subliminaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˌsʌbˈlɪmᵻnl/,

/səˈblɪmᵻnl/, U.S.

/səˈblɪmən(ə)l/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: sub- prefix, liminal adj.

Etymology: < sub- prefix + liminal adj., after either German unterschwellig (1876 or earlier) or German subliminal (1879 or earlier).German unterschwellig is < unter- under- prefix¹ + Schwelle threshold (see sill n.¹) + -ig -y suffix¹. Compare earlier unter der Schwelle des Bewusstseins ‘below the threshold of consciousness’ ( J. F. Herbart Psychologie als Wissenschaft (1824) i. §47).

A. adj.

a. Physiology. Of a sensory stimulus or sensory stimulation: below the threshold (limen) required for conscious perception. Also (more generally): below the threshold required to elicit a response. Cf. supraliminal adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [adjective]

subconscious1834

subliminal1883

subliminal1886

marginal1894

1883 Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 1882–3 1 258 Heidenhain himself never suggests that the weak and monotonous stimulation which induces the hypnotic state can be so weak as not to reach the threshold of consciousness; and it seems incredible that such sub-liminal stimulation should suffice to bring about the local anæsthesia which (when produced, as above described, without suggestion) is a far rarer phenomenon than the general hypnotic state.

1906 C. S. Sherrington Integrative Action Nerv. Syst. (1911) vi. 184 A subliminal stimulus applied at a point A will render a subliminal stimulus applied at a point B near A supraliminal if the second stimulus follow within a short time.

1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 658/2 A large part of the ESP experiments are so ill-controlled or ill-recorded that we cannot be sure that such simple mechanisms as perception via subliminal sensory cues have not been excluded.

1996 W. Shatner Return xlv. 323 Except for the almost subliminal hum of the air circulators, Captain Simm's austere ready room was silent.

2004 Neurosci. Lett. 370 71/2 As long as deviations remain below detection threshold, both groups perform almost equally in reflecting the minute (subliminal) stimulus deviations in their behavior.

b. Subconscious; of or relating to the subconscious. Esp. in subliminal self.Particularly associated with the psychological theories of F. W. H. Myers (1843–1901).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [adjective]

subconscious1834

subliminal1883

subliminal1886

marginal1894

1886 J. Ward in Encycl. Brit. XX. 48/1 Even if there were no facts to warrant this conception of a subliminal presentation of impressions and ideas.

1891 Daily Inter Ocean (Chicago) 2 Nov. 9/4 One of the theories is that there is a subconsciousness or subliminal self that carries on thought processes unknown to the ordinary consciousness.

1902 F. Podmore Mod. Spiritualism II. 31 The extraordinary outburst of subliminal or automatic activity.

1912 G. Burgess Master of Myst. 166 And you think he has a subliminal self, a sort of psychic alarm clock, that telephones to his waking personality? Nonsense!

1928 H. G. Baynes & C. F. Baynes tr. C. G. Jung Two Ess. Anal. Psychol. v. 67 The personal unconscious, of which I also speak as the ‘subconscious’, in contrast to the absolute or collective unconscious, contains forgotten memories, suppressed..painful ideas..apperceptions sometimes described as below the threshold (subliminal).

2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 223/1 Myers believed that spiritualist phenomena had their origin in the ‘subliminal consciousness’ and that many psychic abilities..derived from this neglected level of the mind.

2. Used in various collocations relating to exploitation of the idea that people can be unconsciously influenced or taught by messages or other stimuli projected just below the threshold of awareness, as subliminal advertising, subliminal message, subliminal teaching, etc.The idea of influencing people in this way became the subject of public controversy in 1957 following the announcement by the market researcher James Vicary (1915–77) that the insertion of advertising messages lasting a fraction of a second into a film shown at a cinema in Fort Lee, New Jersey, had been found to increase sales of the products advertised; however, it was later disclosed that no such experiment had been carried out, and the effectiveness of such methods in influencing behaviour remains a matter of debate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [adjective] > aimed at the subconscious

subliminal1957

1957 Wall St. Jrnl. 13 Sept. 1/4 The creator of what has been dubbed ‘subliminal advertising’ is James M. Vicary.

1957 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 29 Sept. (TV Week section) 3/1 The season is yet young and already it has come up with subliminal projection otherwise known as the invisible commercial.

1957 Lowell (Mass.) Sunday Sun 3 Nov. v. 25/1 Subliminal teaching is the impartation of knowledge, appreciation, or a skill without the subjects being aware that they are exposed to a learning process.

1957 Technology Nov. 334/4 ‘Subliminal’ propaganda—briefly flashing a suggestion on a cinema or television screen for subconscious observation.

1968 Punch 23 Oct. 563/1 Won't it [sc. the Government] use every trick in the book—including subliminal TV appeals and pressures—to make us buy more and more?

