self-healn.

Brit.

/ˌsɛlfˈhiːl/,

/ˈsɛlfhiːl/, U.S.

/ˌsɛlfˈhil/

Forms:

α. late Old English sylf-hele, late Old English sulfelæ, Middle English celfhele, Middle English sel-hele, Middle English selfele, Middle English self-hele, Middle English silfe-hele, Middle English sulf-hele, Middle English sylffe-hele, Middle English self-heile, Middle English selphele (perhaps transmission error), 1500s–1600s selfe-heale, 1600s– self-heal; also Scottish pre-1700 selff-heill.

β. early Middle English selfale, Middle English selfe-hale (northern), Middle English silfe-hale.

γ. Middle English self-hol, Middle English selfol, Middle English sulf-hole.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German selbheila euphrasia (see euphrasy n.; compare early modern German saylesshail sanicle (1482), German Selbstheil prunella (late 18th cent. or earlier)) < the Germanic base of self- prefix + the Germanic base of heal v.¹ or heal n., apparently so called on account of the healing properties of the plant; compare post-classical Latin sanicula , saniculum (see sanicle n.).It is uncertain whether Old High German selbheila is to be taken as a strong or weak feminine; the inflectional class of late Old English sylfhele is equally uncertain. The second element in the Old English and Old High German words may be a weak feminine agent noun derived from the base of heal v.¹ Compare Old High German gāhheila (Middle High German gachel ), lit. ‘quick healer’ (i.e. a quickly healing plant), denoting yarrow and other medicinal plants, and selblāhha , weak feminine, apparently in sense ‘ragwort’ ( < selb self- prefix + lāhha (feminine) healer (rare except as the second element in plant names; < the same Germanic base as leech n.¹)). However, in the case of the compounds with self- prefix, the motivation is less clear and the underlying verbal character less obvious than in the case of Old High German gāhheila , and it is possible that the second element may alternatively derive from the Germanic base of heal n. The β. and γ. forms probably show alteration by folk-etymological association respectively with hale adj. and whole adj., at least in part.

A low-growing Eurasian plant with entire leaves and squarish heads of small violet-blue flowers, Prunella vulgaris (family Labiatae), typically found in meadows, and used medicinally in the treatment of wounds, sore throat, and various other conditions (in later use more fully common self-heal); (occasionally also, usually with distinguishing word) any of the other plants of the genus Prunella. In early use also: †any of various other plants believed to have healing properties, including sanicle, Sanicula europaea, and burnet saxifrage, Pimpinella saxifraga (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > names applied to various plants or parts > self-heal

self-heallOE

brunel1527

prunella1527

carpenter's herb1578

hook-heal1578

prunel1578

sicklewort1597

prince's feather1818

hook-weed1861

lOE Durham Plant Gloss. 17 Sanicula, sylfhele.

lOE Recipe (Dresden Dc.185) in H. Varnhagen De Glossis Nonnullis Anglicis (1902) 9 Ad capitis uulnus: accipe betonicam et garcliue et sulfelæ et senecium.

?a1350 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 190 [Ointerele] anglice selfhele.

a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 13 Betonica major, selfhele.

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 8 Bigula, Browne bugill, som calliþ him silfe hele and sum calliþ him hartworte.

?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 166 Ipia maior is an herbe þat men clepe pympernol or selfhol or weyewourth or morcrop and it haȝt lewys lyk to thykwed [read chykwed] but þe lewys of þis herbe are lesse and it beryth a flour lyk red purpyl.

c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 201 Tak crowsope, penywort, sulfhele.

1526 Grete Herball ccclv. sig. Tvj/1 De pimpinella. Selfe heale or pympyrnell.

1568 W. Turner Herbal iii. 61 Selfe heale is good to heale grene woundes.

1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 7 Consolida minor is that we call, Self-heal, and the Lattins Prunella.

1664 Dr. Burnet in S. Pepys Diary 1 July (1971) V. 363 Take..of Selfeheale, of Red roses of each one Hand-full.

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 326 Self-heal, Sanicula.

?1789 J. Graefer Descriptive Catal. Herbaceous or Perennial Plants 90 Prunella laciniata. Cut-leaved Self-heal.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 944 The seeds..of the common self-heal, Prunella vulgaris, mix themselves with those of clover.

1880 R. Jefferies Round about Great Estate 132 In the grass the short selfheal shows.

1946 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 33 230/1 Creeping Jennie, self-heal, tomato, and tobacco.

