 2010 5 Dec. 3 b/2 Many of their rhymes' conclusions are simply what was heard in the past on street corners..in an attempt to best or ‘throw down’ one's opponent. the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > abandon, renounce, or refuse to acknowledge 1895 J. S. Wood 253 That Gower girl,—she's thrown him down; it would be a kindness to him to flirt a little with him. 1912 W. M. Raine ii. ii. 214 You don't figure he's aiming to throw us down—do you, Buck? 1915 H. L. Wilson xiii. 230 That Jackson lad has offered me about ten thousand of them vegetable cigarettes, but I'll have to throw him down. 1929 21 Nov. 10/2 Patton said he had gone with Mrs. Eden for six years, but she ‘threw him down’. 1943 3 Dec. 26/2 He is not one to throw down a friend. 1930 J. Lait v. 42 The servant sing-songed in with the Scotch. Annie threw it down. It burned. It burned good. 1962 K. Amis 21 Nov. (2000) 609 We'll be throwing down shish-kebab in Shepherd's Bush and whitebait in Whitechapel. 1989 O. Hijuelos 30 Everyone was huddling by the bar and throwing down drinks. 2016 (Nexis) 27 Mar. t1 It is not as if Starbucks is creating an atmosphere where patrons will be throwing down shots of Jägermeister. 13. slang (originally U.S.). Cf. throwdown n. 3. society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > fight [verb (intransitive)] > start or join a fight 1979 Dec. 43/1 A couple of years ago a young boxer's robe was emblazoned with the inscription ‘We Came To Throw Down’. 1989 B. M. Cooper in S. Lee Foreword 16 Spike Lee is a typical Brooklyn knucklehead who likes to throw down because he's good at it. 2005 10 Jan. 20 So as we approach three years without a Chevrolet Camaro to throw down with the Mustang GT, we thought it would be fun to pit the Pontiac against the de facto reigning pony car champ. 2013 R. Rowell (2014) xvi. 190 Levi likes you, you like him—I'm over it... If he were still my boyfriend, we'd have to throw down. But he's not. So let's go have lunch, okay? 1980 31 Aug. g2/5 ‘We threw down most violently on it,’ Jackson says, meaning that they rapped over the music. 2000 ‘Da Brat’ What'chu Like (transcribed from song) in No woman can slow dance or throw down like I can. 2015 (Nexis) 18 Dec. Resident DJs..will be throwing down high-octane beats to get the crowd dancing hard. 1984 27 July (Weekend section) 3/2 The Footloose Cloggers will be throwing down some Southern Appalachian clogging with the Hambone Sweets string band. 1996 Dec. 48 Elan rides at Steven's Pass... It's just a trademark of a seasoned Gold Bar local to slip through the cracks while throwing down lines that sometimes just shouldn't be done. 2000 D. Werner 18 They throw down their best moves and we do a battle of skateboarding talent. 2014 (Nexis) 19 Jan. He..danced on table tops and threw down some shapes in the venue. the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. vi. 25 Þrow in [L. inice] þi feet in to þe gyues of it. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Paris) (1971) 413 (MED) Þrowe quyk siluer in þe nose þirles and in the eeres and in þe mouthe. ?a1450 tr. Macer (Stockh.) (1949) 114 (MED) Þe iuus of oynones only..þrowe in at þe nose-þrill doþ a-wey þe noyous humours of þe heed. ?1492 tr. Raymond of Capua (de Worde) iii. v*. sig. oiii/2 She threwe in a keuerchef and prayed the susters of saint Domynyk that they wolde touche ye swete holy body of that holy mayde and vyrgin wyth that keuerchefe. 1543 J. Bale f. 41 The Romanes... Whose custome was, whan so euer the flood of Tiber raged, to throwe in a manne or a woman, therwith to pacyfye hys furye. 1679 M. Rusden ix. 91 Throwing in a few handsfull of peas. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei ii. ix. 303 The Window above that Stair throws the Light in. 1814 6 Aug. 387/1 They..stripped Mrs. Johnson and children, carried them off to the river; and there killed and threw them in. 1863 Mar. 79/1 In filling the vessel with bones,..wool, hoofs, horns, or any other similar matter may be thrown in with them. 1906 July 155/2 Throw in three tablespoonfuls of bacon dice. 1961 9 Sept. 11/7 He would simply take a sack..walk to the closet, open the door and throw it in on top of other bags. 2002 1 Dec. (Mag.) 72/3 Heat the lard in a roomy pan and throw in the meat. the mind > language > speech > interruption > interrupt (speech) [verb (transitive)] > interpose 1630 H. Sydenham 2 In the front of this verse He quarrels with the Robber..: and at the foote thereof..Hee throwes in a cauill concerning Riches. 1675 V. Alsop 561 He has thrown in a very suspicious word. 1704 J. Norris II. xii. 509 A further Reflection which it may be convenient to throw in to this explanatory Account to make it more full and entire. 1742 tr. F. Algarotti I. 7 I threw in, from Time to Time, little Digressions to vary the Conversation. 1821 J. Clare II. 85 The old dames..Throw in their hints of man's deluding ways. 1890 S. Baring-Gould II. xxi. 165 ‘Not a grain,’ threw in Julian, hotly. 1948 10 July 6/4 John..does little more than throw in a comment now and then, when his own country is in question. 1959 45 130 Here he throws in little arias, there dance pieces, and one never can tell what unorthodoxy will come next. 2005 P. Donahue 336 ‘And I'll buy the first round,’ he threw in for Ray's benefit. 1678 Lady Chaworth Let. 3 Jan. in Hist. MSS Comm.: 12th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Duke of Rutland (1889) II. 45 in (C. 5889-II) XLIV. 393 Lord Shrewsbery is like to marry Mr. Chiffens his daughter, who will be first and last made worth 40,000l. to him, and they talke as if the King should throw in a Dukedome. 1679 A. Behn iii. i. 28 Cou'd you not..throw in a little Love and constancy; to inch out that want of honesty of yours. 1720 No. 207. 2/2 Let the frequent Use of Abbreviations be a Reproach to all Persons who handle a Pen, excepting to Attorneys, who cannot afford to throw in a Vowel, to a Customer, gratis. 1779 H. Cowley ii. 26 You're a cute Girl, and mayhap be able to make something of him—and I don't care if I throw in a few Hundreds, that you mayn't repent your Bargain. 1831 7 App. p. cxi/2 If witness should buy the iron to make a gross of such screws, and were to throw in his labor and fuel for nothing. 1892 22 Oct. 476/1 [The] story turns..on murder and revenge, with a little love thrown in. 1918 Nov. 106/2 A fellow who bought..a pair of overalls expected the merchant to throw in a good pair of suspenders for nothing. 1947 16 Nov. iv. 10/4 The icebox is worth a cider barrel, but only if some small object is thrown in to boot. 2010 18 Dec. (Travel Suppl.) 3/1 There's fierce competition between hotels..and some are throwing in free treatments and goodies to attract business. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > hunt with hounds [verb (transitive)] > put on scent 1686 R. Blome xiii. 97/1 If you Course from Wood to Wood, first throw in some young Hounds into the Wood to bring out the Deer. 1781 P. Beckford xx. 273 The huntsman..threw his hounds in at random. 1844 J. T. J. Hewlett III. liv. 295 The hounds were thrown in. 1938 4 Dec. (Mag. section) 12/1 The huntsman throws in his hounds and makes encouraging noises. a1986 J. Earlin in M. Hufford (1992) App. II. 200 I was runnin' the fox a long time at North Branch and along come Benny, and of course he threw in with us, and they were runnin' this fox to catch. 6. a. society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] > admit or enter into association 1690 C. Codrington Let. 18 Feb. in (1901) 235 The French, with whom the Irish nation have now thrown in their lot. 1750 M. Towgood 42 If you will not throw in your Lot, and share with them in those Honours; you must e'en take your own Way. 1792 36 The United Irishmen invite their countrymen..to throw in their lot, and to share with them in the honors of christian benevolence. 1833 July 302 Lafayette..flew to Paris, and instantly threw in his lot with the insurgent patriots. 1889 A. V. Carr III. xxx. 27 On which side do you suppose he would throw in his interest? 1956 17 Mar. 6/2 The Arab intelligentsia, out of resentment at the West, will throw in its fortune with Russia. 2000 N. Henderson (2001) xv. 160 He had been wrong to throw in his lot so entirely with the Jews and to treat the Arabs with contempt. society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)] 1906 Dec. 976/2 Next time I throw in with a artist [sic],..I am goin' to pick one that works in waterproof materials. 1954 W. Faulkner 359 When we threw in together that day..he didn't know how long he had been on the road. 1978 J. Carroll i. ii. 15 The important thing was that Jim Brady's best boy—a strong and not unwise lad—had thrown in for good with his own people. 2002 E. Drew 165 The President threw in with the House Republican leaders..and prevailed in the House. 1857 20 May 952/1 You will sometimes be thrown in with men who you will think is [sic] your friends, but who will prove to be your enemy. 1892 21 May 634/3 He was thrown in with men who..had been intimately acquainted with the Zulu people. 1918 13 140/2 She is quite happy in her work till chance throws her in with her old associates. 2007 L. Begley 40 Joining the rugby club..threw him in with English and Canadian undergraduates. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (intransitive)] > cast 1711 C. Echard tr. Lucian Fisherman in tr. III. 374 Toss him off the Rock, and throw in for another. 1800 S. Taylor ii. 143 As soon as they are disentangled, throw in again, and so continue putting in and taking up, and you will frequently get great quantities, especially of Grigs. 1823 No. 14. I. 213/2 When you launch a good thing, which is only heard by the person next you, wait patiently for a pause, and throw in again. 1873 Sept. 264/2 Whample..sets to work with his pole and line. He throws in adroitly enough. 1917 G. Showerman xxiii. 299 Tip gets his [hook] baited first, and throws in away under the willow. 8. intransitive. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > play at dice [verb (intransitive)] > specific throw at hazard 1772 G. A. Stevens 62 Life's like Hazard-playing, we all wish to win, and he must have luck, to be sure, who throws in. 1781 M. P. Andrews ii. i. 13 Why you have thrown in five hands running, master coachman. 1828 I. vii. 252 I hope you'll throw in ten mains for Chesterton. 