Spaniardn.

Brit.

/ˈspanjəd/, U.S.

/ˈspænjərd/

Forms: α. Middle English Spaignarde, Spaynard(e, -erde, Spaynnarde, 1500s Spaynerd; Middle English Spayneyarde, 1500s Spaynyard (Scottish -ȝard), Spainierd (Scottish -ȝerd, -ȝeard). β. Middle English Scottish Spanȝeart, 1500s Spanyard(e, Scottish -ȝard), 1500s–1600s Spanyard, 1500s– Spaniard.

Etymology: < Old French Espaignart, Espaniard, < Espaigne Spain n.: see -ard suffix. So Middle High German Span(n)igerd.

1. A native of Spain; a member of the Spanish people. Also (with the): the Spanish people regarded collectively; the Spanish nation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Spain

Spainola1375

Spaniela1387

Spaniardc1400

Spaniardo1598

diegoc1611

Don1612

hombre1630

caballero1749

Spanisher1910

α.

c1400 Brut cxcvii. 220 Þe grete lordes..were mellede wiþ oþere nacions,..somme Frenchemen, somme Normans, somme Spaignardes.

c1420 Contin. Brut ccxxxv. 325 In þis comyng oppon of þe Spaynardes, all þe Englissh men..were take or slayn.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii The spaynard was wonderly wrothe.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 73 That maist ancient toung of the alde Spaynȝards.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 130 Against the spaynerds of portugal.

β. 1491 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 179 To the Spanȝeartis that dansyt before the Kyng.a1529 J. Skelton Why come ye nat to Courte (?1545) 921 Our nobles are gone Amonge the Burgonyons, and Spanyardes onyons.1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. in Wks. (1884) I. 175 The Spanyard..will bee aduised before he entangle himselfe with more warres attonce.1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 164 Who entertained a very hot skirmish with the Spaniards.1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. viii. 325 The poore Indians..profest they would not go to heaven if any Spaniards were there.1713 J. Addison Late Tryal Count Tariff §22 He found him a true Spaniard, nothing but show and beggary.1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II I. i. 10 He was too much a Spaniard to relish anything that was not Spanish.1832 T. B. Macaulay Armada 39 Far on the deep the Spaniard saw..those twinkling points of fire.1891 W. W. Skeat Princ. Eng. Etymol. 2nd Ser. 317 The real place of meeting between the Englishman and the Spaniard was in the western world and on the open sea.

2. A Spanish ship or vessel.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels from specific country or region > [noun] > from other specific countries or regions

Frenchman1473

Spaniard1537

Easterling1563

Flemingc1595

Levantisco1597

Burgundian1601

Irishman1645

Japanner1719

Bermudian1769

American1782

Swede1799

Australian1850

Liberian1971

1537 High Court of Admiralty Exam. i. No. 174 Seeing a ship coming somewhat rome with theym,..Mr. Payne toke it ffor a Spanyard.

1689 in Cal. Treas. Papers I. Pref. 37 The French has taken 5 Dutch West Indiamen,..also a very rich Spaniard that came from Portabello.

1710 London Gaz. No. 4710/3 This Day sailed a Spaniard for Amsterdam.

1761 Ann. Reg., Chron. 157/1 Near the Spaniard below the Nore.

1806 A. Duncan Life Nelson 36 The Spaniard's mizen-mast fell.

1908 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Apr. 1/3 To be told at breakfast..that ‘a Spaniard’ was on the rocks.

a. The New Zealand plant Aciphylla Colensoi, characterized by its long prickly grass-like leaves; New Zealand bayonet- or spear-grass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > non-British plants or herbs > [noun] > Australasian > other Australian plants

lechenaultia1814

spear-grass1847

Spaniard1851

acroclinium1852

fuchsia1866

scrub vine1866

bayonet grass1868

Scotchman1872

Queensland hemp1876

Spanish soldier1901

bindi-eye1911

scab weed1927

1851 in R. B. Paul Lett. fr. Canterb. (1857) 108 The country through which I have passed has been most savage, one mass of Spaniards and spear grass.

