† routingn.¹

Forms: see rout v.¹ and -ing suffix¹; also late Middle English routeynge.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

Obsolete.

The action of snoring; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > audible breathing > [noun] > snoring

routingc1405

snoringc1440

snorting1575

stertorousness1845

stertoriousnessa1849

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 246 Men myghten hir routyng [v.r. routeynge] heren a furlong.

c1415 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Corpus Oxf.) (1870) l. 4214 Þe wif hire routyng leet And gan to wake.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 438 Rowtynge, yn slepe, stertura.

1519 W. Horman Vulgaria v. f. 46^v Thy routtynge awaked me.

1519 W. Horman Vulgaria v. f. 46^v Thy routtynge is harde hither.

?a1563 W. Baldwin Beware Cat (1584) ii. sig. D Rowting of knaues, snorting of slaues.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ix. x They..keepe such a snorting and routing in their sleepe, that they bewray where they be.

1650 T. Venner Via Recta 304 Offensive rowtings and oftentimes untimely awakings do ensue.

Compounds

routing-house n. a dormitory, esp. in a monastery.

ΚΠ

1440 in A. H. Thompson Visitations Relig. Houses Diocese Lincoln (1927) III. 377 Cum omnium petencium..dormitorium quidam cito dormiunt, quidam ad statim non possunt dormire, quod ordinetur vnus locus in domo vocata Routynghouse, in qua non cito dormientes possint vacare aut studio aut oracioni.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

routingn.²

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English

/ˈrʌʊtɪŋ/,

/ˈrʌʊtɪn/

Forms: see rout v.⁴ and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁴, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout v.⁴ + -ing suffix¹.

Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern).

The action of rout v.⁴; bellowing, roaring; lowing of cattle. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > roaring or bellowing > [noun]

reirdc1330

bellowing1393

roaringa1398

routinga1425

whurling1495

rummishing?a1500

roara1522

boation1646

intonation1658

fremitus1820

bellow1827

fremescence1837

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > roar or bellow

roustc1175

roaringc1225

reirdc1330

roara1393

romyinga1425

routinga1425

belling1582

bellow1818

braming-

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > sound made by > making sound

lowingOE

routinga1425

bellowing1552

mowing1553

mooing1844

a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 42^v Mugitus, lowynge or rowtynge.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 106 Rowtynge, boatus, boema, mugitus.

c1536 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hist. & Chron. Scotl. (1821) II. 172 The oxin, at thair pasture, tuke an uncouth rowting, and schot haistely to deith.

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 124 That they may not hear the rowtinge and blaringe one of another for feare that the kyne breake over to them.

1771 A. M. E. Cooke Hermit Converted 49 The horned cattle a rowting and bellowing.

1778 Gentleman's Mag. 48 408 In Rutting time, bucks keep a continual routing, or bellowing.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. i. 16 They cou'dna get a word o' sense out o' him, for downright fright at their gowling and routing.

1823 A. Laing Thistle of Scotl. 13 The rowtin' o' that dark water.

1916 T. W. Paterson tr. Prov. xx, in Wyse-sayin's o' Solomon 103 The rampagin o' a king is like the rowtin o' a lion.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 105/2 Did ivver onnybody hear sikkan a routin an' racket.

1987 B. Holton tr. S. Nai'an Men o the Mossflow ii, in Sc. Corpus Texts & Speech Frae ayont the waa there cam a rairin an a rowtin an the wild flichterin leam o torches!

Compounds

routing evil n. Scottish rare (now historical) a disease of cattle apparently characterized by loud bellowing (perhaps the furious form of rabies).

ΚΠ

1644 in A. I. Ritchie Churches St. Baldred (1880) 263 The sikness among beastis, callit the routing evil.

1698 Minute Bk. Dumfries Fleshers in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Any unsufficient meat such as routan ill, murivill or any other beast that is..unsufficient.

1967 Sudhoffs Archiv 51 29 Routing Evil or madness, to which oxen were particularly susceptible, was cured by taking a quick (live) ox with one catt and one grit quantitie of salt [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

routingn.³

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English

/ˈrʌʊtɪŋ/,

/ˈrʌʊtɪn/

Forms: see rout v.² and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.², -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout v.² + -ing suffix¹.

Scottish in later use. Now rare.

The action of rout v.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of water > [noun] > roaring of waves

routingc1450

buller1513

rout1513

rut1582

rote1610

c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1933 The noyse whiche I haue herde..ryght so hyt ferde As dooth the rowtynge of the ston That from thengyn ys leten gon.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. iii. 85 Tryton, as sais Bocas, is the bruyt or rowtyng of the wally sey.

1636 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (ed. 4) 85 Through routing of the river rang, The roches, sounding like a sang.

a1800 Baronne o' Gairtly viii, in A. Laing Thistle of Scotl. (1823) 13 The rowtin' o' that darke water Wud hae fley't ten thusan' men.

1898 J. Buchan John Burnet of Barns iv. ii. 291 I aye turn fair sick for the smell o' moss and heather, and the roarin' and routin' o' the burn.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† routingn.⁴

Forms: see rout v.⁶ and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁶, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout v.⁶ + -ing suffix¹.

Obsolete.

The action of rout v.⁶; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > assembling of people or animals

semblinga1300

assembly1413

mustering1440

assemblancec1485

routing1513

assembling1611

congregating1649

assemblationa1734

trooping1809

1513 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) (modernized text) I. 95 For riding furth of burgh in warlike manner in ‘routing’, and for thereby breaking the Acts of Parliament.