1880 XI. 547/1 The player or ‘caster’ calls a ‘main’ (that is, any number from five to nine inclusive). He then throws with two dice. If he ‘throws in’, or ‘nicks’, he wins the sum played for from the banker or ‘setter’... If the caster ‘throws out’ by throwing aces, or deuce ace (called crabs), he loses. 2011 G. R. Williamson 47 If he rolls the main, he wins (throws in or nicks). 1842 Dec. 355 His gallant owner and party ‘threw in’ for something like 10,000 sovs. in bets! 1850 May 322 Cowslip and The Witch throwing in for the other two across-country races of the day. 1884 4 Mar. 4/5 Mr Yates also threw in for the Selling Steeple-chase with his School Girl. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fight [verb (intransitive)] > challenge 1879 24 May 640/2 With Sir Bartle Frere annexing all the continent from the Cape to Zambesi, and with M. Hugo urging Italy to throw in for a share. 1923 13 Sept. 14/1 The superstitious among them pointed out that it would be a ‘hoodoo’ race for Papyrus..and they threw in for a big win by Parth. 1949 163 Whether some collusion will take place when one fellow throws in for a job and he has a friend and there are two jobs on a ship. a1995 R. Cayton in A. Bérubé (2011) 309 The white guys—you know, you're throwing in for a job and they give it to a black guy. 9. intransitive and transitive. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > fielding > field [verb (transitive)] > return ball 1816 W. Lambert 42 Long Stop. This man..should be one who is not afraid of the Ball, when bowled swift, and who can throw in well. 1888 R. H. Lyttelton in A. G. Steel & R. H. Lyttelton (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) vi. 261 He has to back up behind mid-off when mid-on or the deep-on fields are throwing in. 1938 16 Apr. 8/1 Those ‘girls’ at the Oval..threw in from the boundary with an accuracy which would have done credit to a University side. 1976 J. Snow 118 My back troubled me from the strain of bowling on the harder Australian wickets for four months and my right shoulder had ‘gone’ when it came to throwing the ball in. 1998 28 Dec. 19/2 Jadeja..gave chase to the ball and threw in accurately to wicket-keeper Mongia. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > characteristics of team ball games > play team ball games [verb (transitive)] > actions or manoeuvres 1867 Apr. 244 When a ball goes out of bounds, it shall be brought back to the point where it crossed the boundary line, and thrown in at right angles with that line. 1881 Apr. 50/1 A fine half-back... Throws in wonderfully. 1975 25 Jan. 3/7 The referee should..restart the game by throwing in the ball between the players—over their heads in football and along the ground in hurling. 2002 6 Jan. (Sport section) 10/7 Swansea's third-choice hooker..was having a wretched time throwing in. 10. transitive. a. to throw in one's hand. the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > be irresolute or vacillate [verb (intransitive)] > give way or give in society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play at cards [verb (intransitive)] > actions or tactics 1893 23 Dec. 11/3 He must either bet or throw in his hand. 1926 July 119/1 People get so tired of throwing in hand after hand that they come in, regardless of their position... It needs great self-control to throw in hand after hand. 1973 ‘J. Ashford’ ii. 9 Nina Ryan had thrown in her hand without bothering to buy cards. She wasn't really fond of poker. 2015 (Nexis) 11 June 50 He came to the conclusion that the answer was a flush higher than his ten-high one. So he threw in his hand. 1916 3 Nov. 10/3 Turkey has thrown in her hand; and Norway and Sweden have declared war on the Germans. 1927 17 May 8/2 A large percentage..have to throw in their hands after a few years of hopeless struggle. 1957 5 Oct. 59/2 An international understanding outside Egypt is needed before the board can throw in its hand. 1978 ‘S. Woods’ 145 Sykes looked at him for a long moment..and then suddenly threw in his hand. ‘She knew,’ he said positively. 2003 5 June (Metro section) b1/1 One day he..will throw in his hand, sell out to a developer, and leave the daily toil of the yard behind. the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > abandon or relinquish (an activity or occupation) 1951 Jan. 374/1 He throws in his job and starts a drive to found a National Park. 1975 B. Donoughue Diary 14 May in (2005) xv. 380 Albert told Joe that yesterday HW said he was ‘completely fed up’ and was thinking of ‘throwing it all in.’ 1988 D. Hogan 7 Then abruptly she threw in Trinity and left Dublin..to go to an acting school. 2014 (Nexis) 23 May 1 I've decided to throw it in and try to get a job somewhere else. 1. transitive. the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > utterly or energetically a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 2731 He threuh off his haberioun. 1485 W. Caxton tr. sig. i.j/2 Therwyth he threwe of his cloke and smote vpon the paynym. 1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara 60 So straunge a heate, that it constrained al men to giue aire vnto their breastes.., to throwe off their cloathes. 1593 T. Danett tr. L. Guicciardini f. 59 The dauncers throwe off there disguised apparell and discouer themselues. 1651 G. H. 5 With undauntedness of spirit, he unbrac'd himself, and threw off his Doublet. 1693 T. Smith in J. Ray II. 72 They throw off their upper Vest and Turbants. 1707 E. Ward 41 He throws off his Gown and Hypocrisy together. 1777 W. Nimmo 210 Before the battle, they had thrown off their upper garments. 1832 B. Disraeli Let. 2 Apr. in (1982) I. 257 She had thrown off her Greco Bromptonian costume..and really looked pretty. 1885 28 Sept. 5/3 If he should suddenly throw off his coat in a cold room. 1928 July 85/1 She threw off the silken charchaf that hid her beauty. 1972 ‘E. Lathen’ (1973) xxii. 189 Rising from a collision, he had thrown off his glove and landed a haymaker. 2010 C. Reich xii. 341 Pouring himself a glass of bourbon, he threw off his jacket and loosened his tie. 1592 M. Sutcliffe i. 11 To throwe off the robes of the ministerie, and to runne in their lether Ierkins after worldly gaine and pleasure. 1598 W. Shakespeare i. ii. 205 This loose behauiour I throw off. 1681 J. Dryden iv. ii. 53 Vertue must be thrown off, 'tis a coarse garment. ?1697 J. Lewis (1789) 8 To throw off childish toys, saying he was then a man. 1711 R. Steele No. 43. ⁋4 A Bottle or two of good solid Edifying Port, at honest George's, made a Night chearful, and threw off Reserve. 1819 W. Irving ii. 126 He..throws off his habits of shy reserve, and becomes joyous and free-hearted. 1872 C. E. Maurice i. 52 He throws off his chancellorship at once. 1940 26 Apr. 6/1 Germany has thrown off the mask completely and disclosed her character in all its naked ugliness. 1958 R. K. Narayan ix. 164 She would throw off the restraint and formality of hours and give me a passionate hug. 2010 Oct. 126/3 Blair throws off his jokiness and folksiness and makes the stand-or-fall case for this legacy. 1448 in S. A. Moore (1871) i. 36 How hit was procured and shortly throwen of. 3. transitive. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > violently 1551 J. Bale f. cvijv Than threwe they of all that was vpon hys heade, and made hys prestes crowne all bare. 1570 A. Marten tr. J. Bernard f. 87 Howe vnwillingly he abideth his Ryder, yea, he throwes him off, if he can. 1657 N. Culpeper & W. Rand tr. J. Riolan vi. i. 261 When we pul down an house, first we throw off the Ceeling, then we demolish the walles. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti I. 15/1 The Covering..shou'd..incline of one side to throw off the Rain. 1747 B. Franklin Let. 1 Sept. in (1751) 12 To show that points will throw off as well as draw off the electrical fire. 1790 A. Wheeler ii. 65 Bil Watson..flayd Galoway, et it set off a Gallop an thraad him off. 1823 J. Badcock 52 A concave glass..will throw the objects off and reduce their size. 1892 7 May 542/1 The pumps..were throwing off 7,000 gallons per minute. 1955 20 Aug. 5/2 He told her to go up on the roof where he threatened to throw her off. 2015 A. Kane xiv. 134 Casey threw off the covers and got up. society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > practise textual criticism [verb (transitive)] > emend > exclude as spurious 1647 H. Hammond iii. 30 He had thus confidently thrown off these Epistles from being written by Ignatius. 1720 D. Waterland 115 I was once inclinable to defer the Treating of it some time longer; thinking it most suitable..to throw it off to the last part of what I intend upon this Subject. the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > do without or get rid of the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject as unauthorized society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (intransitive)] > escape from restraint > throw off restraint 1551 J. Bale f. cxviijv Our noble kyng Edward, and hys valeaunt father kinge Henry afor hym, threwe of from theyr shulders, the execrable yoke of those obstinate infidels. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 308/2 in I The Scottish nobilitie encreasing in politik prudence by their instructions, should seeke to throw off the yoke of bondage. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus 197 The first who threw the yoake off, were the Macedonians. 1681 J. Dryden iii. iii. 37 'Twould be better yet, Cou'd you provoke him to give you th' occasion, And then to throw him off. 1793 J. Bowles (ed. 2) 75 Throwing off every restraint of honour and principle. 1822 14 Apr. 229/2 The Spanish Colonies..have thrown off the yoke of the mother country. 1848 A. Trollope I. xii. 287 What must he think of me, to throw him off so cruelly, so harshly, after all that's past? 1879 E. Dowden iii. 64 Unless the disease were thrown off by regular exercise. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. VIII. 156 An extraordinary power of throwing off fatigue. 1936 16 Aug. 12/3 The thirteen colonies..had just succeeded in throwing off the authority of King George III. 1971 H. Macmillan xviii. 607 I was tired and had not yet altogether thrown off the cold which I had when I left England. 2014 J. A. Goldstone xi. 70 By the end of World War I, every state in Europe had thrown off their absolute monarchies. 5. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > hunt with hounds [verb (transitive)] > release hounds 1575 U. Fulwell f. 31 A Bishop of Fraunce threwe off a cast of great Hawkes. 1614 S. Latham i. v. 20 When you haue a couple of fowle, that lie fit for your purpose, throw off your make-hawk. 1686 R. Blome iii. x. 88/2 Being come to the Wood that you first design to try, first throw off your sure Finders, or Staunch Hounds. 1735 W. Somervile ii. 30 Where..the rank Mead Affords the wand'ring Hares a rich Repast; Throw off thy ready Pack. 1784 W. Cowper Let. 10 May in (1837) XV. 150 On Friday,..we attended an attempt to throw off a balloon at Mr. Throckmorton's. 1825 W. Scott Betrothed vii, in II. 144 Each holding a hawk on his wrist, and anxiously adjusting the mode in which they should throw them off. 1830 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. 3 Jan. in (1940) 4 Feb. iv. 3/6 The pack was thrown off south of the Winchester turnpike; unkenneled a red fox in ten minutes. 1892 7 May 664/2 They threw off the hounds, found an otter, and, after two hours, killed. 1939 27 Mar. 5/1 Hounds were thrown off in front of the house on a morning of bright sunshine. 1957 24 Jan. 144/3 Sometimes he [sc. an eagle]..would be taken back to be thrown off again at the lure. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > begin hunting the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (intransitive)] 1769 21 Jan. Lord Percivall's Hounds threw off at Knapwell Grove..when a Brace of Foxes broke cover. 1789 11 Apr. 5 I have been assured by very experienced Hunters of Tufts, that they never threw off earlier than twelve. 1811 37 88 They [sc. hounds] throw off generally three times a week. 1866 W. E. Gladstone Diary 1 Feb. in J. Morley (1903) II. v. ix. §5. 156 I had to throw off in my new capacity. 1892 26 Nov. 808/1 Many packs would not have thrown off at all on such a morning. 1956 27 Sept. 654/1 Visibility..was barely the two fields which the wise master of hounds demands before throwing off on a foggy morning. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > eject the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit 1660 R. Boyle 288 Copper heated red hot is wont in the cooling to throw off little thin scales. 1737 H. Bracken xxvii. 401 These Creatures throw off a vast deal from their Lungs in Respiration. 1747 tr. J. Astruc 105 A crisis, or critical depuration of the humours, whereby the peccant matter is thrown off:..just as we see in the small-pox, measles, &c. 1829 25 349 When he found any thing disagreeing with his stomach, he retired and threw it off. 1862 6 474 Dense volumes of smoke are thrown off. 1891 Aug. 357/1 From all parts of the living body living gemmules are being thrown off. 1921 M. V. O'Shea xiv. 283 Living things throw off toxic materials which must be removed or they will act as poisons. 2004 5 June 13/5 Powerful microchips are throwing off so much heat that the inside of a personal computer is hotter than Death Valley. 7. transitive. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind by superior speed the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip > specifically a pursuer or competitor 1695 R. Blackmore i. 12 Reason..stops her pace, Is soon thrown off, and quits th' unequal Chase. 1708 30 Apr.–5 May The Fox.., when hunted, makes most doubles, to throw off the following Hounds. 1846 Jan. 31/1 They had followed it [sc. a missing horse]..through a great many windings, evidently intended to throw off pursuit. 1891 Apr. 468/1 He wasn't to be thrown off by a false scent. 1901 15 May 942/2 Rose of the Roses passed and threw off Snowden, who was left fourth by Hannibal. 1986 7 Apr. 5/1 Kelly, Van Der Poel,..and Eddy Planckaert had thrown off the chasing pack in the last few kilometres. 2007 7 Nov. 4/1 His 19-year-old daughter..fled to Delhi by changing cars en route to throw off the pursuers. the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > confuse, bewilder [verb (transitive)] > disconcert 1978 5 June d4/4 When he came out at guard, I said to him, ‘What are you doing here?’ He didn't throw me off... He made me laugh. 1991 5 Feb. b12/3 There were some racial comments made toward me. I was a little thrown off by it. 2008 L. Divine v. 59 When Jeremy told me he loved me, it really threw me off. society > communication > printing > [verb (transitive)] 1720 J. Anderson 6 I..never found any Difficulty in getting a Thousand Copies of a Sheet of Paper thrown off in Twenty four Hours. 1793 W. Playfair 95 Ridiculous assignats, thrown off by a printing-press in millions. 1803 W. Scott 21 Apr. (1932) I. 182 I have to thank you for the accuracy with which the Minstrelsy is thrown off. Longman and Rees are delighted with the printing. 1873 H. Spencer vi. 126 Its own immense edition is thrown off in a few hours every morning. 1924 8 Aug. 6/3 After the initial cost of printing, the extra expense of throwing off additional copies was very small. 1945 14 Oct. 4/6 Thousands of copies are thrown off by the press in a matter of hours. the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth > with ease, speed, or success, or in large quantities society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [verb (transitive)] > produce quickly or easily 1724 A. Ramsay I. 5 (note) That this Way of throwing off a Verse easily was first introduced by him. 1823 J. Badcock p. iv The new articles..having been ‘thrown off at a heat’, stood particularly in want of re-revision. 1850 Feb. 115/2 Those exquisite works which..Chantrey so frequently threw off in marble. 1930 Apr. 231 The hero threw off his new symphonic poem in a few days. 2004 (Nexis) 12 Apr. People think I just threw this off in an afternoon. I work very hard on my books. 10. transitive. the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] > give birth 1742 (Philos. Soc. Edinb.) V. i. 235 Both Veins and Arteries..every where throwing off very considerable Branches into the Substance of the Testicle. 1842 J. Aiton iv. 230 The gray rabbit..generally throws off three, four, five, or six litters..by the first of June. 1862 4 548 A massive pillar..threw off rough branches of stone. 1921 V. B. Shore vi. 185 I just can't get along any more on forty dollars. I'm sure your business throws off much more than that. 2011 5 May d7/1 An astounding grape plant..covered 12,000 square feet and threw off 10,000 pounds of fruit at harvest time. 1792 (Royal Soc.) 82 141 The old stock..threw off this colony. 1828 17 Aug. 541/2 A swarm of bees thrown off from one of his scapes. 1892 Dec. 816/1 Its [sc. Corinth's] territory was small and it threw off many colonies. 1908 W. Francis iv. 201 Though the bees were frequently fed no swarms were thrown off in 1905. 1945 12 July 191/1 It would appear that only one virgin is allowed at large in a colony immediately after a swarm has gone off until the moment when a cast is thrown off. 1994 K. Kelly ii. 6 I've seen more than a few hives throwing off a swarm, and never has one failed to transfix me utterly. 11. ?1790 II. ciii. 122 We threw off our slang at high and low, And we were resolv'd to breed a row. 1796 T. Morton i. i. 4 Curse the quiz! I'll throw off a little. 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in II. 218 Throw off, to talk in a sarcastical strain, so as to convey offensive allusions under the mask of pleasantry, or innocent freedom; but, perhaps, secretly venting that abuse which you would not dare to give in direct terms. 1865 16 Dec. 2/4 Complainant said..defendant was there and kept throwing off at her, saying she ought to get a new set of teeth. 1900 Aug. 354/2 Volks be throwen off 'bout it. Vather made vun 'bout it at tea-time. 1911 E. S. Sorenson 247 Some hard case is bound to ‘throw-off’ at him at such times. 1984 O. A. Burns v. 30 She..didn't throw off on people who said ‘I seen’ or ‘I taken’. 2011 (Nexis) 26 Jan. 19 The laid-back attitude that makes Australians throw off at fervent patriotism, hides a deep and passionate love affair for this oddly-shaped, wide brown land in the southern ocean. society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > discount > deduct as discount [verb (transitive)] 1821 24 June 385/2 An abatement of rent, Mr. S. Why..last year I threw you off 200l. 1845 299 Perhaps, if you are a good girl, and pay regularly every week, I may throw you off something at the end of the year. 1922 26 Feb. (Mag. section) 1/1 He will throw off 10 per cent from his offer of yesterday for spot cash. 1995 19 Apr. 11/3 I said ‘what's the best you can do for us?’ an' she threw off a few pound. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on > in hasty or careless manner a1450 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Tanner 346) (1871) 99 He throweth on his helme of huge weghte. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1325 Euery man Of hem..Had on him throwen a vesture Whiche that men clepen a cote armure. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus i. v. sig. D.jv They weare longe garmentes of lynnen, hemmed about the skirtes beneth..: ouer the which they throwe on another white garment also. 1681 S. Willard 16 These men..finding no remedy in our Churches, threw on a cloak of Anabaptisme, and so gained the thing they aimed at, in a disguise. 1713 J. Gay in 1 Sept. 1/1 We have a kind of Sketch of Dress..which..is called a Dishabille: every thing is thrown on with a loose and careless Air. 1793 J. O'Keeffe ii. ii. 16 Had just time to throw on any jacket that came to hand. 1832 F. Marryat II. xvii. 252 She rose, threw on her robe de nuit, and descended the stairs. 1856 3 May 72/1 He threw his coat on over them and stood before the mirror to see how he..would look. 1912 Oct. 840/2 Throwing on a kimono, she flew upstairs. 1979 R. Gillespie iv. 100 He threw on a polo shirt and slacks. 2015 29 Apr. (Fighting Words section) 4/1 Ralph woke up to his alarm clock going off... He threw on his grubby shorts and T-shirt. the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > forcibly, firmly, or quickly 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane f. cccxxxiijv When any churche must be buylded, the Byshop..layeth the first stone of the foundation, and throweth on salt water [L. aqua salsa respergit]. 1607 E. Topsell 368 Before you throw on the powder, wash the wound first with warme Vineger. 