† replenishn.
Obsolete.
An act of filling up or filling again; a refill; a new supply.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > that which is supplied > a supply > a fresh or additional supply
re-enforcement1577
resupply1579
replenishment1607
reinforcement1625
recruital1648
recruit1650
replenish1654
recruitment1799
refill1883
reload1928
1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. iv. 91 His body in lieu of his Wallet, was like an empty sack; gaping for a replenish.
1763 A. Hollier Let. 31 Jan. in T. De Longueville Pryings among Private Papers (1905) 71 The candles went out before twelve o'clock,..& left the company in the dark, who could by no means get..a replenish of candles.
1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London II. iii. 75 I know you took it queer that I did not stand it, when you wanted a replenish last week.
1817 C. Cuthbertson Rosabella ii. 30 Winny..ever and anon pausing to catch a replenish of breath from the clutches of the flitting goblins, who were ruthlessly exhausting it.
1881 W. P. Lennox Plays, Players, & Playhouses II. i. 9 I gave assent for a replenish of the glass.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2018).
replenishv.
/rᵻˈplɛnɪʃ/, U.S. /rəˈplɛnɪʃ/, /riˈplɛnɪʃ/ 1. † b. transitive. Esp. of God: to endow (a person) fully or abundantly with something. Obsolete.
a. transitive. To stock or supply (a place) abundantly with people or animals. Formerly also with †of. Now rare.In later use chiefly with allusion to Genesis 1:28, ‘And God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth’ (King James Bible).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > stock (a place, etc.) with something > stock fully
replenishc1405
bestock1648
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §920 Trewe effect of mariage clenseth fornicacion and replenysseth hooly chirche of good lynage.
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 68 (MED) Þerfore þei wolde ly with here fader for to..replenyssche the world aȝen with peple.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxii. f. cxliiii This man made the newe Forest..and replenysshed it with wylde bestes.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 687/1 I have replenysshed my pastours with catall, and my pondes with fysshe.
a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 27 But [I] am without any remedy except I replenish the ground againe with Deere.
1681 I. Newton Let. Jan. (1960) II. 332 God must be put upon a new creation after ye flood to replenish one half of this terraqueous globe with Whales & all those other kinds of Sea fish we now have.
1726 E. Thomas Poems Several Occasions 73 The Seas with Various Fish replenish'd were, And num'rous Animals on Earth appear.
1788 J. Barlow Prospect of Peace 11 From one small Stock shall countless nations rise, The world replenish and adorn the skies.
1879 F. J. Bumstead & R. W. Taylor Pathol. & Treatm. Venereal Dis. (rev. ed.) i. xviii. 210 Women..who have ‘replenished the earth’ with many quiverfuls of offspring.
1970 B. Seale Seize the Time 265 He told you to replenish the earth, and just about the time you got ready to replenish the earth, he turns around and drives you from the Garden into the wilderness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > fully or plentifully
foison1393
replenish1526
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Biiiv God wrought..the effectes of his mercy in replenisshyng them with his benefytes.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. xxxii. 13 Geue thanks vnto him that hath..replenished the with his goodes.
1548 Princess Elizabeth & J. Bale tr. Queen Margaret of Angoulême Godly Medytacyon Christen Sowle f. 34v Hys ryches doth replenysh euery one..with hys goodes.
1690 J. Norris Christian Blessedness iv. 117 He will not fail to replenish all those with his Graces, who are duly qualify'd to receive them.
1730 T. Cibber Lover ii. 23 When I'm replenish'd with Inanthe's Fortune, I may have it in my Power to make yours easie.
1791 tr. Pope John XXIII in F. Grose Antiq. Ireland I. 54 They shall find themselves replenished with celestial gifts.
a. transitive. To supply (a place, space, or cavity) with a great deal, or as much as it can hold, of something material or immaterial; to fill, fill up. Chiefly with with. Obsolete.In later use sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 6a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill
afilleOE
fillOE
fullOE
chargea1250
replenish?a1425
replete?a1425
steek?1440
upfillc1440
plenish1488
prime1513
accloy1581
supplya1616
adimplete1657
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 67v (MED) It is to suffre þe wonde forsoþ to be replenisshed [L. repleri] with flesh.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 157v And þe aier is drawen wiþ a mouth and reisyng of flesh foloweþ, drawing of þe aier þat nature replenysh voydenez.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 37 Ye are worthy that the ayer be replenisshid with callinges and of voyses.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxviijv With pitefull scriches she repleneshyd the hole mancion.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. vii. 372 Replenishing the way betweene the Temple and Pallace, with offerings of gold, siluer [etc.].
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 134 They drew out the brains at the nostrils,..replenishing the same with preseruatiue spices.
1680 C. Blount tr. Philostratus Life Apollonius Tyaneus i. xi. 53 They replenish'd the whole Market with Corn, whereby all people were relieved.
