shrewdnessn.

/ˈʃruːdnɪs/

Forms: see shrewd adj.; also Middle English schredenes.

Etymology: < shrewd adj. + -ness suffix.

†1.

a. Wickedness, depravity; evil disposition, ill nature; malignity; maliciousness. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > [noun]

woughc888

naughteOE

manOE

evilness1000

fakenOE

witherfulnessc1200

lithera1225

villainy?c1225

lithernessa1240

unwrastshipa1250

felonyc1290

shrewheadc1290

litherhead1297

illa1300

wicknessa1300

follyc1300

iniquity13..

shrewdom13..

wickhedec1305

shrewdheadc1315

shrewdnessc1315

unwrastnessc1315

wickednessa1340

malicea1382

unequityc1384

lewdnessa1387

mischiefa1387

wickedleka1400

wickedredea1400

badnessc1400

shrewdshipc1400

shrewnessc1425

ungoodlihead1430

wickdomc1440

rudenessc1451

mauvasty1474

unkindliness1488

noughtinessa1500

perversenessa1500

illnessc1500

filthiness?1504

noisomeness1506

naughtiness?1529

noughtihoodc1540

inexcellence1590

improbity1593

flagition1598

meschancy1609

scelerateness1613

pravity1620

meschantnessa1630

flagitiousness1692

flagitiosity1727

nefariousness1727

bale-fire1855

ill-conditionedness1866

iniquitousness1870

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun]

woughc888

manOE

evilness1000

evilc1040

un-i-thora1200

witherfulnessc1200

mixshipc1225

quedeship?c1225

lithernessa1240

unwrastshipa1250

felonyc1290

shrewheadc1290

litherhead1297

wickedheada1300

wicknessa1300

follyc1300

shrewdom13..

wickhedec1305

shrewdheadc1315

shrewdnessc1315

unwrastnessc1315

wickc1330

wickednessa1340

quedehead1340

quedeness1340

lewdnessa1387

felona1400

wickedleka1400

wickedredea1400

badnessc1400

shrewdshipc1400

shrewnessc1425

wickdomc1440

noughtinessa1500

naughtiness?1529

sinfulness1530

noughtihoodc1540

meschancy1609

scelerateness1613

meschantnessa1630

nefariousness1727

devilness1853

c1315 Shoreham vii. 376 He [sc. Lucifer] hys heaued of schrewednesse, As god hys cheaf of alle godnesse.

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 1853 As gret a fame han shrewes..for shrewdenesse, As good folke han for godenesse.

1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. xl. 199 He passet in shrewetnesse and malice al the Paganesse and mysbelewynge men.

c1450 Godstow Reg. 646 That hys graunt shold not by ony shrewdnes be destroyde, he confirmyd hyt with hys seele.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vi The shrewdness and malyce of the dogge.

?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives Instr. Christen Woman ii. iv. sig. b.ij^v If thy husbande were yll, yet oughtest thou to suffre hym, nor stryue with hym, by shrewdnes.

1533 T. More Apol. xxxvi, in Wks. 902/2 I purpose to purchace suche a proteccion for them, that I wyl leaue my selfe lesse then the fourth part, euen of shrewdnes rather then euer I wyl pay them.

1534 Prymer in Eng. sig. N.v^v Theym that swarue from the ryght waye vnto shrewdnes.

†b. An instance of this. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (1868) iv. pr. iv. 124 Þat þei (shrewes) ben constreyned by þre vnselynesses þat wolen and mowen and performen felonyes and shrewednesses.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 442 In hire houses been iniquitees and shrewednesses.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. D The shrewdenes and cruelties, that Domician did to the virgins Vestales.

†c. Naughtiness, mischievousness. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > [noun] > of children

wantonness1533

shrewdness1567

naughtiness1581

1567–9 Harding in Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 344 They..be subiect to all shrewdnesse of the boies of the streets, who vse commonly to mocke and reuile them.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. ii. 9 If they bee apt much before fiue yeeres of age, to learne shrewdnesse.

†d. A pretended term for a ‘company’ of apes.In various later works.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Pongidae (ape) > group of

shrewdnessa1452

apery1863

a1452 Termys of venery, &c. (Egerton MS. 1995) in J. Hodgkin Proper Terms (1909) 52 A Schrewdenys of Apys.

