proximityn.

Brit.

/prɒkˈsɪmᵻti/, U.S.

/prɑkˈsɪmᵻdi/

Forms: late Middle English proxymyte, 1500s (Scottish)–1600s proximite, 1500s–1600s proximitie, 1600s– proximity.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French proximité.

Etymology: < Middle French, French proximité near relationship (1479), fact, condition, or position of being near or close by in space (1543) < classical Latin proximitāt- , proximitās nearness, near relationship, kinship < proximus proxime adj.¹ + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Catalan proximitat (14th cent.), Spanish proximidad (a1480), Portuguese proximidade (a1583), Italian prossimita (a1292).

1. The fact or condition of being near or close in abstract relations, as kinship (esp. in proximity of blood), time, nature, etc.; closeness.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun] > nearness of

nighnessa1398

propinquity?a1425

nearness1444

proximity1480

germanity1597

the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > affinity or closeness

cousinagea1398

alliancea1475

affinityc1485

propinquitya1500

societya1513

kindred1528

cognationa1555

affinitive1579

sympathya1586

vicinity1594

affiance1597

contingence1612

contingency1612

congeniality1620

umbilicality1646

consanguinity1651

congeneracy1664

gossipred1674

congenerousness1677

closeness1692

intimacy1720

proximity1762

liaison1809

cousinship1848

affiliation1870

kinship1876

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [noun] > nearness, approach, or imminence

nighness1548

towardness1549

propinquity1611

approacha1616

coming1626

looming1627

impendencya1632

fall1647

imminence1655

impendence1657

instancy1658

imminency1665

soonness1668

incumbence1677

simmering1844

proximity1876

1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiii. ii By reson of proxymyte I oughte to haue them, syth th^t cometh none nerrer heyre than I am.

1521 Ld. Dacre in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 283 Bi reason of the nerenes and proximitie of blood.

1582 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) IV. 180 Freindis..belanging to him be proximite of lignage.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 337 Mariages in proximitie of blood are amongst vs forbidden.

1690 P. Ker Conquest of Eloquence 17 But if Proximity of Blood Be sought, to make your Sentence good: Peleus Achilles did Beget.

1721 T. Bolton Sermon 14 That Prince..who by Proximity of Blood succeeded in that Line or Family.

1762 W. Warburton Doctr. Grace Pref. A dark conceit and a dull one have a great proximity in modern wit.

1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer iv. 119 To announce, by the budding of its leaves, the arrival of the spring, and to warn by their fall the proximity of winter.

1855 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages (ed. 11) II. vii. 252 True it is that her proximity of blood to the king would not warrant Osbern to call her adultera.

1876 W. E. Gladstone Homeric Synchronism 69 The inferences..are in favour of the Poet's proximity in time to the War of Troy.

1934 M. McLuhan Let. 3 Nov. (1987) 34 Elocution has suffered, more than singing, from its seeming proximity to common parlance.

1973 16th Cent. Jrnl. 4 91 Their strongest legal argument was the law of proximity of blood in a collateral line.

1995 Guardian (Nexis) 29 Nov. 4 Today is nearer than tomorrow; the level of responsibility depends on proximity in time.

2. The fact, condition, or position of being near or close by in space; nearness. Now the dominant sense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > [noun]

sideOE

nighnessOE

propinquity?a1425

neighboured1440

neighbourshipc1485

nearnessc1545

vicinity1560

neighbourhood1567

proximity1579

affinity1612

appropinquity1646

voisinage1665

vicinage1686

proximation1802

proximateness1881

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 21 The proximitie and neighbourhood of Myllan with Fraunce.

a1629 T. Goffe Careles Shepherdess (1656) 7 There's Antipathy betwixt the Vine and Lawrell; And since they hate Proximity i'th' Garden.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 87 Tempt not Contagion by proximity, and hazard not thy self in the shadow of Corruption.