1727 A. Pope et al. Peri Bathous 74 in J. Swift et al. Misc.: Last Vol. The Vituperative Partition will as easily be replenish'd with a most choice Collection [of arguments].
1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. v. 110 The fables with which our own writers have replenished the chasms in our history.
1815 W. Scott Field of Waterloo 16 Carnage has replenish'd there Her garner-house profound.
1885 Ld. Lytton Glenaveril II. vi. 264 She..took down..His much-missed pipe; replenished with her own White hand its bowl.
b. transitive. To fill (a person, the heart, etc.) with a feeling or quality. Cf. earlier replenished adj. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > specifically in immaterial sense
fillOE
fulfila1300
replete1482
replenishc1529
stuff1531
install1577
charge1581
saturate1737
brim1844
supercharge1846
implete1862
earwig1880
infill1880
c1529 T. Wolsey in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 7 The delay wherof so replenyssheth my herte with hevynes, that I can take no reste.
1549 Forme & Maner consecratyng Archebishoppes sig. C.iv Replenishe theim so, with the truthe of thy Doctrine.
1630 R. Norton tr. W. Camden Hist. Princesse Elizabeth i. 84 The immortall ioy wherewith shee should replenish all her subiects.
a1697 A. Horneck Several Serm. 5th St. Matthew (1698) I. viii. 228 It is the proper Province of that Spirit to enlighten the Mind and Understanding, and..to replenish, and fill it with a sense of spiritual things.
1718 J. B. Weston Abstr. Doctr. Jesus-Christ x. 446 We indeavour to replenish the hearts of Creatures with an Esteem of ourselves.
c. transitive. To fill (the mind) with an occupation. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attention > attracting attention > engage the attention [verb (transitive)]
exercisea1538
entertainc1540
replenish1548
rouse1583
catcha1586
amuse1586
detainc1595
attract1599
grope1602
concerna1616
take1634
stay1639
engage1642
meet1645
nudge1675
strike1697
hitcha1764
seize1772
interest1780
acuminate1806
arrest1835
grip1891
intrigue1894
grab1966
work1969
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. xxxvv Thei determined..to replenishe the kynges brayne with some pleasante study.
a. transitive. To occupy the whole of (a place, space, or object); to fill to capacity. Obsolete. rare after 17th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > completely
fillc1000
containc1374
replenish?a1425
comprise1489
to take up1538
pack1567
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 13 Fleshez of þe necke be triple..Mosculous, of which tenontes bene made mouyng þe heued & þe necke..& fleshes replenishand [?c1425 Paris fulfillynge] þe voide spaces.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes sig. Nn.i God is a pure spirite, infinite, who replenysheth heauen and earth.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. K1 The more shee saw the bloud his cheeks replenish, The more she thought [etc.] . View more context for this quotation
1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. ii. 93 The Quicksilver cannot totally replenish and fill the Tube again.
a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 295 Nothing but Honour, and Kindness, and Contentment would replenish the World.
1833 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Philol. Museum 2 18 A light the pure radiance of which cheered and replenished the whole heart.
b. transitive. To occupy (a place) as inhabitants or settlers; to inhabit. Obsolete. rare.With quot. 1788 cf. sense 6b.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (transitive)]
wonOE
erdeOE
inwonea1300
inhabitc1374
indwell1382
occupya1387
biga1400
endwellc1420
possessc1450
purprise1481
people1490
dwell1520
accompany?c1525
replenishc1540
populate1578
habit1580
inhabitate1600
tenant1635
improvec1650
manure1698
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 12414 Mony weghes thedur went & wond in the toune, And Replenisshed the place & the playn londis.
1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence i. 13 They were mightely encreased in..Germanie replenishing euerie quarter and parte thereof.
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lii. 460 The vacant habitations were replenished by a new colony.
4. transitive. To fill with food or drink; to satisfy, satiate. Also in extended use. Also reflexive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > feed or nourish [verb (transitive)] > feed well or fill
aglutc1400
saulec1430
replenisha1450
satiatec1450
exsaturate1623
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > eat or drink to excess [verb (transitive)] > feed (oneself) to excess
over-quatc1275
glutc1315
fill1340
stuffa1400
aglutc1400
agroten1440
grotenc1440
ingrotenc1440
sorporrc1440
replenisha1450
pegc1450
quatc1450
overgorgea1475
gorge1486
burst1530
cloy1530
saturate1538
enfarce1543
mast?1550
engluta1568
gull1582
ingurgitate1583
stall1583
forage1593
paunch1597
upbray1598
upbraid1599
surfeitc1600
surcharge1603
gormandize1604
overfeed1609
farcinate1634
repletiate1638
stodge1854
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xlviii. 377 (MED) The vessel [sc. the Grail] vs repleynscheth not here.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Civ All the appetites of man shalbe replenysshed wt all goodnes.
