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单词 rankshift
释义

rankshiftv.

Brit. /ˈraŋkʃɪft/, U.S. /ˈræŋkˌʃɪft/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rank shift n.
Etymology: < rank shift n.
transitive. In systemic grammar: to cause (a linguistic unit) to undergo rankshift. Usually in passive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic relations > have syntactic relation with [verb (transitive)] > transform > specific
rankshift1964
extrapose1965
front1968
1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. 27 In English some clauses are rankshifted and work inside the pattern of a group... If I say ‘the house where I live is very damp’, the sentence consists, in its structure, of only one clause; the clause ‘where I live’ is rankshifted and operates in the structure of the group ‘the house where I live’.
1977 Language 53 192 It follows that from Glasgow is rankshifted in the man from Glasgow, where it functions as qualifier in a multivariate nominal group.
1991 Word 42 156 In the nominal group ‘a strong tendency to connect them with Satan’..it is the clause ‘to connect them with Satan’ which has been rankshifted to function as part of the nominal group.

Derivatives

ˈrankshifted adj.
ΚΠ
1968 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 31 198/1 A cline of verbality is established, extending from the ‘most verbal’ (a finite verbal group in a free clause), through dependent and rankshifted clauses, down to the ‘least verbal’ items like participial adjectives.
1997 P. H. Matthews Conc. Oxf. Dict. Linguistics 308 In the dance on Saturday, on Saturday is a rank-shifted phrase which is part of a larger phrase.
ˈrankshifting n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic relations > [noun] > change of word order or position > specific types of movement or transformation
cleft construction1937
wh-transformation1957
rank shift1961
rankshifting1965
fronting1966
pseudo-cleft1967
promotion1968
pseudo-clefting1970
tough movement1971
slifting1973
extraposing1976
1965 Language 41 161 M. A. K. Halliday speaks of a device in grammar which he calls ‘rank shifting’, a name for what appears to be one type of transformation.
1997 W. B. McGregor Semiotic Gram. iv. 127 The most important type of rankshifting is that in which a clause is demoted to word rank.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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