1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie iii. 16 When folke..keep rowtings in Tauerns or Alehouses.

1650 (title) The routing of the ranters, a true relation, with some of their abominable..behaviour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

routingn.⁵

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout v.⁹ + -ing suffix¹. Compare slightly later rooting n.² With routing tool at Compounds compare earlier router n.⁵ I.

1. = rooting n.² 1.

ΚΠ

1541 Schole House of Women sig. B.ii^v Paynt them rounde, with many a pyn Rynged for routyng, of pure golde.

1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 124 Leauing..M. Heskins with his groyne serching in that swill, I will chase him from routing in the holy auntient garden of Irenæus.

1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation ii. iii. xvii. 102/1 By the Largeness and depth of his [sc. a boar's] routing, his greatness may be known.

1770 T. Arnold Neues Deutsch-Englisches Wörterbuch (ed. 3) 364/1 The Rooting or Routing of Swine.

1875 R. D. Blackmore Alice Lorraine III. vi. 89 I would give a month's tithes for a good day's routing among that boy's accumulations.

1906 Jrnl. Jamaica Agric. Soc. Jan. 27 The routing of the pigs does very little harm through the breaking of the roots.

2004 Arable Farming (Nexis) 20 Dec. 14 Heavy trampling of soil by sheep and cattle, and routing by free range pigs.

†2. The action of tossing or shaking something about. Cf. rout v.⁹ 4a. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1829 T. Moore Moral Positions in Odes upon Cash iv. 261 To guard the frail package from tousing and routing, There stood my Lord Eld-n, endorsing it ‘Glass’.

3. The cutting of a groove or other recess in the surface of a material; the action of cutting, hollowing out, or working at a material using a router (router n.⁵ 1). Also with out. Cf. rout v.⁹ 3b.Recorded earliest in compound (see Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > [noun] > other tools or equipment

filinga1398

shovellingc1440

stamp1598

routing1846

stropping1850

beetling1859

screwdriving1864

lapping machine1877

lapping plate1877

side milling1878

broaching1888

hobbing1930

1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 737 The stringings..are inlaid with the routing gage.

1916 Edison Monthly Dec. 273/1 The finishing processes are likewise greatly facilitated by electric drive, the routing out of the excess metal in line cuts..being..accomplished by motor.

1934 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 70/2 The routing of flat sheets of metal on the drill press is made much easier by clamping the metal to a board.

1958 New Scientist 17 July 441/1 The chief applications of the intricately shaped parts produced from solid metal by routing are in the aircraft industry.

1976 C. H. Groneman Gen. Woodworking (ed. 5) xlvi. 224 (caption) Freehand routing of a penciled design.

1998 P. Spielman Art of Router vii. 46/1 Additional topics include joinery,..surface routing of flat stock or duplicating plain, old round turnings.

Compounds

General attributive (in sense 3), as routing machine, routing tool, routing work, etc.

ΚΠ

1846*Routing gage [see sense 3].

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1995/2 Routing-machine, a shaping-machine which works by means of a router-cutter..revolving above a bed with universal horizontal adjustment.

1903 Internat. Libr. Technol.: Wood Working 4 22 A routing plane, which is used in cutting out recesses, or depressions, in wood.

1935 Times 9 Nov. 4/4 Blind men..use, unaided, the circular saw and the routing machine (a speed of 15,000 revolutions a minute) to carve the animals.

1970 Pop. Sci. Dec. 109 A radial-arm saw is a ready-made clamp for holding routing work in all sorts of positions.

2006 D. Macfarlane Beyond Basics: Gourd Art 8/2 When creating gourds with irregular edges or carvings, use a power tool like a routing tool.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

routingn.⁶

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/

Forms: see rout v.¹¹ and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.¹¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout v.¹¹ + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier rout n.⁶

The action of rout v.¹¹; esp. the action of routing an enemy force. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > action of putting to flight

dislodging1523

routing1604

1604 C. Edmondes Observ. Cæsars Comm. II. vii. xv. 80 The disorder or rowting of an enemie which is caused by the bow-men.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iv. v. 85 So vain is it, for men to outvie Gods routings, with their recruitings.

1698 in J. Stevens tr. M. de Faria y Sousa Hist. Portugal Suppl. 433 The Portugueses..were much troubled to be disappointed of meeting the Spanish Army, the routing of which they had promised to themselves.

1750 A. Collins Suppl. Peerage Eng. I. 122 The Routing of the Ottoman Army before Vienna.

1823 Evangelical Witness (Amer. Evangelical Tract Soc.) Mar. 338 Victors exulted in the routing of armies.

1894 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ Real Charlotte I. iv. 39 Norry the Boat..had seldom enjoyed anything more than this day of turmoil, this routing of her ancient enemies.

1935 D. L. Lutes Country Kitchen (1992) ix. 176 At bedtime..he would sip the vicious remedy to a complete routing of the disease.

1938 Times 1 Apr. 6/5 England's strength rested mainly on the forwards, who did their full share in the routing of Ireland.

1999 J. H. Alexander et al. Battle Hist. U.S. Marines xv. 284 Ironically, the Marines' greatest battle occurred during..the routing of American and Allied forces in upper North Korea.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† routingn.⁷

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout n.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rout n.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

Obsolete.

The action of attending routs (rout n.¹ 8), esp. habitually or frequently; habitual attendance at routs.Earliest in routing day n. rare a day suitable for holding a rout.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] > crowded or fashionable > frequenting

routing1751

society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] > crowded or fashionable > day of

routing day1751

1751 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. x. 2 The day is to-morrow; but that not being a proper routing day, I choose to have them on the eve.

