rotan.

Brit.

/ˈrəʊtə/, U.S.

/ˈroʊdə/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rota.

Etymology: < classical Latin rota wheel, in post-classical Latin also a musical composition in the form of a round (a1300 in a British source, or earlier), one of the three judicial branches of the Curia (1336; from 1447 in British sources) < the same Indo-European base as rat n.³ With sense 1 compare Italian Rota (1560 in the same source as the passage translated in quot. 1561 at sense 1) and also Middle French rote (see rote n.³). Compare earlier rote n.³

1. Roman Catholic Church. With the and usually with capital initial. One of the three judicial branches of the papal Curia, with responsibility for appeals in ecclesiastical cases, esp. those concerning divorce. Cf. rote n.³ 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > papal court (rota) > [noun]

rote1467

rota1561

1561 T. Hoby in tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. Y.i The Rota in Roome is suche another matter as the Court of the Arches in England.

1609 H. Wootton Let. in L. P. Smith Life & Lett. Sir H. Wootton (1907) I. 461 Having adjudged this thing..solemnly in the Rota at Rome.

1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent i. 37 A Spanish Notarie dared to appeare publikely in the Rota.

1685 London Gaz. No. 2081/1 The Republick of Venice have named four Persons for the Pope to chuse one, to fill the Place of Auditor of the Rota.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Rota consists of twelve Doctors, chosen out of the four Nations of Italy, France, Spain, and Germany.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. 15 To tell the king's courts at Westminster, that their practice is..conformable to the decrees of the Rota or Imperial Chamber.

1817 C. H. Gifford Hist. Wars Occasioned by French Revol. II. viii. v. 1132/1 By a royal decree, the tribunal of the rota of the apostolic nuncio was installed on the 22d of August.

1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 149 He also claimed the holidays of the Roman rota for himself.

1877 D. Lewis tr. N. Sander De Schism. Anglica Introd. p. lxxiv The next day was the day of the Conference with the Dean of the Rota.

1942 William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. 22 365 The opposing side could have asked the Rota to review the case a second and even a third time.

1994 R. Hellenga Sixteen Pleasures x. 159 Annulment proceedings..had finally found their way to the highest court of all, the Sacred Roman Rota.

2. With capital initial and chiefly with the. A political club, founded in 1659 by James Harrington, which advocated rotation in the offices of government. Also: a society of this type. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > other types of association, society, or organization

invisible college1647

rota1660

working party1744

free association1761

working committee1821

Ethical Society1822

bar association1824

league1846

congress1870

tiger1874

cult1875

Daughters of the American Revolution1890

community group1892

housing association1898

working party1902

development agency1910

affinity group1915

propaganda machine1916

funding body1922

collective1925

Ku-Klux1930

network1946

NGO1946

production brigade1950

umbrella organization1950

plantation1956

think-tank1958

think group1961

team1990

society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > state ruled by the people > types of

rota1660

theo-democracy1831

banana republic1935

society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British political associations > [noun] > Rota

rota1660

1660 J. Harrington (title) The Rota: or, a model of a free-state, or equall common-wealth.

1662 in J. Ogilby King's Coronation (1685) 3 I..With Common-wealths and Rota's fill their heads.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) II. 60 A speculative Statesman,..that did all his Exercises in the late Times of cursed Memory at the Rota, but is not yet admitted to practise.

1877 D. Masson Life Milton V. iii. i. 486 Dr. William Petty..seems to have taken pleasure in troubling the Rota with his doubts and interrogatives.

1914 T. H. S. Escott Club Makers & Club Members iii. 43 As it became plainer that the Cromwellian system could not last long, the tone of the Rota debates grew less constructive.

2000 P. Clark Brit. Clubs & Societies 1580–1800 51 For Harrington, it has been said, the Rota was more vital for the spread of his ideas during his lifetime than his own writings.

