blightn.

Brit.

/blʌɪt/, U.S.

/blaɪt/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s blite.

Etymology: A word of unknown origin; which entered literature, apparently from the speech of farmers or gardeners, in the 17th cent.; literary men were at first doubtful as to its proper spelling, and seem to have thought of the plant blite n.(Among suggestions as to its origin are: that it is somehow related to blichening n.; that it may possibly represent an Old Norse *bleht-r, the antecedent of Icelandic blettr stain, spot, blot; that it is a derivative of the verb blike, or of the stem black or bleyke, bleach, bleak; or onomatopoeic, with a feeling for blow, blast, and kindred bl- words.)

1. gen. Any baleful influence of atmospheric or invisible origin, that suddenly blasts, nips, or destroys plants, affects them with disease, arrests their growth, or prevents their blossom from ‘setting’; a diseased state of plants of unknown or assumed atmospheric origin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > baleful influence or resulting state

stellation1623

blighting1669

blight1681

1681 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (ed. 3) viii. 159 Spoiled by the various mutations of the Air, or by Blights, Mildews, &c.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 136 With Blites destroy my Corn.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Palamon & Arc. ii, in Virgil Wks. 59 So may thy tender Blossoms fear no blite.

1699 S. Garth Dispensary vi. 78 These blissful Plains no Blites, nor Mildews fear.

1720 W. Temple Ess. Gardens of Epicurus in Wks. I. 188 [not in ed. 1690] A Soot or Smuttiness upon the Leaves [of Wall fruit]..I complained to the oldest and best Gardeners, who..esteemed it some Blight of the Spring.

1720 J. Gay Poems Several Occasions II. 360 Fade not with sudden blights or winter's wind.

1737 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. (ed. 3) (R.) Blights are often caused by a continued easterly wind.

1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms iv. 762 Flowers..Unharm'd by frost or blight.

2. Specifically applied to:

a. Diseases in plants caused by fungoid parasites, as mildew, rust, or smut, in corn. (Apparently the earliest use.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > blight

rubigoa1398

blicheningc1420

blast1577

brantcorn1578

blight1611

brand1640

uredo1706

rickets1759

coal brand1793

blister blight1877

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Brulure, blight, brancorne; (an hearbe).

1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ Blight, idem quod milldew..quæ fruges corrumpit.

1807 in C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon (1808) xvii. 434 Wheat..very much smitten with the bligh [t] , or rust, as it is generally called in this neighbourhood.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 337 The blight in corn, occasioned by Puccinia graminis.

1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 54 If a tuft of this ‘blight’, as it is called, is closely examined.

b. A species of aphis, destructive to fruit trees.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Aphis > destructive to fruit-trees

blight1802

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) (at cited word) The common People..are well satisfy'd that Blights are brought by the East Wind, which brings or hatches the Caterpillar.]

1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xxvi. 512 What we call blights, are, oftentimes, legions of animated beings.

1882 Garden 11 Feb. 99/2 The worst insect enemy to the attacks of which the Apple is liable is what is termed the American blight.

1885 Contemp. Rev. Oct. 561 It thinks there are some ‘blight’ among the blossoms at the top, and if there are it will eat them.

c. A close hazy overcast state of the atmosphere, which sometimes prevails in summer or autumn.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] > haze

haze1582

oama1728

mist1785

maze1813

dry urea1824

gauze1842

blight1848

slur1880

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. viii. iv. 261 In that smoke as in a blight the wings withered up.

3. Applied to affections of the face or skin:

a. An eruption on the human skin consisting of minute reddish pimples, ‘a form of Lichen urticatus’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > lichen

lichen1657

prickly heat1740

lichen simplex1798

lichen simplex chronicus1798

summer rash1798

nettle-lichen1822

blight1864

lichen planus1866

1864 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang.

1880 in New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon

b. Facial palsy arising from cold. New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon

c. blight in the eye: extravasation of blood under the conjunctive membrane.