1486 Bk. St. Albans f vi b A Shrewdenes of Apis.

2. Sagacity or keenness of mental perception or discrimination; astuteness in practical affairs.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > sharpness, shrewdness, insight > [noun]

sharpnessc897

yepshipc1000

insightc1175

yepleȝȝcc1175

yephedea1250

wit1297

fellnessa1382

policyc1440

discerningc1450

policec1450

inspectiona1527

perceivance1534

aptitude1548

sagacity1548

acuity?1549

nimbleness1561

acumen1579

seeing eye1579

esprit1591

acuteness1601

depth1605

penetration1605

knowingness1611

shrewdnessa1616

piercingnessa1628

discernment1646

sharpwittedness1647

nasuteness1660

arguteness1662

sagaciousness1678

perceptivity1700

keenness1707

cuteness1768

intuition1780

recollectedness1796

long-headedness1818

perceptiveness1823

kokum1848

incision1862

incisiveness1865

penetrativeness1873

flair1881

hard-boiledness1912

smart1964

spikiness1977

sus1979

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > worldly wisdom > [noun]

shrewdnessa1616

common sense1658

savoir vivre1745

savoir faire1788

savoir1823

conventional wisdom1838

sophistication1850

canniness1878

hep1914

hipness1937

move1966

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > astuteness

yepshipc1000

yepleȝȝcc1175

yephedea1250

slyness1357

far-castingc1400

policyc1440

far-castc1540

fineness1546

astucec1550

shrewdnessa1616

arguteness1662

cuteness1768

smartness1800

astucity1837

astuteness1843

Yorkshiredom1849

flyness1888

shrewd1977

sus1979

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. ii. 73 Her Garboiles..Made out of her impatience: which not wanted Shrodenesse of policie to.

1676 J. Ray Corr. (1848) 126 Shrewdness in inventing and discovering, is a particular gift of God.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Agis in Plutarch Lives ⁋10 With his shrewdness and capacity he had a proper mixture of spirit.

1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf iv, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 89 Some..requested advice upon other matters, which he delivered with an oracular shrewdness.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 14 Not being bred To barter, nor compensating the want By shrewdness.

