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单词 sugar candy
释义

sugar candyn.adj.

Brit. /ˈʃʊɡə ˌkandi/, U.S. /ˈʃʊɡər ˌkændi/
Forms: late Middle English scugir candy, late Middle English sewgyr candey, late Middle English souger candy, late Middle English sugur candy, late Middle English sugure candi, late Middle English sukyr candy, late Middle English–1500s sugre candy, late Middle English–1600s suger candy, late Middle English–1700s suger candie, 1500s sugre candie, 1500s sugre candye, 1500s sugyre candy, 1500s suuger candye, 1500s–1600s sugar candie, 1500s–1600s sugar candye, 1500s–1600s suger candye, 1500s– sugar candy.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French sucre candi.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman sucre chandi and Middle French sucre candi (1256 in Old French) < Arabic sukkar qandī < sukkar sugar n. + an unattested (but regularly formed) adjective *qandī of or relating to crystallized sugar ( < qand crystallized sugar (see note) + -i suffix2); compare Persian qandī sugared, made of sugar. Compare later candy n.2, and also later sugar-candian n., sugar-candied n.Parallels in other languages. Compare Old Occitan sucre candi (14th cent.), Catalan sucre candi (15th cent.), Spanish azúcar candi (1515 as açucar candi ), Portuguese açúcar cande , açúcar-cândi (14th cent.), Italian †zucchero candi (early 14th cent.), and post-classical Latin sucrum candy (from late 14th cent. in British sources; < French), zuccarum candi (1532 or earlier), also saccharum candi (1540 or earlier), and also early modern Dutch suycker candye (1588 in Kiliaan; the usual term in modern Dutch is kandijsuiker ), Middle Low German suckerkandī , suckercandīt , German Zuckerkandis , †Zuckerkandit (both late 16th cent.). In French, candi was apparently apprehended as a past participle early on; compare the Romance parallels cited at sugar-candied n. Ulterior etymology of the Arabic word. The precise route of transmission is unclear: Arabic qand is apparently ultimately < a Dravidian language (compare Tamil kaṇṭu candied sugar, related to kaṭṭu to harden, to condense), which was also borrowed into Sanskrit as khaṇḍava , khaṇḍa candied sugar. The Indian word was probably transmitted via Persian qand ; the initial q in Persian may either show later Arabic influence, or an attempt to approximate the quality of the Dravidian initial. Possible evidence for earlier currency in English. It is unclear whether the following instance of use in a Latin context should be interpreted as showing the Middle English compound or Anglo-Norman sugre candy :1393 in L. T. Smith Exped. Prussia & Holy Land Earl Derby (1894) 219 Pro diversis speciebus..emptis..viz. croco, maces, gariofilis, sugre candy, sugre caffetin.Compare also the following (apparently isolated) example of Middle English sugre candive , with the ending apparently reflecting a French adjectival formation (compare -ive suffix):?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 457 Nabatynes powdre, þe whiche Beneuenutus maketh of sugre candyve [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. zuccare candiue] or of sugre caffatyn..mollifieth..and clenseth wiþoute peyne.
A. n.
1. Crystallized sugar made by boiling and slow evaporation; (also) a piece of this (rare before 19th cent.). brown (or †red) sugar candy: the sugar candy obtained at the first crystallization. white sugar candy: the sugar candy obtained by reboiling this and allowing it to crystallize.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > sweetener > [noun] > sugar > candied sugar
sugar candya1425
sugar-candied?1586
candy1587
candy sugar1587
sugar-candian1597
a1425 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 41 (MED) Payd for ij boxes of conserves, tryacle, and souger candy, x d.
a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 168 Whot appuls & peres with sugre Candy.
?1586 J. Partridge Widowes Treasure (new ed.) sig. Ciiii. Powre out the cleare iuice from the drosse, put there to halfe as muche redde Rose water, and a quarter of a Sponfull of white Suger candie in powder.