1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 155 The stream..will run South, if the proximity of land or shoals does not hinder this change of direction.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. III. xxv. 71 The effect of the proximity was a strong adhesion of the bodies.

1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation i. iii. 108 Our proximity to Ireland.

1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District (1879) 286 Owing to the close proximity to the sea.

1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love vi. 66 He felt that the girl was physically aware of his proximity.

1988 J. G. Ballard Running Wild 8 The chief attraction for..the architects and property developers..was the proximity of the M4 motorway.

2004 N.Y. Times 8 Dec. c10/3 The Aleutian low, named for its proximity to the Alaskan archipelago, appears on weather maps most of the year.

Compounds

C1.

proximity fuse n. an electronic detonator in a missile, shell, etc., that uses radar to measure its position in relation to a target and operates automatically when it comes within a predetermined distance.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > guided or ballistic missile > [noun] > part of missile

proximity fuse1940

umbilical cord1948

1940 J. Colville Diary 22 July in Fringes of Power (1985) 198 I talked to the Prof. about his secret weapons, the U.P., the P.F. (proximity fuse), G.L. and P.E.

1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest 53 Applications of radar in the form of the ‘proximity fuse’ were critically important in bringing victory [in World War II].

1991 N.Y. Times 5 Feb. c10/1 At the flight's very end, a proximity fuse fires an explosive warhead.

proximity-fused adj. (of a missile, shell, etc.) containing a proximity fuse.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > guided or ballistic missile > [adjective] > other attributes

proximity-fused1945

surface-to-air1950

surface-to-surface1951

heat-seeking1956

ship-to-air1957

targetable1968

silo-busting1970

1945 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 12 Nov. 9 The Germans had tested the proximity-fused missile both as an air-to-air weapon..and as a ground-to-air weapon.

1996 Jrnl. Palestine Stud. 25 142/2 There was considerable evidence of multiple proximity-fused artillery ammunition detonating directly above the compound.

proximity talks n. Politics diplomatic discussions or negotiations in which opposing parties do not meet but are in close proximity to each other and talk through intermediaries.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > topic of or subject for conversation or gossip > discussion > discussion of terms > of particular type

war-talk1831

collective bargaining1891

package deal1940

proximity talks1971

1971 Lincoln (Nebraska) Star 7 Dec. Israel and Egypt will hold ‘proximity’ talks in New York.

1986 Christian Sci. Monitor 23 June 15/1 Pakistan,..a key party in the continuing United Nations-sponsored ‘proximity’ talks in Geneva.

1996 Independent 7 Mar. 1/7 The so called ‘proximity talks’ between the constitutional parties in Northern Ireland were now ‘coming together’.

C2. attributive. Computing. In search languages: designating an operator or search which returns results based on the proximity (sense 2) of one search term to another.

ΚΠ

1977 Proc. 5th Ann. ACM Computer Sci. Conf. Jan. 24/2 Search options allow free text searching, proximity searching, comparisons between data elements in a document.

1985 Jrnl. Econ. Lit. 23 1737 In our next example of free-text searching, we looked for articles on comparable worth, using a proximity operator (‘w’ for ‘with’).

1998 B. Garrison Computer-assisted Reporting iii. 85 Words identified in a proximity search do not always have to be in the same order as requested.

2004 Network Computing (Nexis) 11 Nov. 25 Through sophisticated command-line queries using Boolean connectors, proximity operators and pattern matching, you can reduce the irrelevant clutter retrieved by simple searches.

Derivatives

proxˈimitive adj. rare of, relating to, or arising from proximity.

ΚΠ

1888 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Phantom Future II. vi. 85 To get farther from a proximitive influence which was becoming too strong for her.

