scarpn.¹

Brit.

/skɑːp/, U.S.

/skɑrp/

Forms: Also scarpe.

Etymology: < Old Northern French escarpe = Central Old French escharpe (modern French écharpe ), lit. sash: see scarf n.¹

Heraldry.

A diminutive of the bend sinister, one-half its width, crossing the shield diagonally from the sinister chief to the dexter base. (Cf. scarf n.¹ 5a.)

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > charge of simplest or commonest kind > band crossing shield diagonally > running from top right to bottom left > of half width

scarp1562

scarf1688

1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory (1597) 64 b Knowe that this [bende sinyster] conteineth as much in breadth as a dexter bende doth. The halfe whereof is called a Scarpe, and no bastard's mark, neither may it be charged with any thing.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. v. 52 A Scarpe..is that kinde of ornament (much in vse with Commanders in the Field) which we doe vsually call a Scarfe.

1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.), at Scarpe In blazon, it should be named Scarp, without mentioning the word sinister. The French call it a Bar.

1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 14 The Bend sinister is drawn in the opposite direction of the bend,...Its diminutives are the scarpe,..and the baton.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scarpn.²

Brit.

/skɑːp/, U.S.

/skɑrp/

Forms: Also 1500s–1600s scarpe; and see scarf n.³

Etymology: < Italian scarpa, whence French escarpe escarp n.

a. Fortification = escarp n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > side of ditch nearest to parapet

scarp1589

scarf1591

escarp1688

escarpment1802

scarpment1861

1589 P. Ive Pract. Fortification 10 in tr. R. Beccarie de Pavie Instr. Warres The scarpe that the Curtin will make may bee some 28. foote, or more or lesse.

1654 A. Cokayne tr. G. F. Loredano Dianea iv. 280 On the top they [the walls] are made after the fashion of a Scarpe.

1709 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 471 The enemy..lye 2 leagues off behind the scarp.

1852 G. Bancroft Hist. Amer. Revol. I. xiii. 348 The left extended to a scarp surmounted by an abattis.

†b. The total pitch or ‘batter’ of a bank. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > [noun] > inclination from the level or slope > amount of > specifically of a bank

scarp1639

scarping1639

1639 R. Norwood Fortification 113 If the ditch be dry it must be the deeper, and have the lesse scarpe.

1669 P. Staynred Compend. Fortification 7 in S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. The Inward Scarp of the Parapet... The outward Scarp of the Rampire... The Scarp of the Ditch.

2. The steep face of a hill; = escarp n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > cliff > [noun]

cliffOE

cleoa1300

cleevec1300

rochec1300

clougha1400

heugha1400

brackc1530

clift1567

perpendicular1604

precipice1607

precipe1615

precipit1623

abrupt1624

scar1673

bluff1687

rock wall1755

krantz1785

linn1799

scarp1802

scaur1805

escarpment1815

rock face1820

escarp1856

hag1868

glint1906

scarping1909

stone-cliff1912

ledra1942

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [noun] > steep

cliffOE

cleevec1300

hangingc1400

braea1500

steep1555

steepness1585

proclivity1645

upright1712

sliddera1793

snab1797

scarp1802

escarpment1815

shin1817

escarp1856

hag1868

jump-off1873

inface1896

fault-scarp1897

scarping1909

fault-line scarp1911

steephead1918

jump-up1927

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 410 The scarps of the hills face indiscriminately all points of the compass.

1901 F. H. Trench Deirdre Wed 32 Far up, where darkling copses over-grow Scarps of the gray cliff from his river'd base.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scarpv.¹

Brit.

/skɑːp/, U.S.

/skɑrp/

Etymology: < scarp n.²

transitive. To cut to a steep face, to slope; also to scarp away, down; = escarp v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > incline [verb (transitive)] > place in a sloping position > make with a slope

battera1398

slope1715

escarp1728

ramp1766

scarp1803

1803 Duke of Wellington Let. 15 Dec. in Dispatches (1837) II. 584 The rock is scarped on each side.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. iv. 157 The top of the bank..was artfully scarped away, to augment the strength of the defences.