1754 J. Shebbeare Marriage Act II. li. 95 Lady Sapplin returned to the London Life of Visiting, Routing, Carding, Plays.

1767 S. Lennox Life & Lett. (1901) I. 211 I own I am wore to death with routing.

1885 L. Wingfield Barbara Philpot III. vi. 142 In company they [sc. persons of condition] must..go each a distinct round of visiting, routing, carding, and so forth.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

routingn.⁸

Brit.

/ˈruːtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrudɪŋ/,

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/

Forms: 1800s– routeing, 1800s– routing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: route n.¹, -ing suffix¹; route v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < route n.¹ + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < route v. + -ing suffix¹.In British English, the form routeing is sometimes preferred to distinguish the word from e.g. routing n.⁶ (pronounced /ˈraʊtɪŋ/), but the form routing is more common.

The action or an act of route v.; the manner in which something is (to be) routed. Also occasionally: the action of marking the position of a route.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > delineation or allocation of

routing1869

1869 Glasgow Herald 31 Mar. 6/1 The joint-purse committee..unanimously passed a minute as to the routing of the traffic.

1881 National Baptist 17 374 The coloring and routeing of the map..add greatly to its value.

1903 Electr. World & Engineer 23 May 856/1 The facility which such combination lends to through routing of cars.

1942 Life 14 Dec. 102/3 This office plots routings of all United Nations shipping in the Eastern Hemisphere.

1964 F. L. Westwater Electronic Computers iii. 28 The routing and control of a sequence of pulses throughout a computer depends on an appropriate assembly of switching circuits.

1989 Endless Vac. Jan.–Feb. 128 In the burgeoning days of air travel, plane routings, especially by Pan American, were stretching faster than hotels were rising.

2009 World Devel. Rep. (World Bank) vi. 173 The routing of these transport links greatly influenced the rise and decline of urban agglomerations.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ΚΠ

1887 5th Ann. Rep. Board Railroad Commissioners, Kansas 82 No routing directions had been received from the connecting line.

1938 T. E. Herbert & W. S. Procter Telephony II. ix. 393 Each manual exchange adopting direct 7-digit keysending utilizes a suitable automatic exchange as a routing centre for the whole of its indirectly routed traffic.

1975 Daily Tel. 12 Feb. 14 Postal addresses are in effect routing directions.

2002 J. R. Webb Understanding & designing Market Res. (ed. 2) x. 182 The interviewers..are unsure as to how to use it because the routing instructions are overly complicated.

C2.

routing table n. Telecommunications and Computing a table specifying the path by which a signal, data packet, etc., should be routed in order to reach its destination; (in later use esp.) one stored electronically, typically in the memory of a router (router n.⁶).

ΚΠ

1937 Brit. Patent 471,763 8/2 An operator at the exchange..refers to her routing table to ascertain the exchanges through which the call will have to pass to reach its destination.

1986 Science 28 Feb. 948/1 Neither uucp nor usenet has a central management; volunteers maintain and distribute the routing tables for the network.

2009 C. Leiden & M. Wilensky TCP/IP for Dummies (ed. 6) viii. 133 On big fancy routers, the routing tables also store statistics on which routes are fastest and shortest.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† routingadj.¹

Forms: see rout v.³ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.³, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rout v.³ + -ing suffix².

Obsolete.

1. That moves swiftly or forcefully.See also note at rout v.³ 1a.

ΚΠ

eOE (Northumbrian) Leiden Riddle 7 Uundnae me ni biað ueflæ, ni ic uarp hafæ, ni ðerih ðreatun giðraec ðret me hlimmith, ne me hrutendu hrisil scelfath.

OE Riddle 35 7 Wundene me ne beoð wefle.., ne æt me hrutende hrisil scriþeð.

2. Esp. of weather: powerful, violent; (of wind, rain, etc.) driving.

ΚΠ

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 354 I sende out..Such a rowtande ryge þat rayne schal swyþe.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 117 (MED) Þe sonne..Somtyme..riseþ cleer & bright..but þanne comeþ a routynge wynd aȝenst hym þat makeþ the bright colour as reed as fuyre.

a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) 1828 I schape þese schrewys to makyl schame; Iche rappyth on oþyr wyth rowtynge rele.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1986 With a routond rayn ruthe to beholde.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

routingadj.²

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English

/ˈrutɪŋ/,

/ˈrʌʊtɪŋ/, Irish English

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/

Forms: see rout v.² and -ing suffix²; also 1700s rowtining (probably transmission error).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.², -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rout v.² + -ing suffix².Attested earlier in the river name Le Ruttanburn, Renfrewshire (1294); compare also Routenburn, Ayrshire, North Rotten Burn, Ayrshire, Rotten Burn, Lanarkshire, Rotten Calder Water, Lanarkshire, etc.

Scottish and Irish English (northern). Now rare.

Of the sea, a river, etc.: that makes a loud noise; roaring. Also: characterized by the roaring of water. Now chiefly in place names.† routing wheel n. Obsolete a whirlpool.

ΚΠ

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iv. 75 Passit eke haue ȝe The evir rowtand [L. sonantis] Caribdis rolkis fell.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. i. 132 Ane cheif gret forest..namyt from a haly routand well [L. sacro fonte sonat].

a1612 W. Fowler Wks. (1914) I. 221 Seing roring seis from roks rebound By ebbs and streames of contrair routing tyds.

1684 R. Sibbald Scotl. Illustr. i. i. 21 Monachopoli.., Fons est vulgó The routing Well dictus.

c1721 A. Ramsay Wks. (1961) III. 158 For Rowtining [sic] Clyd and fleechyng Tweed.

