RNAn.

1942 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 146 471 Electrophoresis of desoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA)..and ribose nucleic acid (RNA).

1948 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 175 989 Protein, phospholipides, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are lost from the liver.

1953 A. G. E. Pearse Histochem. xiv. 319 It is possible to vary the incubation time so that removal of RNA from the tissues is complete.

1959 Sunday Times 14 June 24/3 RNA carries the genetic information in the small viruses only, while DNA does this in all other organisms.

1968 Times 19 Oct. 4/8 Further decipherment of the genetic code depended on synthesizing artificial RNAs containing all 64 possible triplet combinations.

1969 R. B. Fuller Operating Man. Spaceship Earth iv. 52 The genes and the R.N.A. and D.N.A. and other fundamental principles governing the fundamental design controls of life systems.

1976 Lancet 20 Nov. 1133/1 The prohormone found after the translation of R.N.A. in ovo contains at least one sequence equal to or comparable with calcitonin.

1995 L. Garrett Coming Plague (new ed.) xvi. 578 Several human and animal retroviruses shared sequences of RNA.

2004 J. Playfair Living with Germs (2007) ii. 20 The resemblance between RNAs of one type (ribosomal) from all living creatures is one of the best pieces of evidence that life only originated once.

1955 Systematic Zool. 4 149 (caption) The RNA viruses—such as those of angiospermous plants—are here considered to be dissociated cytoplasmic particles.

1975 Nature 23 Oct. 634/3 Many RNA viruses are involved in animal cancers and it is believed that some human cancers may be caused in the same way.

2007 Guardian 1 May (Educ. section) 11/1 To create the vaccine, Roy stripped the double-stranded RNA virus back to its component parts and now feels she completely understands Blue Tongue's genetic and molecular make-up.

1986 W. Gilbert in Nature 20 Feb. 618/1 One can contemplate an RNA world, containing only RNA molecules that serve to catalyse the synthesis of themselves.

1995 Discover Dec. 38/1 The picture of the primordial soup as an ‘RNA world’ has now become conventional wisdom.

2005 C. de Duve Singularities xv. 196 This ancestral cell is taken to have separated from prokaryotic lines in the RNA world.

1961 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 47 1139 Recently a number of laboratories have independently achieved considerable purification of an RNA polymerase.

1990 EMBO Jrnl. 9 3989/1 The three large rRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase I (Pol I) into a single large rRNA precursor.

2000 J. Mann Murder, Magic, & Med. (rev. ed.) ii. 52 The twin strands of DNA (the double helix) become partially unwound and—with the assistance of the enzyme RNA polymerase—the ‘genetic message’ is used as a code for the production of RNA.

2003 Science 6 June 1495/3 The enzyme RNA polymerase II (Pol II) copies most of the cell's protein-coding genes into messenger RNA.

1963 I. Haruna et al. in Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 50 905 (title) An RNA ‘replicase’ induced by and selective for a viral RNA: isolation and properties.

2006 E. A. Birge Bacterial & Bacteriophage Genetics (ed. 5) vii. 249 Upon infection, the parental RNA strand plus-strand is released from the capsid and translated to form capsid proteins and the RNA replicase. The replication of phage RNA can now begin.

1963 Science 29 Nov. 1188/1 The formation of an RNA-synthesizing enzyme (RNA synthetase) not found in extracts of normal bacteria.

2002 E. G. Strauss Viruses & Human Dis. i. 17/2 The replication of the genome and synthesis of subgenomic RNAs require recognition of promoters in the viral RNAs by the viral RNA synthetase.