| 释义 |
purslanen. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French porsulaigne, porcelaine. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman porsulaigne, porcelene and Middle French porcelaine, pourcelaine, pourceline, povrselayne (12th cent. in Old French as pourcelaine ; French pourcellaine , pourcellane ; now regional), apparently from classical Latin porcillāca (Pliny), variant of portulāca portulaca n. Compare post-classical Latin porcellana (a1250 in a British source), Italian porcellana (first half of 14th cent.).The explanation for the ending -aine in French and -ana in Italian is uncertain. The French and Italian words have been explained as deriving from the inflected stem of post-classical Latin porcillagin- , porcillago (6th cent.; also porcellago (9th or 10th cent.)), alteration of classical Latin porcillāca after plantāgo (see plantain n.1; compare Old French portulache , Middle French portulague (12th cent.; rare; < the nominative)). Alternatively, they may be directly < classical Latin porcillāca , with alteration of the ending after French -aine , Italian -ana (< Latin -āna : see -an suffix 1a). The word was apparently associated already in Middle French with the largely homonymous porcelaine , pourcelane porcelain n., and the two words probably continued to influence each other in English up to the 17th or 18th cent. (compare discussion at porcelain n. and adj.). Forms such as pourselane (see α. forms) are apparently influenced by French pour- pur- prefix (compare Old French, Middle French pourcelaine ), and this association may have reinforced forms in pur- more generally. In δ. forms perhaps influenced by association with parsley n. (compare β. forms at that entry); compare also the form parslein (see γ. forms) and pussley n. The animals designated by purslane moth n., purslane sphinx n., purslane worm n. at Compounds 2 are so called on account of their feeding habits. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > other herbs the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > purslane α. a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 95 (MED) Take ceruse, tutie I-waische, & medle hem wiþ oile of rosis & wiþ ius of purcelane [BL Add. poslane]..til þe oynement be weel I-maad. c1450 in (1924) 21 385 (MED) The hote sauge a yenst the cold palesye, The colde Betyn for the frenesye..Purselan, Cilion, and grene syngryn. a1500 in A. Zettersten (1968) 24 (MED) Saphyres..ben lyke to an erbe called purselane & hit is right shynynge & of a gentill colour, blewe þerabowte. 1620 J. Mason sig. A4 Purselyn, Lettise, and all other Herbes & Rootes. 1651 N. Biggs 36 ⁋72 If Purselan or some other herbe were observed to do the like. 1781 T. Pasley Jrnl. 27 Sept. in (1931) 184 Water cresses,..Water Dock, Purcelean, Will'd Mint, Time—and the Lord knows what. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > names applied to various species of trees or shrubs > [noun] c1400 in T. Hunt (1989) 52 [Bistorta] genicle, pety bryddestonge, pety porcelan, swynesgres, þe myd bistord. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens v. xx. 575 Sea Purcelayne groweth vpon bankes..adioyning to the sea. 1597 J. Gerard ii. 418 There be diuers sortes or kindes of Purslane; one of the garden, and another wilde: and also two of the sea. 1678 E. Phillips (new ed.) (at cited word) Besides the common sort there are two others, viz. The Sea Purslane, called Halimus, and the Water Purslane, called Alsine. 1760 J. Lee App. 324 Horse Purslane, Trianthema. 1770 J. Banks 26 Aug. (1962) II. 114 We could but now and then procure a dish of bad greens... I shall give their botanical names as I believe some of them were never eat by Europeans before... Red flowerd purslane (Sesuvium Portulacastrum). 1828 C. S. Rafinesque I. 181 Euphorbia corollata... Milk-purslain. 1854 A. Pratt I. 198 The Sea Purslane (Arenaria peploides). 1887 21 829 Claytonia perfoliata... The leaves of this plant are eaten as salad, or cooked like ordinary spinage... In England it is called winter purslane. 1918 W. Graveson (1919) xxv. 243 By the side of the small ponds on the open parts of the heath there was abundance of Water Purslane. 1946 26 Sept. 13/3 Sea purslane, a green bean-like vegetable with an excellent flavour, grows in more than half the world near coastal regions. 2002 Apr. 85/2 In the New Forest, 75 of the 200 ponds and pools there have been colonised, threatening rarities such as the Hampshire purslane (Ludwigia palustris). Compounds C1. 1728 R. Bradley at Capparis Leaves [of the bean caper]..are always two together at the end of the Foot Stalk, being somewhat like unto Purslane Leaves. 1855 ‘E. S. Delamer’ 132 In proportion as the traveller approaches the German frontier, the more purslane-leaves will he find in his vegetable soups. 1961 26 Aug. 22/6 The exotic..French soup called ‘Bonne Remme’ is made from two weeds, sorrel and purslane leaves. 1818 50 A third ensures you a happy relief from purslain poultices chopped up with vinegar. ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI sig. L.vii Pursland sede..kylleth the wormes. 1664 J. Evelyn 61 An even Bed, which being made of fine earth, clap down with your Spade, as Gard'ners do for Purselain-seed. 1864 E. Morris (ed. 3) 92 It seemed as if the dormant purslane-seed had been instantly called into life by the touch of the guano. 1972 24 June 15/4 Purslane seed is tough and has been known to live in the soil for as long as 40 years. 1769 J. Hill XIV. 17 Purslain-Leaved Bean Caper... The Leaves have foot-stalks, and are egg-shaped. 1822 S. Clarke II. 15 C. Halimifolius. Purslane-leaved Cistus. C2. 1887 21 Oct. 204/2 To the entomologist it will be interesting to know that the scientifiic name of the purslane moth is Copidryas Gloveri. 1903 W. J. Holland 141 Glover's Purslane-moth. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Sphingidae > deilephica lineata (purslane sphinx) 1841 T. W. Harris Index 230 Purslane sphinx. 1899 17 Feb. 241/2 It will be easy to indicate their importance as destroyers of weeds and other noxious plants... We need only mention..the purslane caterpillar (Copidryas gloveri), the burdock beetle (Gastroidea cyanea), and the purslane sphinx moth (Deilephila lineata). 1901 M. C. Dickerson 239 Another extremely common Sphinx caterpillar is the Purslane Sphinx, or the larva of the White-lined Sphinx moth. 1616 B. Jonson Entertainm. at Highgate 65 in I Vnder yond' purslane tree stood sometime my cradle. 1792 (Dicksons & Co.) 4 132 Portulacaria afra..Purslane tree. 1794 T. Taylor tr. Pausanias III. 48 In the temple of Promachos the remains of a purslain-tree are dedicated. 1915 M. Armstrong & J. J. Thornber 120 The Purslane-tree, or Spek-boom, of South Africa is often the principal food of elephants and its foliage gives the characteristic coloring to the landscape. 1971 IV. 604/1 Elephant's-food or purslane tree (Portulacaria afra), called spekboom (fat-tree) in Afrikaans,..is found in the drier eastern regions of Africa south of Abyssinia. 1887 21 Oct. 204/1 (heading) The purslane-worm. 1892 23 Apr. 7/2 Four of our largest ‘worms’ are the larvæ of Philampelus achemon, the grape sphinx..; Deilephila lineata, the purslane worm.., [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1400 |
