theodoliten.

/θiːˈɒdəlʌɪt/

Forms: 1500s–1600s theodelitus, 1600s theodelite, theodolit, theodilit, 1700s theodolet, 1600s– theodolite.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown.The name, alike in the Latinized form theodelitus and the vernacular theodelite (subsequently -dolite), originated in England, and is not known in French and German until the 19th cent. Its first user, and probable inventor, L. or T. Digges, has left no account of its composition, as to which various conjectures, incompatible with its early history and use, have been offered; such is the notion that it arose in some way out of alhidada or its corruption athelida occurring in Bourne's Treasure for Travailers 1578, which is disproven by an examination of the works of Digges and Bourne, where both words occur in their proper senses. Theodelite has the look of a formation from Greek; can it have been (like many modern names of inventions) an unscholarly formation from θεάομαι ‘I view’ or θεῶ ‘behold’ and δῆλ-ος ‘visible, clear, manifest’, with a meaningless termination?]

A portable surveying instrument, originally for measuring horizontal angles, and consisting essentially of a planisphere or horizontal graduated circular plate, with an alidad or index bearing sights; subsequently variously elaborated with a telescope instead of sights, a compass, level, vernier, micrometer, and other accessories, and now often with the addition of a vertical circle or arc for the measurement of angles of altitude or depression.The original theodelitus of Digges was for horizontal angles only, and many quots. down to 19th cent. use the name in this sense; Digges also describes a compound instrument having also a vertical semicircle for taking altitudes, but he calls that his topographicall instrument, restricting the name theodelitus to the horizontal circle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > for measuring angles

theodolite?a1560

topographical instrument?a1560

plain table1607

circumferentor1610

diopter1613

plane table1670

circumferencera1687

graphometer1696

semicircle1701

transit theodolite1824

dioptric1849

planchette1858

theodolite-goniometer1909

gyro-theodolite1950

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxvii. sig. H iij The composition of the instrument called Theodelitus. It is but a circle diuided in 360..degrees, or a semicircle parted in 180 portions, and euery of those diuisions in 3 or rather 6 smaller partes... The index of that instrument with the sightes &c. are not vnlike to that whiche the square hath: In his backe prepare a vice or scrue to be fastned in the top of some staffe.

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxvii. sig. I ij [In the figure] GEFO [is] Theodelitus, GF his Alhidada or index with sightes.

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxix. sig. I j ^v Describing also within the same square the Planisphere or circle called Theodelitus.

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iii. 127 It [Circumferentor] is a new name giuen to the very Theodelite, used in a sort otherwise then the Theodelite.

1611 A. Hopton Speculum Topographicum i. vi. 27 The Theodelitus is an instrument consisting of a Planisphere and an Alhidada.

1611 A. Hopton Speculum Topographicum Table D d 2 b To take a plat at one station by the Theodelite.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. 46 Any Instrument, as the Plain Table, the Theodolit or Circumferenter.

1701 T. Tuttell Descr. Math. Instruments in J. Moxon Math. made Easie (ed. 3) 20 Theodolet, a whole Circle made of Brass, containing 360 degrees, diagonally or otherwise divided, with an Index and sights moving on the Center, and a box and Needle in the middle.

1790 W. Roy in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 80 136 It is a brass circle, three feet in diameter, and may be called a great theodolet, rendered extremely perfect.

1833 J. F. W. Herschel Astronomy ii. §155 The zenith sector and the theodolite are peculiar modifications of the altitude and azimuth instrument.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 314/2 Theodolet, or Theodolite..the name generally given to the instrument used for measuring horizontal angles.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 315/2 The problem is to measure the horizontal angle between two objects.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 316/2 If the vertical angles are to be measured as accurately as the horizontal angles, the instrument becomes an altitude and azimuth circle. [Cf. altazimuth n.]]

Compounds

theodolite-goniometer n. a goniometer with horizontal and vertical graduated circles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > for measuring angles

theodolite?a1560

topographical instrument?a1560

plain table1607

circumferentor1610

diopter1613

plane table1670

circumferencera1687

graphometer1696

semicircle1701

transit theodolite1824

dioptric1849

planchette1858

theodolite-goniometer1909

gyro-theodolite1950

1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Theodolite-goniometer.

theodolite-magnetometer n. an instrument for measuring magnetic declination, and for observations of magnetic force.

ΚΠ

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Theodolite-magnetometer.

theodolite-needle n. the needle of the compass of a theodolite.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > part of a surveying instrument > needle

theodolite-needle1820

1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions I. 333 A theodolite needle..performed ten vibrations in sixty seconds.

