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单词 sumptuary
释义

sumptuaryadj.n.

Brit. /ˈsʌm(p)tʃʊəri/, /ˈsʌm(p)tjʊəri/, /ˈsʌm(p)tʃᵿri/, /ˈsʌm(p)tjᵿri/, U.S. /ˈsəm(p)(t)ʃəˌwɛri/
Forms: 1600s somptuarie, 1600s sumptuarie, 1600s– sumptuary.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin sumptuārius.
Etymology: < classical Latin sumptuārius (adjective) concerned with the spending of money, (especially) designating laws limiting personal expenditure, (noun) servant in charge of household expenditure < sumptus (see sumpt n.) + -ārius -ary suffix1.Compare Middle French sumptuaire , French somptuaire (1520), Spanish suntuario (early 17th cent.), Italian sontuario (late 16th cent. or earlier). Specific collocations. In sumptuary law at sense A. 1 ultimately after classical Latin lēx sumptuāria. Compare French loi somptuaire (1520 in Middle French), Spanish ley suntuaria (1626), Italian legge sontuaria (1585 in the passage translated in quot. 1600, or earlier).
A. adj.
1. Designating a law or regulation which limits personal expenditure or consumption, esp. relating to particular items of clothing, food, or furniture, typically for the purpose of preventing extravagance or reinforcing social hierarchy. Frequently in sumptuary law. Now chiefly historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > types of laws > [noun] > sumptuary
sumptuary law1600
sumpture law1727
society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > [adjective]
sumptuary1600
disbursatory1863
1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 9 They made sumptuarie lawes [It. legge sonttuarie], and especially vpon victuals.
a1661 T. Fuller Northampton-shire in Hist. Worthies of Eng. (1662) 298 Some will wonder, that Empson and Dudley..did not catch him by the Collar, or pick an hole in his Gown, upon the breach of some rusty penal sumptuary Statute.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. iv. 37 When Sunday came, it was indeed a day of finery, which all my sumptuary edicts could not restrain.
1870 P. Fitzgerald Princ. Comedy & Dramatic Effect vii. 329 From the time of Edward IV. downwards, we find many sumptuary Acts, relating to costly dressing.
1911 Times Litarary Suppl. 12 Oct. 384/1 The Maharani of Baroda was still under the thraldom of caste sumptuary restrictions, and, refusing to take meals with Europeans, she was accompanied everywhere by an Indian cook.
2007 R. Lovegrove Silent Fields i. 24 A series of fourteenth century sumptuary laws..defined precisely who was entitled to wear the different furs.
2. Of or relating to sumptuary laws or regulations (see sense A. 1). Also more generally: of or relating to personal expenditure or consumption.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > [adjective] > types of cost or expenditure
incident1652
incidental1740
sunk1771
sumptuary1796
indirect1903
oncost1908
overhead1909
all-up1942
pass-through1952
internalized1971
1796 Crit. Rev. Dec. 575 The territorial contributions for the fifth year should be filled at 250,000,000, to be taken from the departments; and the sumptuary contributions at 50,000,000.
1863 Colburn's United Service Mag. July 359 The..diversity of peculiar manners, and sumptuary tastes, are as interesting as they are often amusing.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 642/1 Numerous ancient laws dealt with trade and sumptuary matters.
1916 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 156 The country did not feel the need of any sumptuary ideals.
2017 Times of India (Nexis) 17 Apr. There has been significant increase in sumptuary allowances too.
B. n.
1. A person responsible for expenditure. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > [noun] > one who has charge of or manages money
hoarder944
treasurerc1290
purse-bearerc1300
coffererc1330
pursera1450
boucherc1450
bowgerc1450
purse-masterc1450
thesaurer1473
expenditor1499
bowser1534
bursarya1552
bursar1587
stock-keeper1589
bag-bearer1598
bourser1685
sumptuary1789
money manager1874
investment manager1879
tizzy-snatcher1914
1789 P. Smyth tr. H. Aldrich Elements Civil Archit. i. 1 The Sumptuary [L. sumtuarius], who furnishes the expence of the building.
2. In plural. Personal possessions; esp. luxury goods. Now chiefly Anthropology.rare before 20th cent.
ΚΠ
1810 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XV. at France The present regular revenue of France is derived from a land-tax, a personal tax, a tax on moveables and sumptuaries, on houses and windows, [etc.].
1938 Internat. Directory Anthropologists 121 Research..on Inca writing, sumptuaries and musical folklore.
1950 Internat. Ref. Service (U.S. Dept. Commerce) Aug. 5/2 Articles considered to be luxuries (actually called ‘sumptuaries’).
2012 G. F. Lau Anc. Alterity in Andes iii. 60 Archaeologists..highlight material patterns which indicate ranking and differential access to resources (e.g., variability in sumptuaries, better diet, elite tombs,..etc.).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1600
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