1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. iii. 73 The elevation of the site..was on this side a steep eminence, which had been scarped like a modern glacis, to render the building more secure.

1865 A. Geikie Scenery & Geol. Scotl. iii. 66 The result has been..to scarp the coasts of the Shetlands into the most rugged and fantastic cliffs.

1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. 173 The rock on which this fort stands was scarped towards the city.

1905 H. R. Haggard in Windsor Mag. Jan. 244 The rock upon one side of it had often been scarped by the hand of man.

Derivatives

scarped adj. reduced to a steep face, laid bare, cut away, steep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [adjective] > steep

stickleOE

steepc1175

shore14..

steyc1480

proclive1524

steeping1530

brant1545

steepy1565

abrupt1591

dreich1597

downsteepy1603

acclive1616

arduous1711

sharp1725

acclivous1730

rapid1785

declivitous1799

acclivitous1803

scarped1823

proclivitous1860

stoss1878

resequent1906

1823 Treat. Field Fortif. 26 When the earth scarped off is used to encrease the height, the original surface should be cut [etc.].

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. v. vi. 331 Redoubts are carried, and Passes and Heights of the most scarped description.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lv. 80 ‘So careful of the type?’ but no. From scarped cliff and quarried stone She cries ‘a thousand types are gone: I care for nothing, all shall go.’

1876 L. Morris Epic of Hades ii. 24 Once the sea Broke louder on the scarpèd reefs.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scarpv.²

Brit.

/skɑːp/, U.S.

/skɑrp/

Etymology: Of obscure origin; possibly the same word as scarp v.¹

Agriculture.

intransitive. Of land: To be torn up irregularly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > break up land [verb (intransitive)]

scarp1843

1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 ii. 563 The land is not liable to scarp, as after the common roller.

1866 R. D. Blackmore Cradock Nowell xi His mighty forehead would scarp and chine like the headland when the plough turns.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1562