3. A rotation (of people, etc.); a round or routine (of duties, etc.). Now esp.: a list of persons acting (esp. carrying out tasks) in rotation; a roster. Also: †a habitual custom or practice (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > frequency > [noun] > recurrence > turn > rota

rota1673

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] > routine > a routine

routine1661

rota1673

rut1839

groove1842

society > communication > record > list > [noun] > list of names or people > for duties

roster1786

bill1830

rota1844

1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 425 These [councillors] are taken out of the great Council, and go round in a rota.

1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 95 Such Formal Devotions that are nothing but a Rota.

1751 R. Paltock Life Peter Wilkins I. xviii. 180 The..Occurrences which happened during this Period;..consisting chiefly of the old Rota, of fishing, watering [etc.].

1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames 631 Perambulating the River..agreeably to a rota which is laid down.

1844 in C. J. Ribton-Turner Vagrants & Vagrancy (1887) 254 The experience of those managers who have taken their rota of duty in the office.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii. 153 The senior fag, who kept the rota.

1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xiii. 171 According to a rota to be agreed on between each other.

1878 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) III. xx. 419 Pleas of debt, which required the attendance of the parties to suits and the rota of qualified jurors.

1882 C. F. Keary Outl. Primitive Belief ix. 437 They heard names called over and voices answering as if by rota.

1911 in N. Amer. Jrnl. Homeopathy (1915) 30 257 The Institution..was formally included on the rota of the French Red Cross Hospitals.

1919 E. W. Hornung Notes Camp-follower Western Front vii. 212 When his week was up there was a genuine difficulty in relieving him, one or two on the rota having fallen sick.

1989 J. Trollope Village Affair i. 3 She'll have you on every rota and committee in sight, within minutes.

1998 Guardian 5 Sept. (Travel section) 3 We were drawing up rotas for turns at waterskiing, knee-boarding, [etc.].

2003 N. Slater Toast 228 Somewhat predictable fare, a rota of the aforementioned tournedos Rossini, duck à l'orange or Montmorency, chicken Kiev, rack of lamb, [etc.].

4. Early Music. A musical composition which has the form of a round; this form itself. Cf. round n.¹ 19.Used esp. of medieval English songs such as ‘Sumer is icumen in’ (a1300), where this designation appears in the original manuscript.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > part-song > round

rounda1522

catchc1580

rota1782

troll1820

1771 C. Burney Present State Music France & Italy 148 Several of them had uncommon talents for singing, particularly the Rota, Pasqua Rossi, and the Ortolani.]

1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. iv. 405 It is a descriptive song upon the approach of Summer, set in a canon of four parts in the unison: or, as it is called, a Rota or round.

1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 381/1 Rota.., a Round, but the word is sometimes applied to anything with frequent repeats, as for instance a Hymn tune.

1883 G. Grove Dict. Music III. 180/1 It..is written for six voices, four of which sing the round proper or ‘rota’ (as it is termed in the Latin directions for singing it).

1944 W. Apel Harvard Dict. Music 652/2 Rota,..medieval name for a round, particularly the Sumer~canon, probably with reference to the ‘turnover’ of the melody in the different parts.

1955 New Oxf. Hist. Music (rev. ed.) II. xi. 402 Its form, which is described in the manuscript itself as a rota, is that of an infinite canon.

2000 Church Times 3 Mar. 18/3 The famous Reading rota (round), ‘Sumer is icumen in’ (c. 1250), was also adapted to an ecclesiastical text,‘Perspice Christicola’.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. (In sense 2.)

rota-man n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British political associations > [noun] > Rota > member of

rota-man1664

1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 210 As full of tricks, As Rota-men of Politicks.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 439 Dr. Will. Petty was a Rota-man and would sometimes trouble Ja. Harrington in his Club.

2005 B. W. Cowan Social Life Coffee ii. iv. 98 Eleven out of twenty-seven..of the identifiable Rota-men went on to become Royal Society Fellows.

† rota room n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British political associations > [noun] > Rota > room of

rota room1673

1673 Char. Coffee-house 1 A Coffee-House is..a Rota-Room that (like Noahs Ark) receives Animals of every sort.

b. (In sense 3.)

rota committee n.