Derivatives

theodoˈlitic adj. of, pertaining to, done or made with a theodolite (Webster 1864).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	theodolite
释义	theodoliten. /θiːˈɒdəlʌɪt/ Forms: 1500s–1600s theodelitus, 1600s theodelite, theodolit, theodilit, 1700s theodolet, 1600s– theodolite. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown.The name, alike in the Latinized form theodelitus and the vernacular theodelite (subsequently -dolite), originated in England, and is not known in French and German until the 19th cent. Its first user, and probable inventor, L. or T. Digges, has left no account of its composition, as to which various conjectures, incompatible with its early history and use, have been offered; such is the notion that it arose in some way out of alhidada or its corruption athelida occurring in Bourne's Treasure for Travailers 1578, which is disproven by an examination of the works of Digges and Bourne, where both words occur in their proper senses. Theodelite has the look of a formation from Greek; can it have been (like many modern names of inventions) an unscholarly formation from θεάομαι ‘I view’ or θεῶ ‘behold’ and δῆλ-ος ‘visible, clear, manifest’, with a meaningless termination?] A portable surveying instrument, originally for measuring horizontal angles, and consisting essentially of a planisphere or horizontal graduated circular plate, with an alidad or index bearing sights; subsequently variously elaborated with a telescope instead of sights, a compass, level, vernier, micrometer, and other accessories, and now often with the addition of a vertical circle or arc for the measurement of angles of altitude or depression.The original theodelitus of Digges was for horizontal angles only, and many quots. down to 19th cent. use the name in this sense; Digges also describes a compound instrument having also a vertical semicircle for taking altitudes, but he calls that his topographicall instrument, restricting the name theodelitus to the horizontal circle. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > for measuring angles theodolite?a1560 topographical instrument?a1560 plain table1607 circumferentor1610 diopter1613 plane table1670 circumferencera1687 graphometer1696 semicircle1701 transit theodolite1824 dioptric1849 planchette1858 theodolite-goniometer1909 gyro-theodolite1950 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxvii. sig. H iij The composition of the instrument called Theodelitus. It is but a circle diuided in 360..degrees, or a semicircle parted in 180 portions, and euery of those diuisions in 3 or rather 6 smaller partes... The index of that instrument with the sightes &c. are not vnlike to that whiche the square hath: In his backe prepare a vice or scrue to be fastned in the top of some staffe. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxvii. sig. I ij [In the figure] GEFO [is] Theodelitus, GF his Alhidada or index with sightes. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxix. sig. I j ^v Describing also within the same square the Planisphere or circle called Theodelitus. 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iii. 127 It [Circumferentor] is a new name giuen to the very Theodelite, used in a sort otherwise then the Theodelite. 1611 A. Hopton Speculum Topographicum i. vi. 27 The Theodelitus is an instrument consisting of a Planisphere and an Alhidada. 1611 A. Hopton Speculum Topographicum Table D d 2 b To take a plat at one station by the Theodelite. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. 46 Any Instrument, as the Plain Table, the Theodolit or Circumferenter. 1701 T. Tuttell Descr. Math. Instruments in J. Moxon Math. made Easie (ed. 3) 20 Theodolet, a whole Circle made of Brass, containing 360 degrees, diagonally or otherwise divided, with an Index and sights moving on the Center, and a box and Needle in the middle. 1790 W. Roy in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 80 136 It is a brass circle, three feet in diameter, and may be called a great theodolet, rendered extremely perfect. 1833 J. F. W. Herschel Astronomy ii. §155 The zenith sector and the theodolite are peculiar modifications of the altitude and azimuth instrument. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 314/2 Theodolet, or Theodolite..the name generally given to the instrument used for measuring horizontal angles. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 315/2 The problem is to measure the horizontal angle between two objects. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 316/2 If the vertical angles are to be measured as accurately as the horizontal angles, the instrument becomes an altitude and azimuth circle. [Cf. altazimuth n.]] Compounds theodolite-goniometer n. a goniometer with horizontal and vertical graduated circles. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > for measuring angles theodolite?a1560 topographical instrument?a1560 plain table1607 circumferentor1610 diopter1613 plane table1670 circumferencera1687 graphometer1696 semicircle1701 transit theodolite1824 dioptric1849 planchette1858 theodolite-goniometer1909 gyro-theodolite1950 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Theodolite-goniometer. theodolite-magnetometer n. an instrument for measuring magnetic declination, and for observations of magnetic force. ΚΠ 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Theodolite-magnetometer. theodolite-needle n. the needle of the compass of a theodolite. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > part of a surveying instrument > needle theodolite-needle1820 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions I. 333 A theodolite needle..performed ten vibrations in sixty seconds. Derivatives theodoˈlitic adj. of, pertaining to, done or made with a theodolite (Webster 1864). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1560
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