1744 C. Smith Antient & Present State County Down Index Ranting or routing Wheel, a Rock.

1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XVI. 9 The Routing Well at Monktoun, that is said always to predict a storm.

1867 T. Carlyle E. Irving 303 Especially one [bridge] called ‘rowting’, i.e. bellowing or roaring ‘Brig’, spanning a grand loud cataract.

1881 G. Massey Bk. of Beginnings I. v. 199 There is a routing-well at Inveresk, Midlothian, which is said to predict storms by the noise it makes.

1901 G. F. Savage-Armstrong Ballads of Down 371 Dangerous eddies..named, from their loud and ominous roaring sound, ‘the Routing Rocks’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

routingadj.³

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English

/ˈrutɪŋ/,

/ˈrutɪn/

Forms: see rout v.⁴ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁴, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rout v.⁴ + -ing suffix².

Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern).

1. Of a sound, voice, etc.: resembling a roar; extremely loud.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective]

loud971

stithc1000

strongOE

greata1375

stiff1377

wrastc1400

boistousc1430

stourc1440

big1549

routing1567

thundering?1576

full-mouthed1594

thunderous1606

tonitruous1606

thundery1608

trump-like1609

full-mouth1624

voluminousa1635

rousing1640

altisonous1661

lusty1672

tonitrual1693

rending1719

trumpet-like1814

foudroyant1840

clarion1842

trumpeting1850

trumpet-toned1851

loudish1860

tonitruant1861

tonant1891

thunderful1898

high1923

wham-bam1960

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > loud or resonant > having loud voice

routing1567

full-mouthed1594

deep-moutheda1616

full-mouth1624

well-lunged1642

flounder-mouthed1663

bull-voiced1837

loud-voiced1850

shoutya1859

stentorian1875

trumpet-tongued1880

bull-throated1888

trumpet-mouthed1895

bull-mouthed1896

trumpet-voiced1902

1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Pistles in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. D.vii^v I resignde these toyes Which you aduance vp to the skyes with mighty rowting noyse.

1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome i. f. 8 They laugh and with a rowting noyse, their greefe they plaine discrye.

1609 W. Cowper Three Heauenly Treat. Romanes iii. 447 Beasts being beaten vtter vnruly and rowting voyces.

1837 J. D. Carrick Laird of Logan 2nd Ser. 312 The bull left the herd... Will, in self-defence, shook his stick and..made a kind of rowting noise or sound with his mouth.

1896 Leeds Mercury 8 Aug. Suppl. Let's hae noane o' thi gurt rawtin' din.

2. That bellows; that roars; (more generally) noisy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > roaring or bellowing > [adjective]

crying1398

roaringc1425

whurling1495

reirding1591

routinga1609

bellowing1619

bombardical1645

rummishing1653

polyphloisboian1824

polyphloisboiotic1843

polyphloisboiic1863

polyphloisbic1915

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [adjective] > that makes sound

lowingOE

routinga1609

a1609 A. Hume Day Estivall (1902) 228 Of bleiting sheepe.., Of calues and rowting ky.

1801 J. Thomson Poems Sc. Dial. 7 He left to them a routin' horn.

1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale 157/1 A rowting cow soonest forgets its calf.

1898 J. M. Cobban Angel of Covenant ii. 28 What a raw, routing creature is the lad of the North at that age!

1943 D. Young Auntran Blads 20 The rowtan kye come schauchlan doun.

2000 B. Leeming Scots Haiku II 60 Near Spean Brig caur rummle kemps wi rowtin herts.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† routingadj.⁴

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁶, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rout v.⁶ + -ing suffix².

Obsolete. rare.

Turbulent, tumultuous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [adjective]

troublousc1449

unquiet?1520

troublesome1548

tumultuous1548

disturbed1593

hurly-burly1598

wild1600

unsettled1605

routing1634

tumultuary1650

dissettled1673

embroiled1709

weltering1831

1634 C. Downing State Eccl. Kingdom 97 In that routing-rush of reformation, who could expect but the part corrected must needs be for the time neare to utter ruine.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

routingadj.⁵

Brit.

/ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈraʊdɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rout v.⁹ + -ing suffix². Compare earlier routing n.⁵ Compare also earlier rooting adj.¹

Now rare.

That routs (in various senses of rout v.⁹). Cf. rooting adj.¹

ΚΠ

1721 S. Croxall Heathen Priestcraft in Fair Circassian (ed. 2) 43 Ceres in Wrath demands the routing Swine, Bacchus the Goat, for nibbling of his Vine.

1758 T. Edwards Canons of Criticism (ed. 6) xliv. 324 Do thou the monumental hillock guard From trampling cattle, and the routing swine.

1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 43 Curse upon that routing jade, My territories to invade, Who finds me out in evil hour, To brush, and clean, and scrub, and scour.

1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country 80 An egregious sheep, Zealous with scratching hoof and routing horn, Unearthed the image.