1928 L. S. Theremin U.S. Patent 1,661,058 2/1 The invention comprises an oscillating system capable of producing audible sound tones and adapted to be influenced or affected by an object or objects, such as the hands or fingers of an operator moved in proximitive relation to an element thereof.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	proximity
释义	proximityn. Brit. /prɒkˈsɪmᵻti/, U.S. /prɑkˈsɪmᵻdi/ Forms: late Middle English proxymyte, 1500s (Scottish)–1600s proximite, 1500s–1600s proximitie, 1600s– proximity. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French proximité. Etymology: < Middle French, French proximité near relationship (1479), fact, condition, or position of being near or close by in space (1543) < classical Latin proximitāt- , proximitās nearness, near relationship, kinship < proximus proxime adj.¹ + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Catalan proximitat (14th cent.), Spanish proximidad (a1480), Portuguese proximidade (a1583), Italian prossimita (a1292). 1. The fact or condition of being near or close in abstract relations, as kinship (esp. in proximity of blood), time, nature, etc.; closeness. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun] > nearness of nighnessa1398 propinquity?a1425 nearness1444 proximity1480 germanity1597 the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > affinity or closeness cousinagea1398 alliancea1475 affinityc1485 propinquitya1500 societya1513 kindred1528 cognationa1555 affinitive1579 sympathya1586 vicinity1594 affiance1597 contingence1612 contingency1612 congeniality1620 umbilicality1646 consanguinity1651 congeneracy1664 gossipred1674 congenerousness1677 closeness1692 intimacy1720 proximity1762 liaison1809 cousinship1848 affiliation1870 kinship1876 the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [noun] > nearness, approach, or imminence nighness1548 towardness1549 propinquity1611 approacha1616 coming1626 looming1627 impendencya1632 fall1647 imminence1655 impendence1657 instancy1658 imminency1665 soonness1668 incumbence1677 simmering1844 proximity1876 1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiii. ii By reson of proxymyte I oughte to haue them, syth th^t cometh none nerrer heyre than I am. 1521 Ld. Dacre in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 283 Bi reason of the nerenes and proximitie of blood. 1582 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) IV. 180 Freindis..belanging to him be proximite of lignage. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 337 Mariages in proximitie of blood are amongst vs forbidden. 1690 P. Ker Conquest of Eloquence 17 But if Proximity of Blood Be sought, to make your Sentence good: Peleus Achilles did Beget. 1721 T. Bolton Sermon 14 That Prince..who by Proximity of Blood succeeded in that Line or Family. 1762 W. Warburton Doctr. Grace Pref. A dark conceit and a dull one have a great proximity in modern wit. 1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer iv. 119 To announce, by the budding of its leaves, the arrival of the spring, and to warn by their fall the proximity of winter. 1855 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages (ed. 11) II. vii. 252 True it is that her proximity of blood to the king would not warrant Osbern to call her adultera. 1876 W. E. Gladstone Homeric Synchronism 69 The inferences..are in favour of the Poet's proximity in time to the War of Troy. 1934 M. McLuhan Let. 3 Nov. (1987) 34 Elocution has suffered, more than singing, from its seeming proximity to common parlance. 1973 16th Cent. Jrnl. 4 91 Their strongest legal argument was the law of proximity of blood in a collateral line. 1995 Guardian (Nexis) 29 Nov. 4 Today is nearer than tomorrow; the level of responsibility depends on proximity in time. 2. The fact, condition, or position of being near or close by in space; nearness. Now the dominant sense. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > [noun] sideOE nighnessOE propinquity?a1425 neighboured1440 neighbourshipc1485 nearnessc1545 vicinity1560 neighbourhood1567 proximity1579 affinity1612 appropinquity1646 voisinage1665 vicinage1686 proximation1802 proximateness1881 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 21 The proximitie and neighbourhood of Myllan with Fraunce. a1629 T. Goffe Careles Shepherdess (1656) 7 There's Antipathy betwixt the Vine and Lawrell; And since they hate Proximity i'th' Garden. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 87 Tempt not Contagion by proximity, and hazard not thy self in the shadow of Corruption. 