1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 287 Carefully avoiding contact with the long-armed leaves of Spaniards.

b. A species of sallow or willow (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > willow and allies > [noun] > other types of willow

red willow1547

water willow1583

goat's willow1597

rose willow1597

sweet willow1597

French willow1601

siler1607

palm-withy1609

sallowie1610

swallowtail willow1626

willow bay1650

black willow1670

crack-willow1670

grey willow1697

water sallow1761

almond willowa1763

swallow-tailed willow1764

swamp willow1765

golden osier1772

golden willow1772

purple willow1773

sand-willow1786

goat willow1787

purple osier1797

whipcord1812

Arctic willow1818

sage-willow1846

pussy willow1851

Kilmarnock willow1854

sweet-bay willow1857

pussy1858

palm willow1869

Spaniard1871

ground-willow1875

Spanish willow1875

snap-willow1880

diamond willow1884

sandbar willow1884

pussy palm1886

creeping willow1894

bat-willow1907

cricket bat willow1907

silver willow1914

1871 W. Scaling Salix or Willow (ed. 2) Descr. Cat. 5 Salix Legustriana, known as Common Spaniard.

1875 Encycl. Brit. III. 422/1 In the third class, which are known in the trade as ‘Spaniards’ or Spanish willows, are included about thirty varieties which are classed under Salix amygdalina.

1875 Encycl. Brit. III. 422/1 The ‘Spaniards’ comprise some of the most useful basket-willows.

c. The jack-spaniard (see Jack n.² Compounds 3).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > the wasps > superfamily Vespoidea (hornets) > member of

marabunta1822

jack spaniard1833

Spaniard1909

1909 in Cent. Dict. Suppl.

Compounds

C1.

a. General attributive, as Spaniard governor, Spaniard ship, etc.

ΚΠ

1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 27 Paid..to the Bote~swayne of a Spaynard ship.

1488 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 79 iij Spaynard Shippes.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 114 The Spaniard Governor order'd two Muskets to be fir'd without Ball, to alarm them.

1893 K. Deighton in T. B. Macauley Lord Clive (Notes) 95 The market-place at Mexico, for its vast size,..and the perfection of its arrangement, was such as the Spaniard soldiers had never seen.

2008 M. R. Ash Of Faith & Reason liv. 94 When Spaniard soldiers were captured by the Aztecs, the warriors would cut off their victims' arms.

b. Objective, as Spaniard-aping, Spaniard-hunting, etc.

ΚΠ

1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxv He asked them whether they would go Spaniard-hunting with him.

1897 A. W. Jose Growth of Empire ii. 26 The crews of his emigrant ships thought of nothing but gold and Spaniard-fighting.

1913 N.E.D. at Spaniard Spaniard-aping.

C2.

Spaniard's beard n. Spanish beard.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > Spanish moss

long moss1697

black moss1709

old man's beard1756

Tillandsia1759

Spanish beard1763

Spanish moss1823

longbeard1832

death moss1838

tree-beard1861

Spaniard's beard1880

Florida moss1888

1880 R. L. Stevenson in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 648 Long aisles of pine-trees hung with Spaniard's Beard.

1947 Louisiana 621 Spanish moss, which the Spaniards called ‘Frenchmen's wig’, and the French, ‘Spaniard's beard’.

Derivatives

Spaniarˈdess n. a Spanish woman.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Spain > woman

señorita1823

Spaniardess1880

1880 J. Prior Three Shots from Popgun 143 Quoth Don Fernando, the Spaniard, concerning Donna Isabella the Spaniardess.

1931 O. Nash Hard Lines 93 The bashful Spaniardess apparently finds the amorous Spaniard..menacing to her virtue.

ˈSpaniardism n. Spanish methods or practice.

ΚΠ

1880 Daily News 6 May 5/8 We combat..that Spaniardism he has ushered in.

1919 W. A. Gillespie tr. V. B. Ibáñez Shadow of Cathedral vi. 188 Philip II. clothed himself with a false Spaniardism to continue the German policy of his father.

ˌSpaniardiˈzation n. the making of a place or thing Spanish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [noun] > making

Spaniardization1899

1899 Westm. Gaz. 29 Sept. 2/3 Signs of the Spaniardisation of Sloane-street.

2008 Flemish Masters 48/1 Due to the process of ‘spaniardization’ imposed by the political situation..many Spanish clergymen were sent to Sardinia.