ΚΠ

1838 Millbank Penitentiary Papers 4 in Parl. Papers 1837–8 XLII. 334 The boys were brought before the rota committee, who were of the same opinion as myself.

1913 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 21 252 The rota committee recommends an occupation or a definite opening in the most suitable employment available.

1940 Jrnl. Educ. Sociol. 13 362 During his whole first year of employment he reports..to what is called a Rota Committee.

1993 New Yorker 20 Sept. 83/2 The Rota Committee consists of two senior members of the market and a protocol secretary.

rota system n.

ΚΠ

1869 Times 23 Apr. 6/3 Earl Nelson..should regret very much the extension of the rota system [sc. for bishops].

1919 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 82 517 Under the rota system workers ‘played off’ one consecutive week in every four.

1955 Times 25 Aug. 9/6 Only if a six-day shopping week is adopted, with a rota system to give staff a five-day week, will distribution costs be materially increased.

1983 S. Kantaris Playing House in Tenth Muse 50 Meals come from outside daily..chopped into easier pieces by four elderly daughters on a rota system.

2002 J. Mercurio Bodies (2003) 198 We're working out a rota system to cover takes and war rounds.

C2.

rota cut n. an interruption or reduction of power or water supplies which is imposed on different areas by rotation in time of shortage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > instance of > specific

rota cut1972

1972 Times 12 Feb. 1/3 I am seeking to ensure that the days of prohibition [sc. of electricity use] coincide with those whose plants are most likely to be affected by rota cuts.

1974 Times 15 Feb. 15/2 The third course..is to impose rota cuts designed..to avoid the working days of industry, and..essential services such as hospitals.