1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 155 The stream..will run South, if the proximity of land or shoals does not hinder this change of direction. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. III. xxv. 71 The effect of the proximity was a strong adhesion of the bodies. 1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation i. iii. 108 Our proximity to Ireland. 1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District (1879) 286 Owing to the close proximity to the sea. 1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love vi. 66 He felt that the girl was physically aware of his proximity. 1988 J. G. Ballard Running Wild 8 The chief attraction for..the architects and property developers..was the proximity of the M4 motorway. 2004 N.Y. Times 8 Dec. c10/3 The Aleutian low, named for its proximity to the Alaskan archipelago, appears on weather maps most of the year. Compounds C1. proximity fuse n. an electronic detonator in a missile, shell, etc., that uses radar to measure its position in relation to a target and operates automatically when it comes within a predetermined distance. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > guided or ballistic missile > [noun] > part of missile proximity fuse1940 umbilical cord1948 1940 J. Colville Diary 22 July in Fringes of Power (1985) 198 I talked to the Prof. about his secret weapons, the U.P., the P.F. (proximity fuse), G.L. and P.E. 1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest 53 Applications of radar in the form of the ‘proximity fuse’ were critically important in bringing victory [in World War II]. 1991 N.Y. Times 5 Feb. c10/1 At the flight's very end, a proximity fuse fires an explosive warhead. proximity-fused adj. (of a missile, shell, etc.) containing a proximity fuse. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > guided or ballistic missile > [adjective] > other attributes proximity-fused1945 surface-to-air1950 surface-to-surface1951 heat-seeking1956 ship-to-air1957 targetable1968 silo-busting1970 1945 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 12 Nov. 9 The Germans had tested the proximity-fused missile both as an air-to-air weapon..and as a ground-to-air weapon. 1996 Jrnl. Palestine Stud. 25 142/2 There was considerable evidence of multiple proximity-fused artillery ammunition detonating directly above the compound. proximity talks n. Politics diplomatic discussions or negotiations in which opposing parties do not meet but are in close proximity to each other and talk through intermediaries. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > topic of or subject for conversation or gossip > discussion > discussion of terms > of particular type war-talk1831 collective bargaining1891 package deal1940 proximity talks1971 1971 Lincoln (Nebraska) Star 7 Dec. Israel and Egypt will hold ‘proximity’ talks in New York. 1986 Christian Sci. Monitor 23 June 15/1 Pakistan,..a key party in the continuing United Nations-sponsored ‘proximity’ talks in Geneva. 1996 Independent 7 Mar. 1/7 The so called ‘proximity talks’ between the constitutional parties in Northern Ireland were now ‘coming together’. C2. attributive. Computing. In search languages: designating an operator or search which returns results based on the proximity (sense 2) of one search term to another. ΚΠ 1977 Proc. 5th Ann. ACM Computer Sci. Conf. Jan. 24/2 Search options allow free text searching, proximity searching, comparisons between data elements in a document. 1985 Jrnl. Econ. Lit. 23 1737 In our next example of free-text searching, we looked for articles on comparable worth, using a proximity operator (‘w’ for ‘with’). 1998 B. Garrison Computer-assisted Reporting iii. 85 Words identified in a proximity search do not always have to be in the same order as requested. 2004 Network Computing (Nexis) 11 Nov. 25 Through sophisticated command-line queries using Boolean connectors, proximity operators and pattern matching, you can reduce the irrelevant clutter retrieved by simple searches. Derivatives proxˈimitive adj. rare of, relating to, or arising from proximity. ΚΠ 1888 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Phantom Future II. vi. 85 To get farther from a proximitive influence which was becoming too strong for her. 1928 L. S. Theremin U.S. Patent 1,661,058 2/1 The invention comprises an oscillating system capable of producing audible sound tones and adapted to be influenced or affected by an object or objects, such as the hands or fingers of an operator moved in proximitive relation to an element thereof. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1480
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