progenyn.

Brit.

/ˈprɒdʒᵻni/, U.S.

/ˈprɑdʒəni/

Forms: Middle English progeni, Middle English–1500s progenye, Middle English–1600s progenie, Middle English– progeny, 1500s proginie, 1600s progeney; Scottish pre-1700 progene, pre-1700 progeney, pre-1700 progeni, pre-1700 progenie, pre-1700 1700s– progeny.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French progenie; Latin prōgeniēs.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French progenie offspring, descendants (second half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman; French †progenie ; compare also Old French progine , Middle French progene ) and its etymon classical Latin prōgeniēs offspring, descendants, descendant, child, follower, disciple, product of the breeding of animals or plants, race, stock, family, fruits, product, in post-classical Latin also generation, posterity (Vetus Latina, Vulgate), ancestry (Vulgate) < prō- pro- prefix¹ + the stem of gignere to beget (see genital adj.) + -iēs, suffix forming nouns. Compare Catalan progènie (14th cent.), Old Occitan progenia (15th cent.), Spanish progenia (13th cent.), Portuguese progênia (1244), Italian progenie (13th cent.).

a. Offspring, issue, children; descendants. Occasionally: a child, a descendant; a family.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring

bairn-teamc885

childeOE

tudderc897

seedOE

teamOE

wastum971

offspringOE

i-cundeOE

fostera1175

i-streonc1175

strainc1175

brooda1300

begetc1300

barm-teamc1315

issuea1325

progenyc1330

fruit of the loinsa1340

bowel1382

young onec1384

suita1387

engendrurea1400

fruitinga1400

geta1400

birth?a1425

porturec1425

progenityc1450

bodyfauntc1460

generation1477

fryc1480

enfantement1483

infantment1483

blood issue1535

propagation1536

offspring1548

race1549

family?1552

increase1552

breed1574

begetting1611

sperm1641

bed1832

fruitage1850

c1330 Adam & Eve (Auch.) 602 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 145 (MED) Þo Eue wist sche schuld dye, Sche cleped forþ hir progenie.

c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 324 Adam..moste nedes dye..and al his progenye in this world.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 1361 (MED) Til him and til his progeni Wit pite sal [he] sceu his merci.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 5076 A progenie born of a cursid lyne May..infecte and corupte al a regeoun.

c1470 tr. R. D'Argenteuil's French Bible (Cleveland) (1977) 46 (MED) Thou shalt suffre myssese, pouerte, hungre, thirst..thou & thi progenie.

?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. Cvj In it remayneth the worthy gouernour A stocke and fountayne, of noble progeny.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cv. 11 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 162 His seruantes you ô Abrahams progeny.

a1618 W. Raleigh Life & Death Mahomet (1637) 26 The Mores are the progeny of such Arabians as after their Conquests seated themself in that part of Affrica.

1674 Govt. Tongue v. §2. 120 A sort of incubus brats, the infamous progenies of the lying spirit.

1698 E. Ward London Spy I. i. 14 As much opinionated..as a Fond Father is of the Witty Sayings of his own Progeney.

1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. i. 14 Some think..that Noah's Sons..were saved in the Ark..meerely for being the Posterity or Progeny of a righteous Father.

1756 Monitor No. 35. 1 324 The consequence of so much wiving, was a numerous progeny.

1824 Lancet 8 Feb. 174/2 This patient..produced to himself a numerous progeny.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. i. i. 35 The daughters of such connections, if they go on marrying Bramins for seven generations, restore their progeny to the original purity of the sacerdotal class.

1900 Dict. National Biogr. LXIII. 1172/1 His ancestors had been for generations notorious for the number of their progeny, both legitimate and illegitimate.

1947 M. E. Boylan This Tremendous Lover (new ed.) ii. 15 If Adam had not sinned, original sin would not have been transmitted to his progeny.

1998 Austral. Financial Rev. 5 Aug. 47/5 If this [woman] was indeed his seldom publicly photographed progeny, then she bears a remarkably striking resemblance to another woman.

