substantia nigran.

Brit.

/səbˈstanʃə ˈnʌɪɡrə/, U.S.

/ˌsəbˈstæn(t)ʃə ˈnaɪɡrə/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin substantia nigra.

Etymology: < scientific Latin substantia nigra, literally ‘black substance’ (1809 or earlier) < classical Latin substantia substance n. + nigra , feminine of niger black (see niger n.¹).Although often attributed to S. T. Soemmerring, the earliest description of the substantia nigra was by F. Vicq d'Azyr (1786), by whom it was called (in French) tache noire and (in post-classical Latin) locus niger crurum cerebri.

Anatomy.

A large nucleus of the midbrain that contains (esp. in adult humans) a layer of dark melanin-laden cells, and is a part of the extrapyramidal motor system which is involved in Parkinson's disease and certain other disorders of movement.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > cortex > layers of grey matter

substantia nigra1809

fasciola1826

claustrum1848

putamen1877

striatum1889

indusium1890

1809 T. J. Pettigrew Views Basis Brain & Cranium 3 The Substantia Nigra is a dark coloured part situated in the Crura Cerebri.

1882 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 9) II. 315 A section into the crus cerebri shows the two parts of which it is composed to be separated from one another by a tract of dark coloured grey substance known as the substantia nigra.

1923 Brain 46 268 Post-encephalitic Parkinsonism is usually due to degeneration of the substantia nigra.

1961 Lancet 26 Aug. 446/1 A tiny old hæmorrhage in one substantia nigra, and a small periaqueductal glial scar, were the only focal lesions found.

2003 S. Greenfield Tomorrow's People (2004) iii. 50 The malfunction [in Parkinson's disease] arises in a small region deep in the brain (the substantia nigra), where key neurons manufacture an all-important chemical messenger, the transmitter dopamine.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	substantia nigra
释义	substantia nigran. Brit. /səbˈstanʃə ˈnʌɪɡrə/, U.S. /ˌsəbˈstæn(t)ʃə ˈnaɪɡrə/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin substantia nigra. Etymology: < scientific Latin substantia nigra, literally ‘black substance’ (1809 or earlier) < classical Latin substantia substance n. + nigra , feminine of niger black (see niger n.¹).Although often attributed to S. T. Soemmerring, the earliest description of the substantia nigra was by F. Vicq d'Azyr (1786), by whom it was called (in French) tache noire and (in post-classical Latin) locus niger crurum cerebri. Anatomy. A large nucleus of the midbrain that contains (esp. in adult humans) a layer of dark melanin-laden cells, and is a part of the extrapyramidal motor system which is involved in Parkinson's disease and certain other disorders of movement. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > cortex > layers of grey matter substantia nigra1809 fasciola1826 claustrum1848 putamen1877 striatum1889 indusium1890 1809 T. J. Pettigrew Views Basis Brain & Cranium 3 The Substantia Nigra is a dark coloured part situated in the Crura Cerebri. 1882 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 9) II. 315 A section into the crus cerebri shows the two parts of which it is composed to be separated from one another by a tract of dark coloured grey substance known as the substantia nigra. 1923 Brain 46 268 Post-encephalitic Parkinsonism is usually due to degeneration of the substantia nigra. 1961 Lancet 26 Aug. 446/1 A tiny old hæmorrhage in one substantia nigra, and a small periaqueductal glial scar, were the only focal lesions found. 2003 S. Greenfield Tomorrow's People (2004) iii. 50 The malfunction [in Parkinson's disease] arises in a small region deep in the brain (the substantia nigra), where key neurons manufacture an all-important chemical messenger, the transmitter dopamine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1809
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