1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 120 Natural shrewdness was the guide of the people in the business of exchanges.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	shrewdness
释义	shrewdnessn. /ˈʃruːdnɪs/ Forms: see shrewd adj.; also Middle English schredenes. Etymology: < shrewd adj. + -ness suffix. †1. a. Wickedness, depravity; evil disposition, ill nature; malignity; maliciousness. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > [noun] woughc888 naughteOE manOE evilness1000 fakenOE witherfulnessc1200 lithera1225 villainy?c1225 lithernessa1240 unwrastshipa1250 felonyc1290 shrewheadc1290 litherhead1297 illa1300 wicknessa1300 follyc1300 iniquity13.. shrewdom13.. wickhedec1305 shrewdheadc1315 shrewdnessc1315 unwrastnessc1315 wickednessa1340 malicea1382 unequityc1384 lewdnessa1387 mischiefa1387 wickedleka1400 wickedredea1400 badnessc1400 shrewdshipc1400 shrewnessc1425 ungoodlihead1430 wickdomc1440 rudenessc1451 mauvasty1474 unkindliness1488 noughtinessa1500 perversenessa1500 illnessc1500 filthiness?1504 noisomeness1506 naughtiness?1529 noughtihoodc1540 inexcellence1590 improbity1593 flagition1598 meschancy1609 scelerateness1613 pravity1620 meschantnessa1630 flagitiousness1692 flagitiosity1727 nefariousness1727 bale-fire1855 ill-conditionedness1866 iniquitousness1870 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] woughc888 manOE evilness1000 evilc1040 un-i-thora1200 witherfulnessc1200 mixshipc1225 quedeship?c1225 lithernessa1240 unwrastshipa1250 felonyc1290 shrewheadc1290 litherhead1297 wickedheada1300 wicknessa1300 follyc1300 shrewdom13.. wickhedec1305 shrewdheadc1315 shrewdnessc1315 unwrastnessc1315 wickc1330 wickednessa1340 quedehead1340 quedeness1340 lewdnessa1387 felona1400 wickedleka1400 wickedredea1400 badnessc1400 shrewdshipc1400 shrewnessc1425 wickdomc1440 noughtinessa1500 naughtiness?1529 sinfulness1530 noughtihoodc1540 meschancy1609 scelerateness1613 meschantnessa1630 nefariousness1727 devilness1853 c1315 Shoreham vii. 376 He [sc. Lucifer] hys heaued of schrewednesse, As god hys cheaf of alle godnesse. c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 1853 As gret a fame han shrewes..for shrewdenesse, As good folke han for godenesse. 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. xl. 199 He passet in shrewetnesse and malice al the Paganesse and mysbelewynge men. c1450 Godstow Reg. 646 That hys graunt shold not by ony shrewdnes be destroyde, he confirmyd hyt with hys seele. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vi The shrewdness and malyce of the dogge. ?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives Instr. Christen Woman ii. iv. sig. b.ij^v If thy husbande were yll, yet oughtest thou to suffre hym, nor stryue with hym, by shrewdnes. 1533 T. More Apol. xxxvi, in Wks. 902/2 I purpose to purchace suche a proteccion for them, that I wyl leaue my selfe lesse then the fourth part, euen of shrewdnes rather then euer I wyl pay them. 1534 Prymer in Eng. sig. N.v^v Theym that swarue from the ryght waye vnto shrewdnes. †b. An instance of this. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (1868) iv. pr. iv. 124 Þat þei (shrewes) ben constreyned by þre vnselynesses þat wolen and mowen and performen felonyes and shrewednesses. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 442 In hire houses been iniquitees and shrewednesses. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. D The shrewdenes and cruelties, that Domician did to the virgins Vestales. †c. Naughtiness, mischievousness. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > [noun] > of children wantonness1533 shrewdness1567 naughtiness1581 1567–9 Harding in Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 344 They..be subiect to all shrewdnesse of the boies of the streets, who vse commonly to mocke and reuile them. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. ii. 9 If they bee apt much before fiue yeeres of age, to learne shrewdnesse. †d. A pretended term for a ‘company’ of apes.In various later works. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Pongidae (ape) > group of shrewdnessa1452 apery1863 a1452 Termys of venery, &c. (Egerton MS. 1995) in J. Hodgkin Proper Terms (1909) 52 A Schrewdenys of Apys. 1486 Bk. St. Albans f vi b A Shrewdenes of Apis. 2. Sagacity or keenness of mental perception or discrimination; astuteness in practical affairs. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > sharpness, shrewdness, insight > [noun] sharpnessc897 yepshipc1000 insightc1175 yepleȝȝcc1175 yephedea1250 wit1297 fellnessa1382 policyc1440 discerningc1450 policec1450 inspectiona1527 perceivance1534 aptitude1548 sagacity1548 acuity?1549 nimbleness1561 acumen1579 seeing eye1579 esprit1591 acuteness1601 depth1605 penetration1605 knowingness1611 shrewdnessa1616 piercingnessa1628 discernment1646 sharpwittedness1647 nasuteness1660 arguteness1662 sagaciousness1678 perceptivity1700 keenness1707 cuteness1768 intuition1780 recollectedness1796 long-headedness1818 perceptiveness1823 kokum1848 incision1862 incisiveness1865 penetrativeness1873 flair1881 hard-boiledness1912 smart1964 spikiness1977 sus1979 the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > worldly wisdom > [noun] shrewdnessa1616 common sense1658 savoir vivre1745 savoir faire1788 savoir1823 conventional wisdom1838 sophistication1850 canniness1878 hep1914 hipness1937 move1966 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > astuteness yepshipc1000 yepleȝȝcc1175 yephedea1250 slyness1357 far-castingc1400 policyc1440 far-castc1540 fineness1546 astucec1550 shrewdnessa1616 arguteness1662 cuteness1768 smartness1800 astucity1837 astuteness1843 Yorkshiredom1849 flyness1888 shrewd1977 sus1979 a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. ii. 73 Her Garboiles..Made out of her impatience: which not wanted Shrodenesse of policie to. View more context for this quotation 1676 J. Ray Corr. (1848) 126 Shrewdness in inventing and discovering, is a particular gift of God. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Agis in Plutarch Lives ⁋10 With his shrewdness and capacity he had a proper mixture of spirit. 1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf iv, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 89 Some..requested advice upon other matters, which he delivered with an oracular shrewdness. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 14 Not being bred To barter, nor compensating the want By shrewdness. 1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 120 Natural shrewdness was the guide of the people in the business of exchanges. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1315
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