单词 | pull- |
释义 | pull-comb. form 1. Forming compounds with nouns. a. Forming nouns with the sense ‘used by, for, or in pulling’ (cf. pulling n. Compounds 1), as pull-line, pull rod, pull trigger, etc. ΚΠ 1863 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 33 247 Ferried across without accident, we climbed up the right bank, aided by a pull-line. 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 449/3 This was a drawback to the Pioneers the open sight and heavy pull trigger being strange to them. 1886 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 43 Both have overhead flushing reservoirs,..operated by pull-chain. 1903 Motor. Ann. 296 Look for stretch in the pull-rods, and wear off the braking surfaces. 1915 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Jrnl.-Gaz. 3 Jan. 28/6 A pull chain..rotates the shell in either direction. 1991 Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 39 2598/2 A wire..was inserted into the grip through a hole drilled into the pull rod connected to the top of the upper grip. 2004 N.Y. Times (Electronic ed.) 21 Nov. v. 8 The toilet flushed with a pull chain dangling from the vast heights of the ceiling. b. Forming nouns with the sense ‘that may be moved by pulling’, as pull cart, pull engine, pull toy, etc. ΚΠ 1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 1072/2 The Pull Engine. With rubber composition tyres..each 16/3. 1919 Evening Tel. (Rocky Mount, N. Carolina) 18 Mar. 8/5 (advt.) If it is a Carriage, Go-cart, Push cart, or a Pull Cart, that you are in need of, we have them and would be pleased to sell you. 1946 Sun (Baltimore) 14 Dec. 14/6 Wagons and other pull-toys should have rope handles. 1978 Neiman, Marcus Christmas Bk. 83 A purple cow pull toy, complete with the N-M brand. 1994 Gettysburg (Pa.) Times 10 June 5 b/2 (advt.) A brief listing consisting of:..Jacobsen mower, Lawn sweeper; Rotary mower; Rototiller; Pull seed broadcaster; [etc.]. c. pull-bell n. Brit. /ˈpʊlbɛl/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌbɛl/ now rare a bell rung by pulling on a cord or chain (as opposed to a handbell).ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > signalling > audible signalling > ringing of bells as signal > [noun] > bell rung by cord pull-bell1552 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > other bells handbell1494 pull-bell1552 morris bell1560 wire-bell1668 joy-bells1808 sleigh-bell1849 gong1864 gong-bell1864 fairy bells1888 tin-pot1895 1552 in W. Page Inventories Church Goods York, Durham & Northumberland (1897) 53 One litle puyll bell. 1845 Mineral Point (Wisconsin Territory) Democrat 25 Apr. Articles of household furniture, such as a hand-bell, or a pull-bell, to which the virtuous woman has frequent occasions to lay her hand. 1919 R. Macaulay Three Days 52 How a pull-bell clangs when it rings! 2001 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 21 Mar. 1 b Light fixtures above the seats are old-fashioned glass... There is a pull-bell to ding. pull-boat n. Brit. /ˈpʊlbəʊt/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌboʊt/ (a) a boat propelled by pulling on a rope; (b) U.S. regional (chiefly southern), a flat-bottomed boat with a small engine, used for pulling logs, esp. through a swamp.ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > barge or lighter with lifting machinery pontoon1769 pull-boat1883 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > canal boat > towed by man or horses team boat1816 pull-boat1883 1883 G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Jan. 172/2 It is a treat to see a powerful young Dutchwoman handle a rope on a pull-boat. 1895 N.Y. Times 24 Nov. 28/2 A system in common use in the cypress swamps of the South is what is known among lumbermen as a ‘pull boat’... The one-inch cable is pulled out into the swamp, and the logs are hauled in by the winding of the drum. 1933 M. K. Rawlings South Moon 63 The drum on the pull-boat chattered, the gears ground and creaked. 