2006 New Yorker 9 Jan. 90/3 Generations of culture-climbing parents have seized on it [sc. Rousseau's work], desperately, to interest their restless progeny in something, anything, modernly arty.

b. figurative. Spiritual, intellectual, or artistic descendants; successors; followers, disciples.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct > one who follows example or doctrine of another

disciplea1400

progenyc1451

c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 78 (MED) Þe summe of his progenie cam on-to too þousand and too hundred.

c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 88/4 (MED) His desir was..þat his progenie schuld lyue in honest pouerte.

1616 A. Champney Treat. Vocation Bishops 221 So are likewise the Lutherans, and all their progeny.

1765 S. Johnson Pref. to Shakespear's Plays p. viii His characters..are the genuine progeny of common humanity.

1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. xiii. 347 The intellectual progeny whom he [sc. Newton] educated and reared.

1980 Times 7 May 18/2 The progeny of a nasty modern breed of censors..working up a protest against the revival of Charlie Chan.

1994 H. Bloom Western Canon ii. iii. 80 Dante's progeny among the writers are his true canonizers.

2005 R. Nidel World Music: Basics v. 289 Along with the Mighty Sparrow, he [sc. Aldwyn Roberts, ‘Lord Kitchener’] is the most important calypso artist of the twentieth century, revered by his progeny.

†c. = child n. 14a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > that which originates from something else > and is shaped by circumstances of origination

childa1325

progeny1526

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. FFiii^v Certainly they be y^e hous hold of Sathan & progeny of pride.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 600 Hear all ye Angels, Progenie of Light, Thrones, Dominations, Princedoms, Vertues, Powers.

1782 Flames Newgate 4 Amid that noble progeny of light Some liv'd obscure, the butt of Fortune's spight.

1790 J. Boardman tr. S. N. H. Linguet Crit. Anal. & Rev. Voltaire's Wks. 209 There was even in this immense progeny of folly two distinct generations.

d. The product of the breeding of animals or plants; the offspring of sexual or asexual reproduction. Now chiefly Agriculture and Genetics.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > family unit > [noun] > offspring or young > of lower animals

progeny1592

1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. I2 They..had in one night..all the whole progenie of their Pullerie taken away.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 When she has calv'd, then set the Dam aside; And for the tender Progeny provide.

1786 J. Abercrombie Arrangem. Plants p. x, in Gardeners Daily Assistant Perpetuating its duration by a spawny progeny of the root.

1793 Sporting Mag. 2 334/1 That famous horse Eclipse, whose excellence in speed, blood, pedigree, and progeny, will be, perhaps, transmitted to the end of time.

1888 J. R. Lowell Prose Wks. (1890) VI. 199 These flesh-flies..plant there the eggs of their disgustful and infectious progeny.

1977 Crop Sci. 17 909/2 Twenty-one clones whose polycross progenies ranked high for rate of seedling emergence under field conditions or had high forage yield..were selected for this study.

1992 Countryside Mar. 58/2 My initial plan was to..sell its progeny to other breeders.

†2. = generation n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > course or span of life > as a measure of time

progenyc1350

agec1405

generation1629

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xlix. 20 (MED) Þe wicked shal entren unto þe progenie [L. in progenies]..oþer kynde, of his faders.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xxiv. 7 In to þe þrid & þe ferþ progeny [a1425 L.V. generacioun; L. progeniem].

a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) 267 (MED) Mich euer-more is his mercy to all men that on hym han mynde, From progeny to progeny.

1591 Chester Pl. vi. 90 His name alwaie halowed be..from progeny to progenye.

1719 T. Burnet's Sacred Theory of Earth (ed. 4) II. iv. x. 318 This second Progeny or Generation of Men in the future Earth.

†3. A race, stock, or line descended from a common ancestor; a family, clan, or tribe. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun]

kinc825

strindc900

maegtheOE

i-cundeeOE

birdeOE

houseOE

kindOE

kindreda1225

bloodc1300

strainc1330

lineage?a1366

generationa1382

progenya1382

stock1382

nationc1395

tribec1400

ligneea1450

lifec1450

family1474

prosapy?a1475

parentage1490

stirpc1503

pedigree1532

racea1547

stem?c1550

breed1596

progenies1673

familia1842

uji1876

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively

bairn-teamc885

kinc950

seedOE

teamOE

offspringOE

kindOE

childrenc1175

lineage1303

generationa1325

issuea1325

successiona1340

kindredc1350

progenya1382

posterityc1410

sequelc1440

ligneea1450

posterior1509

genealogy1513

propagation1536

racea1547

postery1548

after-spring1583

bowela1593

afterworld1594

loin1608

descendance1617

succession1618

proles1640

descent1667

ramage1936

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Esdras v. 5 Jachym þe sone of sorobabel, sone of solathiel, of þe hous of dauiþ of þe progenye [L. ex progenie] of phares.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. 630 Which al the hole progenie Of lusti folk hath undertake To feede.

1450 in C. L. Kingsford Eng. Hist. Lit. 15th Cent. (1913) 360 (MED) He woll voyde all the false progeny and afynyte of the Duke of Southefolke.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 127 (MED) The progenye of theyme descendede from Agar.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 288 Thou shalt out of my Empire, with all thi progenye [v.r. kynred].

1565 T. Stapleton tr. Bede Hist. Church Eng. i. xv. f. 23^v The Marshes and all the progeny of the Northumbers, that is, of that people which inhabiteth the north side of the flud Humber.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem i. 70 Except remission be given with consent of the progenie and friends of him quha is vnjustlie slane.

1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi Hist. Civil Warres Eng. I. ii. 58 Lluelline, the last Prince of the British Progeny, being slaine.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 394 Now fix your Sight, and stand intent, to see Your Roman Race, and Julian Progeny.

1702 T. Gage Surv. Spanish-West-Indies xiii. 162 The Indians of America in many doings seem to be of the race and progeny of the Tartars.

1761 P. Doyle tr. T. Tasso Delivery Jerusalem II. 194 That never Grecian, Roman progeny, never Barbarian in the days of old Excell'd the Azzian house in hardy knights.

†4. Lineage, parentage, ancestry. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun]

kinc892

strindc900

i-cundeOE

bloodOE

kindredOE

birtha1250

strainc1275

gesta1300

offspring?a1300

lineagea1330

descentc1330

linec1330

progenya1382

generationc1384

engendrurec1390

ancestry?a1400

genealogya1400

kind?a1400

stranda1400

coming?a1425

bedc1430

descencec1443

descension1447

ligneea1450

originc1450

family1474

originala1475

extraction1477

nativityc1485

parentelea1492

stirpc1503

stem?c1550

race1563

parentage1565

brood1590

ancientry1596

descendance1599

breeding1600

descendancy1603

delineation1606

extract1631

ancestory1650

agnation1782

havage1799

engendure1867

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xliii. 7 The man askide vs..our progenye [a1425 L.V. generacioun; L. progeniem] ȝif þe fader lyuyde.

a1425 Dialogue Reason & Adversity (Cambr.) (1968) 15 (MED) Swete Iesu, þi most pore natiuite schul descounfed oure prouȝde hertes wenne we ben a schamed of oure pore progeny.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxii. f. l^v Audouera, a woman of great birth how be it myn Auctor..declarith not hir progeny.

1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Nj Let euery man be content with his proginie, office, callyng, state and degree.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. vii. 61 All French and France exclaimes on thee, Doubting thy Birth and lawfull Progenie .

1649 F. Roberts Clavis Bibliorum (ed. 2) 595 This Tzephaniah, For his Progeny, is described to be the son of Chushi, the son of Gedaliah.

1677 I. Mather Relation Troubles New-Eng. 59 They thought..to make the English believe that those base papooses, were of a royal progeny.

1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor lxxi. 240 The care of about forty families, of the same progeny as the Turks.

1831 Times 19 July 3/2 Many monarchs..do not reckon half the antiquity of the illustrious progeny of the Kings of Portugal.

5. figurative. That which originates from or is generated by something; issue, product, fruit; outcome, result.In plural in quot. a1500.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by family relationships > [noun] > offspring

progenya1393

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product

blossomc1230

fodmea1325

burgeona1340

progenya1393

geniture?1440

fruitc1450

productionc1450

offspring1573

product1573

nursling1591

bantling1593

excrement1600

procedue1602

issuea1616

procedure1626

creature1651

produce1657

parturition1659

outbirth1663

sequel1669

brat1678

operation1774

outgoing1850

fruitling1876

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 4878 Of Avarices progenie, What vice suieth after this.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) lxiv. 11 Thou visitid the erth, and thou made it drunkyn..The stremys of it drunkynand, multipli the progenyes [L. genimina] of it.

1596 T. Lodge Wits Miserie 37 The next of this progenie is Vnlawfull lucre, looke what a handsome Mumpsimus shee is, will you know her profession?

1649 E. Sparke in J. Shute Sarah & Hagar To Rdr. sig. a3 Our grave Author..was..master of those three Grandmother-Languages inscribed on the Cross of Christ, besides some others of their progeny.

1707 R. Franck Admirable & Indefatigable Adventures Nine Pious Pilgrims 38 Death is a Creature God never made, the effect of Lust and the Progeny of Sin.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 96. ⁋8 Falsehood was the progeny of Folly.

1831 M. W. Shelley Frankenstein (rev. ed.) ii. 28 I..set down natural history and all its progeny as a deformed and abortive creation.

1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. viii. 199 Are not these more rapid vibrations the progeny of the slower?

1929 Amer. Speech 4 334 To the vast and growing progeny of ‘cafeteria’ may be added the name given to ‘Maxwell's Vegetarian Healthateria’.

1965 New Scientist 5 Aug. 326/2 Some commentators make a division between ‘light’ and ‘heavy’ [industrialized building], applying the former term to the progeny of the post-war ‘prefab’ systems.

2003 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 Feb. 31/4 The philosophical toy may have gone into quiet Florida retirement, but its progeny would seem to have taken over the world.

Compounds

progeny test n. Agriculture an assessment of the genetic value of an animal or plant made by examining its progeny.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > genetic techniques

selection1837

runting1893

sex control1898

progeny test1910

insemination1923

progeny-testing1926

transformation1928

translation1955

hybridization1959

transcription1961

reverse transcription1970

1910 Times 18 Oct. 15/5 A laying test..to be followed (as its complement) by what is termed a progeny test.

1918 E. B. Babcock & R. E. Clausen Genetics in Relation to Agric. xv. 293 We find that the progeny test of individual plants was first used by Le Couteur and Shirreff. But it was Louis de Vilmorin who first gave special attention to the value of the progeny test (1856).

1932 Proc. Soc. Animal Production xxiv. 52 The swine Record of Performance test is regarded as a progeny test of the sire and dam rather than as a performance test of the individual pigs which are fattened and slaughtered.

1990 Biogr. Mem. Fellows Royal Soc. 36 470 They suggested that in an AI programme young bulls would each be mated to cows from a number of herds and laid off until their progeny had lactated; and the best bulls could then be selected with high accuracy on their progeny test result.

progeny-test v. Agriculture (transitive) to subject (an animal or plant) to a progeny test.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [verb (transitive)] > genetic techniques

transform1928

progeny-test1944

test-cross1950

translate1955

transcribe1962

1944 Q. Rev. Biol. 19 289/1 It is to be hoped that any similar specimens in the future will be more thoroughly studied and progeny-tested.

1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 8 Mar. 101/2 A.I. organizations are in a favoured position, because they deal with large numbers, and can progeny-test many bulls.

2000 M. R. Ahuja in S. M. Jain & S. C. Minocha Molec. Biol. Woody Plants I. ii. 33 Alternatively, the flowering shoots from mature trees could be transformed in-planta, and progeny tested for genetic transformants.

progeny-tested adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [adjective] > genetic techniques

transcriptional1881

transcribable1934

progeny-tested1937

post-transcriptional1969

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > [adjective] > kept for breeding > performance tested

progeny-tested1937

performance tested1959

1937 Times 17 May 16/4 So long as a really healthy demand for progeny-tested stock on commercial lines does not exist, pedigree breeders are unlikely..to make experiments.

1974 Country Life 12 Dec. 1853/1 This not only offers the advantage of the progeny-tested sire as compared with the crossing bull..but a shorter and more concentrated calving season for the stockman.

progeny-testing n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > genetic techniques

selection1837

runting1893

sex control1898

progeny test1910

insemination1923

progeny-testing1926

transformation1928

translation1955

hybridization1959

transcription1961

reverse transcription1970

1926 Hayward Rev. (California) 19 Jan. 1/6 Alex. Stewart..is carrying along ‘progeny testing’ in co-operation with the Extension Division of the University.

1989 Independent 27 Apr. 35/5 By use of artificial insemination..and progeny testing, it would be possible to double improvement over that achievable with natural service.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	progeny
释义	progenyn. Brit. /ˈprɒdʒᵻni/, U.S. /ˈprɑdʒəni/ Forms: Middle English progeni, Middle English–1500s progenye, Middle English–1600s progenie, Middle English– progeny, 1500s proginie, 1600s progeney; Scottish pre-1700 progene, pre-1700 progeney, pre-1700 progeni, pre-1700 progenie, pre-1700 1700s– progeny. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French progenie; Latin prōgeniēs. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French progenie offspring, descendants (second half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman; French †progenie ; compare also Old French progine , Middle French progene ) and its etymon classical Latin prōgeniēs offspring, descendants, descendant, child, follower, disciple, product of the breeding of animals or plants, race, stock, family, fruits, product, in post-classical Latin also generation, posterity (Vetus Latina, Vulgate), ancestry (Vulgate) < prō- pro- prefix¹ + the stem of gignere to beget (see genital adj.) + -iēs, suffix forming nouns. Compare Catalan progènie (14th cent.), Old Occitan progenia (15th cent.), Spanish progenia (13th cent.), Portuguese progênia (1244), Italian progenie (13th cent.). 1. a. Offspring, issue, children; descendants. Occasionally: a child, a descendant; a family. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring bairn-teamc885 childeOE tudderc897 seedOE teamOE wastum971 offspringOE i-cundeOE fostera1175 i-streonc1175 strainc1175 brooda1300 begetc1300 barm-teamc1315 issuea1325 progenyc1330 fruit of the loinsa1340 bowel1382 young onec1384 suita1387 engendrurea1400 fruitinga1400 geta1400 birth?a1425 porturec1425 progenityc1450 bodyfauntc1460 generation1477 fryc1480 enfantement1483 infantment1483 blood issue1535 propagation1536 offspring1548 race1549 family?1552 increase1552 breed1574 begetting1611 sperm1641 bed1832 fruitage1850 c1330 Adam & Eve (Auch.) 602 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 145 (MED) Þo Eue wist sche schuld dye, Sche cleped forþ hir progenie. c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 324 Adam..moste nedes dye..and al his progenye in this world. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 1361 (MED) Til him and til his progeni Wit pite sal [he] sceu his merci. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 5076 A progenie born of a cursid lyne May..infecte and corupte al a regeoun. c1470 tr. R. D'Argenteuil's French Bible (Cleveland) (1977) 46 (MED) Thou shalt suffre myssese, pouerte, hungre, thirst..thou & thi progenie. ?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. Cvj In it remayneth the worthy gouernour A stocke and fountayne, of noble progeny. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cv. 11 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 162 His seruantes you ô Abrahams progeny. a1618 W. Raleigh Life & Death Mahomet (1637) 26 The Mores are the progeny of such Arabians as after their Conquests seated themself in that part of Affrica. 1674 Govt. Tongue v. §2. 120 A sort of incubus brats, the infamous progenies of the lying spirit. 1698 E. Ward London Spy I. i. 14 As much opinionated..as a Fond Father is of the Witty Sayings of his own Progeney. 1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. i. 14 Some think..that Noah's Sons..were saved in the Ark..meerely for being the Posterity or Progeny of a righteous Father. 1756 Monitor No. 35. 1 324 The consequence of so much wiving, was a numerous progeny. 1824 Lancet 8 Feb. 174/2 This patient..produced to himself a numerous progeny. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. i. i. 35 The daughters of such connections, if they go on marrying Bramins for seven generations, restore their progeny to the original purity of the sacerdotal class. 1900 Dict. National Biogr. LXIII. 1172/1 His ancestors had been for generations notorious for the number of their progeny, both legitimate and illegitimate. 1947 M. E. Boylan This Tremendous Lover (new ed.) ii. 15 If Adam had not sinned, original sin would not have been transmitted to his progeny. 1998 Austral. Financial Rev. 5 Aug. 47/5 If this [woman] was indeed his seldom publicly photographed progeny, then she bears a remarkably striking resemblance to another woman. 2006 New Yorker 9 Jan. 90/3 Generations of culture-climbing parents have seized on it [sc. Rousseau's work], desperately, to interest their restless progeny in something, anything, modernly arty. b. figurative. Spiritual, intellectual, or artistic descendants; successors; followers, disciples. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct > one who follows example or doctrine of another disciplea1400 progenyc1451 c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 78 (MED) Þe summe of his progenie cam on-to too þousand and too hundred. c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 88/4 (MED) His desir was..þat his progenie schuld lyue in honest pouerte. 1616 A. Champney Treat. Vocation Bishops 221 So are likewise the Lutherans, and all their progeny. 1765 S. Johnson Pref. to Shakespear's Plays p. viii His characters..are the genuine progeny of common humanity. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. xiii. 347 The intellectual progeny whom he [sc. Newton] educated and reared. 1980 Times 7 May 18/2 The progeny of a nasty modern breed of censors..working up a protest against the revival of Charlie Chan. 1994 H. Bloom Western Canon ii. iii. 80 Dante's progeny among the writers are his true canonizers. 2005 R. Nidel World Music: Basics v. 289 Along with the Mighty Sparrow, he [sc. Aldwyn Roberts, ‘Lord Kitchener’] is the most important calypso artist of the twentieth century, revered by his progeny. †c. = child n. 14a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > that which originates from something else > and is shaped by circumstances of origination childa1325 progeny1526 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. FFiii^v Certainly they be y^e hous hold of Sathan & progeny of pride. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 600 Hear all ye Angels, Progenie of Light, Thrones, Dominations, Princedoms, Vertues, Powers. View more context for this quotation 1782 Flames Newgate 4 Amid that noble progeny of light Some liv'd obscure, the butt of Fortune's spight. 1790 J. Boardman tr. S. N. H. Linguet Crit. Anal. & Rev. Voltaire's Wks. 209 There was even in this immense progeny of folly two distinct generations. d. The product of the breeding of animals or plants; the offspring of sexual or asexual reproduction. Now chiefly Agriculture and Genetics. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > family unit > [noun] > offspring or young > of lower animals progeny1592 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. I2 They..had in one night..all the whole progenie of their Pullerie taken away. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 When she has calv'd, then set the Dam aside; And for the tender Progeny provide. View more context for this quotation 1786 J. Abercrombie Arrangem. Plants p. x, in Gardeners Daily Assistant Perpetuating its duration by a spawny progeny of the root. 1793 Sporting Mag. 2 334/1 That famous horse Eclipse, whose excellence in speed, blood, pedigree, and progeny, will be, perhaps, transmitted to the end of time. 1888 J. R. Lowell Prose Wks. (1890) VI. 199 These flesh-flies..plant there the eggs of their disgustful and infectious progeny. 1977 Crop Sci. 17 909/2 Twenty-one clones whose polycross progenies ranked high for rate of seedling emergence under field conditions or had high forage yield..were selected for this study. 1992 Countryside Mar. 58/2 My initial plan was to..sell its progeny to other breeders. †2. = generation n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > course or span of life > as a measure of time progenyc1350 agec1405 generation1629 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xlix. 20 (MED) Þe wicked shal entren unto þe progenie [L. in progenies]..oþer kynde, of his faders. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xxiv. 7 In to þe þrid & þe ferþ progeny [a1425 L.V. generacioun; L. progeniem]. a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) 267 (MED) Mich euer-more is his mercy to all men that on hym han mynde, From progeny to progeny. 1591 Chester Pl. vi. 90 His name alwaie halowed be..from progeny to progenye. 1719 T. Burnet's Sacred Theory of Earth (ed. 4) II. iv. x. 318 This second Progeny or Generation of Men in the future Earth. †3. A race, stock, or line descended from a common ancestor; a family, clan, or tribe. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun] kinc825 strindc900 maegtheOE i-cundeeOE birdeOE houseOE kindOE kindreda1225 bloodc1300 strainc1330 lineage?a1366 generationa1382 progenya1382 stock1382 nationc1395 tribec1400 ligneea1450 lifec1450 family1474 prosapy?a1475 parentage1490 stirpc1503 pedigree1532 racea1547 stem?c1550 breed1596 progenies1673 familia1842 uji1876 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively bairn-teamc885 kinc950 seedOE teamOE offspringOE kindOE childrenc1175 lineage1303 generationa1325 issuea1325 successiona1340 kindredc1350 progenya1382 posterityc1410 sequelc1440 ligneea1450 posterior1509 genealogy1513 propagation1536 racea1547 postery1548 after-spring1583 bowela1593 afterworld1594 loin1608 descendance1617 succession1618 proles1640 descent1667 ramage1936 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Esdras v. 5 Jachym þe sone of sorobabel, sone of solathiel, of þe hous of dauiþ of þe progenye [L. ex progenie] of phares. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. 630 Which al the hole progenie Of lusti folk hath undertake To feede. 1450 in C. L. Kingsford Eng. Hist. Lit. 15th Cent. (1913) 360 (MED) He woll voyde all the false progeny and afynyte of the Duke of Southefolke. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 127 (MED) The progenye of theyme descendede from Agar. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 288 Thou shalt out of my Empire, with all thi progenye [v.r. kynred]. 1565 T. Stapleton tr. Bede Hist. Church Eng. i. xv. f. 23^v The Marshes and all the progeny of the Northumbers, that is, of that people which inhabiteth the north side of the flud Humber. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem i. 70 Except remission be given with consent of the progenie and friends of him quha is vnjustlie slane. 1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi Hist. Civil Warres Eng. I. ii. 58 Lluelline, the last Prince of the British Progeny, being slaine. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 394 Now fix your Sight, and stand intent, to see Your Roman Race, and Julian Progeny. 1702 T. Gage Surv. Spanish-West-Indies xiii. 162 The Indians of America in many doings seem to be of the race and progeny of the Tartars. 1761 P. Doyle tr. T. Tasso Delivery Jerusalem II. 194 That never Grecian, Roman progeny, never Barbarian in the days of old Excell'd the Azzian house in hardy knights. †4. Lineage, parentage, ancestry. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun] kinc892 strindc900 i-cundeOE bloodOE kindredOE birtha1250 strainc1275 gesta1300 offspring?a1300 lineagea1330 descentc1330 linec1330 progenya1382 generationc1384 engendrurec1390 ancestry?a1400 genealogya1400 kind?a1400 stranda1400 coming?a1425 bedc1430 descencec1443 descension1447 ligneea1450 originc1450 family1474 originala1475 extraction1477 nativityc1485 parentelea1492 stirpc1503 stem?c1550 race1563 parentage1565 brood1590 ancientry1596 descendance1599 breeding1600 descendancy1603 delineation1606 extract1631 ancestory1650 agnation1782 havage1799 engendure1867 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xliii. 7 The man askide vs..our progenye [a1425 L.V. generacioun; L. progeniem] ȝif þe fader lyuyde. a1425 Dialogue Reason & Adversity (Cambr.) (1968) 15 (MED) Swete Iesu, þi most pore natiuite schul descounfed oure prouȝde hertes wenne we ben a schamed of oure pore progeny. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxii. f. l^v Audouera, a woman of great birth how be it myn Auctor..declarith not hir progeny. 1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Nj Let euery man be content with his proginie, office, callyng, state and degree. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. vii. 61 All French and France exclaimes on thee, Doubting thy Birth and lawfull Progenie . View more context for this quotation 1649 F. Roberts Clavis Bibliorum (ed. 2) 595 This Tzephaniah, For his Progeny, is described to be the son of Chushi, the son of Gedaliah. 1677 I. Mather Relation Troubles New-Eng. 59 They thought..to make the English believe that those base papooses, were of a royal progeny. 1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor lxxi. 240 The care of about forty families, of the same progeny as the Turks. 1831 Times 19 July 3/2 Many monarchs..do not reckon half the antiquity of the illustrious progeny of the Kings of Portugal. 5. figurative. That which originates from or is generated by something; issue, product, fruit; outcome, result.In plural in quot. a1500. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by family relationships > [noun] > offspring progenya1393 the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > production > product blossomc1230 fodmea1325 burgeona1340 progenya1393 geniture?1440 fruitc1450 productionc1450 offspring1573 product1573 nursling1591 bantling1593 excrement1600 procedue1602 issuea1616 procedure1626 creature1651 produce1657 parturition1659 outbirth1663 sequel1669 brat1678 operation1774 outgoing1850 fruitling1876 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 4878 Of Avarices progenie, What vice suieth after this. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) lxiv. 11 Thou visitid the erth, and thou made it drunkyn..The stremys of it drunkynand, multipli the progenyes [L. genimina] of it. 1596 T. Lodge Wits Miserie 37 The next of this progenie is Vnlawfull lucre, looke what a handsome Mumpsimus shee is, will you know her profession? 1649 E. Sparke in J. Shute Sarah & Hagar To Rdr. sig. a3 Our grave Author..was..master of those three Grandmother-Languages inscribed on the Cross of Christ, besides some others of their progeny. 1707 R. Franck Admirable & Indefatigable Adventures Nine Pious Pilgrims 38 Death is a Creature God never made, the effect of Lust and the Progeny of Sin. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 96. ⁋8 Falsehood was the progeny of Folly. 1831 M. W. Shelley Frankenstein (rev. ed.) ii. 28 I..set down natural history and all its progeny as a deformed and abortive creation. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. viii. 199 Are not these more rapid vibrations the progeny of the slower? 1929 Amer. Speech 4 334 To the vast and growing progeny of ‘cafeteria’ may be added the name given to ‘Maxwell's Vegetarian Healthateria’. 1965 New Scientist 5 Aug. 326/2 Some commentators make a division between ‘light’ and ‘heavy’ [industrialized building], applying the former term to the progeny of the post-war ‘prefab’ systems. 2003 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 Feb. 31/4 The philosophical toy may have gone into quiet Florida retirement, but its progeny would seem to have taken over the world. Compounds progeny test n. Agriculture an assessment of the genetic value of an animal or plant made by examining its progeny. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > genetic techniques selection1837 runting1893 sex control1898 progeny test1910 insemination1923 progeny-testing1926 transformation1928 translation1955 hybridization1959 transcription1961 reverse transcription1970 1910 Times 18 Oct. 15/5 A laying test..to be followed (as its complement) by what is termed a progeny test. 1918 E. B. Babcock & R. E. Clausen Genetics in Relation to Agric. xv. 293 We find that the progeny test of individual plants was first used by Le Couteur and Shirreff. But it was Louis de Vilmorin who first gave special attention to the value of the progeny test (1856). 1932 Proc. Soc. Animal Production xxiv. 52 The swine Record of Performance test is regarded as a progeny test of the sire and dam rather than as a performance test of the individual pigs which are fattened and slaughtered. 1990 Biogr. Mem. Fellows Royal Soc. 36 470 They suggested that in an AI programme young bulls would each be mated to cows from a number of herds and laid off until their progeny had lactated; and the best bulls could then be selected with high accuracy on their progeny test result. progeny-test v. Agriculture (transitive) to subject (an animal or plant) to a progeny test. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [verb (transitive)] > genetic techniques transform1928 progeny-test1944 test-cross1950 translate1955 transcribe1962 1944 Q. Rev. Biol. 19 289/1 It is to be hoped that any similar specimens in the future will be more thoroughly studied and progeny-tested. 1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 8 Mar. 101/2 A.I. organizations are in a favoured position, because they deal with large numbers, and can progeny-test many bulls. 2000 M. R. Ahuja in S. M. Jain & S. C. Minocha Molec. Biol. Woody Plants I. ii. 33 Alternatively, the flowering shoots from mature trees could be transformed in-planta, and progeny tested for genetic transformants. progeny-tested adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [adjective] > genetic techniques transcriptional1881 transcribable1934 progeny-tested1937 post-transcriptional1969 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > [adjective] > kept for breeding > performance tested progeny-tested1937 performance tested1959 1937 Times 17 May 16/4 So long as a really healthy demand for progeny-tested stock on commercial lines does not exist, pedigree breeders are unlikely..to make experiments. 1974 Country Life 12 Dec. 1853/1 This not only offers the advantage of the progeny-tested sire as compared with the crossing bull..but a shorter and more concentrated calving season for the stockman. progeny-testing n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > genetic techniques selection1837 runting1893 sex control1898 progeny test1910 insemination1923 progeny-testing1926 transformation1928 translation1955 hybridization1959 transcription1961 reverse transcription1970 1926 Hayward Rev. (California) 19 Jan. 1/6 Alex. Stewart..is carrying along ‘progeny testing’ in co-operation with the Extension Division of the University. 1989 Independent 27 Apr. 35/5 By use of artificial insemination..and progeny testing, it would be possible to double improvement over that achievable with natural service. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1330
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