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单词 pull-
释义

pull-comb. form

Stress is often attracted to this combining form.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: pull v.; pull n.1
Etymology: Partly < pull v., and partly < pull n.1
1. Forming compounds with nouns.
a. Forming nouns with the sense ‘used by, for, or in pulling’ (cf. pulling n. Compounds 1), as pull-line, pull rod, pull trigger, etc.
ΚΠ
1863 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 33 247 Ferried across without accident, we climbed up the right bank, aided by a pull-line.
1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 449/3 This was a drawback to the Pioneers the open sight and heavy pull trigger being strange to them.
1886 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 43 Both have overhead flushing reservoirs,..operated by pull-chain.
1903 Motor. Ann. 296 Look for stretch in the pull-rods, and wear off the braking surfaces.
1915 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Jrnl.-Gaz. 3 Jan. 28/6 A pull chain..rotates the shell in either direction.
1991 Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 39 2598/2 A wire..was inserted into the grip through a hole drilled into the pull rod connected to the top of the upper grip.
2004 N.Y. Times (Electronic ed.) 21 Nov. v. 8 The toilet flushed with a pull chain dangling from the vast heights of the ceiling.
b. Forming nouns with the sense ‘that may be moved by pulling’, as pull cart, pull engine, pull toy, etc.
ΚΠ
1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 1072/2 The Pull Engine. With rubber composition tyres..each 16/3.
1919 Evening Tel. (Rocky Mount, N. Carolina) 18 Mar. 8/5 (advt.) If it is a Carriage, Go-cart, Push cart, or a Pull Cart, that you are in need of, we have them and would be pleased to sell you.
1946 Sun (Baltimore) 14 Dec. 14/6 Wagons and other pull-toys should have rope handles.
1978 Neiman, Marcus Christmas Bk. 83 A purple cow pull toy, complete with the N-M brand.
1994 Gettysburg (Pa.) Times 10 June 5 b/2 (advt.) A brief listing consisting of:..Jacobsen mower, Lawn sweeper; Rotary mower; Rototiller; Pull seed broadcaster; [etc.].
c.
pull-bell n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlbɛl/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌbɛl/
now rare a bell rung by pulling on a cord or chain (as opposed to a handbell).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > audible signalling > ringing of bells as signal > [noun] > bell rung by cord
pull-bell1552
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > other bells
handbell1494
pull-bell1552
morris bell1560
wire-bell1668
joy-bells1808
sleigh-bell1849
gong1864
gong-bell1864
fairy bells1888
tin-pot1895
1552 in W. Page Inventories Church Goods York, Durham & Northumberland (1897) 53 One litle puyll bell.
1845 Mineral Point (Wisconsin Territory) Democrat 25 Apr. Articles of household furniture, such as a hand-bell, or a pull-bell, to which the virtuous woman has frequent occasions to lay her hand.
1919 R. Macaulay Three Days 52 How a pull-bell clangs when it rings!
2001 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 21 Mar. 1 b Light fixtures above the seats are old-fashioned glass... There is a pull-bell to ding.
pull-boat n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlbəʊt/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌboʊt/
(a) a boat propelled by pulling on a rope; (b) U.S. regional (chiefly southern), a flat-bottomed boat with a small engine, used for pulling logs, esp. through a swamp.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > barge or lighter with lifting machinery
pontoon1769
pull-boat1883
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > canal boat > towed by man or horses
team boat1816
pull-boat1883
1883 G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Jan. 172/2 It is a treat to see a powerful young Dutchwoman handle a rope on a pull-boat.
1895 N.Y. Times 24 Nov. 28/2 A system in common use in the cypress swamps of the South is what is known among lumbermen as a ‘pull boat’... The one-inch cable is pulled out into the swamp, and the logs are hauled in by the winding of the drum.