1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse iv. 77 If your Lordship please to walk in, we'll help you to some Brown Sugar-Candy.
1819 W. T. Brande Man. Chem. i. 4 Thus we see sugar-candy crystallized upon strings, and verdigris upon sticks.
1863 Grantham Jrnl. 22 Aug. ‘You're annoying me very much,’ said a nervous old gentleman to an urchin who was munching sugar-candies at the theatre.
1917 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Daily News 3 Jan. 16/5 A Refining House for Refining all sorts of Sugar and Sugar-Candy.
2004 Jrnl. Palestine Stud. 34 29 Formerly a policeman, he has lost his job and now sells sugar candy to camp children.
2. figurative. Something that is very sweet or pleasant. Also used as a term of endearment or affectionate form of address, esp. to a woman or child.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > [noun] > source or instance of sensuous pleasure
likingeOE
feasta1393
sensualityc1425
contentation1569
contentment1579
sugar candy1591
content1594
sugar-plum1608
contentingc1620
gratification1711
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [noun] > source of pleasure
honeycombOE
sweetness?c1225
dainty1340
sweet1377
delicec1390
lust1390
pleasancec1390
pleasingc1390
well-queema1400
well-queemnessa1400
douceurc1400
delectation?a1425
pleasure1443
pleaserc1447
delectabilitiesa1500
deliciositiesa1500
honeydew1559
delicacy1586
fancy1590
sugar candy1591
regalo1622
happiness1637
deliciousness1651
complacence1667
regalea1677
sweetener1741
bon-bon1856
Bones1869
jam1871
true love1893
nuts1910
barrel of fun (laughs, etc.)1915
G-spot1983
1591 R. Greene Farewell to Folly sig. G2v Sugar candie she is as I gesse fro the wast to the kneestead.
1591 J. Harington Briefe Apol. Poetrie in tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso sig. ¶ivjv In verse is both goodnesse and sweetnesse, Rubarb and Sugercandie, the pleasaunt and the profitable.
1699 W. Pinkethman Love without Interest iii. 17 Don't cry, Sugar-Candy, don't cry.
1818 Ld. Byron Beppo (ed. 4) lxxx. 41 Oh, for old Saturn's reign of sugar-candy!
1889 F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 94 Lord John Russell, to whom a rap at the University was always sugar-candy.
1968 J. D. Carr Papa Là-bas ii. xiv. 164 In afternoon dress and crinoline of virginal white with a design of silver fleur-de-lys, she seemed all reasonableness and sugar-candy.
2019 @gtrunner 7 Aug. in twitter.com (accessed 8 Jan. 2020) You people are crazy, acting like the government was all sugar candy and rainbows until now.
B. adj.
Extremely sweet or pleasant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > [adjective] > pleasing to the senses
lithec888
fairOE
softOE
lickerousc1275
deliciousa1325
kindlya1382
favourablea1398
kinda1398
sugared1426
feelsomea1450
agreeablec1450
comfortablec1460
favourousc1485
grateful1553
sugar candy1575
lickerish1595
savouring1595
maumy1728
tasty1796
lekker1900
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [adjective] > excessively pleasing
sugar candy1575
over-pleasing1587
1575 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 91 The goodliest suugercandye style That ever cam neere me a mile.
1602 T. Dekker Blurt Master-Constable sig. G4 No, no, my Suger-candie Mistris, your good man is not heere.
1606 Returne from Pernassus iii. iv. sig. F At the first giue him some sugar candy tearmes, and then if he will not vnty purse stringes, of his liberality, sting him with tearmes layd in aqua fortis and gun-powder.
1699 W. Winstanley Essex Champion vii. 97 Jone Grumball was so well pleased with the Sugar-Candy Words he sent unto her, that she vowed her self unto him.
1871 Boston Daily Advertiser 10 Feb. He made a very small impression by his rendering of Millard's sugar-candy song of ‘Dearest dear little Heart’.
1903 Daily Mail 4 Apr. 7/5 A dear, sweet, sugar-candy girl.
2014 @rys5a_Gonzalez 8 July in twitter.com (accessed 10 Jan. 2020) Your sugar candy smile is infectious.