2005 M. Saikku This Delta, This Land vi. 185 Southern float logging was largely replaced in the 1890s by the pull boat method: a stationary engine, mounted on a barge, skidded the logs over the soft surface of the bottomlands. pull-bone n. Brit. /ˈpʊlbəʊn/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌboʊn/ English regional (northern) and U.S. regional (chiefly southern and Midland) = wishbone n.; cf. pully-bone n.ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > bones > [noun] > furcula or wishbone froshell1486 merrythought1598 craw-bone1611 skipjack1805 furculum1833 fourchette1854 furcula1859 wishbone1860 pulling bone1877 pully-bone1897 skip-bone1901 pull-bonea1903 the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > fowls > [noun] > cuts or parts of fowl wingc1470 soul?a1475 giblet1546 merrythought1598 sideman1632 sidesman1642 drumstick1646 pinion1655 side bone1712 chicken liver1733 pope's nose1788 liver wing1796 apron1807 parson's nose1836 stumps1845 oyster1855 supreme1856 wishbone1860 pulling bone1877 carcass1883 pully-bone1897 pull-bonea1903 chicken breast1941 chicken tender1955 the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [noun] > magical object > for making wish > wishbone merrythought1598 wishbone1860 pulling bone1877 pully-bone1897 pull-bonea1903 a1903 J. Turner in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) 642/2 [W. Yks.] Pull-bone,..it is often pulled by two young persons until it snaps in two. 1905 ‘O. Henry’ in Chicago Sunday Tribune 5 Nov. vi. 7/4 In her mind she could hear the girls shrieking over a pull bone. c1970 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. 4 371/1 Pull bone. ΚΠ 1860 Sci. Amer. 16 June 396/3 George Leach, of New York City, for an improvement in pull cocks. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1818/2 Pull-cock, a faucet whose spigot or movable member is vertical while the passage is closed, and is pulled over to a horizontal position to discharge. It rotates 90° in a vertical plane, while the ordinary spigot moves in a horizontal plane. pull-cord n. Brit. /ˈpʊlkɔːd/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌkɔrd/ a cord which starts or operates a mechanism when pulled.ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > control(s) > [adjective] > other controls pull-cord1865 1865 Sci. Amer. 29 Apr. 281/3 The arrangement of pulleys..on the arm..of the segment in combination with the pull-cords. 1963 Listener 28 Feb. 399/1 It should be..fitted with either a pull-cord switch or one outside the door. 1994 Ontario Out of Doors Sept. 58/2 It's a full-bodied decoy with a moveable head, operated by a pull cord. ΚΠ 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. R4 Braggardous affronts, white liuerd tronts, where doth the vranie or furie ring, pulcrow implements. Danters scar-crow Presse. pull-date n. Brit. /ˈpʊldeɪt/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌdeɪt/ originally and chiefly U.S. a date or code on a package of perishable goods indicating when it becomes unsuitable for sale; a sell-by date; also figurative.ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > [noun] > time-limit > for using perishable items pull-date1969 sell-by date1973 use-by date1974 1969 Washington Post 16 Oct. (Potomac Mag. section) 7/2 Some dates represent the last day of shelf life, called the ‘pull’ date, and other dates represent the packaging date. 1995 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 1 Jan. c1/3 Good news? There was some,..largely devoted to the bashing of narrow-minded stereotypes long past their pull date. 2004 Nation's Restaurant News 23 Aug. 116 Saunders had stopped serving pickles earlier this month after learning that their..pull date had been extended by six to nine months. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Pull-devil, a device for catching fish, made of several hooks fastened back to back, to be dragged or jerked through the water. pull-drive n. Brit. /ˈpʊldrʌɪv/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌdraɪv/ Cricket = pull n.1 9f.ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > types of stroke long ball1744 nip1752 catch1816 no-hit1827 cut1833 short hit1833 draw1836 drive1836 square hit1837 skylarker1839 skyer1840 skyscraper1842 back-cut1845 bum1845 leg sweep1846 slog1846 square cut1850 driver1851 Harrow drive1851 leg slip1852 poke1853 snick1857 snorter1859 leg stroke1860 smite1861 on-drive1862 bump ball1864 rocketer1864 pull1865 grass trimmer1867 late cut1867 off-drive1867 spoon1871 push1873 push stroke1873 smack1875 Harrow drive1877 pull-stroke1880 leg glance1883 gallery-hit1884 boundary-stroke1887 glide1888 sweep1888 boundary1896 hook1896 leg glide1896 backstroke1897 flick1897 hook stroke1897 cover-drive1898 straight drive1898 square drive1900 edger1905 pull-drive1905 slash1906 placing stroke1907 push drive1912 block shot1915 if-shot1920 placing shot1921 cow-shot1922 mow1925 Chinese cut1937 haymaker1954 hoick1954 perhapser1954 air shot1956 steepler1959 mishook1961 swish1963 chop- 1905 Athenæum 18 Nov. 383/2 Like the hook-stroke and the pull-drive, it is well illustrated here. 1977 World of Cricket Monthly June 40/3 Harvey broke through with an audacious pull-drive and a daredevil sweep. 2000 Times 17 Nov. 40/4 He said after skying an attempted pull-drive that he was proud of the way that he had ‘hung in there’ once England had got past their first target of 300. pull factor n. Brit. /ˈpʊl ˌfaktə/ , U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌfæktər/ an aspect or feature which makes something an attractive option; (also) the degree to which an action is motivated by the attractiveness of its potential outcome; cf. push factor n. at push- comb. form 2.ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attractiveness > [noun] > attractive quality or feature lust1390 jollity1484 allure1534 Venus1540 attract1593 attraction1599 attractive1607 gold dust1690 charm1697 charmingness1727 take1794 charmfulness1842 style1897 appeal1916 pull factor1938 1911 Gaz. & Bull. (Williamsport, Pa.) 12 Dec. 6/1 It will remove from the field of discussion a consideration of the ‘push and pull’ factor, since distance can be more surely made.] 1938 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 43 948 The discussion of the ‘causes of the rural exodus’ can only advance on the basis of an investigation of those ‘pull factors’ which have thus far been neglected in the literature. 1984 Monthly Labor Rev. (Nexis) Nov. Much of women's recent occupational mobility may be attributed to pull factors. 1995 Scotsman (Nexis) 10 Aug. 13 Only a small minority said they had become freelances from a positive wish to do so... The ‘push factor’ in the growth of self-employment..was greater than the ‘pull-factor’. 2004 Independent 7 Jan. (Property section) 12/5 Although the schools have always been a strong pull factor, buyers who commute to London have tended to draw the line at Wadhurst. pull hitter n. Brit. /ˈpʊl ˌhɪtə/ , U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌhɪdər/ Baseball a hitter with a tendency to pull the ball (see pull v. 31).ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > baseball player > [noun] > batter batsman1856 slugger1877 pinch-hitter1899 pinch batter1904 pull hitter1927 switch-hitter1948 designated hitter1961 designated pinch-hitter1967 clean-up hitter1984 1927 Washington Post 23 Apr. 13/4 Myer has been advised to change from a swinger to a pull hitter in an effort to put more power in his stroke. 1972 N.Y. Times 4 June v. 2/7 He is primarily a pull hitter to left and some teams stack defensive alignments against him. 2005 Sporting News 22 Apr. 67/2 White is still a pull hitter but is making more use of the whole field. pull-iron n. Brit. /ˈpʊlʌɪən/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌaɪ(ə)rn/ U.S. (now historical) (a) (in a horse-drawn vehicle) the iron tongue by which the swingletree (swingletree n. 2) is attached to the vehicle; (b) a bolt or lug on a railway car, to which a chain or rope may be attached when the car is to be pulled by horses.ΚΠ 1869 Sci. Amer. 23 Jan. 62/2 Pull iron for horse cars.—Allen S. Jimmerson, New York city, N.Y. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1821/1 Pull-iron, the piece at the hind end of the tongue of a street-car by which it is attached to the car. 1890 Cent. Dict. Pull-Iron, in a railroad-car, an eye-bolt or lug to which a chain may be attached when the car is to be moved by horses. 