1933 M. K. Rawlings South Moon 63 The drum on the pull-boat chattered, the gears ground and creaked.
2005 M. Saikku This Delta, This Land vi. 185 Southern float logging was largely replaced in the 1890s by the pull boat method: a stationary engine, mounted on a barge, skidded the logs over the soft surface of the bottomlands.
pull-bone n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlbəʊn/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌboʊn/
English regional (northern) and U.S. regional (chiefly southern and Midland) = wishbone n.; cf. pully-bone n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > bones > [noun] > furcula or wishbone
froshell1486
merrythought1598
craw-bone1611
skipjack1805
furculum1833
fourchette1854
furcula1859
wishbone1860
pulling bone1877
pully-bone1897
skip-bone1901
pull-bonea1903
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > fowls > [noun] > cuts or parts of fowl
wingc1470
soul?a1475
giblet1546
merrythought1598
sideman1632
sidesman1642
drumstick1646
pinion1655
side bone1712
chicken liver1733
pope's nose1788
liver wing1796
apron1807
parson's nose1836
stumps1845
oyster1855
supreme1856
wishbone1860
pulling bone1877
carcass1883
pully-bone1897
pull-bonea1903
chicken breast1941
chicken tender1955
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [noun] > magical object > for making wish > wishbone
merrythought1598
wishbone1860
pulling bone1877
pully-bone1897
pull-bonea1903
a1903 J. Turner in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) 642/2 [W. Yks.] Pull-bone,..it is often pulled by two young persons until it snaps in two.
1905 ‘O. Henry’ in Chicago Sunday Tribune 5 Nov. vi. 7/4 In her mind she could hear the girls shrieking over a pull bone.
c1970 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. 4 371/1 Pull bone.
pull-cock n. Obsolete a tap worked by pulling a handle or lever.
ΚΠ
1860 Sci. Amer. 16 June 396/3 George Leach, of New York City, for an improvement in pull cocks.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1818/2 Pull-cock, a faucet whose spigot or movable member is vertical while the passage is closed, and is pulled over to a horizontal position to discharge. It rotates 90° in a vertical plane, while the ordinary spigot moves in a horizontal plane.
pull-cord n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlkɔːd/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌkɔrd/
a cord which starts or operates a mechanism when pulled.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > control(s) > [adjective] > other controls
pull-cord1865
1865 Sci. Amer. 29 Apr. 281/3 The arrangement of pulleys..on the arm..of the segment in combination with the pull-cords.
1963 Listener 28 Feb. 399/1 It should be..fitted with either a pull-cord switch or one outside the door.
1994 Ontario Out of Doors Sept. 58/2 It's a full-bodied decoy with a moveable head, operated by a pull cord.
pull-crow adj. Obsolete rare that may be used for plucking or pulling crows (cf. pull v. 1a).
ΚΠ
1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. R4 Braggardous affronts, white liuerd tronts, where doth the vranie or furie ring, pulcrow implements. Danters scar-crow Presse.
pull-date n.
Brit. /ˈpʊldeɪt/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌdeɪt/
originally and chiefly U.S. a date or code on a package of perishable goods indicating when it becomes unsuitable for sale; a sell-by date; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > duration > [noun] > time-limit > for using perishable items
pull-date1969
sell-by date1973
use-by date1974
1969 Washington Post 16 Oct. (Potomac Mag. section) 7/2 Some dates represent the last day of shelf life, called the ‘pull’ date, and other dates represent the packaging date.
1995 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 1 Jan. c1/3 Good news? There was some,..largely devoted to the bashing of narrow-minded stereotypes long past their pull date.
2004 Nation's Restaurant News 23 Aug. 116 Saunders had stopped serving pickles earlier this month after learning that their..pull date had been extended by six to nine months.
pull-devil n. Angling Obsolete a cluster of fish hooks designed to catch several fish at once when pulled through a shoal.
ΚΠ
1890 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Pull-devil, a device for catching fish, made of several hooks fastened back to back, to be dragged or jerked through the water.
pull-drive n.