Compounds

C1. As a modifier, with the sense ‘made from sugar candy’, as in sugar candy decoration, sugar-candy powder, sugar-candy stick.
ΚΠ
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 543 Take..white Sugar-candy powder one Dram and half.
1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 77 This same Tool of his, is but a meer Sugar-candy Stick, in Comparison to his Cat of Nine-Tails.
1838 Figaro in London 10 Mar. 41/2 He had actually purchased a coffee-mill, and a glass jar for sugar-candy sticks.
1959 Independent Record (Helena, Montana) 19 Oct. 3/2 Individual ice cream servings, trimmed with attractive Halloween sugar candy decorations.
1992 M. G. Monfredo Seneca Falls Inheritance xxi. 147 Sponge cake filled with rich custard and ornamented with whipped-cream frosting and sugar-candy flowers.
2016 Times & Transcript (New Brunswick) (Nexis) 21 Dec. a9 Christmas is the season of sugar-candy canes.
C2. As a modifier in (chiefly British) regional names for certain crystalline minerals, as in sugar candy spar, sugar candy stone. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) Index 148/1 Brown Sugar-Candy Spar.
1755 B. Martin Nat. Hist. Dorsetshire 43 in Gen. Mag. Arts & Sci. In some Quarries, on the South-west Part of the Island [sc. the Isle of Portland], there is found a Sort of Stone, which they call (with good Reason) the Sugar-candy-Stone, of which there are two Sorts, viz. one pale, like white Sugar-candy; and the other of an Amber-colour, like the brown Sugar-candy.
1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 92 A white candied, or pellucid Crystal, commonly termed a White Sugar Candy (Spar) Crystal.
a1869 G. V. Du Noyer in B. H. Blacker Brief Sketches Parishes Booterstown & Donnybrook (1870) App. III. 263 In some places the carbonate of lime in the rock has given place to carbonate of magnesia, which affords those beautiful crystals, locally called ‘sugar candy stone’, from their clearness and colour.
1876 H. B. Woodward Geol. Eng. & Wales 204 The beds at Portland and Tisbury contain beautiful yellow crystals of sulphate of barytes (sugar candy stone).
1905 F. W. Rudler Handbk. Coll. Minerals Brit. Islands 98 Some of the specimens [of calcite]..possess a yellow colour, which has often suggested to quarrymen the name of sugar candy spar.

Derivatives

sugar-ˈcandyish adj. rare resembling sugar candy; (chiefly figurative) sweet, pleasant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sweetness > [adjective]
sweetc888
sootc950
doucea1350
sweetlya1350
softa1398
lusciousc1420
dulcet1440
mellite?1440
sugarishc1450
dulce1508
ambrosiana1522
figgy?1549
nut-sweet1586
nectaredc1595
dulcid1596
marmalady1602
fat1610
unsharp1611
unsour1611
marmalade1617
dulcorous1676
dulceous1688
saccharaceous1689
sugar-candyish1852
saccharic1945
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [adjective] > honeyed, mellifluous, or luscious
honeyfula1400
honeyed1435
mellifluous?a1475
sugarc1530
sweetful1589
sugary1591
honeysome1593
sweet-seasoned1609
sugar-candied1623
creamya1640
luscious1651
saccharine1841
mouth-watering1847
sugar-candyish1852
goluptious1856
yummy1899
1852 Househ. Words 29 May 250/1 A Madonna with a concentrated sugar-candyish sweetness of expression.
1874 B. Disraeli Let. Aug. in Lett. to Lady Bradford (1929) I. vii. 135 Her manners not only sugary but sugar-candyish.
1927 J. Masefield Midnight Folk 172 A bowl of raspberries and cream with blobs of sugar-candyish brown sugar.
1962 E. R. Braithwaite Paid Servant (1963) ix. 185 In the bright spring sunshine there was a sugar-candyish look about the smooth, clean street.
2000 J. Glancey Story Archit. 88/2 A dreamy, creamy extension of Baroque at its most sugar-candyish, Rococo was the final flourish of an increasingly fantastic and whimsical architecture.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.adj.a1425
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