1676 J. Evelyn 129 We should endeavour..to detect..the quality predominant both of the Earth we would improve, and the Composts we apply, and not throw them on promiscuously upon every thing. 1744 J. Randall ii. xxiv. 491 The Children of the Deceased..kindle the Funeral-pile, throwing on Oil, and costly sweet Woods. 1862 6 421 He throws on his colour at once, with a very evident freedom of pencil. 1873 J. Richards 76 Watch persons trying to throw on a belt [upon a pulley]... The one will throw it on instantly. 1931 12 Sept. 19/4 If you are putting on felt, just throw it on with a few nails to keep it in place. 1973 29 Oct. 50/1 He took a pot of Duco that was black and threw the paint on. 2010 J. Beck ii. 25 Grace studied the fireplace a moment, then asked, ‘Any chance you can throw on a log or two?’ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > play at dice [verb (transitive)] > specific throw at hazard 1792 Jan. 90/1 He once won 17,000l. at hazard, by throwing on (as it is called) fourteen successive mains. 1846 20 414 A contribution levied on every player (box-taker) who is fortunate enough to throw on three mains, or win three times consecutively. 1892 J. P. Quinn vi. 153 The proprietor..derives his profit from a stipulated amount from all the players who are fortunate enough to throw on three mains. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > hunt with hounds [verb (transitive)] > put on scent 1815 45 253 After the usual law, the hounds were thrown on. 1888 27 Feb. 7/5 A deer was enlarged at Caulstown, and when the hounds were thrown on they ran a ring back to Norman's Grove gate. 1864 P. R. Higley 1/1 The brakes are thrown on by means of suitable springs. 1931 ‘B. Starke’ iv. 58 A smart Studebaker roadster came roaring down the road behind us and threw on the brakes. 1966 30 Mar. a5/1 Any sweeping anti-inflationary measure..might throw the brakes on too fast and drag the economy down. 2015 C. Stross xii. 228 We see the red light ahead and he throws on the brakes. We screech to a halt. 1. transitive. society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)] a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1969) Jer. xxviii. 16 I shal þrowen out [L. emittam] þee fro þe face of erþe. a1425 Adam & Eve (Wheatley) in M. Day (1921) 80 (MED) He þrew out Adam and he sente cherubyn bifore Paradys of delyte. 1526 W. Bonde i. sig. Fii Whome..god suffreth..vtterly to be throwen out fro the kyngdome of glory. a1631 R. Cotton (1655) 95 You can hinder another from possessing the Government, or when he is possessed of it, throw him out again. 1685 R. Brady 122 Many of the Nobility and great men threw out the Abbats and Monks which Dunstan had placed in Monasteries. 1710 T. Hearne (1886) II. 348 Ld. Rialton..will be thrown out the next Election. 1780 J. Warner in J. H. Jesse (1844) IV. 382 I suppose it is not possible to throw Barrow out. 1826 18 June 387/2 General Palmer has been thrown out for Bath. 1868 M. E. Grant Duff 16 He..succeeded in throwing out most of the leading supporters of his predecessor. 1918 E. Appleton Diary 14 July in R. Cowen (2013) 225 When I am in charge it is quite sufficient for me to boss the staff. She hated me for not allowing her to do so, and got me thrown out! 1953 28 June (comic strip) Schlitz had another fight with his wife and she threw him out! 2015 A. Mulligan 125 We realize then that we'd better get out of the cafe before we get thrown out. 1887 29 Oct. 9/4 A patent-medicine man bearded the O'Kane in his den the other day to complain that he had been libelled. He was thrown out ‘on his ear’. 1905 23 Dec. 16/1 Alec..threw me out on my face in the back garden. 1985 21 Apr. iv. 22/1 Four years in office..and then the electorate in its wisdom threw me out on my head. 2010 (Nexis) 5 Apr. 24 If they can't look at situations like these and realise they have to change, they deserve to be thrown out on their backsides. 2. transitive. the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > out a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 429 Iosephus þrewe out [L. superiecto] brennynge oyle uppon alle her gynnes, and smoot of al her gynnes. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Paris) (1971) 60 (MED) Þe intestynes with þe myserays serueþ to þrowe oute noyeng þinges..digestede and chylosate in it. a1500 in G. Henslow (1899) 121 (MED) To mak penydes, Tak a 1 lb. suger..and þan pour þi suger þer-on..and þan throw oute þi penedes in þe thyknes of a thombe. ?1518 sig. C.jv Some threwe out bayte fysshe to catche. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus ii. 81 His theeues carcase is throwne out to be deuoured of dogs. 1650 No. 21. 132 The Enemy..threw out Fire-balls of Pitch and Brimstone. 1707 E. Ward 100 He..falls to throwing every thing out at the Windows. 1786 T. Baldwin lvi. 236 If the Cord, Rope, or Balancer, be sufficiently strong; there will be no Necessity for the Aironaut to throw out Ballast occasionally. 1855 W. Howitt II. xxxii. 193 Two men with shovels..throw out as fast as they can the stones which are washed clean. 1930 18 Jan. 18/6 She succeeded in snatching the razor and rushed to the window to throw it out. 2002 E. Berg (2004) 158 He stood at the edge of the water, throwing out handfuls of corn. 1574 G. Fenton tr. J. Talpin i. iv. 19 Our bodye materiall, replenished with humours corrupt,..wyl alwayes throwe out to the vtter partes, Blaines, Apostumes and Vlcers. 1663 22 It seeming rational to me, that he must have rested better if the Pox had been thrown out. 1692 E. Pelling vi. 104 Putrified Blood is apt upon fermentation to throw out Boyls and Blisters, and the like. 1734 28 Nov. The third dose threw out all over her body a most violent leprosy. 1798 J. Austen 1 Dec. (1995) 24 He wants my mother to look yellow and to throw out a rash, but she will do neither. 1822 5 711 The skin, instead of throwing out pustular eruptions, becomes covered with vibices and purpura. 1925 4 Aug. 508/2 He has been continually throwing out boils on his back for weeks past. 2013 Erin amundsenhouseofchaos.com 16 June (blog, accessed 26 Feb. 2018) Riley decided two weeks ago to throw out spots. Yup, spots! the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > crop or crops > [verb (transitive)] > force crop out by frost 1762 A. Dickson ii. xxi. 308 There is a kind of land, which, when clover is sown upon it, throws out the young plants after frost. 1840 1 iii. 272 The wheat is usually only thrown out in severe frosts. 1867 10 Jan. 36/2 Little was sown on corn land, and the frost threw out about half of that. 1906 29 Dec. 507/2 On heavy clay soil the plants are quite likely to be thrown out by the frost if set in the fall. 3. transitive. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iii. l. 1418 Lucifer þe dayes messager Gan for to ryse and out here bemes þrow And afterward ros. 1583 P. Barrough iii. xx. 108 If the hemmorhoides do throw out bloud immoderately. 1654 S. Clarke (ed. 2) ciii. 568 A valley of Pitch very marvellous to behold, wherein are many Springs, throwing out abundantly a kind of black substance. 1750 tr. C. Leonardus ii. vi. 99 It grows warm, and throws out a heat. 1756 P. Browne ii. ii. 236 Where ever the trunk or larger branches of this tree are wounded, they throw out a thick resinous gum. 1838 T. Thomson 995 Plants, when exposed to the light, absorb carbonic acid, decompose it, and throw out again the greatest part of the oxygen. 1850 T. T. Lynch xii. 235 Truth and goodness throw out a vivifying electric agency. 1938 8 Jan. 20/1 An aeroplane flying overhead and detonators bursting and throwing out clouds of smoke. 1958 25 Dec. 1567/1 The energy of beta-particles thrown out by radioactive materials. 2006 24 Feb. (Bricks & Mortar section) 6/3 A tall cylindrical stove in the centre of the living space throws out plenty of heat. the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth 1733 W. Ellis xii. 146 Old Trees..which the very next Summer will throw out new Shoots. 1784 T. Jefferson Let. 4 May in (1953) VII. 210 It [sc. tobacco-plant] will then throw out a sucker at the root of every leaf. 1845 6 ii. 580 A square patch of Jerusalem artichokes..throwing out stems from 7 to 10 feet in length. 1880 C. R. Markham xviii. 210 The plants..had begun to bud and throw out young leaves. 1929 H. A. A. Nicholls & J. H. Holland (ed. 2) ii. v. 187 In October, the canes throw out flowering stems. 1986 J. Cox 49 Every plant threw out many runners, filling the patch solid with strawberry leaves. 2009 (Nexis) 16 Apr. 6 With all the plants and trees throwing out their buds it is a time for thoughts of regeneration. the mind > language > statement > state or declare [verb (transitive)] society > communication > information > hint or covert suggestion > hint at or suggest [verb (transitive)] > give (a hint) 1573 T. Cartwright 5 These so reprochfull speaches, whiche you throwe oute agaynste men, reache, not vnto God. 1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher iv. sig. I1 I haue throwne out words, That would haue fetcht warme bloud vpon the cheekes Of guilty men. 1633 J. Earle (ed. 6) lxxviii. sig. N11v Not a jest throwne out, but he will make it hitt him. a1763 W. King (1819) 246 Such an infamous appellation, that I scarce believe the most fiery sectarist among us..would dare to throw out. 1793 following p. 33 He at first only threw out that till these were totally subdued, we would contend with them. 1824 M. Wilmot 26 May (1935) 214 I only throw out this idea to shew I am ready to act on it. 1891 July 106 The hint of danger which Norbury threw out was the one thing needed. 1937 19 Oct. 7/4 It is thrown out that ‘thought is as real as matter’. 2012 R. Pollero xv. 205 I'm just throwing out ideas. 5. transitive. the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration 1576 T. Hill (new ed.) sig. Gv A certayne man dreamed, that he thought he threw out his ringe, wyth the whiche he sealed all thinges. 1618 in W. Foster (1906) 48 What I found grose I thrue out or cutt. 1660 J. Milton 13 To us who have thrown it [sc. monarchy] out, received back again, it cannot but prove pernicious. 1753 J. Collier 233 The letter L..confined the competitors to the lion, the leopard, the lynx, and the lamb. The lamb, by almost general consent, was instantly thrown out, as knowing nothing of the subjects treated of. 1815 J. Dodson 1 31 Some circumstances stated on behalf of Captain Honeyman, which I may also throw out as immaterial. 