Brit. /ˈpʊldrʌɪv/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌdraɪv/
Cricket = pull n.1 9f.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > types of stroke
long ball1744
nip1752
catch1816
no-hit1827
cut1833
short hit1833
draw1836
drive1836
square hit1837
skylarker1839
skyer1840
skyscraper1842
back-cut1845
bum1845
leg sweep1846
slog1846
square cut1850
driver1851
Harrow drive1851
leg slip1852
poke1853
snick1857
snorter1859
leg stroke1860
smite1861
on-drive1862
bump ball1864
rocketer1864
pull1865
grass trimmer1867
late cut1867
off-drive1867
spoon1871
push1873
push stroke1873
smack1875
Harrow drive1877
pull-stroke1880
leg glance1883
gallery-hit1884
boundary-stroke1887
glide1888
sweep1888
boundary1896
hook1896
leg glide1896
backstroke1897
flick1897
hook stroke1897
cover-drive1898
straight drive1898
square drive1900
edger1905
pull-drive1905
slash1906
placing stroke1907
push drive1912
block shot1915
if-shot1920
placing shot1921
cow-shot1922
mow1925
Chinese cut1937
haymaker1954
hoick1954
perhapser1954
air shot1956
steepler1959
mishook1961
swish1963
chop-
1905 Athenæum 18 Nov. 383/2 Like the hook-stroke and the pull-drive, it is well illustrated here.
1977 World of Cricket Monthly June 40/3 Harvey broke through with an audacious pull-drive and a daredevil sweep.
2000 Times 17 Nov. 40/4 He said after skying an attempted pull-drive that he was proud of the way that he had ‘hung in there’ once England had got past their first target of 300.
pull factor n.
Brit. /ˈpʊl ˌfaktə/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌfæktər/
an aspect or feature which makes something an attractive option; (also) the degree to which an action is motivated by the attractiveness of its potential outcome; cf. push factor n. at push- comb. form 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attractiveness > [noun] > attractive quality or feature
lust1390
jollity1484
allure1534
Venus1540
attract1593
attraction1599
attractive1607
gold dust1690
charm1697
charmingness1727
take1794
charmfulness1842
style1897
appeal1916
pull factor1938
1911 Gaz. & Bull. (Williamsport, Pa.) 12 Dec. 6/1 It will remove from the field of discussion a consideration of the ‘push and pull’ factor, since distance can be more surely made.]
1938 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 43 948 The discussion of the ‘causes of the rural exodus’ can only advance on the basis of an investigation of those ‘pull factors’ which have thus far been neglected in the literature.
1984 Monthly Labor Rev. (Nexis) Nov. Much of women's recent occupational mobility may be attributed to pull factors.
1995 Scotsman (Nexis) 10 Aug. 13 Only a small minority said they had become freelances from a positive wish to do so... The ‘push factor’ in the growth of self-employment..was greater than the ‘pull-factor’.
2004 Independent 7 Jan. (Property section) 12/5 Although the schools have always been a strong pull factor, buyers who commute to London have tended to draw the line at Wadhurst.
pull hitter n.
Brit. /ˈpʊl ˌhɪtə/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌhɪdər/
Baseball a hitter with a tendency to pull the ball (see pull v. 31).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > baseball player > [noun] > batter
batsman1856
slugger1877
pinch-hitter1899
pinch batter1904
pull hitter1927
switch-hitter1948
designated hitter1961
designated pinch-hitter1967
clean-up hitter1984
1927 Washington Post 23 Apr. 13/4 Myer has been advised to change from a swinger to a pull hitter in an effort to put more power in his stroke.
1972 N.Y. Times 4 June v. 2/7 He is primarily a pull hitter to left and some teams stack defensive alignments against him.
2005 Sporting News 22 Apr. 67/2 White is still a pull hitter but is making more use of the whole field.
pull-iron n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlʌɪən/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌaɪ(ə)rn/
U.S. (now historical) (a) (in a horse-drawn vehicle) the iron tongue by which the swingletree (swingletree n. 2) is attached to the vehicle; (b) a bolt or lug on a railway car, to which a chain or rope may be attached when the car is to be pulled by horses.
ΚΠ
1869 Sci. Amer. 23 Jan. 62/2 Pull iron for horse cars.—Allen S. Jimmerson, New York city, N.Y.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1821/1 Pull-iron, the piece at the hind end of the tongue of a street-car by which it is attached to the car.
1890 Cent. Dict. Pull-Iron, in a railroad-car, an eye-bolt or lug to which a chain may be attached when the car is to be moved by horses.
1984 Railway Age Comprehensive Railroad Dict. Pull Iron, a roping staple.
pull-piece n. Obsolete a wire or chain on a clock which when pulled causes it to strike the last hour.