1566 W. Adlington tr. Apuleius .XI. Bks. Golden Asse x. f. 18 When I had well replenished my selfe with wine.
1665 J. Bunyan Holy Citie 251 Wherewith she is watered and replenished, as the Earth with rain from Heaven.
1756 E. Moore Poems, Fables & Plays ix. 89 At his board a Farmer sate, Replenish'd by his homely treat.
1790 B. Burges Indostan Lett. 90 The snakes replenish themselves with their food.
1868 Communist 1 26/1 Could not distinguish what was fit to nourish and replenish him from what would poison or strangle him.
2006 W. H. Thomas In Arms of Elders 84 We replenished ourselves with gallons of a mint-flavored water that left the mouth cool even after the mug was empty.
5. intransitive. To reach a state of fullness, esp. for a second or further time; to become restored to a former state or condition; to fill up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up space [verb (intransitive)] > be or become full
fulleOE
replenish1579
filla1616
the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (intransitive)]
forthwaxa900
wax971
growOE
risec1175
anhigh1340
upwax1340
creasec1380
increasec1380
accreasea1382
augmenta1400
greata1400
mountc1400
morec1425
upgrowc1430
to run up1447
swell?c1450
add1533
accresce1535
gross1548
to get (a) head1577
amount1583
bolla1586
accrue1586
improve1638
aggrandize1647
accumulate1757
raise1761
heighten1803
replenish1814
to turn up1974
the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > be complete [verb (intransitive)] > attain to fullness
replenish1814
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 99 The cittie of Athens beganne to replenish daylie more and more, by mens repayring thither from all partes.
1673 H. Stubbe Further Iustification War against Netherlands 80 Her Coffers began to replenish, Her Subjects were rich.
1722 W. Hamilton Life of Sir William Wallace ii. iii. 235 The Town with French replenish'd quickly; then, Wallace the Field takes briskly with his Men.
1814 W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. 74 308 He does not luxuriate and replenish, and promise to bloom again.
1949 W. Karig & F. A. Manson Battle Rep.: Victory in Pacific V. xxiv. 271 By H-hour we had expended a great deal of our ammunition. We couldn't replenish, for we had no supply ship.
1968 W. Everson Residual Years iii. 210 The streams replenish, and the fields abound.
2007 H. Swanson Super Natural Cooking iii. 77 Keep in mind that lycopene levels in the body drop off quickly, so try to replenish daily.
6.
a. transitive. To fill up (a space or receptacle) again; to restore (a stock or supply) to the former amount or condition.Now the usual sense.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > lay in a supply of > renew (a supply of)
replenish1612
recruit1660
suffice1697
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > again
replenish1612
replete1614
refill1615
recharge1839
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion ii. 24 The naked Sea-Nymphes ride Within the ouzie Pooles, replenisht euery Tide.
1666 S. Pepys Diary 19 July (1972) VII. 210 Full of wants of money; and much stores to buy for to replenish the stores, and no money to do it with.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. viii. 370 His stores replenished, and an additional stock of provisions on board.
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. ii. ii. 363 The coffers of such a company..must require..a more constant and uninterrupted exertion of expence in order to replenish them. View more context for this quotation
1832 H. Martineau Homes Abroad v. 68 Susan was always ready..to replenish the wallets and fill the cans.
1883 C. J. Wills In Land of Lion & Sun 185 She took the little silver spoon, and replenished my inkstand with water.
1916 ‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin xiv. 255 Perhaps they would be going alongside an oiler at dead of night to replenish their fuel, and the wind would get on the wrong bow.
1965 R. G. Kazmann Mod. Hydrol. v. 139 When the supply of soil moisture in a given place is fully replenished, any additional water received from the surface is carried downward under the influence of gravity.
1987 C. Storr Underground Conspiracy (1989) viii. 42 They were..munching nut bars to replenish their strength after vigorous swimming races.
2002 N. Lebrecht Song of Names vii. 203 Children and grandchildren troop in and out, some replenishing our refreshments tray, others depleting it.
b. transitive. To take up or fill (a vacant office or position).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > fill a vacant position
filla1616
replenish1632
to fill up1891
person1972
1632 T. Hawkins tr. P. Matthieu Vnhappy Prosperitie ii. 229 Petrus Moronus, whom Charles had drawen from the Cell, to replenish the vacant See.
1651 C. Cartwright Certamen Religiosum i. 40 Though all vacancies are replenished by Ministers of the Gospel, yet the succession of the Authority was in the Bishops.
1713 E. Ward Hist. Grand Rebellion III. 507 He..with glad Eyes beheld the vacant Throne Replenish'd justly by the Royal Son.
1866 E. R. Sullivan Conquerors, Warriors, & Statesmen of India xiv. 176 He..despatched agents to all parts of the world to purchase slaves to replenish the vacancies caused by death or a change of taste.
2005 D. T. Hasty & R. M. Weber in R. L. Taylor & W. E. Rosenbach Mil. Leadership xv. 170 This trend is worsened by the absence of a steady supply of recruits to replenish the vacancies.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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