1983 T. Hughes River 34 After a routing flood-rain, the river Was a sounder of wild muddy pigs Flushed out of the hillsides.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹c1405

n.²a1425

n.³c1450

n.⁴1513

n.⁵1541

n.⁶1604

n.⁷1751

n.⁸1869

adj.¹eOE

adj.²1513

adj.³1567

adj.⁴1634

adj.⁵1721

单词	routing
释义	† routingn.¹ Forms: see rout v.¹ and -ing suffix¹; also late Middle English routeynge. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. Obsolete. The action of snoring; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > breathing > audible breathing > [noun] > snoring routingc1405 snoringc1440 snorting1575 stertorousness1845 stertoriousnessa1849 c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 246 Men myghten hir routyng [v.r. routeynge] heren a furlong. c1415 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Corpus Oxf.) (1870) l. 4214 Þe wif hire routyng leet And gan to wake. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 438 Rowtynge, yn slepe, stertura. 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria v. f. 46^v Thy routtynge awaked me. 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria v. f. 46^v Thy routtynge is harde hither. ?a1563 W. Baldwin Beware Cat (1584) ii. sig. D Rowting of knaues, snorting of slaues. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ix. x They..keepe such a snorting and routing in their sleepe, that they bewray where they be. 1650 T. Venner Via Recta 304 Offensive rowtings and oftentimes untimely awakings do ensue. Compounds routing-house n. a dormitory, esp. in a monastery. ΚΠ 1440 in A. H. Thompson Visitations Relig. Houses Diocese Lincoln (1927) III. 377 Cum omnium petencium..dormitorium quidam cito dormiunt, quidam ad statim non possunt dormire, quod ordinetur vnus locus in domo vocata Routynghouse, in qua non cito dormientes possint vacare aut studio aut oracioni. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020). routingn.² Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English /ˈrʌʊtɪŋ/, /ˈrʌʊtɪn/ Forms: see rout v.⁴ and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁴, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout v.⁴ + -ing suffix¹. Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). The action of rout v.⁴; bellowing, roaring; lowing of cattle. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > roaring or bellowing > [noun] reirdc1330 bellowing1393 roaringa1398 routinga1425 whurling1495 rummishing?a1500 roara1522 boation1646 intonation1658 fremitus1820 bellow1827 fremescence1837 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > roar or bellow roustc1175 roaringc1225 reirdc1330 roara1393 romyinga1425 routinga1425 belling1582 bellow1818 braming- the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > sound made by > making sound lowingOE routinga1425 bellowing1552 mowing1553 mooing1844 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 42^v Mugitus, lowynge or rowtynge. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 106 Rowtynge, boatus, boema, mugitus. c1536 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hist. & Chron. Scotl. (1821) II. 172 The oxin, at thair pasture, tuke an uncouth rowting, and schot haistely to deith. a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 124 That they may not hear the rowtinge and blaringe one of another for feare that the kyne breake over to them. 1771 A. M. E. Cooke Hermit Converted 49 The horned cattle a rowting and bellowing. 1778 Gentleman's Mag. 48 408 In Rutting time, bucks keep a continual routing, or bellowing. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. i. 16 They cou'dna get a word o' sense out o' him, for downright fright at their gowling and routing. 1823 A. Laing Thistle of Scotl. 13 The rowtin' o' that dark water. 1916 T. W. Paterson tr. Prov. xx, in Wyse-sayin's o' Solomon 103 The rampagin o' a king is like the rowtin o' a lion. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 105/2 Did ivver onnybody hear sikkan a routin an' racket. 1987 B. Holton tr. S. Nai'an Men o the Mossflow ii, in Sc. Corpus Texts & Speech Frae ayont the waa there cam a rairin an a rowtin an the wild flichterin leam o torches! Compounds routing evil n. Scottish rare (now historical) a disease of cattle apparently characterized by loud bellowing (perhaps the furious form of rabies). ΚΠ 1644 in A. I. Ritchie Churches St. Baldred (1880) 263 The sikness among beastis, callit the routing evil. 1698 Minute Bk. Dumfries Fleshers in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Any unsufficient meat such as routan ill, murivill or any other beast that is..unsufficient. 1967 Sudhoffs Archiv 51 29 Routing Evil or madness, to which oxen were particularly susceptible, was cured by taking a quick (live) ox with one catt and one grit quantitie of salt [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). routingn.³ Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English /ˈrʌʊtɪŋ/, /ˈrʌʊtɪn/ Forms: see rout v.² and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.², -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout v.² + -ing suffix¹. Scottish in later use. Now rare. The action of rout v.² ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of water > [noun] > roaring of waves routingc1450 buller1513 rout1513 rut1582 rote1610 c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1933 The noyse whiche I haue herde..ryght so hyt ferde As dooth the rowtynge of the ston That from thengyn ys leten gon. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. iii. 85 Tryton, as sais Bocas, is the bruyt or rowtyng of the wally sey. 1636 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (ed. 4) 85 Through routing of the river rang, The roches, sounding like a sang. a1800 Baronne o' Gairtly viii, in A. Laing Thistle of Scotl. (1823) 13 The rowtin' o' that darke water Wud hae fley't ten thusan' men. 1898 J. Buchan John Burnet of Barns iv. ii. 291 I aye turn fair sick for the smell o' moss and heather, and the roarin' and routin' o' the burn. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † routingn.⁴ Forms: see rout v.⁶ and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁶, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout v.⁶ + -ing suffix¹. Obsolete. The action of rout v.