ˈSpaniardize v. transitive to make Spanish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [verb (transitive)]

Hispaniolize1583

Hispanize1602

Spanishify1612

Espanolize1630

Hispaniolate1860

Spaniardize1872

Hispanicize1878

1872 Family Treasury 73/2 Anxious, not merely to give him pleasure, but also to ‘Spaniardize’ him, as the phrase ran, in every possible way.

2003 C. A. Montaner Twisted Roots i. 14 A set of provisions designed to ‘Christianize‘ and ‘Spaniardize’ the Indians.

ˈSpaniardizing adj. and n.

ΚΠ

1886 J. A. Symonds Catholic Reaction in Renaissance in Italy (1898) VII. xi. 183 Italian society..beneath the shadow of a score of Spaniardising princelings.

1898 Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Jan. 5/1 The conquest of Mexico was a great deed, but its subsequent Spaniardizing from that day to this is a still greater triumph.

Spaniard-like adj.

ΚΠ

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Xi Spanyerdlike [she] was as careles as he.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Espagnolé,..made Spanish, or Spaniard-like.

1727 D. Defoe Evident Advantages Great Brit. ii. 15 Accepting of a Draught of cold Water from the Samaritan, with whom the Jews (Spaniard-like) had no Dealings.

1822 European Mag. Dec. 547/1 This reverend prelate..uttered the most priest-like, Spaniard-like words that ever I heard.

1918 P. Casey Wolf-cub To clinch the argument, he added, Spaniard-like, ‘I am utterly brave myself.’

ˈSpaniardly adv. in a manner typical of the Spanish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [adverb]

Spanishlya1641

Spaniardly1909

1909 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies (1910) 42 De Avila..very Spaniardly hung them all for heretics.

ˈSpaniardship n. used as a mock title in speaking of a Spanish person.