1856 F. L. Olmsted 241 They..made further clearings in the forest, and ‘threw out’, to use their own phrase, so much of the land as they had ruined. 1896 16 Nov. 407 When the contract expires, this newspaper will throw out its linotype machines. 1934 D. Hammett xxvi. 209 I tried to throw out my personal feelings and stick to logic. 1949 J. Thurber 26 Aug. (2002) 470 Nobody before you has taken the liberty of throwing out my words and putting in his. 2012 26 Mar. 66/1 He threw out the old furniture. society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] > defeat or veto a bill society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > carry on or institute (an action) [verb (transitive)] > abandon or dismiss a suit 1604 W. Stoughton 36 Al other clauses following in the same bill..are to be throwne out and dismissed from the Kings Court. 1669 sig. A3 The House [of Commons] threw out the poor peoples Petition. 1707 2 This Proposal..occasion'd very great Debates..and was Scandalously Treated and thrown Out. 1817 Proc. Parl. in Sept. 261/1 The grand jury..whose duty it was to find the bills, had thrown them out. 1873 P. V. Smith ii. v. 175 The Ballot Bill..was thrown out by the Lords. 1933 12 July 74/3 The Senate threw out the Commons' bill to retire judges at the age of seventy-five. 2004 24 May (Review section) 7/1 The judge rejected the newspaper's attempts to get the case thrown out. 1828 II. iii. 76 If the request is granted, each throws out as many cards of the five he holds as he likes. 1841 E. Bulwer-Lytton (ed. 5) iii. vi. 93 I only throw out four... Was ever such luck?—not a card for my point. 1907 H. Kaufman & M. I. Fisk viii. 98 I caught the trick with the trump ace and threw out the ace of clubs, catching his king. 2003 D. Parlett (new ed.) xvi. 154 The beginner's temptation is to throw out low cards that look useless for tricks. 6. transitive. society > communication > expression > [verb (reflexive)] 1658 J. Spencer 323 A Personage of some note, lying on his death-bed, was desired by some of his friends then standing by, to speak some observable sentence, to throw out himselfe in some one good passage or other. 1710 A. Pope 30 Dec. (1956) I. 111 I resume my old liberty of throwing out my self upon paper to you. 1763 J. Brown v. 85 His warlike Genius threw itself out, in Subjects that were grand and terrible. 1830 28 460 The stiff rules, and the coldness of the French drama, cramp me—I have not room to throw myself out in. society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] 1741 30 Apr. They saw to the Southward four large Ships..upon this he threw out a Signal for the Orford, Prince Frederick..and York to chace. 1774 T. Dawson 13 Whenever she [sc. nature] shall point at a crisis, and throw out fair and manifest signs for assistance. 1806 A. Duncan 32 The signal was thrown out for the..fleet to prepare for action. 1890 A. M. Jocelyn xvii Belton's horse also threw out signs of distress. 1936 15 Feb. 200/1 The Government..have at last thrown out indications that a re-armament policy is to be pursued. 1984 A. Desai i. 15 He threw out another proud and angry look. 2012 C. D. Karazin & J. R. Littlejohn ix. 143 The whole weekend, Nicole says she was throwing out signals—but it was Mathias who wasn't picking up on the signs. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > play at dice [verb (transitive)] > specific throw at hazard a1680 S. Butler (1759) II. 84 And crucify his Saviour worse Than those Jew-Troopers, that threw out, When they were raffling for his coat. 1708 18–20 Feb. Remember, if we should fail, it was only a Game at Hazard, and we happen'd to throw out. 1765 Earl of March in J. H. Jesse (1843) I. 308 I am very sorry to hear that you are still throwing out [Note At hazard.] as well as me. 1850 H. G. Bohn et al. 367 The fraction expressing the sum of the Caster's probabilities of winning..and that expressing the Setter's..shews it to be 251 to 244 that the Caster throws out any one time, when 7 is the main. 1873 W. S. Hayward (new ed.) x. 49 He determined to learn the game—the mysteries of ‘seven's the main, and a nick’, ‘five to seven’, ‘four to seven’, ‘two to one, the thrower throws out’,—and so on. 2011 G. R. Williamson 47 He throws out with an 11 but nicks with a 12. 8. transitive. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind by superior speed the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip > specifically a pursuer or competitor 1682 E. Settle 18 He rowz'd that Game by which he is undone, By fleeter Coursers now so far outrun, That fiercer Mightier Nimrod in the Chace, Till quite thrown out, and lost he quits the Race. 1713 J. Addison i. i. 4 A Virtue that has cast me at a Distance, And thrown me out in the Pursuits of Honour. 1788 5 Apr. Only two of near 40 horsemen having been with the hounds for the last half hour of the chace: the whole body being (by a sudden turn of the deer) most completely thrown out. 1823 W. Scott I. ix. 242 I had been unluckily thrown out, and was riding fast, to be in my place. 1889 W. Westall III. xii. 202 More than once he threw them [sc. his pursuers] out by a double. 1908 28 Mar. 442/2 The hare..resorts to the most extraordinary arts and devices to save her life and throw out her pursuers. the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail in [verb (transitive)] > cause to fail the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] 1821 Apr. 374/1 Those artists who take likenesses with a machine, are quite thrown out in their calculations when they have to rely on the eye or hand alone. 1891 Apr. 551 It had been only the seeing her there acting the part of a governess that..threw him out. 1903 July 61/2 The use of chants of varied length and structure..is..hardly practical; congregations would be quite thrown out by it. 1992 W. Self 29 The direct question threw me out completely. I had been utterly absorbed. 2003 (Nexis) 23 June 47 I thought I was in contention..but I led with the wrong leg at the eighth hurdle and that threw me out completely. 1855 3 July 8/4 The low prices in Europe and the high rate of freight had completely thrown out all calculations that were made some few months ago. 1892 A. W. Pinero i. 24 I took five years from my total... It has thrown everything out. As I am now thirty-one, instead of thirty-six as I ought to be, it stands to reason that I couldn't have been married twenty years ago. 1967 21 Sept. 6/3 These extra trips accelerated the lifts' rate of deterioration, and threw out plans made for the lift repair gangs. 2016 B. J. Seton & L. A. Stowe in M. S. Schmid et al. iii. 34 If [a natural disaster]..does take place it can seriously throw out the project schedule. 9. transitive. the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > project from (something) [verb (transitive)] > cause to project or stretch forth 1689 W. Salmon tr. Y. van Diemerbroeck vi. 529/2 The Larger Gastric..bestows a little Branch upon the higher and middle Seat of the Ventricle, and throws out two stocks of Arteries..to the Stomach. 1796 D. Daulby iv. 74 The trunk of a large old tree, which divides into two as it rises towards the top, and throws out a branch towards the right. 1861 22 ii. 352 Both ranges throw out spurs. 1890 R. M. Kettle ii. ii. 93 The old trees..threw out giant branches. 1943 10 Jan. 5/1 (advt.) The Austin Reed Service throws out branches into all the towns we list here. 1814 14 Aug. It was found absolutely necessary to encroach upon the office below, by throwing out a gallery for letter-carriers to sort their letters in. 1849 W. M. Thackeray (1850) I. xxiii. 214 We'll throw a conservatory out, over the balcony. 1941 29 Apr. 2/3 The Stock Exchange Managers acquired additional property and threw out the wing which West Africans occupy to-day. 2015 K. Clanchy 39 Jenny's parents had had to throw out an extension to accommodate her. society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > bind [verb (transitive)] > other processes 1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf 8 By mounting a map on a guard the size of the page it may be kept laid open on the table beside the book... This is technically called ‘throwing out’ a map. 1902 29 Nov. 719/1 Mr. Collingwood's maps are ‘thrown out’. 1946 E. Diehl II. iv. 51 Folded maps or folded sheets..should be mounted on linen or fine strong muslin and ‘thrown out’, or guarded so that they may be opened clear of the book. 1998 K. A. Smith & F. A. Jordan 399 The map is thrown-out, so that it remains visible while any other page in the book can be read and turned. society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > sing [verb (transitive)] > project the voice 1729 tr. C. Lancelot et al. i. 32 Blending together the difference of Accents, (which consists only in throwing out the voice a little more to give it its elevation, whether it be long or short, as the word requires). 1792 H. Newdigate Let. Feb. in A. E. Newdigate-Newdegate (1898) ix. 123 Mortellari..is giving her an Artful Manner of throwing out her Voice to be heard in publick. 1836 28 Apr. The singers should throw out their voices in the forte parts more than they do. 1885 J. K. Jerome 42 To make your voice ‘carry’, you have to throw it out, instead of letting it crawl out when you open your mouth. 1931 5 Feb. 8/4 Mr. Lawrence Anderson throws out his voice..with notable conviction. 1977 24 Mar. 16/7 The capacity to throw his voice out with full force or restrain it for lyrical expression. 2007 (Nexis) 27 Jan. 43 Some of the cast need to throw their voices out more. the world > plants > part of plant > root > be a root [verb (intransitive)] > grow (as root) the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > in large numbers the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > move out from the centre the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] > strike out 1772 F. Wollaston in (Royal Soc.) 61 561 The pendulum did not..throw-out so far by about 7′ as it generally did. 1798 60 App. 912/2 The wind throwing out caused me to anchor. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage I. iii. iv. 366 The fear of talking absurdly prevents you from throwing out at all. 1829 P. Egan New Ser. II. 252 The Irishman threw out with his left hand on Cabbage's breast. 