1984 Railway Age Comprehensive Railroad Dict. Pull Iron, a roping staple. ΚΠ 1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 300/1 X is a piece called the pull-piece, by pulling a string at the end of which the lifting-piece is raised, and the clock is made to repeat the hour last struck at any required time. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1821/1 Pull-piece (Horology), the wire or string..by pulling which the clock is made to strike. pull-quote n. Brit. /ˈpʊlkwəʊt/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌkwoʊt/ Typography and Journalism (originally and chiefly U.S.) a brief and striking quotation taken from the main text of an article and used as a subheading or graphic feature, usually in a distinctive typeface; (also) a striking quotation used as a caption or graphic feature in an advertisement.ΚΠ 1986 F. E. Davis et al. Desktop Publishing iii. 46 You can break up a page of text attractively by dropping in a..quote from the main body of text that you set apart somehow—either in a box, within rules, or surrounded by white space—to catch the readers' attention... These free-floating phrases, which are called callouts or pull quotes, can highlight important material. 1997 Church Times 28 Feb. 16/2 ‘What is happening in Jewish life is close to becoming its death throes’ was the pull-quote, and I had to read it twice before I was sure it meant anything at all. 2002 Washington Post 30 July c4 A pull quote is a humble thing but sometimes it rises to the level of art, becoming a poem, or even a tiny short story, like this little gem from Elle: ‘Over seven weeks, we were falling in love, leaving bad jobs and marriages, closing deals and having multiple orgasms.’ pull start n. Brit. /ˈpʊl stɑːt/ , U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌstɑrt/ the use of a pull-cord to start a machine, engine, etc.; the fact of being able to be started in this way.ΚΠ 1965 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 19 Apr. 7/2 (advt.) Your choice of pull start or impulse start. 2005 Innisfail (Austral.) Advocate 19 Feb. 15 The Stiga Garden Compact..has an excellent turning circle and electric start with standby pull start. pull-start v. Brit. /ˈpʊlstɑːt/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌstɑrt/ transitive to start (a machine, engine, etc.) by means of a pull-cord.ΚΠ 1983 A. Clark Jrnl. 15 Aug. (1990) 36 Yesterday afternoon I broke the lanyard..on the twenty-seventh..attempt to get it pull-started. 1995 Canad. Geographic Sept. 32/3 ‘He's just ahead of us,’ Poole would say, switching off his receiver and pull-starting his snowmobile. 2003 Org. Gardening Sept. 44/2 An ingenious type of coil spring is used to reduce both the force and the speed required to pull-start the engine. pull-stroke n. Brit. /ˈpʊlstrəʊk/ , U.S. /ˈpʊlˌstroʊk/ (a) a stroke (of an oar, saw, etc.) performed with a movement towards the body; (b) chiefly Cricket = pull n.1 9f.ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling boat by oars, paddle, or pole > [noun] > paddling > stroke with a paddle pull-stroke1880 the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > a pull > a stroke effected by pulling pull-stroke1880 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > types of stroke long ball1744 nip1752 catch1816 no-hit1827 cut1833 short hit1833 draw1836 drive1836 square hit1837 skylarker1839 skyer1840 skyscraper1842 back-cut1845 bum1845 leg sweep1846 slog1846 square cut1850 driver1851 Harrow drive1851 leg slip1852 poke1853 snick1857 snorter1859 leg stroke1860 smite1861 on-drive1862 bump ball1864 rocketer1864 pull1865 grass trimmer1867 late cut1867 off-drive1867 spoon1871 push1873 push stroke1873 smack1875 Harrow drive1877 pull-stroke1880 leg glance1883 gallery-hit1884 boundary-stroke1887 glide1888 sweep1888 boundary1896 hook1896 leg glide1896 backstroke1897 flick1897 hook stroke1897 cover-drive1898 straight drive1898 square drive1900 edger1905 pull-drive1905 slash1906 placing stroke1907 push drive1912 block shot1915 if-shot1920 placing shot1921 cow-shot1922 mow1925 Chinese cut1937 haymaker1954 hoick1954 perhapser1954 air shot1956 steepler1959 mishook1961 swish1963 chop- 1880 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 42/2 The pull-stroke of 3,000 years ago is the best for such thin, narrow blades. 