4. transferred and figurative.

a. Any malignant influence of obscure or mysterious origin; anything which withers hopes or prospects, or checks prosperity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > a harmful influence

venomc1315

venomc1380

enmitya1387

blast1547

arsenic1583

aconite1606

Nessus shirta1616

bane-touch1647

blighta1661

poison tree1794

upas1801

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 246 Let Isis with her timbrel strike me blind (not properly with the sistrum it self, but with its invisible power, with a blite).

1797 W. Godwin Enquirer i. v. 35 Genius..may..suffer an untimely blight.

1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 VI. lxx. 519 A strange mysterious punishment, which seemed like a blight or judgment of a higher power.

1884 Fortn. Rev. Jan. 79 The withering blight of Turkish rule.

b. spec. An unsightly urban area (cf. blighted adj. 1b).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > decrepit or unsightly

cardboard city1876

twilight zone1909

blight1938

grey area1959

twilight area1960

1938 L. Mumford Culture of Cities 8 We..face the accumulated physical and social results of that disruption: ravaged landscapes, disorderly urban districts,..patches of blight, mile upon mile of standardized slums.

1952 M. Lock et al. Bedford by River i. 23/1 Blight clearance will affect another 4,100 people who will be displaced from the main clearance areas.

1952 M. Lock et al. Bedford by River i. 23/2 Isolated pockets of blight.

Compounds

blight-beetle n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > member of (beetle) > that destroys fruit-trees

blight-beetle1852

1852 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. (ed. 2) 79 This insect, which may be called the blight-beetle, from the injury it occasions, attacks also apple, apricot, and plum trees.

blight-bird n. Australian and New Zealand an early settlers' name for a bird belonging to the Australian genus Zosterops.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > [noun] > family Zosteropidae > genus Zosterops (white-eye)

white-eye1837

zosterops1867

blight-bird1870

ringeye1871

wax-eye1874

greeny1890

1870 R. Taylor Maori & Eng. Dict. 17/2 Kanohimowhiti, or Tauhau, white eye or blight bird (Zosterops lateralis) was first observed July, 1856 in the South, and about Auckland.

1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 130 The white-eye or blight-bird..clears away multitudes of small insect pests.

1888 Newton in Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 824/1 In 1856 it was noticed..as occurring in the South Island of New Zealand, when it became known..to the English settlers as the ‘Blight-bird’.

1965 Austral. Encycl. VIII. 129/2 Silvereyes..do much good by destroying scale-insects and other pests, and have thereby earned the name of blight-birds.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

blightv.

Brit.

/blʌɪt/, U.S.

/blaɪt/

Etymology: < blight n.

a. transitive. To affect with blight n. (see the noun, sense 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > affect with disease or atmospheric conditions [verb (transitive)]

smut1626

snape1631

blight1695

houseburn1708

rust1759

spur1896

scorch1905

windrock1969

1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 212 It then blasts Vegetables,..blights Corn and Fruits: and is sometimes injurious even to Men.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) (at cited word) Some do conjecture, that it is the East Wind of itself that Blights.

1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 82 She bleets the cworn wi' her bad e'e.

1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches iv. 186 A sharp frost..blighted all our early potatoes.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Poet's Mind 18 There is frost in your breath Which would blight the plants.

b. transferred of parts of the body.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > make diseased [verb (transitive)]

morbify1623

blight1811

1811 W. Scott Don Roderick li. 47 Blighted be the tongue That names thy name without the honour due.

2. figurative. To exert a baleful influence on; to destroy the brightness, beauty, or promise of; to nip in the bud, mar, frustrate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > exert harmful influence upon

blasta1533

blight1712

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 457. ¶3 It [sc. Lady Blast's whisper] blights like an Easterly Wind.

1735 W. Oldys Life Raleigh in Wks. (1829) I. 357 Yet could [they]..blite them [brave and active spirits] from advancing to any fruitful or profitable conclusions.