ΚΠ

1734 H. Fielding Don Quixote in Eng. i. i. 2 If your Master does not pay me, I shall lay his Spaniardship fast in a Place, which [etc.].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	spaniard
释义	Spaniardn. Brit. /ˈspanjəd/, U.S. /ˈspænjərd/ Forms: α. Middle English Spaignarde, Spaynard(e, -erde, Spaynnarde, 1500s Spaynerd; Middle English Spayneyarde, 1500s Spaynyard (Scottish -ȝard), Spainierd (Scottish -ȝerd, -ȝeard). β. Middle English Scottish Spanȝeart, 1500s Spanyard(e, Scottish -ȝard), 1500s–1600s Spanyard, 1500s– Spaniard. Etymology: < Old French Espaignart, Espaniard, < Espaigne Spain n.: see -ard suffix. So Middle High German Span(n)igerd. 1. A native of Spain; a member of the Spanish people. Also (with the): the Spanish people regarded collectively; the Spanish nation. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Spain Spainola1375 Spaniela1387 Spaniardc1400 Spaniardo1598 diegoc1611 Don1612 hombre1630 caballero1749 Spanisher1910 α. c1400 Brut cxcvii. 220 Þe grete lordes..were mellede wiþ oþere nacions,..somme Frenchemen, somme Normans, somme Spaignardes. c1420 Contin. Brut ccxxxv. 325 In þis comyng oppon of þe Spaynardes, all þe Englissh men..were take or slayn. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii The spaynard was wonderly wrothe. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 73 That maist ancient toung of the alde Spaynȝards. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 130 Against the spaynerds of portugal. β. 1491 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 179 To the Spanȝeartis that dansyt before the Kyng.a1529 J. Skelton Why come ye nat to Courte (?1545) 921 Our nobles are gone Amonge the Burgonyons, and Spanyardes onyons.1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. in Wks. (1884) I. 175 The Spanyard..will bee aduised before he entangle himselfe with more warres attonce.1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 164 Who entertained a very hot skirmish with the Spaniards.1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. viii. 325 The poore Indians..profest they would not go to heaven if any Spaniards were there.1713 J. Addison Late Tryal Count Tariff §22 He found him a true Spaniard, nothing but show and beggary.1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II I. i. 10 He was too much a Spaniard to relish anything that was not Spanish.1832 T. B. Macaulay Armada 39 Far on the deep the Spaniard saw..those twinkling points of fire.1891 W. W. Skeat Princ. Eng. Etymol. 2nd Ser. 317 The real place of meeting between the Englishman and the Spaniard was in the western world and on the open sea. 2. A Spanish ship or vessel. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels from specific country or region > [noun] > from other specific countries or regions Frenchman1473 Spaniard1537 Easterling1563 Flemingc1595 Levantisco1597 Burgundian1601 Irishman1645 Japanner1719 Bermudian1769 American1782 Swede1799 Australian1850 Liberian1971 1537 High Court of Admiralty Exam. i. No. 174 Seeing a ship coming somewhat rome with theym,..Mr. Payne toke it ffor a Spanyard. 1689 in Cal. Treas. Papers I. Pref. 37 The French has taken 5 Dutch West Indiamen,..also a very rich Spaniard that came from Portabello. 1710 London Gaz. No. 4710/3 This Day sailed a Spaniard for Amsterdam. 1761 Ann. Reg., Chron. 157/1 Near the Spaniard below the Nore. 1806 A. Duncan Life Nelson 36 The Spaniard's mizen-mast fell. 1908 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Apr. 1/3 To be told at breakfast..that ‘a Spaniard’ was on the rocks. 3. a. The New Zealand plant Aciphylla Colensoi, characterized by its long prickly grass-like leaves; New Zealand bayonet- or spear-grass. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > non-British plants or herbs > [noun] > Australasian > other Australian plants lechenaultia1814 spear-grass1847 Spaniard1851 acroclinium1852 fuchsia1866 scrub vine1866 bayonet grass1868 Scotchman1872 Queensland hemp1876 Spanish soldier1901 bindi-eye1911 scab weed1927 1851 in R. B. Paul Lett. fr. Canterb. (1857) 108 The country through which I have passed has been most savage, one mass of Spaniards and spear grass. 1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 287 Carefully avoiding contact with the long-armed leaves of Spaniards. b. A species of sallow or willow (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > willow and allies > [noun] > other types of willow red willow1547 water willow1583 goat's willow1597 rose willow1597 sweet willow1597 French willow1601 siler1607 palm-withy1609 sallowie1610 swallowtail willow1626 willow bay1650 black willow1670 crack-willow1670 grey willow1697 water sallow1761 almond willowa1763 swallow-tailed willow1764 swamp willow1765 golden osier1772 golden willow1772 purple willow1773 sand-willow1786 goat willow1787 purple osier1797 whipcord1812 Arctic willow1818 sage-willow1846 pussy willow1851 Kilmarnock willow1854 sweet-bay willow1857 pussy1858 palm willow1869 Spaniard1871 ground-willow1875 Spanish willow1875 snap-willow1880 diamond willow1884 sandbar willow1884 pussy palm1886 creeping willow1894 bat-willow1907 cricket bat willow1907 silver willow1914 1871 W. Scaling Salix or Willow (ed. 2) Descr. Cat. 5 Salix Legustriana, known as Common Spaniard. 