1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket iii. 132 He..applies a marvellous pull-stroke to good-length balls just outside the off-stump. 1969 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. li. 10 Pull stroke,..a stroke whereby the kayakist leans far forward, thrusts the paddle into the water and with extreme exertion pulls the kayak forward. 1994 Harrowsmith Aug. 56/3 The scuffle (or oscillating stirrup) hoe, with its U-shaped blade rocking back and forth a few degrees so that it cuts on both the push and pull strokes. 2006 Sunday Mail (Australia) (Nexis) 5 Mar. He was criticised for over aggressive pull strokes after a first-over mishap in a Test against South Africa. pull switch n. Brit. /ˈpʊl swɪtʃ/ , U.S. /ˈpʊl ˌswɪtʃ/ a switch operated by a pull-cord.ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > device to open or close circuit > [noun] > by mode of operation time switch1884 pull switch1888 press switch1892 autoswitch1903 tumbler switch1907 snap switch1926 timer1934 1888 D. Salomons Managem. Accumulators (ed. 3) ii. ii. 97 The Browett pull switch is fixed near the cornice, and by pulling a cord, the light is put on; also turned off by a similar action. 1961 P. de Vomécourt Army of Amateurs xx. 236 Under the heap was a pound of plastic explosive, attached to it a ‘pull switch’... We tugged at the pull switch. 1971 D. Bagley Freedom Trap vi. 130 The light switch in the bathroom was operated..by a ceiling pull-switch from which a strong cord hung to a convenient hand level. 1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) vii. 325/2 Use a 20amp ceiling-mounted pull-switch with a mechanical on/off indicator. ΚΠ 1812 W. Stevenson Gen. View Agric. Dorset v. 152 Mr. Crane's servant..says they have thrashed 15 sacks of wheat from ears, and pull-tails (which remain after the best straw is drawn for reed-thatching) in a day. 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles III. xliii. 60 She..reclined on a heap of pull-tails—the refuse after the straight straw had been drawn—thrown up at the further side of the barn. ΚΠ 1794 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Suffolk 49 The buyer heckles it [sc. hemp],..he makes it into two or three sorts: long strike, short strike, and pull tow. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pull-tow, pull-tow-knots, the coarse and knotty parts of the tow, which are carefully pulled out and thrown aside, before it is fit to be spun into yarn. ΚΠ 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words (at cited word) Pulternots, offal, or refuse, of hemp or tow not worth spinning. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pull-tow, pull-tow-knots, the coarse and knotty parts of the tow, which are carefully pulled out and thrown aside, before it is fit to be spun into yarn. 2. Forming phrases. pull-and-push adj. Brit. /ˌpʊlən(d)ˈpʊʃ/ , /ˌpʊln̩(d)ˈpʊʃ/ , U.S. /ˌpʊl(ə)nˈpʊʃ/ = push-and-pull adj. (in various senses); formerly esp. with reference to locomotives (= push-and-pull adj. 2).ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [adjective] > type of train carriaged1776 steam-hauled1835 steam-operated1835 jerkwater1852 articulated1884 vestibuled1890 multiple-unit1902 air-braked1905 collision-proof1906 pull-and-push1914 push-and-pull1927 sealed1949 drive-on1954 1914 Atlanta Constit. 22 Mar. 13/3 The small pull-and-push buttons control the four principal lighting circuits. 1936 Times 5 May 22/7 There is a pull and push lever on the extreme right of the instrument board, which operates fixed and free transmission in the orthodox way. 1950 Railway Mag. 96 101 (caption) Dolgelly to Barmouth pull-and-push train approaching Barmouth Tunnel. 1968 Railway Mag. 114 300/1 Pull-and-push trials on the G.N. main line..began in January. 2006 Telegram & Gaz. (Mass.) (Nexis) 29 Jan. 1 Pipe men..would slide the ice along, using a long-handled pull-and-push mechanism to keep the blocks on course to storage buildings. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1552 |
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