1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms iii. 34 Deprivation of rank..which blights so many prospects.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xvi. 194 The delusion which had blighted her young years.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	blight
释义	blightn. Brit. /blʌɪt/, U.S. /blaɪt/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s blite. Etymology: A word of unknown origin; which entered literature, apparently from the speech of farmers or gardeners, in the 17th cent.; literary men were at first doubtful as to its proper spelling, and seem to have thought of the plant blite n.(Among suggestions as to its origin are: that it is somehow related to blichening n.; that it may possibly represent an Old Norse bleht-r, the antecedent of Icelandic blettr* stain, spot, blot; that it is a derivative of the verb blike, or of the stem black or bleyke, bleach, bleak; or onomatopoeic, with a feeling for blow, blast, and kindred bl- words.) 1. gen. Any baleful influence of atmospheric or invisible origin, that suddenly blasts, nips, or destroys plants, affects them with disease, arrests their growth, or prevents their blossom from ‘setting’; a diseased state of plants of unknown or assumed atmospheric origin. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > baleful influence or resulting state stellation1623 blighting1669 blight1681 1681 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (ed. 3) viii. 159 Spoiled by the various mutations of the Air, or by Blights, Mildews, &c. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 136 With Blites destroy my Corn. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Palamon & Arc. ii, in Virgil Wks. 59 So may thy tender Blossoms fear no blite. 1699 S. Garth Dispensary vi. 78 These blissful Plains no Blites, nor Mildews fear. 1720 W. Temple Ess. Gardens of Epicurus in Wks. I. 188 [not in ed. 1690] A Soot or Smuttiness upon the Leaves [of Wall fruit]..I complained to the oldest and best Gardeners, who..esteemed it some Blight of the Spring. 1720 J. Gay Poems Several Occasions II. 360 Fade not with sudden blights or winter's wind. 1737 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. (ed. 3) (R.) Blights are often caused by a continued easterly wind. 1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms iv. 762 Flowers..Unharm'd by frost or blight. 2. Specifically applied to: a. Diseases in plants caused by fungoid parasites, as mildew, rust, or smut, in corn. (Apparently the earliest use.) ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > blight rubigoa1398 blicheningc1420 blast1577 brantcorn1578 blight1611 brand1640 uredo1706 rickets1759 coal brand1793 blister blight1877 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Brulure, blight, brancorne; (an hearbe). 1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ Blight, idem quod milldew..quæ fruges corrumpit. 1807 in C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon (1808) xvii. 434 Wheat..very much smitten with the bligh [t] , or rust, as it is generally called in this neighbourhood. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 337 The blight in corn, occasioned by Puccinia graminis. 1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 54 If a tuft of this ‘blight’, as it is called, is closely examined. b. A species of aphis, destructive to fruit trees. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Homoptera > family Aphis > destructive to fruit-trees blight1802 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) (at cited word) The common People..are well satisfy'd that Blights are brought by the East Wind, which brings or hatches the Caterpillar.] 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xxvi. 512 What we call blights, are, oftentimes, legions of animated beings. 1882 Garden 11 Feb. 99/2 The worst insect enemy to the attacks of which the Apple is liable is what is termed the American blight. 1885 Contemp. Rev. Oct. 561 It thinks there are some ‘blight’ among the blossoms at the top, and if there are it will eat them. c. A close hazy overcast state of the atmosphere, which sometimes prevails in summer or autumn. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] > haze haze1582 oama1728 mist1785 maze1813 dry urea1824 gauze1842 blight1848 slur1880 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. viii. iv. 261 In that smoke as in a blight the wings withered up. 3. Applied to affections of the face or skin: a. An eruption on the human skin consisting of minute reddish pimples, ‘a form of Lichen urticatus’. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > lichen lichen1657 prickly heat1740 lichen simplex1798 lichen simplex chronicus1798 summer rash1798 nettle-lichen1822 blight1864 lichen planus1866 1864 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1880 in New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon b. Facial palsy arising from cold. New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon c. blight in the eye: extravasation of blood under the conjunctive membrane. 