1855 16 i. 176 Such soils turn up as a fine mould..and the roots can throw out without impediment. 1871 17 Nov. 229/3 The lever is not allowed to throw out far enough. 1976 D. A. Richards (2011) 184 He threw out with his left and she went reeling. society > armed hostility > military operations > [verb (transitive)] > send on operation 1800 1 Aug. The skirmishers thrown out 200 yards in front of the 1st line. 1893 W. Forbes-Mitchell xv. 258 We bivouacked on the plain, strong piquets being thrown out. 1916 17 July 5/5 The horsemen advanced and threw out patrols to reconnoitre. 1940 12 Aug. 7/4 Bailey would throw out his engineers far afield, like scouts. 2010 N. Philbrick (2011) x. 181 Instead of charging into the village, Reno had decided to throw out a skirmish line. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > relief and texture > [verb (transitive)] > bring into relief 1815 12 Feb. 109/1 They hang as foils to the few good Pictures, like a crowd of indifferent, ugly, and finely-dressed figures, at an assembly, throwing out with more attracting lustre a few eye-following beauties. 1860 J. Ruskin V. 283 The tone of the whole is dark and gray, throwing out the figures in spots of light. 1910 Jan. 447 The dark background throws out the light box. 1970 17 Apr. 12/3 A pattern which throws out the central figure. 14. transitive. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > dismissal of batsman > put out [verb (transitive)] > manner of dismissal 1832 30 Dec. Mr. F. first took the bat and scored 3, hit wicket; second ditto, 10, thrown out. 1892 11 June 870/3 Mr. Jackson threw him out from cover-point, when the batsmen were attempting a short run. 1953 16 Aug. 9/2 Maqsood was taken at mid-wicket, and the dogged Waqar smartly thrown out by Hutton. 2010 (Nexis) 2 June 47 Jos Buttler..was superbly thrown out by a direct hit from Ed Joyce at backward point. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > play baseball [verb (transitive)] > put out > a runner 1876 8 Oct. 2/1 Bradley retired on three strikes and Mack was thrown out by Peters. 1930 May 52/2 They started out to steal bases on us, but gave this type of play up when our catcher threw out the runners. 1986 B. Nash & A. Zullo 43 He forgot to run fast enough and was thrown out at first base by Cubs right fielder Billy Williams. 2007 13 Aug. d2/2 Right fielder Jeff Francoeur threw out two runners at the plate for the Braves. 1866 25 Aug. 142/1 There is a stop, at M, which prevents the carriage from being run too far out if the feed clutch does not throw out. 1895 To throw out, to fail to register, or print pages or colors in exact position: said of a worn or shackly printing-machine. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of joints > affect with disorder of joints [verb (transitive)] > dislocate 1885 (Court of Appeals State of N.Y.) 10 On reaching up it threw my shoulder out and I could not write. 1900 1 May 593/1 A soldier who frequently ‘threw his knee out’, as they called it, whenever he wished to shirk duty. 1969 15 Feb. 32/1 I lost two guys this morning. One threw his back out; the other hurt his elbow. 2018 (Nexis) 4 Mar. Though he'd never imagined playing professionally, Sellers was headed to do just that. Then he threw out his elbow. the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose or intention [verb (transitive)] > desert or deny a person the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose or intention [verb (transitive)] > withdraw from an engagement or promise 1835 C. Dickens 5 Nov. (1965) I. 88 I will throw the Bell's Life over, altogether. 1836 T. Hook II. iii. 186 I was satisfied that Emma had thrown me over. 1874 W. Stubbs I. vi. 163 (note) Mr. Freeman..throws over the latter part of Palgrave's theory. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. III. 27 They threw over their allies. 1891 O. Wilde iii. 62 ‘Are you disengaged Tuesday?’ ‘For you I would throw over anybody, Duchess.’ 1903 G. B. Shaw i. 40 Tavy will kiss; and you will only turn the cheek. And you will throw him over if anybody better turns up. 1908 E. F. Benson x. 146 He had another engagement, and though I urged him not to throw it over when I heard that, he really insisted on coming. 1959 K. Tynan 18 Aug. (1994) iv. 246 A strange plump bearded man..came to Spain to write a book.., saw Ordóñez and Domingúin, threw over his project and has since pursued the two matadors across Spain. 1973 27 Nov. 14/5 His wife..throws over bourgeois convention for a life of nomadic eccentric uncertainty. 2002 F. Shteyngart in Summer 215 Believe me, she'd throw you over as soon as someone more attractive came along. 1851 [implied in: J. Pycroft x. 196 Throwing over does sometimes answer; but a cunning runner will get in your way. (at throwing over n. at throwing n.2 Compounds 1)]. 1857 T. Hughes ii. viii. 388 Jack Raggles is furious, and begins throwing over savagely to the further wicket. 1867 G. H. Selkirk v. 89 He [sc. the long stop] should never throw over to the bowler unless desired. 1921 G. R. C. Harris iv. 102 I..ran out two men from long-stop by throwing over to the bowler. society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > go about > by tacking 1882 8 Apr. 548/1 The Pandora threw round as the Lucia was about level with her. 1894 24 July 8/4 Shortly afterwards Vigilant threw round, and stood in. 1947 15 July 7/3 She immediately threw round on the starboard tack. the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > forcibly, firmly, or quickly > with something which is already there c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) l. 2939 Anoþire boll was him broȝt, & bathe he deuoydid, And ȝit he threw to þe thrid, & thrast in þare-eftir. the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close (a door, window, etc.) > violently or noisily 1644 [implied in: 11 The violent throwing to of an iron doore.]. 1683 73 Diomedes at last push'd him out by the shoulder, and..threw to the door. 1740 S. Richardson I. xv. 31 I made shift to get into it [sc. the chamber], and threw-to the Door,..it locked. 1834 9 Aug. The keeper threw the gate to, thinking it would stop the animal. 1892 23 July 473/1 The slamming of one of the church doors, as if thrown-to by a draught. 1902 July 344/1 She got to her room, threw the door to and locked it. c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock (1921) 147 (MED) Whanne alle þese [doctrines] schulen be þrowe to gider into heepe..þis heepe schal not conteyne alle þe vertues of goddis lawe. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe f. 465 They were throwen together on a heape. 1679 tr. D. Bouhours iii. 179 The Rubbish..which being thrown together by hazard, made a kind of a slope ascent. 1717 G. Berkeley Let. 17 Apr. in (1871) IV. 82 A wonderful variety of hills, vales, ragged rocks, fruitful plains, and barren mountains, all thrown together in a most romantic confusion. 1849 G. W. Johnson I. 183/1 The hand of God throws together in rich magnificence the most opposing colours. 1878 I. L. Bird (1879) iii. 37 I threw a few things together and came here. 1967 E. Short i. 18 A bundle of threads or fabrics accidentally thrown together may suggest an exciting scheme. 2005 K. S. Robinson iv. 166 ‘I've got to get home,’ she said, throwing her things together. 2. transitive. society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > compose hastily society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > a compilation > compile (a work) [verb (transitive)] > compile hastily 1646 H. Hammond Let. 4 Nov. in (1647) 73 Dictating out of your Note-booke, where you may have throwne together all your exceptions against that Author. 1663 R. Boyle ii. 8 In this and the four following Essays, I shall onely throw together divers such particulars as not belonging to my Writings, would, perhaps be lost, if I did not lay hold on this Opportunity for their preservation. 1711 J. Addison No. 105. ¶3 On my retiring to my Lodgings, I could not forbear throwing together such Reflections as occurred to me upon that Subject. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter iii. ii. 308 I shall..throw together the most interesting particulars that came to our knowledge, relating to..this Island of Tinian. 1847 T. De Quincey Secret Societies in Oct. 663/1 I once threw together a few thoughts upon this obscure question. 1919 Sept. 47/3 Well-built house... It wasn't just thrown together like some of these new houses. 2009 (Nexis) 9 Oct. 3 She used to throw together outfits from clothes borrowed from other performers. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > prepare food [verb (transitive)] > quickly 1884 4 Sept. A spectacled madame..will..throw together a serviceable little supper at five minutes' notice. 1962 ‘E. Ferrars’ i. 13 If we haven't eaten she'll throw something together. 1980 P. G. Winslow iv. 64 She hadn't been listening much, throwing a quick supper together. 2004 F. Lawrence p. xiii I..wolfed fast food on the run or threw together a meal of pre-cut chicken and ready chopped vegetables. society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] > join persons together in association 1772 I. 4 People thrown together in this manner, and unacquainted with each other, are naturally curious to know into what sort of company they have accidentally fallen. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian viii, in 2nd Ser. I. 226 The circumstances of their families threw the young people constantly together. 1889 J. A. Froude xxi. 313 They had been thrown together as children, but had rarely met since. 1932 30 Aug. 15/2 Laura..and George..are neither of them in their first youth when accident throws them together on a bench in Kensington Gardens. 2013 23 Nov. 57/3 With Tina and Peter having been thrown together at every opportunity, it was only a matter of time before the funny business started. 1. transitive. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise > specifically a part of the body a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) Fil Pandarus on knees and vp his eyen To heuene þrew [?a1450 St. John's Cambr. L. 1 threugh, c1450 Harl. 2280 trewe]. 1560 A. L. in tr. J. Calvin Ep. sig. A6v You se him sometyme throwe vp his gastly eyen, starynge wyth horrour. 1570 W. Gibson (single sheet) Throw vp your snouts you sluggish sorte You mumming maskyng route. 