pyrheliometern.

Brit.

/pəːˌhiːlɪˈɒmᵻtə/, U.S.

/paɪ(ə)rˌhiliˈɑmədər/,

/pərˌhiliˈɑmədər/

Forms: 1800s– pyrheliometer, 1900s– pyroheliometer.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: pyro- comb. form, helio- comb. form, -meter comb. form².

Etymology: < pyro- comb. form + helio- comb. form + -meter comb. form², after French pyrhéliomètre (C.S.M. Pouillet 1838, in Comptes rendus hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 7 25).

Meteorology.

An instrument for measuring solar radiation incident on the earth (the solar constant).In the original form of the instrument the sun's rays were caused to fall perpendicularly for a certain time on a blackened strip of metal, or on water or mercury in a blackened, closed, shallow vessel, and its consequent rise in temperature observed. Modern ones usually measure the solar radiation entering a black-body cavity by measuring its rise in temperature of the cavity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > measurement of heat > instrument > for measuring radiant heat > specific

actinometer1833

pyrheliometer1841

radiograph1880

bolometer1881

1841 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1840 Reports 62 A modification of the actinometer, which he [sc. Pouillet] terms a pyrheliometer.

1863 J. Tyndall Heat xiii. 391 The radiation from the pyrheliometer is often intercepted, when no cloud is seen.

1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat xv. 360 The amount of radiation emitted by the black body was measured by the modified pyrheliometer described in the previous article.

1972 Aquaculture 1 183 Light energy was measured with an Epply pyrheliometer.

1996 Renewable Energy 7 81 Solar radiation spectra were measured by a ground-level pyrheliometer..equipped with a filter wheel.

Derivatives

pyrˌhelioˈmetric adj. [compare French pyrhéliométrique (1872)] of, relating to, or involving a pyrheliometer.

ΚΠ

1874 Nature 23 July 238/2 Remarks on the pyrheliometric observations of Pouillet.

1935 Geogr. Jrnl. 86 282 A discussion of the pyrheliometric measurements at Nice and at Thorene.

1978 Nature 19 Oct. 630/1 The ratio of the pyrheliometric measurements at air mass 2.5 to that at 2.0 provides a relative measure of atmospheric transmission which is independent of the pyrheliometer calibration.

pyrˌheliˈometry n. the use of a pyrheliometer; measurement of solar radiation by such means.

ΚΠ

1909 Science 17 Dec. 896/1 (heading) The application of the electrical resistance thermometer to pyrheliometry.

1951 T. F. Malone Compend. Meteorol. 18 The standard of pyrheliometry adopted by the Smithsonian Institution in 1913, when applied to solar-constant measurements, leads to 1.94 ly min⁻¹ as the average value for I₀.

2004 Jrnl. Geophysical Res. D 109 Art. D08207. 1 Sun photometry and pyrheliometry of these aerosols are more subject to diffuse light errors than is the case for smaller aerosols.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pyrheliometer
释义	pyrheliometern. Brit. /pəːˌhiːlɪˈɒmᵻtə/, U.S. /paɪ(ə)rˌhiliˈɑmədər/, /pərˌhiliˈɑmədər/ Forms: 1800s– pyrheliometer, 1900s– pyroheliometer. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: pyro- comb. form, helio- comb. form, -meter comb. form². Etymology: < pyro- comb. form + helio- comb. form + -meter comb. form², after French pyrhéliomètre (C.S.M. Pouillet 1838, in Comptes rendus hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 7 25). Meteorology. An instrument for measuring solar radiation incident on the earth (the solar constant).In the original form of the instrument the sun's rays were caused to fall perpendicularly for a certain time on a blackened strip of metal, or on water or mercury in a blackened, closed, shallow vessel, and its consequent rise in temperature observed. Modern ones usually measure the solar radiation entering a black-body cavity by measuring its rise in temperature of the cavity. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > measurement of heat > instrument > for measuring radiant heat > specific actinometer1833 pyrheliometer1841 radiograph1880 bolometer1881 1841 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1840 Reports 62 A modification of the actinometer, which he [sc. Pouillet] terms a pyrheliometer. 1863 J. Tyndall Heat xiii. 391 The radiation from the pyrheliometer is often intercepted, when no cloud is seen. 1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat xv. 360 The amount of radiation emitted by the black body was measured by the modified pyrheliometer described in the previous article. 1972 Aquaculture 1 183 Light energy was measured with an Epply pyrheliometer. 1996 Renewable Energy 7 81 Solar radiation spectra were measured by a ground-level pyrheliometer..equipped with a filter wheel. Derivatives pyrˌhelioˈmetric adj. [compare French pyrhéliométrique (1872)] of, relating to, or involving a pyrheliometer. ΚΠ 1874 Nature 23 July 238/2 Remarks on the pyrheliometric observations of Pouillet. 1935 Geogr. Jrnl. 86 282 A discussion of the pyrheliometric measurements at Nice and at Thorene. 1978 Nature 19 Oct. 630/1 The ratio of the pyrheliometric measurements at air mass 2.5 to that at 2.0 provides a relative measure of atmospheric transmission which is independent of the pyrheliometer calibration. pyrˌheliˈometry n. the use of a pyrheliometer; measurement of solar radiation by such means. ΚΠ 1909 Science 17 Dec. 896/1 (heading) The application of the electrical resistance thermometer to pyrheliometry. 1951 T. F. Malone Compend. Meteorol. 18 The standard of pyrheliometry adopted by the Smithsonian Institution in 1913, when applied to solar-constant measurements, leads to 1.94 ly min⁻¹ as the average value for I₀. 2004 Jrnl. Geophysical Res. D 109 Art. D08207. 1 Sun photometry and pyrheliometry of these aerosols are more subject to diffuse light errors than is the case for smaller aerosols. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1841
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