ΚΠ
1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 300/1 X is a piece called the pull-piece, by pulling a string at the end of which the lifting-piece is raised, and the clock is made to repeat the hour last struck at any required time.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1821/1 Pull-piece (Horology), the wire or string..by pulling which the clock is made to strike.
pull-quote n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlkwəʊt/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌkwoʊt/
Typography and Journalism (originally and chiefly U.S.) a brief and striking quotation taken from the main text of an article and used as a subheading or graphic feature, usually in a distinctive typeface; (also) a striking quotation used as a caption or graphic feature in an advertisement.
ΚΠ
1986 F. E. Davis et al. Desktop Publishing iii. 46 You can break up a page of text attractively by dropping in a..quote from the main body of text that you set apart somehow—either in a box, within rules, or surrounded by white space—to catch the readers' attention... These free-floating phrases, which are called callouts or pull quotes, can highlight important material.
1997 Church Times 28 Feb. 16/2 ‘What is happening in Jewish life is close to becoming its death throes’ was the pull-quote, and I had to read it twice before I was sure it meant anything at all.
2002 Washington Post 30 July c4 A pull quote is a humble thing but sometimes it rises to the level of art, becoming a poem, or even a tiny short story, like this little gem from Elle: ‘Over seven weeks, we were falling in love, leaving bad jobs and marriages, closing deals and having multiple orgasms.’
pull start n.
Brit. /ˈpʊl stɑːt/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌstɑrt/
the use of a pull-cord to start a machine, engine, etc.; the fact of being able to be started in this way.
ΚΠ
1965 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 19 Apr. 7/2 (advt.) Your choice of pull start or impulse start.
2005 Innisfail (Austral.) Advocate 19 Feb. 15 The Stiga Garden Compact..has an excellent turning circle and electric start with standby pull start.
pull-start v.
Brit. /ˈpʊlstɑːt/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌstɑrt/
transitive to start (a machine, engine, etc.) by means of a pull-cord.
ΚΠ
1983 A. Clark Jrnl. 15 Aug. (1990) 36 Yesterday afternoon I broke the lanyard..on the twenty-seventh..attempt to get it pull-started.
1995 Canad. Geographic Sept. 32/3 ‘He's just ahead of us,’ Poole would say, switching off his receiver and pull-starting his snowmobile.
2003 Org. Gardening Sept. 44/2 An ingenious type of coil spring is used to reduce both the force and the speed required to pull-start the engine.
pull-stroke n.
Brit. /ˈpʊlstrəʊk/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊlˌstroʊk/
(a) a stroke (of an oar, saw, etc.) performed with a movement towards the body; (b) chiefly Cricket = pull n.1 9f.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > propelling boat by oars, paddle, or pole > [noun] > paddling > stroke with a paddle
pull-stroke1880
the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > a pull > a stroke effected by pulling
pull-stroke1880
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > types of stroke
long ball1744
nip1752
catch1816
no-hit1827
cut1833
short hit1833
draw1836
drive1836
square hit1837
skylarker1839
skyer1840
skyscraper1842
back-cut1845
bum1845
leg sweep1846
slog1846
square cut1850
driver1851
Harrow drive1851
leg slip1852
poke1853
snick1857
snorter1859
leg stroke1860
smite1861
on-drive1862
bump ball1864
rocketer1864
pull1865
grass trimmer1867
late cut1867
off-drive1867
spoon1871
push1873
push stroke1873
smack1875
Harrow drive1877
pull-stroke1880
leg glance1883
gallery-hit1884
boundary-stroke1887
glide1888
sweep1888
boundary1896
hook1896
leg glide1896
backstroke1897
flick1897
hook stroke1897
cover-drive1898
straight drive1898
square drive1900
edger1905
pull-drive1905
slash1906
placing stroke1907
push drive1912
block shot1915
if-shot1920
placing shot1921
cow-shot1922
mow1925
Chinese cut1937
haymaker1954
hoick1954
perhapser1954
air shot1956
steepler1959
mishook1961
swish1963
chop-
1880 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 42/2 The pull-stroke of 3,000 years ago is the best for such thin, narrow blades.
