radioactivityn.¹

Brit.

/ˌreɪdɪəʊakˈtɪvᵻti/, U.S.

/ˌreɪdioʊækˈtɪvᵻdi/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: radio- comb. form², activity n.

Etymology: < radio- comb. form² + activity n., after radioactive adj. and French radioactivité property or condition of being radioactive (P. Curie et al. 1898, in Comptes rendus hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 127 1216).With sense 3 compare French radioactivité (1923 or earlier in this sense); sense 2 is apparently not paralleled in French until much later (1964 or earlier).

1. The property or condition of being radioactive. Also: the radiation emitted by a radioactive material; such material itself in a dispersed form; (as a count noun) a particular instance or level of radioactive emission.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun]

radioactivity1899

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] > radiation emitted

activity1898

radioactivity1899

radiation1958

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [noun] > other types of pollution

acid rain1845

air pollution1874

fallout1946

rainout1954

radiation1958

thermal pollution1965

light pollution1969

radioactivity1969

noise pollution1970

wash-off1979

1899 Science 3 Feb. 185 The claim that it is a new element is based upon the radio-activity of the substance.

1899 Proc. Royal Soc. 66 410 If such were the case different samples of uranium compounds would have very different radio-activities.

1902 Harper's Mag. Aug. 364/1 For days Professor Curie was unable to approach his electrometers..owing to his acquired radio~activity.

1936 N. Feather Introd. Nucl. Physics i. 15 The true nature of radioactivity was thus beginning to be evident: it might be described as the spontaneous emission of high-speed particles from the atoms of unstable chemical elements.

1947 Sci. News 5 55 Between them, these three series of radioactive elements include the whole of the known natural sources of radioactivity.

1955 Bull. Atomic Scientists Sept. 253/1 Radioactivity can travel in the air over large distances, and its very nature and action are unknown and unfamiliar to most people.

1969 Daily Tel. 23 Jan. 1/4 A small Swiss nuclear research and training reactor at Lucens was closed yesterday after developing a leak of radio-activity.

1978 G. C. Hill & J. S. Holman Chem. in Context xx. 301 The mixing and centrifuging are repeated at intervals and the radioactivity of the saturated solution is measured at each stage.

1990 Internat. Immunol. 2 1168/2 Radioactivities in collected fractions were measured with a μ-counter.

1991 New Scientist 27 Apr. 23/2 The area has high levels of natural radioactivity—caused by uranium deposits close to the surface.

2. The branch of science concerned with radioactivity and associated phenomena. rare.

ΚΠ

1903 Science 10 July 41/1 The subject of radioactivity has developed so rapidly that it has now become an important branch of physics and chemistry.

1920 Discovery Apr. 122/1 This was the first discovery in the science which later became known as radio~activity.

1957 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 896/2 The subject of radioactivity deals with phenomena exhibited by a special class of elements of high atomic weight.

3. figurative. A quality or state characterized by the communication of intense energy; (also) intense energy communicated by someone or something.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness

jollinessc1386

liveliheadc1425

quicknessc1425

vyfnes1475

ramagec1485

couragea1498

liveliness1534

spritec1540

livelihood1566

life1583

sprightliness1599

sprightfulness1602

ruach1606

sprightiness1607

sparkle1611

airiness1628

vivacy1637

spiritfulness1644

spirit1651

vivacity1652

spiritedness1654

brightness1660

sprightness1660

ramageness1686

race1690

friskiness1727

spirituousness1727

vivaciousness1727

brio1731

raciness1759

phlogiston1789

animation1791

lifefulness1829

pepper-and-salt1842

corkiness1845

aliveness1853

vitality1858

music1859

virtu1876

liveness1890

zippiness1907

bounce1909

zing1917

radioactivity1922

oomph1937

pizzazz1937

zinginess1938

hep1946

vavoom1962

welly1977

masala1986

1922 C. E. Montague Disenchantment xv. 203 In men and women of high mental vitality, in places where any of the radio-activity of gifted teaching breaks out for a while..the mind is easily delighted.

1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 27 July 74/1 That radio-activity and that consummate technique shine out from poem after poem.

2006 Independent Prop. (Nexis) 25 Oct. 12 UCLan is cementing its position as the fifth biggest university in the country and though it doesn't quite pulsate with academic radioactivity, it just about looks the part.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

radioactivityn.²

Brit.

/ˌreɪdɪəʊakˈtɪvᵻti/, U.S.

/ˌreɪdioʊækˈtɪvᵻdi/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: radio- comb. form³, activity n.

Etymology: < radio- comb. form³ + activity n.

Astronomy.

The property of a celestial object of emitting radio waves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > radio wave > [noun] > emission of

radioactivity1959

1959 Sci. Amer. Feb. 66/1 (advt.) This is Messier 87—one of many galaxies and nebulae radiating radio energy throughout time and space. What primeval force motivates this celestial radioactivity?

1972 Nature 20 Oct. 440/2 It seems unlikely that Cygnus X-3 is unique with respect to its radioactivity and it may therefore represent only one member of a large number of objects that exhibit highly variable radio emission.

