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单词 retrogress
释义

retrogressn.

Brit. /ˈrɛtrə(ʊ)ˌɡrɛs/, U.S. /ˈrɛtrəˌɡrɛs/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin retrogressus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin retrogressus (u -stem) backward movement (5th cent.) < classical Latin retrōgress- , past participial stem of retrōgradī retrograde v. Compare earlier progress n. and later retrogress v.
Now rare.
= retrogression n. (in various senses). Sometimes opposed to progress n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > relapse > [noun]
again-falling1340
regressa1522
retrogration1567
regression1583
retrogradationa1609
reincidency1622
recess1641
retrogation1646
setback1669
retrogress1701
retrogression1757
backwarding1765
fallback1830
throwback1856
regressivity1890
1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra iv. iii. 204 The Retrogress, was but Ten Degrees.
1794 J. Stewart Good Sense 73 The progress, or retrogress of Truth, depends on its mode of developement.
1814 S. T. Coleridge Let. 13 May (1959) III. 488 After a sad retrogress of nearly twelve years.
1867 H. Spencer Princ. Biol. II. vi. iii. 410 Progress in bulk, complexity, or activity involves retrogress in fertility.
1963 L. S. Dembo Confucian Odes Ezra Pound vi. 100 As we have seen repeatedly in the Chinese view of the kind of history expressed in the Shih, chronological development and the progress or retrogress of moral forces are synonymous.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

retrogressv.

Brit. /ˌrɛtrə(ʊ)ˈɡrɛs/, U.S. /ˌrɛtrəˈɡrɛs/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin retrōgress-, retrōgradī.
Etymology: < classical Latin retrōgress-, past participial stem of retrōgradī retrograde v. Compare earlier regress v., retrograde v., retrogression n., retrogress n., retrogressive adj. N.E.D. (1908) also gives the pronunciation (ritro-) /riːtrəʊ-/ for the first element.
1. intransitive. To go back, move backwards. Cf. regress v. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)]
reversec1450
recoil1483
back1486
regressa1525
retire1542
flinch1578
retrograde1613
recur1616
retrocede1638
ravel1656
backen1748
regrede1800
regrade1811
retrogress1812
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > relapse > [verb (intransitive)]
recidivate1528
recoil1542
retrograde1613
recide1628
retrogress1812
1812 Philos. Mag. 39 392 The European forehead retrogressed from the ideal ten degrees.
1819 H. Busk Vestriad iv. 21 Night retrogressing from her daily tour.
1861 J. Nichol in Memoir (1896) 32 I am retrogressing into a period which we have closed.
1889 Telegr. Jrnl. & Electr. Rev. 31 May 617/1 The needle moved steadily up to a certain point, when it stopped, retrogressed on the dial a considerable space, stopped again, [etc.].
1972 Great Alaska Earthquake 1964: Geol. (National Res. Council (U.S.) Comm. on Alaska Earthquake) 348/2 The ground behind the East Turnagain lobe..undoubtedly would have retrogressed much farther—possibly as far as Northern Lights Boulevard—if shaking had continued.
2. intransitive. Medicine = regress v. 4.
ΚΠ
1844 Lancet 6 Apr. 61/1 I am happy to say that the pulmonary symptoms are retrogressing.
1895 M. Kaposi et al. Pathol. & Treatm. Dis. Skin 321 They..persist for many years almost unchanged, then retrogress completely with slight desquamation of the epidermis and fading color.
1922 Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. 56 394 The chancres retrogressed and subsided completely in a few weeks after the animals had been kept at a temperature of 41° C.
1961 Lancet 28 Oct. 954/2 After the radiotherapy, the initial and secondary blood-vessels retrogressed in all cases.
2006 M. S. Campo Papillomavirus Res. 408 Histological findings for papilloma regression were essentially identical with those observed when transplanted tissues retrogress.
3. intransitive. To return to an earlier state, typically a worse one. Cf. regress v. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > change of direction, reversion > revert [verb (intransitive)]
awendOE
recommence1481
relieve?1510
turn1594
remigrate1601
to cast back1622
recounter1630
regress1650
retrovert1782
to turn round1802
retrogress1860
to turn back1886
U-turn1973
1860 W. Carpenter Perils of Policy-holders (ed. 2) 17 It was stated that a meeting was about to be held, to promote the junction of an old office, long retrogressing, and one of a more recent standing.
1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity I. 439 This was the system..to which some of them were even tempted to apostatise or retrogress!
1906 Mother Earth Mar. 49 The advanced section of the Jewish population..retrogressed from a universal view of things to a philosophy fenced in by boundary lines.
1935 H. Heslop Last Cage Down ii. vi. 213 Trade unions did not seem to change, bless you. They retrogressed gradually.
2006 Washington Post 22 June (Home ed.) a29/2 The..test bed for North Korea's nascent nuclear missile force would be destroyed, and its attempt to retrogress to Cold War threats thwarted.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1701v.1812
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