1972 R. Adams Watership Down xviii. 108 The grass..smelt of thyme and self-heal.

2016 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 4 June (Gardening section) 5 Daisies and self-heal cover the lawn.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	self-heal
释义	self-healn. Brit. /ˌsɛlfˈhiːl/, /ˈsɛlfhiːl/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfˈhil/ Forms: α. late Old English sylf-hele, late Old English sulfelæ, Middle English celfhele, Middle English sel-hele, Middle English selfele, Middle English self-hele, Middle English silfe-hele, Middle English sulf-hele, Middle English sylffe-hele, Middle English self-heile, Middle English selphele (perhaps transmission error), 1500s–1600s selfe-heale, 1600s– self-heal; also Scottish pre-1700 selff-heill. β. early Middle English selfale, Middle English selfe-hale (northern), Middle English silfe-hale. γ. Middle English self-hol, Middle English selfol, Middle English sulf-hole. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German selbheila euphrasia (see euphrasy n.; compare early modern German saylesshail sanicle (1482), German Selbstheil prunella (late 18th cent. or earlier)) < the Germanic base of self- prefix + the Germanic base of heal v.¹ or heal n., apparently so called on account of the healing properties of the plant; compare post-classical Latin sanicula , saniculum (see sanicle n.).It is uncertain whether Old High German selbheila is to be taken as a strong or weak feminine; the inflectional class of late Old English sylfhele is equally uncertain. The second element in the Old English and Old High German words may be a weak feminine agent noun derived from the base of heal v.¹ Compare Old High German gāhheila (Middle High German gachel ), lit. ‘quick healer’ (i.e. a quickly healing plant), denoting yarrow and other medicinal plants, and selblāhha , weak feminine, apparently in sense ‘ragwort’ ( < selb self- prefix + lāhha (feminine) healer (rare except as the second element in plant names; < the same Germanic base as leech n.¹)). However, in the case of the compounds with self- prefix, the motivation is less clear and the underlying verbal character less obvious than in the case of Old High German gāhheila , and it is possible that the second element may alternatively derive from the Germanic base of heal n. The β. and γ. forms probably show alteration by folk-etymological association respectively with hale adj. and whole adj., at least in part. A low-growing Eurasian plant with entire leaves and squarish heads of small violet-blue flowers, Prunella vulgaris (family Labiatae), typically found in meadows, and used medicinally in the treatment of wounds, sore throat, and various other conditions (in later use more fully common self-heal); (occasionally also, usually with distinguishing word) any of the other plants of the genus Prunella. In early use also: †any of various other plants believed to have healing properties, including sanicle, Sanicula europaea, and burnet saxifrage, Pimpinella saxifraga (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > names applied to various plants or parts > self-heal self-heallOE brunel1527 prunella1527 carpenter's herb1578 hook-heal1578 prunel1578 sicklewort1597 prince's feather1818 hook-weed1861 lOE Durham Plant Gloss. 17 Sanicula, sylfhele. lOE Recipe (Dresden Dc.185) in H. Varnhagen De Glossis Nonnullis Anglicis (1902) 9 Ad capitis uulnus: accipe betonicam et garcliue et sulfelæ et senecium. ?a1350 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 190 [Ointerele] anglice selfhele. a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 13 Betonica major, selfhele. ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 8 Bigula, Browne bugill, som calliþ him silfe hele and sum calliþ him hartworte. ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 166 Ipia maior is an herbe þat men clepe pympernol or selfhol or weyewourth or morcrop and it haȝt lewys lyk to thykwed [read chykwed] but þe lewys of þis herbe are lesse and it beryth a flour lyk red purpyl. c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 201 Tak crowsope, penywort, sulfhele. 1526 Grete Herball ccclv. sig. Tvj/1 De pimpinella. Selfe heale or pympyrnell. 1568 W. Turner Herbal iii. 61 Selfe heale is good to heale grene woundes. 1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 7 Consolida minor is that we call, Self-heal, and the Lattins Prunella. 1664 Dr. Burnet in S. Pepys Diary 1 July (1971) V. 363 Take..of Selfeheale, of Red roses of each one Hand-full. 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 326 Self-heal, Sanicula. ?1789 J. Graefer Descriptive Catal. Herbaceous or Perennial Plants 90 Prunella laciniata. Cut-leaved Self-heal. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 944 The seeds..of the common self-heal, Prunella vulgaris, mix themselves with those of clover. 1880 R. Jefferies Round about Great Estate 132 In the grass the short selfheal shows. 1946 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 33 230/1 Creeping Jennie, self-heal, tomato, and tobacco. 1972 R. Adams Watership Down xviii. 108 The grass..smelt of thyme and self-heal. 2016 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 4 June (Gardening section) 5 Daisies and self-heal cover the lawn. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.lOE
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