⁶; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > assembling of people or animals semblinga1300 assembly1413 mustering1440 assemblancec1485 routing1513 assembling1611 congregating1649 assemblationa1734 trooping1809 1513 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) (modernized text) I. 95 For riding furth of burgh in warlike manner in ‘routing’, and for thereby breaking the Acts of Parliament. 1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie iii. 16 When folke..keep rowtings in Tauerns or Alehouses. 1650 (title) The routing of the ranters, a true relation, with some of their abominable..behaviour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2018). routingn.⁵ Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout v.⁹ + -ing suffix¹. Compare slightly later rooting n.² With routing tool at Compounds compare earlier router n.⁵ I. 1. = rooting n.² 1. ΚΠ 1541 Schole House of Women sig. B.ii^v Paynt them rounde, with many a pyn Rynged for routyng, of pure golde. 1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 124 Leauing..M. Heskins with his groyne serching in that swill, I will chase him from routing in the holy auntient garden of Irenæus. 1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation ii. iii. xvii. 102/1 By the Largeness and depth of his [sc. a boar's] routing, his greatness may be known. 1770 T. Arnold Neues Deutsch-Englisches Wörterbuch (ed. 3) 364/1 The Rooting or Routing of Swine. 1875 R. D. Blackmore Alice Lorraine III. vi. 89 I would give a month's tithes for a good day's routing among that boy's accumulations. 1906 Jrnl. Jamaica Agric. Soc. Jan. 27 The routing of the pigs does very little harm through the breaking of the roots. 2004 Arable Farming (Nexis) 20 Dec. 14 Heavy trampling of soil by sheep and cattle, and routing by free range pigs. †2. The action of tossing or shaking something about. Cf. rout v.⁹ 4a. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1829 T. Moore Moral Positions in Odes upon Cash iv. 261 To guard the frail package from tousing and routing, There stood my Lord Eld-n, endorsing it ‘Glass’. 3. The cutting of a groove or other recess in the surface of a material; the action of cutting, hollowing out, or working at a material using a router (router n.⁵ 1). Also with out. Cf. rout v.⁹ 3b.Recorded earliest in compound (see Compounds). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > [noun] > other tools or equipment filinga1398 shovellingc1440 stamp1598 routing1846 stropping1850 beetling1859 screwdriving1864 lapping machine1877 lapping plate1877 side milling1878 broaching1888 hobbing1930 1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 737 The stringings..are inlaid with the routing gage. 1916 Edison Monthly Dec. 273/1 The finishing processes are likewise greatly facilitated by electric drive, the routing out of the excess metal in line cuts..being..accomplished by motor. 1934 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 70/2 The routing of flat sheets of metal on the drill press is made much easier by clamping the metal to a board. 1958 New Scientist 17 July 441/1 The chief applications of the intricately shaped parts produced from solid metal by routing are in the aircraft industry. 1976 C. H. Groneman Gen. Woodworking (ed. 5) xlvi. 224 (caption) Freehand routing of a penciled design. 1998 P. Spielman Art of Router vii. 46/1 Additional topics include joinery,..surface routing of flat stock or duplicating plain, old round turnings. Compounds General attributive (in sense 3), as routing machine, routing tool, routing work, etc. ΚΠ 1846Routing gage [see sense 3]. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict.* III. 1995/2 Routing-machine, a shaping-machine which works by means of a router-cutter..revolving above a bed with universal horizontal adjustment. 1903 Internat. Libr. Technol.: Wood Working 4 22 A routing plane, which is used in cutting out recesses, or depressions, in wood. 1935 Times 9 Nov. 4/4 Blind men..use, unaided, the circular saw and the routing machine (a speed of 15,000 revolutions a minute) to carve the animals. 1970 Pop. Sci. Dec. 109 A radial-arm saw is a ready-made clamp for holding routing work in all sorts of positions. 2006 D. Macfarlane Beyond Basics: Gourd Art 8/2 When creating gourds with irregular edges or carvings, use a power tool like a routing tool. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). routingn.⁶ Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/ Forms: see rout v.¹¹ and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.¹¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout v.¹¹ + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier rout n.⁶ The action of rout v.¹¹; esp. the action of routing an enemy force. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > action of putting to flight dislodging1523 routing1604 1604 C. Edmondes Observ. Cæsars Comm. II. vii. xv. 80 The disorder or rowting of an enemie which is caused by the bow-men. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iv. v. 85 So vain is it, for men to outvie Gods routings, with their recruitings. 1698 in J. Stevens tr. M. de Faria y Sousa Hist. Portugal Suppl. 433 The Portugueses..were much troubled to be disappointed of meeting the Spanish Army, the routing of which they had promised to themselves. 1750 A. Collins Suppl. Peerage Eng. I. 122 The Routing of the Ottoman Army before Vienna. 1823 Evangelical Witness (Amer. Evangelical Tract Soc.) Mar. 338 Victors exulted in the routing of armies. 1894 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ Real Charlotte I. iv. 39 Norry the Boat..had seldom enjoyed anything more than this day of turmoil, this routing of her ancient enemies. 1935 D. L. Lutes Country Kitchen (1992) ix. 176 At bedtime..he would sip the vicious remedy to a complete routing of the disease. 1938 Times 1 Apr. 6/5 England's strength rested mainly on the forwards, who did their full share in the routing of Ireland. 1999 J. H. Alexander et al. Battle Hist. U.S. Marines xv. 284 Ironically, the Marines' greatest battle occurred during..the routing of American and Allied forces in upper North Korea. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † routingn.⁷ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout n.