4. transferred and figurative. a. Any malignant influence of obscure or mysterious origin; anything which withers hopes or prospects, or checks prosperity. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > a harmful influence venomc1315 venomc1380 enmitya1387 blast1547 arsenic1583 aconite1606 Nessus shirta1616 bane-touch1647 blighta1661 poison tree1794 upas1801 a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 246 Let Isis with her timbrel strike me blind (not properly with the sistrum it self, but with its invisible power, with a blite). 1797 W. Godwin Enquirer i. v. 35 Genius..may..suffer an untimely blight. 1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 VI. lxx. 519 A strange mysterious punishment, which seemed like a blight or judgment of a higher power. 1884 Fortn. Rev. Jan. 79 The withering blight of Turkish rule. b. spec. An unsightly urban area (cf. blighted adj. 1b). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > decrepit or unsightly cardboard city1876 twilight zone1909 blight1938 grey area1959 twilight area1960 1938 L. Mumford Culture of Cities 8 We..face the accumulated physical and social results of that disruption: ravaged landscapes, disorderly urban districts,..patches of blight, mile upon mile of standardized slums. 1952 M. Lock et al. Bedford by River i. 23/1 Blight clearance will affect another 4,100 people who will be displaced from the main clearance areas. 1952 M. Lock et al. Bedford by River i. 23/2 Isolated pockets of blight. Compounds blight-beetle n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > member of (beetle) > that destroys fruit-trees blight-beetle1852 1852 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. (ed. 2) 79 This insect, which may be called the blight-beetle, from the injury it occasions, attacks also apple, apricot, and plum trees. blight-bird n. Australian and New Zealand an early settlers' name for a bird belonging to the Australian genus Zosterops. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > [noun] > family Zosteropidae > genus Zosterops (white-eye) white-eye1837 zosterops1867 blight-bird1870 ringeye1871 wax-eye1874 greeny1890 1870 R. Taylor Maori & Eng. Dict. 17/2 Kanohimowhiti, or Tauhau, white eye or blight bird (Zosterops lateralis) was first observed July, 1856 in the South, and about Auckland. 1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 130 The white-eye or blight-bird..clears away multitudes of small insect pests. 1888 Newton in Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 824/1 In 1856 it was noticed..as occurring in the South Island of New Zealand, when it became known..to the English settlers as the ‘Blight-bird’. 1965 Austral. Encycl. VIII. 129/2 Silvereyes..do much good by destroying scale-insects and other pests, and have thereby earned the name of blight-birds. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). blightv. Brit. /blʌɪt/, U.S. /blaɪt/ Etymology: < blight n. 1. a. transitive. To affect with blight n. (see the noun, sense 1). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > affect with disease or atmospheric conditions [verb (transitive)] smut1626 snape1631 blight1695 houseburn1708 rust1759 spur1896 scorch1905 windrock1969 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 212 It then blasts Vegetables,..blights Corn and Fruits: and is sometimes injurious even to Men. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) (at cited word) Some do conjecture, that it is the East Wind of itself that Blights. 1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 82 She bleets the cworn wi' her bad e'e. 1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches iv. 186 A sharp frost..blighted all our early potatoes. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Poet's Mind 18 There is frost in your breath Which would blight the plants. b. transferred of parts of the body. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > make diseased [verb (transitive)] morbify1623 blight1811 1811 W. Scott Don Roderick li. 47 Blighted be the tongue That names thy name without the honour due. 2. figurative. To exert a baleful influence on; to destroy the brightness, beauty, or promise of; to nip in the bud, mar, frustrate. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > exert harmful influence upon blasta1533 blight1712 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 457. ¶3 It [sc. Lady Blast's whisper] blights like an Easterly Wind. 1735 W. Oldys Life Raleigh in Wks. (1829) I. 357 Yet could [they]..blite them [brave and active spirits] from advancing to any fruitful or profitable conclusions. 1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms iii. 34 Deprivation of rank..which blights so many prospects. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xvi. 194 The delusion which had blighted her young years. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1611v.1695
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