1981 Pop. Mech. Dec. 202/1 (advt.) SCWL subliminal tapes—the newest behavioral science techniques available.

1991 J. T. Richardson in J. T. Richardson et al. Satanism Scare xii. 212 The new theory claimed that subliminal messages were embedded in the music and that these messages were a major cause of the young men's actions.

2003 S. Brown Free Gift Inside! 277 Unless, of course, there are subliminal embeds in mainstream marketing textbooks.

B. n.

1. Usually with the. That which is subliminal (in sense A. 1); the subliminal self.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [noun]

subliminal1892

1892 F. W. H. Myers in Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 8 455 A little anecdote of M. Binet's..may serve to illustrate how very slight a dip into the subliminal is enough to metamorphose a very commonplace perception.

1938 G. N. M. Tyrrell Sci. & Psychical Phenomena xxi. 307 If we say that this knowledge was acquired by the subliminal of the medium, why not say that all the knowledge manifested by communicators was similarly acquired?

2000 Nassau Guardian 23 Nov. 20/1 It will be like an odyssey with lights, music, dancing—a total effect like you have never seen or experienced... It will tease your subliminal.

2. A subliminal message; an advertisement or recording containing such a message. Cf. sense A. 2.

ΚΠ

1957 Sun (Baltimore) 29 Sept. a17/2 He'd be a pushover for even a badly done subliminal... Every time one of these subliminals would dart under his threshold and lodge in his unconscious he'd be on his feet, heading for the popcorn.

1976 D. Koontz Night Chills (1983) 40 If you don't drink gin or don't like to drink at all, subliminals in the Gilbey's ad won't make you run out to the liquor store.

1987 Working Mother Jan. 89/1 (advt.) The subliminals have the regular audible verbal message on one side and the same message carried subliminally on the other side.

1991 Pop. Sci. Mar. 101/2 (advt.) Incredible videos feature 2 kinds of hypnosis & 2 kinds of subliminals.

1999 P. Banyard Controv. in Psychol. iii. 60 The jury is out on the effectiveness of subliminal advertisements... There was enough concern about subliminals, however, to ensure they were banned in both the USA and the UK.