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rout n.¹ + -ing suffix¹. Obsolete. The action of attending routs (rout n.¹ 8), esp. habitually or frequently; habitual attendance at routs.Earliest in routing day n. rare a day suitable for holding a rout. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] > crowded or fashionable > frequenting routing1751 society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] > crowded or fashionable > day of routing day1751 1751 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. x. 2 The day is to-morrow; but that not being a proper routing day, I choose to have them on the eve. 1754 J. Shebbeare Marriage Act II. li. 95 Lady Sapplin returned to the London Life of Visiting, Routing, Carding, Plays. 1767 S. Lennox Life & Lett. (1901) I. 211 I own I am wore to death with routing. 1885 L. Wingfield Barbara Philpot III. vi. 142 In company they [sc. persons of condition] must..go each a distinct round of visiting, routing, carding, and so forth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2018). routingn.⁸ Brit. /ˈruːtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrudɪŋ/, /ˈraʊdɪŋ/ Forms: 1800s– routeing, 1800s– routing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: route n.¹, -ing suffix¹; route v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < route n.¹ + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < route v. + -ing suffix¹.In British English, the form routeing is sometimes preferred to distinguish the word from e.g. routing n.⁶ (pronounced /ˈraʊtɪŋ/), but the form routing is more common. The action or an act of route v.; the manner in which something is (to be) routed. Also occasionally: the action of marking the position of a route. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > delineation or allocation of routing1869 1869 Glasgow Herald 31 Mar. 6/1 The joint-purse committee..unanimously passed a minute as to the routing of the traffic. 1881 National Baptist 17 374 The coloring and routeing of the map..add greatly to its value. 1903 Electr. World & Engineer 23 May 856/1 The facility which such combination lends to through routing of cars. 1942 Life 14 Dec. 102/3 This office plots routings of all United Nations shipping in the Eastern Hemisphere. 1964 F. L. Westwater Electronic Computers iii. 28 The routing and control of a sequence of pulses throughout a computer depends on an appropriate assembly of switching circuits. 1989 Endless Vac. Jan.–Feb. 128 In the burgeoning days of air travel, plane routings, especially by Pan American, were stretching faster than hotels were rising. 2009 World Devel. Rep. (World Bank) vi. 173 The routing of these transport links greatly influenced the rise and decline of urban agglomerations. Compounds C1. General attributive. ΚΠ 1887 5th Ann. Rep. Board Railroad Commissioners, Kansas 82 No routing directions had been received from the connecting line. 1938 T. E. Herbert & W. S. Procter Telephony II. ix. 393 Each manual exchange adopting direct 7-digit keysending utilizes a suitable automatic exchange as a routing centre for the whole of its indirectly routed traffic. 1975 Daily Tel. 12 Feb. 14 Postal addresses are in effect routing directions. 2002 J. R. Webb Understanding & designing Market Res. (ed. 2) x. 182 The interviewers..are unsure as to how to use it because the routing instructions are overly complicated. C2. routing table n. Telecommunications and Computing a table specifying the path by which a signal, data packet, etc., should be routed in order to reach its destination; (in later use esp.) one stored electronically, typically in the memory of a router (router n.⁶). ΚΠ 1937 Brit. Patent 471,763 8/2 An operator at the exchange..refers to her routing table to ascertain the exchanges through which the call will have to pass to reach its destination. 1986 Science 28 Feb. 948/1 Neither uucp nor usenet has a central management; volunteers maintain and distribute the routing tables for the network. 2009 C. Leiden & M. Wilensky TCP/IP for Dummies (ed. 6) viii. 133 On big fancy routers, the routing tables also store statistics on which routes are fastest and shortest. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † routingadj.¹ Forms: see rout v.³ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.³, -ing suffix². Etymology: < rout v.³ + -ing suffix². Obsolete. 1. That moves swiftly or forcefully.See also note at rout v.³ 1a. ΚΠ eOE (Northumbrian) Leiden Riddle 7 Uundnae me ni biað ueflæ, ni ic uarp hafæ, ni ðerih ðreatun giðraec ðret me hlimmith, ne me hrutendu hrisil scelfath. OE Riddle 35 7 Wundene me ne beoð wefle.., ne æt me hrutende hrisil scriþeð. 2. Esp. of weather: powerful, violent; (of wind, rain, etc.) driving. ΚΠ c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 354 I sende out..Such a rowtande ryge þat rayne schal swyþe. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 117 (MED) Þe sonne..Somtyme..riseþ cleer & bright..but þanne comeþ a routynge wynd aȝenst hym þat makeþ the bright colour as reed as fuyre. a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) 1828 I schape þese schrewys to makyl schame; Iche rappyth on oþyr wyth rowtynge rele. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1986 With a routond rayn ruthe to beholde. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2020). routingadj.² Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English /ˈrutɪŋ/, /ˈrʌʊtɪŋ/, Irish English /ˈraʊtɪŋ/ Forms: see rout v.² and -ing suffix²; also 1700s rowtining (probably transmission error). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.², -ing suffix². Etymology: < rout v.² + -ing suffix².Attested earlier in the river name Le Ruttanburn, Renfrewshire (1294); compare also Routenburn, Ayrshire, North Rotten Burn, Ayrshire, Rotten Burn, Lanarkshire, Rotten Calder Water, Lanarkshire, etc. Scottish and Irish English (northern). Now rare. Of the sea, a river, etc.: that makes a loud noise; roaring. Also: characterized by the roaring of water. Now chiefly in place names.† routing wheel n. Obsolete a whirlpool. ΚΠ 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iv. 75 Passit eke haue ȝe The evir rowtand [L. sonantis] Caribdis rolkis fell. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. i. 132 Ane cheif gret forest..namyt from a haly routand well [L. sacro fonte sonat]. a1612 W. Fowler Wks. (1914) I. 221 Seing roring seis from roks rebound By ebbs and streames of contrair routing tyds. 1684 R. Sibbald Scotl. Illustr. i. i. 21 Monachopoli.., Fons est vulgó The routing Well dictus. c1721 A. Ramsay Wks. (1961) III. 158 For Rowtining [sic] Clyd and fleechyng Tweed. 1744 C. Smith Antient & Present State County Down Index Ranting or routing Wheel, a Rock. 1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XVI. 9 The Routing Well at Monktoun, that is said always to predict a storm. 1867 T. Carlyle E. Irving 303 Especially one [bridge] called ‘rowting’, i.e. bellowing or roaring ‘Brig’, spanning a grand loud cataract. 1881 G. Massey Bk. of Beginnings I. v. 199 There is a routing-well at Inveresk, Midlothian, which is said to predict storms by the noise it makes. 1901 G. F. Savage-Armstrong Ballads of Down 371 Dangerous eddies..named, from their loud and ominous roaring sound, ‘the Routing Rocks’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). routingadj.³ Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/, Scottish English /ˈrutɪŋ/, /ˈrutɪn/ Forms: see rout v.⁴ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁴, -ing suffix². Etymology: < rout v.⁴ + -ing suffix². Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). 1. Of a sound, voice, etc.: resembling a roar; extremely loud. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective] loud971 stithc1000 strongOE greata1375 stiff1377 wrastc1400 boistousc1430 stourc1440 big1549 routing1567 thundering?1576 full-mouthed1594 thunderous1606 tonitruous1606 thundery1608 trump-like1609 full-mouth1624 voluminousa1635 rousing1640 altisonous1661 lusty1672 tonitrual1693 rending1719 trumpet-like1814 foudroyant1840 clarion1842 trumpeting1850 trumpet-toned1851 loudish1860 tonitruant1861 tonant1891 thunderful1898 high1923 wham-bam1960 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > loud or resonant > having loud voice routing1567 full-mouthed1594 deep-moutheda1616 full-mouth1624 well-lunged1642 flounder-mouthed1663 bull-voiced1837 loud-voiced1850 shoutya1859 stentorian1875 trumpet-tongued1880 bull-throated1888 trumpet-mouthed1895 bull-mouthed1896 trumpet-voiced1902 1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Pistles in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. D.vii^v I resignde these toyes Which you aduance vp to the skyes with mighty rowting noyse. 1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome i. f. 8 They laugh and with a rowting noyse, their greefe they plaine discrye. 1609 W. Cowper Three Heauenly Treat. Romanes iii. 447 Beasts being beaten vtter vnruly and rowting voyces. 1837 J. D. Carrick Laird of Logan 2nd Ser. 312 The bull left the herd... Will, in self-defence, shook his stick and..made a kind of rowting noise or sound with his mouth. 1896 Leeds Mercury 8 Aug. Suppl. Let's hae noane o' thi gurt rawtin' din. 2. That bellows; that roars; (more generally) noisy. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > roaring or bellowing > [adjective] crying1398 roaringc1425 whurling1495 reirding1591 routinga1609 bellowing1619 bombardical1645 rummishing1653 polyphloisboian1824 polyphloisboiotic1843 polyphloisboiic1863 polyphloisbic1915 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [adjective] > that makes sound lowingOE routinga1609 a1609 A. Hume Day Estivall (1902) 228 Of bleiting sheepe.., Of calues and rowting ky. 1801 J. Thomson Poems Sc. Dial. 7 He left to them a routin' horn. 1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale 157/1 A rowting cow soonest forgets its calf. 1898 J. M. Cobban Angel of Covenant ii. 28 What a raw, routing creature is the lad of the North at that age! 1943 D. Young Auntran Blads 20 The rowtan kye come schauchlan doun. 2000 B. Leeming Scots Haiku II 60 Near Spean Brig caur rummle kemps wi rowtin herts. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † routingadj.⁴ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁶, -ing suffix². Etymology: < rout v.⁶ + -ing suffix². Obsolete. rare. Turbulent, tumultuous. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [adjective] troublousc1449 unquiet?1520 troublesome1548 tumultuous1548 disturbed1593 hurly-burly1598 wild1600 unsettled1605 routing1634 tumultuary1650 dissettled1673 embroiled1709 weltering1831 1634 C. Downing State Eccl. Kingdom 97 In that routing-rush of reformation, who could expect but the part corrected must needs be for the time neare to utter ruine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2018). routingadj.⁵ Brit. /ˈraʊtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈraʊdɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rout v.⁹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < rout v.⁹ + -ing suffix². Compare earlier routing n.⁵ Compare also earlier rooting adj.¹ Now rare. That routs (in various senses of rout v.⁹). Cf. rooting adj.¹ ΚΠ 1721 S. Croxall Heathen Priestcraft in Fair Circassian (ed. 2) 43 Ceres in Wrath demands the routing Swine, Bacchus the Goat, for nibbling of his Vine. 1758 T. Edwards Canons of Criticism (ed. 6) xliv. 324 Do thou the monumental hillock guard From trampling cattle, and the routing swine. 1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 43 Curse upon that routing jade, My territories to invade, Who finds me out in evil hour, To brush, and clean, and scrub, and scour. 1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country 80 An egregious sheep, Zealous with scratching hoof and routing horn, Unearthed the image. 1983 T. Hughes River 34 After a routing flood-rain, the river Was a sounder of wild muddy pigs Flushed out of the hillsides. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1405n.²a1425n.³c1450n.⁴1513n.⁵1541n.⁶1604n.⁷1751n.⁸1869adj.¹eOEadj.²1513adj.³1567adj.⁴1634adj.⁵1721
随便看	transecting transection transections transects transegyptian transelement transelementate transelementation transelementing transeminency transeminent transeminently transempirical transepithelial transept transept aisle transept chapel transeptal transeptally transepted transepts transequatorial transer transessentiate transessentiating

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