1995 Astron. & Astrophysics 297 l13 Radio galaxies..are rarely detected in gamma-rays, even when in a similar state of radio activity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	radioactivity
释义	radioactivityn.¹ Brit. /ˌreɪdɪəʊakˈtɪvᵻti/, U.S. /ˌreɪdioʊækˈtɪvᵻdi/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: radio- comb. form², activity n. Etymology: < radio- comb. form² + activity n., after radioactive adj. and French radioactivité property or condition of being radioactive (P. Curie et al. 1898, in Comptes rendus hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 127 1216).With sense 3 compare French radioactivité (1923 or earlier in this sense); sense 2 is apparently not paralleled in French until much later (1964 or earlier). 1. The property or condition of being radioactive. Also: the radiation emitted by a radioactive material; such material itself in a dispersed form; (as a count noun) a particular instance or level of radioactive emission. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] radioactivity1899 the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] > radiation emitted activity1898 radioactivity1899 radiation1958 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [noun] > other types of pollution acid rain1845 air pollution1874 fallout1946 rainout1954 radiation1958 thermal pollution1965 light pollution1969 radioactivity1969 noise pollution1970 wash-off1979 1899 Science 3 Feb. 185 The claim that it is a new element is based upon the radio-activity of the substance. 1899 Proc. Royal Soc. 66 410 If such were the case different samples of uranium compounds would have very different radio-activities. 1902 Harper's Mag. Aug. 364/1 For days Professor Curie was unable to approach his electrometers..owing to his acquired radio~activity. 1936 N. Feather Introd. Nucl. Physics i. 15 The true nature of radioactivity was thus beginning to be evident: it might be described as the spontaneous emission of high-speed particles from the atoms of unstable chemical elements. 1947 Sci. News 5 55 Between them, these three series of radioactive elements include the whole of the known natural sources of radioactivity. 1955 Bull. Atomic Scientists Sept. 253/1 Radioactivity can travel in the air over large distances, and its very nature and action are unknown and unfamiliar to most people. 1969 Daily Tel. 23 Jan. 1/4 A small Swiss nuclear research and training reactor at Lucens was closed yesterday after developing a leak of radio-activity. 1978 G. C. Hill & J. S. Holman Chem. in Context xx. 301 The mixing and centrifuging are repeated at intervals and the radioactivity of the saturated solution is measured at each stage. 1990 Internat. Immunol. 2 1168/2 Radioactivities in collected fractions were measured with a μ-counter. 1991 New Scientist 27 Apr. 23/2 The area has high levels of natural radioactivity—caused by uranium deposits close to the surface. 2. The branch of science concerned with radioactivity and associated phenomena. rare. ΚΠ 1903 Science 10 July 41/1 The subject of radioactivity has developed so rapidly that it has now become an important branch of physics and chemistry. 1920 Discovery Apr. 122/1 This was the first discovery in the science which later became known as radio~activity. 1957 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 896/2 The subject of radioactivity deals with phenomena exhibited by a special class of elements of high atomic weight. 3. figurative. A quality or state characterized by the communication of intense energy; (also) intense energy communicated by someone or something. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness jollinessc1386 liveliheadc1425 quicknessc1425 vyfnes1475 ramagec1485 couragea1498 liveliness1534 spritec1540 livelihood1566 life1583 sprightliness1599 sprightfulness1602 ruach1606 sprightiness1607 sparkle1611 airiness1628 vivacy1637 spiritfulness1644 spirit1651 vivacity1652 spiritedness1654 brightness1660 sprightness1660 ramageness1686 race1690 friskiness1727 spirituousness1727 vivaciousness1727 brio1731 raciness1759 phlogiston1789 animation1791 lifefulness1829 pepper-and-salt1842 corkiness1845 aliveness1853 vitality1858 music1859 virtu1876 liveness1890 zippiness1907 bounce1909 zing1917 radioactivity1922 oomph1937 pizzazz1937 zinginess1938 hep1946 vavoom1962 welly1977 masala1986 1922 C. E. Montague Disenchantment xv. 203 In men and women of high mental vitality, in places where any of the radio-activity of gifted teaching breaks out for a while..the mind is easily delighted. 1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 27 July 74/1 That radio-activity and that consummate technique shine out from poem after poem. 2006 Independent Prop. (Nexis) 25 Oct. 12 UCLan is cementing its position as the fifth biggest university in the country and though it doesn't quite pulsate with academic radioactivity, it just about looks the part. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). radioactivityn.² Brit. /ˌreɪdɪəʊakˈtɪvᵻti/, U.S. /ˌreɪdioʊækˈtɪvᵻdi/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: radio- comb. form³, activity n. Etymology: < radio- comb. form³ + activity n. Astronomy. The property of a celestial object of emitting radio waves. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > radio wave > [noun] > emission of radioactivity1959 1959 Sci. Amer. Feb. 66/1 (advt.) This is Messier 87—one of many galaxies and nebulae radiating radio energy throughout time and space. What primeval force motivates this celestial radioactivity? 1972 Nature 20 Oct. 440/2 It seems unlikely that Cygnus X-3 is unique with respect to its radioactivity and it may therefore represent only one member of a large number of objects that exhibit highly variable radio emission. 1995 Astron. & Astrophysics 297 l13 Radio galaxies..are rarely detected in gamma-rays, even when in a similar state of radio activity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1899n.²1959
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radioactivityn.1

radioactivityn.2

radioactivityn.¹

radioactivityn.²