n.²1589

v.¹1803

v.²1843

单词	scarp
释义	scarpn.¹ Brit. /skɑːp/, U.S. /skɑrp/ Forms: Also scarpe. Etymology: < Old Northern French escarpe = Central Old French escharpe (modern French écharpe ), lit. sash: see scarf n.¹ Heraldry. A diminutive of the bend sinister, one-half its width, crossing the shield diagonally from the sinister chief to the dexter base. (Cf. scarf n.¹ 5a.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > charge of simplest or commonest kind > band crossing shield diagonally > running from top right to bottom left > of half width scarp1562 scarf1688 1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory (1597) 64 b Knowe that this [bende sinyster] conteineth as much in breadth as a dexter bende doth. The halfe whereof is called a Scarpe, and no bastard's mark, neither may it be charged with any thing. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. v. 52 A Scarpe..is that kinde of ornament (much in vse with Commanders in the Field) which we doe vsually call a Scarfe. 1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.), at Scarpe In blazon, it should be named Scarp, without mentioning the word sinister. The French call it a Bar. 1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 14 The Bend sinister is drawn in the opposite direction of the bend,...Its diminutives are the scarpe,..and the baton. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scarpn.² Brit. /skɑːp/, U.S. /skɑrp/ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s scarpe; and see scarf n.³ Etymology: < Italian scarpa, whence French escarpe escarp n. 1. a. Fortification = escarp n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > side of ditch nearest to parapet scarp1589 scarf1591 escarp1688 escarpment1802 scarpment1861 1589 P. Ive Pract. Fortification 10 in tr. R. Beccarie de Pavie Instr. Warres The scarpe that the Curtin will make may bee some 28. foote, or more or lesse. 1654 A. Cokayne tr. G. F. Loredano Dianea iv. 280 On the top they [the walls] are made after the fashion of a Scarpe. 1709 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 471 The enemy..lye 2 leagues off behind the scarp. 1852 G. Bancroft Hist. Amer. Revol. I. xiii. 348 The left extended to a scarp surmounted by an abattis. †b. The total pitch or ‘batter’ of a bank. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > [noun] > inclination from the level or slope > amount of > specifically of a bank scarp1639 scarping1639 1639 R. Norwood Fortification 113 If the ditch be dry it must be the deeper, and have the lesse scarpe. 1669 P. Staynred Compend. Fortification 7 in S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. The Inward Scarp of the Parapet... The outward Scarp of the Rampire... The Scarp of the Ditch. 2. The steep face of a hill; = escarp n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > cliff > [noun] cliffOE cleoa1300 cleevec1300 rochec1300 clougha1400 heugha1400 brackc1530 clift1567 perpendicular1604 precipice1607 precipe1615 precipit1623 abrupt1624 scar1673 bluff1687 rock wall1755 krantz1785 linn1799 scarp1802 scaur1805 escarpment1815 rock face1820 escarp1856 hag1868 glint1906 scarping1909 stone-cliff1912 ledra1942 the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [noun] > steep cliffOE cleevec1300 hangingc1400 braea1500 steep1555 steepness1585 proclivity1645 upright1712 sliddera1793 snab1797 scarp1802 escarpment1815 shin1817 escarp1856 hag1868 jump-off1873 inface1896 fault-scarp1897 scarping1909 fault-line scarp1911 steephead1918 jump-up1927 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 410 The scarps of the hills face indiscriminately all points of the compass. 1901 F. H. Trench Deirdre Wed 32 Far up, where darkling copses over-grow Scarps of the gray cliff from his river'd base. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scarpv.¹ Brit. /skɑːp/, U.S. /skɑrp/ Etymology: < scarp n.² transitive. To cut to a steep face, to slope; also to scarp away, down; = escarp v. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > incline [verb (transitive)] > place in a sloping position > make with a slope battera1398 slope1715 escarp1728 ramp1766 scarp1803 1803 Duke of Wellington Let. 15 Dec. in Dispatches (1837) II. 584 The rock is scarped on each side. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. iv. 157 The top of the bank..was artfully scarped away, to augment the strength of the defences. 1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. iii. 73 The elevation of the site..was on this side a steep eminence, which had been scarped like a modern glacis, to render the building more secure. 1865 A. Geikie Scenery & Geol. Scotl. iii. 66 The result has been..to scarp the coasts of the Shetlands into the most rugged and fantastic cliffs. 1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. 173 The rock on which this fort stands was scarped towards the city. 1905 H. R. Haggard in Windsor Mag. Jan. 244 The rock upon one side of it had often been scarped by the hand of man. Derivatives scarped adj. reduced to a steep face, laid bare, cut away, steep. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [adjective] > steep stickleOE steepc1175 shore14.. steyc1480 proclive1524 steeping1530 brant1545 steepy1565 abrupt1591 dreich1597 downsteepy1603 acclive1616 arduous1711 sharp1725 acclivous1730 rapid1785 declivitous1799 acclivitous1803 scarped1823 proclivitous1860 stoss1878 resequent1906 1823 Treat. Field Fortif. 26 When the earth scarped off is used to encrease the height, the original surface should be cut [etc.]. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. v. vi. 331 Redoubts are carried, and Passes and Heights of the most scarped description. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lv. 80 ‘So careful of the type?’ but no. From scarped cliff and quarried stone She cries ‘a thousand types are gone: I care for nothing, all shall go.’ View more context for this quotation 1876 L. Morris Epic of Hades ii. 24 Once the sea Broke louder on the scarpèd reefs. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scarpv.² Brit. /skɑːp/, U.S. /skɑrp/ Etymology: Of obscure origin; possibly the same word as scarp v.¹ Agriculture. intransitive. Of land: To be torn up irregularly. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > break up land [verb (intransitive)] scarp1843 1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 ii. 563 The land is not liable to scarp, as after the common roller. 1866 R. D. Blackmore Cradock Nowell xi His mighty forehead would scarp and chine like the headland when the plough turns. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1562n.²1589v.¹1803v.²1843
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scarpn.1

scarpn.2

scarpv.1

Derivatives

scarpv.2

scarpn.¹

scarpn.²

scarpv.¹

scarpv.²