1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket iii. 132 He..applies a marvellous pull-stroke to good-length balls just outside the off-stump.
1969 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. li. 10 Pull stroke,..a stroke whereby the kayakist leans far forward, thrusts the paddle into the water and with extreme exertion pulls the kayak forward.
1994 Harrowsmith Aug. 56/3 The scuffle (or oscillating stirrup) hoe, with its U-shaped blade rocking back and forth a few degrees so that it cuts on both the push and pull strokes.
2006 Sunday Mail (Australia) (Nexis) 5 Mar. He was criticised for over aggressive pull strokes after a first-over mishap in a Test against South Africa.
pull switch n.
Brit. /ˈpʊl swɪtʃ/
,
U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌswɪtʃ/
a switch operated by a pull-cord.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > device to open or close circuit > [noun] > by mode of operation
time switch1884
pull switch1888
press switch1892
autoswitch1903
tumbler switch1907
snap switch1926
timer1934
1888 D. Salomons Managem. Accumulators (ed. 3) ii. ii. 97 The Browett pull switch is fixed near the cornice, and by pulling a cord, the light is put on; also turned off by a similar action.
1961 P. de Vomécourt Army of Amateurs xx. 236 Under the heap was a pound of plastic explosive, attached to it a ‘pull switch’... We tugged at the pull switch.
1971 D. Bagley Freedom Trap vi. 130 The light switch in the bathroom was operated..by a ceiling pull-switch from which a strong cord hung to a convenient hand level.
1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) vii. 325/2 Use a 20amp ceiling-mounted pull-switch with a mechanical on/off indicator.
pull-tails n. English regional (south-western) Obsolete = pulls n.2
ΚΠ
1812 W. Stevenson Gen. View Agric. Dorset v. 152 Mr. Crane's servant..says they have thrashed 15 sacks of wheat from ears, and pull-tails (which remain after the best straw is drawn for reed-thatching) in a day.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles III. xliii. 60 She..reclined on a heap of pull-tails—the refuse after the straight straw had been drawn—thrown up at the further side of the barn.
pull-tow n. English regional (East Anglian) Obsolete tow in the form of pieces which are too coarse to be spun.
ΚΠ
1794 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Suffolk 49 The buyer heckles it [sc. hemp],..he makes it into two or three sorts: long strike, short strike, and pull tow.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pull-tow, pull-tow-knots, the coarse and knotty parts of the tow, which are carefully pulled out and thrown aside, before it is fit to be spun into yarn.
pull-tow-knots n. (also pulternots) English regional (East Anglian) Obsolete = pull-tow n.
ΚΠ
1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words (at cited word) Pulternots, offal, or refuse, of hemp or tow not worth spinning.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pull-tow, pull-tow-knots, the coarse and knotty parts of the tow, which are carefully pulled out and thrown aside, before it is fit to be spun into yarn.
2. Forming phrases.
pull-and-push adj.
Brit. /ˌpʊlən(d)ˈpʊʃ/
,
/ˌpʊln̩(d)ˈpʊʃ/
,
U.S. /ˌpʊl(ə)nˈpʊʃ/
= push-and-pull adj. (in various senses); formerly esp. with reference to locomotives (= push-and-pull adj. 2).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [adjective] > type of train
carriaged1776
steam-hauled1835
steam-operated1835
jerkwater1852
articulated1884
vestibuled1890
multiple-unit1902
air-braked1905
collision-proof1906
pull-and-push1914
push-and-pull1927
sealed1949
drive-on1954
1914 Atlanta Constit. 22 Mar. 13/3 The small pull-and-push buttons control the four principal lighting circuits.
1936 Times 5 May 22/7 There is a pull and push lever on the extreme right of the instrument board, which operates fixed and free transmission in the orthodox way.
1950 Railway Mag. 96 101 (caption) Dolgelly to Barmouth pull-and-push train approaching Barmouth Tunnel.
1968 Railway Mag. 114 300/1 Pull-and-push trials on the G.N. main line..began in January.
2006 Telegram & Gaz. (Mass.) (Nexis) 29 Jan. 1 Pipe men..would slide the ice along, using a long-handled pull-and-push mechanism to keep the blocks on course to storage buildings.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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