1875 Encycl. Brit. III. 422/1 In the third class, which are known in the trade as ‘Spaniards’ or Spanish willows, are included about thirty varieties which are classed under Salix amygdalina. 1875 Encycl. Brit. III. 422/1 The ‘Spaniards’ comprise some of the most useful basket-willows. c. The jack-spaniard (see Jack n.² Compounds 3). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > the wasps > superfamily Vespoidea (hornets) > member of marabunta1822 jack spaniard1833 Spaniard1909 1909 in Cent. Dict. Suppl. Compounds C1. a. General attributive, as Spaniard governor, Spaniard ship, etc. ΚΠ 1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 27 Paid..to the Bote~swayne of a Spaynard ship. 1488 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 79 iij Spaynard Shippes. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 114 The Spaniard Governor order'd two Muskets to be fir'd without Ball, to alarm them. 1893 K. Deighton in T. B. Macauley Lord Clive (Notes) 95 The market-place at Mexico, for its vast size,..and the perfection of its arrangement, was such as the Spaniard soldiers had never seen. 2008 M. R. Ash Of Faith & Reason liv. 94 When Spaniard soldiers were captured by the Aztecs, the warriors would cut off their victims' arms. b. Objective, as Spaniard-aping, Spaniard-hunting, etc. ΚΠ 1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxv He asked them whether they would go Spaniard-hunting with him. 1897 A. W. Jose Growth of Empire ii. 26 The crews of his emigrant ships thought of nothing but gold and Spaniard-fighting. 1913 N.E.D. at Spaniard Spaniard-aping. C2. Spaniard's beard n. Spanish beard. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > Spanish moss long moss1697 black moss1709 old man's beard1756 Tillandsia1759 Spanish beard1763 Spanish moss1823 longbeard1832 death moss1838 tree-beard1861 Spaniard's beard1880 Florida moss1888 1880 R. L. Stevenson in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 648 Long aisles of pine-trees hung with Spaniard's Beard. 1947 Louisiana 621 Spanish moss, which the Spaniards called ‘Frenchmen's wig’, and the French, ‘Spaniard's beard’. Derivatives Spaniarˈdess n. a Spanish woman. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Spain > woman señorita1823 Spaniardess1880 1880 J. Prior Three Shots from Popgun 143 Quoth Don Fernando, the Spaniard, concerning Donna Isabella the Spaniardess. 1931 O. Nash Hard Lines 93 The bashful Spaniardess apparently finds the amorous Spaniard..menacing to her virtue. ˈSpaniardism n. Spanish methods or practice. ΚΠ 1880 Daily News 6 May 5/8 We combat..that Spaniardism he has ushered in. 1919 W. A. Gillespie tr. V. B. Ibáñez Shadow of Cathedral vi. 188 Philip II. clothed himself with a false Spaniardism to continue the German policy of his father. ˌSpaniardiˈzation n. the making of a place or thing Spanish. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [noun] > making Spaniardization1899 1899 Westm. Gaz. 29 Sept. 2/3 Signs of the Spaniardisation of Sloane-street. 2008 Flemish Masters 48/1 Due to the process of ‘spaniardization’ imposed by the political situation..many Spanish clergymen were sent to Sardinia. ˈSpaniardize v. transitive to make Spanish. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [verb (transitive)] Hispaniolize1583 Hispanize1602 Spanishify1612 Espanolize1630 Hispaniolate1860 Spaniardize1872 Hispanicize1878 1872 Family Treasury 73/2 Anxious, not merely to give him pleasure, but also to ‘Spaniardize’ him, as the phrase ran, in every possible way. 2003 C. A. Montaner Twisted Roots i. 14 A set of provisions designed to ‘Christianize‘ and ‘Spaniardize’ the Indians. ˈSpaniardizing adj. and n. ΚΠ 1886 J. A. Symonds Catholic Reaction in Renaissance in Italy (1898) VII. xi. 183 Italian society..beneath the shadow of a score of Spaniardising princelings. 1898 Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Jan. 5/1 The conquest of Mexico was a great deed, but its subsequent Spaniardizing from that day to this is a still greater triumph. Spaniard-like adj. ΚΠ 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Xi Spanyerdlike [she] was as careles as he. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Espagnolé,..made Spanish, or Spaniard-like. 1727 D. Defoe Evident Advantages Great Brit. ii. 15 Accepting of a Draught of cold Water from the Samaritan, with whom the Jews (Spaniard-like) had no Dealings. 1822 European Mag. Dec. 547/1 This reverend prelate..uttered the most priest-like, Spaniard-like words that ever I heard. 1918 P. Casey Wolf-cub To clinch the argument, he added, Spaniard-like, ‘I am utterly brave myself.’ ˈSpaniardly adv. in a manner typical of the Spanish. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Spaniards > [adverb] Spanishlya1641 Spaniardly1909 1909 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies (1910) 42 De Avila..very Spaniardly hung them all for heretics. ˈSpaniardship n. used as a mock title in speaking of a Spanish person. ΚΠ 1734 H. Fielding Don Quixote in Eng. i. i. 2 If your Master does not pay me, I shall lay his Spaniardship fast in a Place, which [etc.]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1400
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