1627 J. Barlow 163 We like frighted cattell, might stand still, throw vp the head, looke about. 1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace ii. vii. 325 I throw my Nose up to a savoury Steam. 1788 Feb. 182/2 A vocal performer..threw up his head and replied. 1821 19 Aug. 524/1 Eternally throwing up their eyes to heaven. 1883 R. G. White 121 He threw up his left arm. 1919 B. Ruck xiv. 132 Mabel..threw up her chin and said: ‘Oh, thank you!’ 1950 11 Mar. 2/4 As Riddick threw up his hands in a futile protection gesture, his host swung the knife. 2015 J. K. Johnson i. 28 One of the horses swung away.., and the other threw up his head. b. to throw up one's hands. society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > call upon to surrender 1724 25 Langley..Dismounting with Pistol in Hand, commands Page to throw up his Hands, which he trembling did, begging for Life. 1878 19 Dec. Throw up your arms, I'm Ned Kelly. 1887 I. Randall 37 He was suddenly aware of a horse galloping rapidly up behind him, and heard a shout: ‘Throw up your hands!’ 1924 12 Jan. 36/3 Get away from him now, you mister with a beard... Throw up your hands, you! 2008 T. Evans 177 Throw up your hands. You're all under arrest. 1884 T. Whittaker xxxiii. 345 It is never well to throw up our hands and give up as lost because of difficulties desperate and troubles overwhelming. 1920 52 818/2 After two very trying years, I threw up my hands and swore ‘Never again’. 1989 L. Zolf xxxii. 191 The canvasser would then set an absurdly high price the sucker couldn't afford, the sucker would balk, and the canvasser would throw up his hands and say it was up to the branch manager to decide on a price. 2012 27 Nov. 15/4 But each time the floodplain serves its proper purpose..insurers throw up their hands,..and much of the cost is transferred to the taxpayer. 2. transitive. c1422 T. Hoccleve Tale of Jerelaus (Durh.) l. 364 in (1970) i. 152 Vp he threew an heuy syk. 1565 W. Alley i. i. f. 53v They..throwe him vp so hie, that before he fall to ye ground agayne, he is choked. 1675 T. Brooks Word in Season 89 in You may throw up your caps at them, and bid them do their worst. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu 1 Apr. (1965) I. 343 Marble Fountains in the lower part of the room which throws up several spouts of Water. 1780 W. Coxe 253 The chain of islands here laid down may..be considered as thrown up by some late volcanos. 1786 B. Franklin in 2 73 The fresh coals..will throw up..a body of thick smoke. 1842 3 ii. 171 Land..thrown up into very narrow ridges. 1893 Aug. 116 The seaweeds thrown up on his estate. 1918 July 71/2 Shells were exploding, tearing up the earth, and throwing up clouds of dust. 2001 June 78/2 The referee throws up the ball to start the game. the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > throw open a1500 (?c1300) (Chetham) l. 1655 + 20 Anon the gates he gan vp throwe. 1733 17 She..Threw up the Window tow'rd the Yard. 1757 II. 195 The Sashes were thrown up, and they were all sitting in the Windows. 1823 Acct. Visit from St. Nicholas in 23 Dec. 3/5 Away to the window I flew like a flash, Tore open the shutters, and threw up the sash. 1861 3 221 She hastily threw up the window. 1904 19 Aug. 15/2 He hurried to the window, and throwing up the sash, looked down on Mott street. 1964 in R. D. Abrahams ii. v. 204 Grandma threw up the window, took off all her clothes and throwed herself in bed. 2001 ‘J. D. Robb’ x. 145 As he listened, he threw up the window, leaned out as if..desperate for air. society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fortify [verb (transitive)] > throw up (works) 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock 265 Throw vp another rampire with certaine bulwarks at euery corner. 1642 W. Benningfield sig. A2v Our men threw up Walls of Turffe and Earth to shelter them from the Rebels shot. a1661 Earl of Monmouth tr. P. G. Capriata (1663) xvii. 713 He..immediately caused greater banks to be thrown up against the mouth of the Channel. 1709 R. Steele No. 6. ⁋10 The Greeks threw up a great Intrenchment to secure their Navy. 1785 J. Drinkwater iv. 125 The Enemy threw up two places d'armes for musquetry, on the flanks of the Mill-battery. 1830 J. Welsh I. iii. 96 The Poligars had thrown up a breast-work, with one small gun, in front of the road. 1880 R. Mackenzie iii. ii. 287 Armed crowds began to appear, and barricades were thrown up. 1919 30 Apr. 18/1 It has been a question of throwing up houses and stores and buildings as speedily as possible. 2006 14 Jan. a6/5 The authorities..threw up a tight security cordon around the building. 4. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit 1614 S. Latham ii. xxi. 116 It [sc. worme-wood] is a thing in taste very bitter..and may cause a crasie Hawke..to throw vp her meate and all. 1653 tr. H. van der Heyden iv. 142 What he throws up by Vomit, be black. 1732 J. Arbuthnot iii. 307 It is easy to judge of the Cause by the Substances which the Patient throws up. 1822 J. M. Good II. 695 Blood from the stomach..thrown up by vomiting. 1895 Dec. 210/2 He made a tea which acted as an emetic and the patient threw up a variety of reptiles. 1928 C. S. Whitehead & C. A. Hoff (new ed.) i. vi. 229 A child that is rationally fed and kept quiet for awhile after its suckling, will not usually ‘throw up’ its food. 1983 15 July 14/3 A party of school children..were throwing up their breakfasts. 2004 11 Oct. (Central ed.) r9/4 They tried feeding her gummy bears, but she threw them up. b. transitive. In figurative slang phrases used to denote the act of vomiting, esp. copiously or violently. 1762 C. Johnstone I. xxvi. 102 Hitting him a plump in the bread-basket, that shall make [him] throw up his accounts. 1866 2 Feb. 20/5 He [sc. a toad] turned over again and again, swelled, panted, and soon threw up his accounts. 1907 J. Macnab x. 91 Don't lean over the weather side to ‘throw up your accounts’. 1990 P. Gregory xxxii. 340 When I thought of the red weal on his cheek and him telling me of his Becky, I wanted to throw up my accounts. 1836 26 Apr. I vomited so terribly that one of the men expressed it as his opinion, if I continued, that ‘I must throw up my boots and toe nails’. 1856 30 Aug. 337/2 His boy got such a fit of laughing that he choked and threw up his boots. 1903 F. Palmer xi. 106 Tim said when he threw up his boots that he thought he would feel better if he could throw up the keel of the ship. 1915 4 153 The egg was so bad I liked to throw up my heeltaps. 2016 L. McDaniel xvi. 98 I do recall that terrible feeling of wanting to puke... I thought I would throw up my toenails some days. 1899 18 July 14/2 Then Ross he threw up his guts. 1939 G. Hopkins tr. ‘J. Romains’ Verdun xxiii. 434 in XVI A God-awful operation which made our eyes jump out of our heads, and set the fellows all round us throwing up their guts. 2010 (Nexis) 22 Mar. 26 He threw his guts up at half-time and still played the game out. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (intransitive)] > vomit 1793 20 Feb. 3/1 In what odd ways we taste misfortune's cup—While France throws down the gauntlet—Pitt throws up. 1832 J. Wilson in July 133/1 We hope we did not throw up—but if we have made a clean stomach of it, so much the better for tiffin. 1887 V. Martin Let. in M. Collis (1968) iii. 44 He began to play with the favourite pug, finally dancing it round on its hind legs. It immediately threw up. 1934 T. Wilder 6 He thought he was going to throw up. 1977 19 Sept. 49/3 I'm not sure anyone else even noticed, but it upset me so much I threw up. 2015 K. Butler 275 Ray ran to the bathroom and threw up into the toilet. 5. transitive. the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] 1645 J. Corbet 65 In most of the Officers a generall neglect of duty, who for the least check would throw up their Commissions. a1687 W. Petty (1691) i. 33 To throw up their Husbandry, and make no use of their Lands, but for Grass [etc.]. 1745 W. Warburton 181 God did not recede from the Art or Exercise of Governing; or did not throw up his Office. 1834 18 Oct. The Barrister..must throw up his task so far as regarded this parish. 1889 C. Smith II. xii. 261 He decided to throw up his practice at the Bar. 1909 R. P. Dunn-Pattison (ed. 2) vi. 130 The prospect of further action..prevented him from throwing up his command. 1964 L. Woolf i. 47 I should sooner or later have to decide whether I would go back to the Ceylon Civil Service or throw the whole thing up. 2016 (Nexis) 14 Oct. 32 My girlfriend is obsessed with us throwing up our jobs and going on a round-the-world adventure. 1678 S. Butler iii. iii. 225 Bad games are thrown-up too soon, Until th' are never to be won. 1708 tr. J. Ozanam x. 44 If the Game is thrown up without playing this Sett, he claims the Half of these two Sums put together. 1804 31 July 242/3 Mesick threw up his hand. 1884 16 May His antagonist drew three cards, and seemed on the point of throwing up his hand. 1963 2 Mar. 10/7 William III did not throw up the game after the disappointment of Nijmegen in 1678. 1964 24 Dec. 6/1 He knew he had absolutely no hope of beating the fat old pirate. So he threw up his hand. society > law > legal profession > practice law [verb (intransitive)] > practise at the bar > decline to go on with a case 1731 Dec. 539/1 The Evidence for the King being full and clear, the Defendants Council threw up their Briefs. 1782 July 9/1 When he detected the knavery, he either threw up his brief, or compelled his client to consent to fair and equitable terms. 1807 1st Ser. 9 37 He had heard rumours that he intended to have thrown up his brief. 1888 14 Apr. 82/1 His duty..was to have thrown up his brief, but not to have tendered himself as a witness. 1935 26 Oct. 6/6 He was compelled by ill health to throw up a brief in a High Court action about a fortnight ago. 1982 L. P. Wilkinson in (1996) II. xi. 250 The opposing counsel, Hortensius, threw up his brief..and Verres went into voluntary exile. 2004 (Nexis) 6 Feb. A member of the bar has a right to throw up his brief without the court's consent. 6. transitive. the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth 1735 W. Curteis in (Royal Soc.) 38 273 The Radicle taking hold of the Towe, it was enabled to throw up its Plume or Shoot. 1756 P. Browne ii. ii. 199 It throws up a stem from the center of its leaves. 