2009 R. A. Bastarache Self-hypnosis Bk. iv. 73 When making a subliminal..you raise the background music to mask your voice so that the words cannot be easily heard.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	subliminal
释义	subliminaladj.n. Brit. /ˌsʌbˈlɪmᵻnl/, /səˈblɪmᵻnl/, U.S. /səˈblɪmən(ə)l/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: sub- prefix, liminal adj. Etymology: < sub- prefix + liminal adj., after either German unterschwellig (1876 or earlier) or German subliminal (1879 or earlier).German unterschwellig is < unter- under- prefix¹ + Schwelle threshold (see sill n.¹) + -ig -y suffix¹. Compare earlier unter der Schwelle des Bewusstseins ‘below the threshold of consciousness’ ( J. F. Herbart Psychologie als Wissenschaft (1824) i. §47). A. adj. 1. a. Physiology. Of a sensory stimulus or sensory stimulation: below the threshold (limen) required for conscious perception. Also (more generally): below the threshold required to elicit a response. Cf. supraliminal adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [adjective] subconscious1834 subliminal1883 subliminal1886 marginal1894 1883 Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 1882–3 1 258 Heidenhain himself never suggests that the weak and monotonous stimulation which induces the hypnotic state can be so weak as not to reach the threshold of consciousness; and it seems incredible that such sub-liminal stimulation should suffice to bring about the local anæsthesia which (when produced, as above described, without suggestion) is a far rarer phenomenon than the general hypnotic state. 1906 C. S. Sherrington Integrative Action Nerv. Syst. (1911) vi. 184 A subliminal stimulus applied at a point A will render a subliminal stimulus applied at a point B near A supraliminal if the second stimulus follow within a short time. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 658/2 A large part of the ESP experiments are so ill-controlled or ill-recorded that we cannot be sure that such simple mechanisms as perception via subliminal sensory cues have not been excluded. 1996 W. Shatner Return xlv. 323 Except for the almost subliminal hum of the air circulators, Captain Simm's austere ready room was silent. 2004 Neurosci. Lett. 370 71/2 As long as deviations remain below detection threshold, both groups perform almost equally in reflecting the minute (subliminal) stimulus deviations in their behavior. b. Subconscious; of or relating to the subconscious. Esp. in subliminal self.Particularly associated with the psychological theories of F. W. H. Myers (1843–1901). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [adjective] subconscious1834 subliminal1883 subliminal1886 marginal1894 1886 J. Ward in Encycl. Brit. XX. 48/1 Even if there were no facts to warrant this conception of a subliminal presentation of impressions and ideas. 1891 Daily Inter Ocean (Chicago) 2 Nov. 9/4 One of the theories is that there is a subconsciousness or subliminal self that carries on thought processes unknown to the ordinary consciousness. 1902 F. Podmore Mod. Spiritualism II. 31 The extraordinary outburst of subliminal or automatic activity. 1912 G. Burgess Master of Myst. 166 And you think he has a subliminal self, a sort of psychic alarm clock, that telephones to his waking personality? Nonsense! 1928 H. G. Baynes & C. F. Baynes tr. C. G. Jung Two Ess. Anal. Psychol. v. 67 The personal unconscious, of which I also speak as the ‘subconscious’, in contrast to the absolute or collective unconscious, contains forgotten memories, suppressed..painful ideas..apperceptions sometimes described as below the threshold (subliminal). 2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 223/1 Myers believed that spiritualist phenomena had their origin in the ‘subliminal consciousness’ and that many psychic abilities..derived from this neglected level of the mind. 2. Used in various collocations relating to exploitation of the idea that people can be unconsciously influenced or taught by messages or other stimuli projected just below the threshold of awareness, as subliminal advertising, subliminal message, subliminal teaching, etc.The idea of influencing people in this way became the subject of public controversy in 1957 following the announcement by the market researcher James Vicary (1915–77) that the insertion of advertising messages lasting a fraction of a second into a film shown at a cinema in Fort Lee, New Jersey, had been found to increase sales of the products advertised; however, it was later disclosed that no such experiment had been carried out, and the effectiveness of such methods in influencing behaviour remains a matter of debate. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [adjective] > aimed at the subconscious subliminal1957 1957 Wall St. Jrnl. 13 Sept. 1/4 The creator of what has been dubbed ‘subliminal advertising’ is James M. Vicary. 1957 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 29 Sept. (TV Week section) 3/1 The season is yet young and already it has come up with subliminal projection otherwise known as the invisible commercial. 1957 Lowell (Mass.) Sunday Sun 3 Nov. v. 25/1 Subliminal teaching is the impartation of knowledge, appreciation, or a skill without the subjects being aware that they are exposed to a learning process. 1957 Technology Nov. 334/4 ‘Subliminal’ propaganda—briefly flashing a suggestion on a cinema or television screen for subconscious observation. 1968 Punch 23 Oct. 563/1 Won't it [sc. the Government] use every trick in the book—including subliminal TV appeals and pressures—to make us buy more and more? 1981 Pop. Mech. Dec. 202/1 (advt.) SCWL subliminal tapes—the newest behavioral science techniques available. 1991 J. T. Richardson in J. T. Richardson et al. Satanism Scare xii. 212 The new theory claimed that subliminal messages were embedded in the music and that these messages were a major cause of the young men's actions. 2003 S. Brown Free Gift Inside! 277 Unless, of course, there are subliminal embeds in mainstream marketing textbooks. B. n. 1. Usually with the. That which is subliminal (in sense A. 1); the subliminal self. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > states of consciousness > subliminal self > [noun] subliminal1892 1892 F. W. H. Myers in Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 8 455 A little anecdote of M. Binet's..may serve to illustrate how very slight a dip into the subliminal is enough to metamorphose a very commonplace perception. 1938 G. N. M. Tyrrell Sci. & Psychical Phenomena xxi. 307 If we say that this knowledge was acquired by the subliminal of the medium, why not say that all the knowledge manifested by communicators was similarly acquired? 2000 Nassau Guardian 23 Nov. 20/1 It will be like an odyssey with lights, music, dancing—a total effect like you have never seen or experienced... It will tease your subliminal. 2. A subliminal message; an advertisement or recording containing such a message. Cf. sense A. 2. ΚΠ 1957 Sun (Baltimore) 29 Sept. a17/2 He'd be a pushover for even a badly done subliminal... Every time one of these subliminals would dart under his threshold and lodge in his unconscious he'd be on his feet, heading for the popcorn. 1976 D. Koontz Night Chills (1983) 40 If you don't drink gin or don't like to drink at all, subliminals in the Gilbey's ad won't make you run out to the liquor store. 1987 Working Mother Jan. 89/1 (advt.) The subliminals have the regular audible verbal message on one side and the same message carried subliminally on the other side. 1991 Pop. Sci. Mar. 101/2 (advt.) Incredible videos feature 2 kinds of hypnosis & 2 kinds of subliminals. 1999 P. Banyard Controv. in Psychol. iii. 60 The jury is out on the effectiveness of subliminal advertisements... There was enough concern about subliminals, however, to ensure they were banned in both the USA and the UK. 2009 R. A. Bastarache Self-hypnosis Bk. iv. 73 When making a subliminal..you raise the background music to mask your voice so that the words cannot be easily heard. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1883
随便看	bacchanalism bacchanalization bacchanalize bacchanals bacchant bacchante bacchantes bacchantic bacchants bacchar bacchation bacchean bacchiac bacchian bacchic bacchical bacchiccer bacchiccest bacchicer bacchicest bacchii bacchius bacchus bacchus' dew bacchus-bole