2004 K. Smith Environmental Hazards (ed. 4) xi. 225 When all else fails, water can be rationed in the worst hit areas by rota cuts that interrupt supplies for part of the day.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rota
释义	rotan. Brit. /ˈrəʊtə/, U.S. /ˈroʊdə/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rota. Etymology: < classical Latin rota wheel, in post-classical Latin also a musical composition in the form of a round (a1300 in a British source, or earlier), one of the three judicial branches of the Curia (1336; from 1447 in British sources) < the same Indo-European base as rat n.³ With sense 1 compare Italian Rota (1560 in the same source as the passage translated in quot. 1561 at sense 1) and also Middle French rote (see rote n.³). Compare earlier rote n.³ 1. Roman Catholic Church. With the and usually with capital initial. One of the three judicial branches of the papal Curia, with responsibility for appeals in ecclesiastical cases, esp. those concerning divorce. Cf. rote n.³ 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > papal court (rota) > [noun] rote1467 rota1561 1561 T. Hoby in tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. Y.i The Rota in Roome is suche another matter as the Court of the Arches in England. 1609 H. Wootton Let. in L. P. Smith Life & Lett. Sir H. Wootton (1907) I. 461 Having adjudged this thing..solemnly in the Rota at Rome. 1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent i. 37 A Spanish Notarie dared to appeare publikely in the Rota. 1685 London Gaz. No. 2081/1 The Republick of Venice have named four Persons for the Pope to chuse one, to fill the Place of Auditor of the Rota. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Rota consists of twelve Doctors, chosen out of the four Nations of Italy, France, Spain, and Germany. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. 15 To tell the king's courts at Westminster, that their practice is..conformable to the decrees of the Rota or Imperial Chamber. 1817 C. H. Gifford Hist. Wars Occasioned by French Revol. II. viii. v. 1132/1 By a royal decree, the tribunal of the rota of the apostolic nuncio was installed on the 22d of August. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 149 He also claimed the holidays of the Roman rota for himself. 1877 D. Lewis tr. N. Sander De Schism. Anglica Introd. p. lxxiv The next day was the day of the Conference with the Dean of the Rota. 1942 William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. 22 365 The opposing side could have asked the Rota to review the case a second and even a third time. 1994 R. Hellenga Sixteen Pleasures x. 159 Annulment proceedings..had finally found their way to the highest court of all, the Sacred Roman Rota. 2. With capital initial and chiefly with the. A political club, founded in 1659 by James Harrington, which advocated rotation in the offices of government. Also: a society of this type. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > other types of association, society, or organization invisible college1647 rota1660 working party1744 free association1761 working committee1821 Ethical Society1822 bar association1824 league1846 congress1870 tiger1874 cult1875 Daughters of the American Revolution1890 community group1892 housing association1898 working party1902 development agency1910 affinity group1915 propaganda machine1916 funding body1922 collective1925 Ku-Klux1930 network1946 NGO1946 production brigade1950 umbrella organization1950 plantation1956 think-tank1958 think group1961 team1990 society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > state ruled by the people > types of rota1660 theo-democracy1831 banana republic1935 society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British political associations > [noun] > Rota rota1660 1660 J. Harrington (title) The Rota: or, a model of a free-state, or equall common-wealth. 1662 in J. Ogilby King's Coronation (1685) 3 I..With Common-wealths and Rota's fill their heads. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) II. 60 A speculative Statesman,..that did all his Exercises in the late Times of cursed Memory at the Rota, but is not yet admitted to practise. 1877 D. Masson Life Milton V. iii. i. 486 Dr. William Petty..seems to have taken pleasure in troubling the Rota with his doubts and interrogatives. 1914 T. H. S. Escott Club Makers & Club Members iii. 43 As it became plainer that the Cromwellian system could not last long, the tone of the Rota debates grew less constructive. 2000 P. Clark Brit. Clubs & Societies 1580–1800 51 For Harrington, it has been said, the Rota was more vital for the spread of his ideas during his lifetime than his own writings. 3. A rotation (of people, etc.); a round or routine (of duties, etc.). Now esp.: a list of persons acting (esp. carrying out tasks) in rotation; a roster. Also: †a habitual custom or practice (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > time > frequency > [noun] > recurrence > turn > rota rota1673 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] > routine > a routine routine1661 rota1673 rut1839 groove1842 society > communication > record > list > [noun] > list of names or people > for duties roster1786 bill1830 rota1844 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 425 These [councillors] are taken out of the great Council, and go round in a rota. 1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 95 Such Formal Devotions that are nothing but a Rota. 1751 R. Paltock Life Peter Wilkins I. xviii. 180 The..Occurrences which happened during this Period;..consisting chiefly of the old Rota, of fishing, watering [etc.]. 1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames 631 Perambulating the River..agreeably to a rota which is laid down. 1844 in C. J. Ribton-Turner Vagrants & Vagrancy (1887) 254 The experience of those managers who have taken their rota of duty in the office. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii. 153 The senior fag, who kept the rota. 1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xiii. 171 According to a rota to be agreed on between each other. 1878 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) III. xx. 419 Pleas of debt, which required the attendance of the parties to suits and the rota of qualified jurors. 1882 C. F. Keary Outl. Primitive Belief ix. 437 They heard names called over and voices answering as if by rota. 1911 in N. Amer. Jrnl. Homeopathy (1915) 30 257 The Institution..was formally included on the rota of the French Red Cross Hospitals. 1919 E. W. Hornung Notes Camp-follower Western Front vii. 212 When his week was up there was a genuine difficulty in relieving him, one or two on the rota having fallen sick. 1989 J. Trollope Village Affair i. 3 She'll have you on every rota and committee in sight, within minutes. 1998 Guardian 5 Sept. (Travel section) 3 We were drawing up rotas for turns at waterskiing, knee-boarding, [etc.]. 2003 N. Slater Toast 228 Somewhat predictable fare, a rota of the aforementioned tournedos Rossini, duck à l'orange or Montmorency, chicken Kiev, rack of lamb, [etc.]. 4. Early Music. A musical composition which has the form of a round; this form itself. Cf. round n.¹ 19.Used esp. of medieval English songs such as ‘Sumer is icumen in’ (a1300), where this designation appears in the original manuscript. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > part-song > round rounda1522 catchc1580 rota1782 troll1820 1771 C. Burney Present State Music France & Italy 148 Several of them had uncommon talents for singing, particularly the Rota, Pasqua Rossi, and the Ortolani.] 1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. iv. 405 It is a descriptive song upon the approach of Summer, set in a canon of four parts in the unison: or, as it is called, a Rota or round. 1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 381/1 Rota.., a Round, but the word is sometimes applied to anything with frequent repeats, as for instance a Hymn tune. 1883 G. Grove Dict. Music III. 180/1 It..is written for six voices, four of which sing the round proper or ‘rota’ (as it is termed in the Latin directions for singing it). 1944 W. Apel Harvard Dict. Music 652/2 Rota,..medieval name for a round, particularly the Sumer~canon, probably with reference to the ‘turnover’ of the melody in the different parts. 1955 New Oxf. Hist. Music (rev. ed.) II. xi. 402 Its form, which is described in the manuscript itself as a rota, is that of an infinite canon. 2000 Church Times 3 Mar. 18/3 The famous Reading rota (round), ‘Sumer is icumen in’ (c. 1250), was also adapted to an ecclesiastical text,‘Perspice Christicola’. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 2.) rota-man n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British political associations > [noun] > Rota > member of rota-man1664 1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 210 As full of tricks, As Rota-men of Politicks. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 439 Dr. Will. Petty was a Rota-man and would sometimes trouble Ja. Harrington in his Club. 2005 B. W. Cowan Social Life Coffee ii. iv. 98 Eleven out of twenty-seven..of the identifiable Rota-men went on to become Royal Society Fellows. † rota room n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British political associations > [noun] > Rota > room of rota room1673 1673 Char. Coffee-house 1 A Coffee-House is..a Rota-Room that (like Noahs Ark) receives Animals of every sort. b. (In sense 3.) rota committee n. ΚΠ 1838 Millbank Penitentiary Papers 4 in Parl. Papers 1837–8 XLII. 334 The boys were brought before the rota committee, who were of the same opinion as myself. 1913 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 21 252 The rota committee recommends an occupation or a definite opening in the most suitable employment available. 1940 Jrnl. Educ. Sociol. 13 362 During his whole first year of employment he reports..to what is called a Rota Committee. 1993 New Yorker 20 Sept. 83/2 The Rota Committee consists of two senior members of the market and a protocol secretary. rota system n. ΚΠ 1869 Times 23 Apr. 6/3 Earl Nelson..should regret very much the extension of the rota system [sc. for bishops]. 1919 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 82 517 Under the rota system workers ‘played off’ one consecutive week in every four. 1955 Times 25 Aug. 9/6 Only if a six-day shopping week is adopted, with a rota system to give staff a five-day week, will distribution costs be materially increased. 1983 S. Kantaris Playing House in Tenth Muse 50 Meals come from outside daily..chopped into easier pieces by four elderly daughters on a rota system. 2002 J. Mercurio Bodies (2003) 198 We're working out a rota system to cover takes and war rounds. C2. rota cut n. an interruption or reduction of power or water supplies which is imposed on different areas by rotation in time of shortage. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > instance of > specific rota cut1972 1972 Times 12 Feb. 1/3 I am seeking to ensure that the days of prohibition [sc. of electricity use] coincide with those whose plants are most likely to be affected by rota cuts. 1974 Times 15 Feb. 15/2 The third course..is to impose rota cuts designed..to avoid the working days of industry, and..essential services such as hospitals. 2004 K. Smith Environmental Hazards (ed. 4) xi. 225 When all else fails, water can be rationed in the worst hit areas by rota cuts that interrupt supplies for part of the day. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1561
随便看	willing willing horse willing nilling willing suspension of disbelief willing-eyed willing-game willing-handed willing-hearted willing-minded willing-mindedness willinger willingest willingeyed willinggame willinghanded willinghearted willinghood willinglier willingliest willingly willingminded willingmindedness willingness willingnesses willings