1842 J. C. Loudon 279 The branches of a coniferous plant pegged down to force it to throw up a stem-sucker as a leader. 1871 5 Apr. 219/1 It throws up a strong stem,..capped with a short spike of red and yellow flowers. a1933 J. A. Thomson (1934) II. 1167 A modest herb with a creeping stem, throwing up leafy shoots as in the meadow-grass. 1990 June 26/1 The new [blackberry] varieties have lost the weedy tendency to throw up vigorous suckers in all directions. 2011 R. Fortey vi. 160 Selaginella is another lycopod, and when it ‘flowers’ it throws up little spore-bearing cones..on stalks. the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide, afford, or yield 1768 A. Tucker I. i. 344 Howmuchsoever habit or fancy may have thrown up the ideas, The motions ensuing thereupon could not have been produced without the agency of the mind. 1832 4 Apr. These Irish Tithes are every day throwing up important questions of Constitutional law. 1854 1 536/1 A partridge-coloured hen moulted last year but one, and threw up a few white feathers; but on moulting last year she threw up all white. 1912 13 Sept. 8/6 When you have a situation throwing up questions acutely, you have the ‘conflict’ which makes drama. 1981 M. Moorcock xii. 287 Russia was throwing up better women than men at that time. All the worthwhile men had been killed. 2006 R. Boyd et al. p. viii The research process threw up a number of surprises. society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > luff or turn to windward society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > get into the current of the wind [verb (transitive)] > luff or turn to windward 1750 20 After her Maintopmast came down, she threw up in the Wind, and I saw no more of her. 1769 W. Falconer Transl. French Terms Donner vent devant, to throw a ship up in the wind, or in stays. 1832 F. Marryat III. x. 164 The Windsor Castle was thrown up on the wind. 1834 F. Marryat I. xvi. 269 We threw up in the wind. 1893 R. Kipling Rhyme of Three Sealers in 14 Dec. 1948/1 The skipper smote his hand on his thigh and threw her up in the wind. 1940 R. G. Collingwood vi. 56 He threw her up into the wind and anchored where there was a little patch of clear water. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > lose scent 1789 4 Nov. When, strange to report,..the pack were close at her haunches, in almost the middle of the park,..that the hounds threw up. 1832 Mar. 237 For heaven's sake, take care of my hounds in case they may throw up in the lane. 1893 4 Feb. 170/2 Hounds suddenly threw up in a most unaccountable manner. 1925 14 Jan. 8/4 The pack threw up at the river. 1993 18 Feb. 38/1 We galloped back to where hounds had thrown up. the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > reproach > [verb (transitive)] > make subject of reproach 1815 R. Findley Let. 6 Dec. in N. E. Eliason (1956) 300 Betsey..throwed up to me that I made a better bed for Sally then her little Betsey. 1870 ‘M. Twain’ in July 139/1 He [sc. Benjamin Franklin] would work all day and then sit up nights..so that all other boys might have to do that also or else have Benjamin Franklin thrown up to them. 1890 15 Oct. 198 The children in the street throws it up against me I ain't got no father. 1957 R. Lawler i. i. 22 Every time he's away and we have a row, Emma throws him up at me like a dirty dish-cloth. 1998 T. Gorelick tr. S. Aleichem 20 Folks seem never to tire throwing up to me that one of my own relations..goes sashaying about in public in her very own hair, which she ain't pious enough to cut. the world > matter > colour > colour relationships > [verb (transitive)] > show contrast 1848 tr. ‘P.-J. Stahl’ & A. de Musset in 7 Oct. 401/1 Where will you find such another moss-carpet, that throws up your colours in so marvellously becoming a manner? 1882 M. Oliphant I. vii. 288 A tender and visionary background to throw up and bring into full relief the figure that occupies the front of the picture. 1885 C. Monkhouse in Sept. 474/2 The dado is darker..and throws up the rest effectively. 1923 H. G. Wells ii. iv. 236 There was mist, brightly moonlit mist, filling the gorge. It threw up the figures of the two Utopians in black silhouette. 1990 6 Sept. 108/1 The colour of the damask ground throws up the colours, weaves and textures of the brocading. the world > food and drink > hunting > hawking > action of hawk > [verb (intransitive)] > other actions 1881 5 Nov. 470/3 I [sc. a falcon] stopped my downward course..spread my wings, and ‘threw up’ towards the upper air. 1900 E. B. Michell viii. 128 Instead of throwing up high, as they would if they had missed, they check their flight quickly, and..descend rapidly on the panting or dazed foe. 1921 C. W. R. Knight (1922) iii. 42 The little hawk having again missed his mark would throw up, and turn again for another shot. 2008 T. Gallagher (2009) xii. 176 He cut down a grouse in a puff of feathers, threw up high, then plummeted down after another one. Compounds Forming nouns with the sense ‘that is or may be thrown through the air or space’. 1982 R. Watters 144 To throw a throw bag, pull out the top of the rope from the bag and hold it with the nonthrowing hand. 1986 July 54 No canoeist or rafter should be without a throw bag. 1994 15 ii. 27/1 An initial access using a compound or long-bow..can place the tree climber in a position to move further upward using the throw bag for subsequent movements. 2005 6 Aug. (travel section) 4/5 I've learnt how to fling a rope over a branch with a weighted ‘throw bag’. 2016 (Nexis) 22 July 9 In an emergency, look around for any lifesaving equipment. Depending on where you are, there might be lifebelts or throw bags. 1894 30 Apr. The fishermen ground up a porgy or two and..threw this ‘throw bait’ out. 2017 (Nexis) 8 Mar. (Sport section) 23 Diamond rays were also caught off the Durban piers. Mackerel throw baits worked best here. 1856 Jan. 4 Have your port fire tied on to a four foot staff, that you may stand well clear of the throw-line. 1884 R. E. Earll Catal. Apparatus Capture Fish in No. 27. ii. 905 Throw-line with minnow hooks. 1908 19 Sept. 10/2 One day when he was fishing off the rocks with throw-lines. 1969 Oct. 148/2 With or without a throw line attached, the ring [buoy] is an easy thing to throw to a person. 2000 Apr. 17/1 A call went out for a throwline; several lines snaked out toward the paddler. 2015 (Nexis) 10 Sept. (Weekend section) 26 Another easy method [of catching blue crabs] calls for a store-bought throw line. 1862 R. Páez v. 61 Some of the men, armed with throw-nets..plunged into the midst of the finny multitude. 1931 21 Mar. (Home & Classroom Suppl.) p. ii (caption) The photograph shows the different kinds of ‘nets’ used. On the left is the throw-net. 1979 9 May 975/4 For smaller fish the locals used circular throw-nets some eight feet in diameter. 2010 (Nexis) 9 Dec. 31 If you can use a throw-net, take one and catch some live mullet baits and prawns. 1966 21 May 1/3 As for other ICBM development, he mentioned the need for bigger payloads and added power. ‘We must increase our throw-weight.’ 1982 10 May 22/1 The second stage would seek to achieve equal ceilings on ballistic missile ‘throw weight’ at less than current American levels. ‘Throw weight’ is the term used to describe the weight of the warheads which missiles can carry onto a target. 1992 27 Apr. 15/1 The Bush order does not carry much throw weight. 2005 May 151/2 He staked out the territory at the intersection of technology, financial markets, and world trade, which the foreign policy establishment, still focused on cruise missiles and throw weights, had largely ignored. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † throwv.2Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old High German druoēn , druoen (also as thruoen , troen , truen ) to suffer, to endure, probably < an ablaut variant (lengthened o -grade) of the Germanic base of Old English þrēa threat, calamity, affliction, Old Saxon thrā- (in thrāwerk suffering, pain), Old High German drawa , drōa threat, burden (see threa v. and compare also throe n.).Derivation from an ablaut grade of the base of throw v.1 has alternatively been suggested, but seems semantically less likely. With use of the Germanic base with reference to physical suffering (rather than in sense ‘threat’ or the like), perhaps compare also Old Icelandic -þrá (in líkþrá leprosy), Old Swedish -thrā- (in līkthrā-sott , in the same sense), although the etymology of the element in these words is disputed. In Old English the prefixed form geþrōwian is also attested in the senses ‘to suffer, endure, to die; to atone for; to sympathize’ (compare y- prefix); compare also aþrōwian to endure (rare; compare a- prefix1), efenþrōwian to sympathize with, feel compassion for (compare even adv.). Obsolete. the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)] the mind > emotion > suffering > suffer mental pain [verb (transitive)] OE Ælfric (Royal) (1997) i. 188 For ðy he com to us þæt he wolde for us deað þrowian [a1225 Vesp. A.xxii þrowian]. OE (2008) 2605 Geseah his mondryhten under heregriman hat þrowian. OE 93 Feallaþ ofor us, & us bewreoþ.., þæt we ne þurfon þysne ege leng þrowian æt þyssum englum. c1175 ( Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine (1993) 170 Heo moten eac þenne heom resten þæs runes and þæs ȝewinnes þe heo nu ðrowæð. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 17 He..þrouwede deð for al moncun. the mind > emotion > suffering > suffer mental pain [verb (intransitive)] OE 65 He [sc. Christ] wolde þrowian for ealra manna hæle. lOE Homily: Gospel of Nicodemus (Vesp. D.xiv) in R. D.-N. Warner (1917) 79 Bute ge us þæs Hælendes lichame gesyllen, ge sculen on yfele deaðe þrowigen. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 121 His ahȝenes þonkes he þrowede for us and binom ure sunnan. c1225 (?c1200) (Royal) (1981) l. 527 Hwi walde he þrowin as he dude, ant þolien deð on rode. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 5681 (MED) Þa þe he wes ald mon, þa com him uuel on; þat vuel hine heold stronge, ah he þreowede longe. a1325 (c1250) (1968) l. 1180 (MED) On dreme him cam tiding for-quat He ðrowede and ðolede un-timing ðat. c1390 MS Vernon Homilies in (1877) 57 299 (MED) As þis seke mon lay þrowande, A Dragun he saih. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < |
