prioressn.

Brit.

/ˈprʌɪərᵻs/,

/prʌɪəˈrɛs/, U.S.

/ˈpraɪ(ə)rəs/

Forms: Middle English prieresse, Middle English priorasse, Middle English priorisse, Middle English priouresse, Middle English priures, Middle English priuresse, Middle English prowres (transmission error), Middle English pryoras, Middle English pryores, Middle English pryorys, Middle English pryoryse, Middle English pryorysse, Middle English pryowresse, Middle English–1500s priores, Middle English–1600s prioresse, 1500s prioras, 1600s– prioress; Scottish pre-1700 priores, pre-1700 prioresse, pre-1700 priorice, pre-1700 prioriws, pre-1700 priorous, pre-1700 priorus, pre-1700 pryores, pre-1700 pryorese, pre-1700 1700s– prioress.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prioresse; Latin priorissa.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman priorasse, priorisse, priouresce, priuresse, Anglo-Norman and Old French prioresse (1240 as priolesse ; Middle French prioresse , prieuresse ; French prieuresse (from 1880, rare)), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin priorissa (frequently from 12th cent. in British and continental sources) < prior prior n.¹ + -issa -ess suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan prioressa (1173), Spanish †prioressa (mid 13th cent.), Portuguese prioresa (13th cent.), Italian †prioressa (13th cent.); also Middle Dutch prioresse (Dutch priores), Middle Low German priorisse (rare), Old Swedish priorissa (Swedish priorisse, rare).In the Romance languages, the equivalents of this word have been largely superseded by French prieure (early 13th cent. in Old French as priore), Spanish priora (1225), Portuguese priora (13th cent.), Italian priora (a1380), etc., all probably deriving from post-classical Latin priora (c1220 in a British source).

A superior nun holding a position subordinate to an abbess, similar to a claustral prior. Also: a superior nun governing her own religious house like a conventual prior. Cf. prior n.¹ 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > prioress > [noun]

dame?c1225

prioressc1300

c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) 161 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 436 (MED) Boþe his sustren..Nounnes he made þere..Þe eldore was sethþe prioresse [c1300 Harl. priorasse] of þe lauedies ech-on.

c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 118 Ther was..a nonne, a prioresse [v.r. prieresse], That of hir smylyng was ful symple and coy.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 7808 Þyr com to hym, for hys godenesse, A nunne, y wene a pryores.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 413 Pryowresse, priorissa.

a1500 tr. Lady Prioress in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems J. Lydgate (1840) 108 (MED) I shalle telle you of a noone..Was pryorys of a plase.

1535 in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 91 The two prioresses wolde not confesse this,..nor none of the nunnes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. iv. 11 When you haue vowd, you must not speake with men, But in the presence of the Prioresse .

c1660 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1872) (modernized text) 1st Ser. vi. 257 Now remained to determine which of our Sisters should be sent thither to begin the new Monastery. Whereupon our Reverend Mother chose out for Superior and Prioress Sister Frances Standford.

1702 W. Sacheverell Acct. Isle of Man 121 The Prioress of Douglass was a Baroness of the Island, and enjoy'd the same Privileges.

1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia II. xlviii. 164 [She] wished only to fill it with pious maidens, and to be made prioress of the order.

1844 G. L. Craik Sketches Hist. Lit. & Learning Eng. II. 84 He first addresses himself to the modest Clerk, and the gentle Lady Prioress, and the Knight.

1895 T. Hardy Jude iv. i. 252 Girls..appeared dancing along the paths which the abbess, prioress, sub-prioress, and fifty nuns had demurely paced three centuries earlier.

1929 Indiana (Pa.) Messenger 14 Mar. 5/3 The first book that was published about fishing in England was written by the prioress of St. Alban's.

1992 M. Bence-Jones Catholic Families iii. 81 Their Prioress, Mother Mary Benedict Stonor.

Derivatives

prioˈress-ship n. (also Prioresship) the period of office of a prioress. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > prioress > [noun] > office of

prioress-shipa1700

priorate1925

a1700 Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1911) 9 341 Yet her profound humility was such y^t neither then nor ever after could she be persweded or induced to accept of the prioresship.

1914 P. Guilday Eng. Catholic Refugees on Continent xi. 380 They were able to continue during the prioress-ship of Mother Margaret Clement in peace and amity.

1938 Sr. Mary Emmanuel Life Sr. Marie de St Pierre iv. 40 Under the Prioresship of Mother Marguerite of the Blessed Sacrament..the church was consecrated.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prioress
释义	prioressn. Brit. /ˈprʌɪərᵻs/, /prʌɪəˈrɛs/, U.S. /ˈpraɪ(ə)rəs/ Forms: Middle English prieresse, Middle English priorasse, Middle English priorisse, Middle English priouresse, Middle English priures, Middle English priuresse, Middle English prowres (transmission error), Middle English pryoras, Middle English pryores, Middle English pryorys, Middle English pryoryse, Middle English pryorysse, Middle English pryowresse, Middle English–1500s priores, Middle English–1600s prioresse, 1500s prioras, 1600s– prioress; Scottish pre-1700 priores, pre-1700 prioresse, pre-1700 priorice, pre-1700 prioriws, pre-1700 priorous, pre-1700 priorus, pre-1700 pryores, pre-1700 pryorese, pre-1700 1700s– prioress. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prioresse; Latin priorissa. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman priorasse, priorisse, priouresce, priuresse, Anglo-Norman and Old French prioresse (1240 as priolesse ; Middle French prioresse , prieuresse ; French prieuresse (from 1880, rare)), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin priorissa (frequently from 12th cent. in British and continental sources) < prior prior n.¹ + -issa -ess suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan prioressa (1173), Spanish †prioressa (mid 13th cent.), Portuguese prioresa (13th cent.), Italian †prioressa (13th cent.); also Middle Dutch prioresse (Dutch priores), Middle Low German priorisse (rare), Old Swedish priorissa (Swedish priorisse, rare).In the Romance languages, the equivalents of this word have been largely superseded by French prieure (early 13th cent. in Old French as priore), Spanish priora (1225), Portuguese priora (13th cent.), Italian priora (a1380), etc., all probably deriving from post-classical Latin priora (c1220 in a British source). A superior nun holding a position subordinate to an abbess, similar to a claustral prior. Also: a superior nun governing her own religious house like a conventual prior. Cf. prior n.¹ 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > prioress > [noun] dame?c1225 prioressc1300 c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) 161 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 436 (MED) Boþe his sustren..Nounnes he made þere..Þe eldore was sethþe prioresse [c1300 Harl. priorasse] of þe lauedies ech-on. c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 118 Ther was..a nonne, a prioresse [v.r. prieresse], That of hir smylyng was ful symple and coy. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 7808 Þyr com to hym, for hys godenesse, A nunne, y wene a pryores. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 413 Pryowresse, priorissa. a1500 tr. Lady Prioress in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems J. Lydgate (1840) 108 (MED) I shalle telle you of a noone..Was pryorys of a plase. 1535 in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 91 The two prioresses wolde not confesse this,..nor none of the nunnes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. iv. 11 When you haue vowd, you must not speake with men, But in the presence of the Prioresse . View more context for this quotation c1660 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1872) (modernized text) 1st Ser. vi. 257 Now remained to determine which of our Sisters should be sent thither to begin the new Monastery. Whereupon our Reverend Mother chose out for Superior and Prioress Sister Frances Standford. 1702 W. Sacheverell Acct. Isle of Man 121 The Prioress of Douglass was a Baroness of the Island, and enjoy'd the same Privileges. 1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia II. xlviii. 164 [She] wished only to fill it with pious maidens, and to be made prioress of the order. 1844 G. L. Craik Sketches Hist. Lit. & Learning Eng. II. 84 He first addresses himself to the modest Clerk, and the gentle Lady Prioress, and the Knight. 1895 T. Hardy Jude iv. i. 252 Girls..appeared dancing along the paths which the abbess, prioress, sub-prioress, and fifty nuns had demurely paced three centuries earlier. 1929 Indiana (Pa.) Messenger 14 Mar. 5/3 The first book that was published about fishing in England was written by the prioress of St. Alban's. 1992 M. Bence-Jones Catholic Families iii. 81 Their Prioress, Mother Mary Benedict Stonor. Derivatives prioˈress-ship n. (also Prioresship) the period of office of a prioress. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > prioress > [noun] > office of prioress-shipa1700 priorate1925 a1700 Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1911) 9 341 Yet her profound humility was such y^t neither then nor ever after could she be persweded or induced to accept of the prioresship. 1914 P. Guilday Eng. Catholic Refugees on Continent xi. 380 They were able to continue during the prioress-ship of Mother Margaret Clement in peace and amity. 1938 Sr. Mary Emmanuel Life Sr. Marie de St Pierre iv. 40 Under the Prioresship of Mother Marguerite of the Blessed Sacrament..the church was consecrated. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300
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