pristineadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈprɪstiːn/, U.S.

/ˈprɪˌstin/,

/prɪˈstin/

Forms: 1500s pristyne, 1500s–1600s pristin, 1500s– pristine.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prīstinus.

Etymology: < classical Latin prīstinus former, previous, ancient, old < pri or prī before (see prior adj.) + -is- , reduced grade of the comparative suffix (see -er suffix³) + -tinus , suffix forming adjectives from adverbs of time (compare crāstinus (see crastin n.), diūtinus lasting for a long time); compare classical Latin prīmus prime adj., prīscus prisk adj. Compare Middle French, French †pristin (1354).Use in sense 2b was frequently criticized in the 20th cent, and O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) at that entry comments: ‘These transferred uses, though now increasingly common, are regarded with disfavour by many educated speakers.’ However, use in this sense continues to be well supported. Compare the following:1996 R. W. Burchfield New Fowler's Mod. Eng. Usage (ed. 3) 624/2 In The Spoken Word (1981) I therefore advised BBC announcers and presenters to restrict pristine to contexts in which the meaning required was ‘ancient, primitive, old and unspoiled’..and to avoid its use when the meaning required was ‘fresh as if new’... Since then, on the evidence before me, it is becoming increasingly difficult to find fault with many of the weakened uses.

1. Of or relating to the earliest period or state; original, former; primitive, ancient. Now merging with sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > primitive or early

earlyOE

formerc1374

primordiala1398

primec1429

primer1448

primitivea1475

pristinate1531

prisk1533

pristine1534

primordiate1599

primigenial1602

primitial1602

primigenie1615

primigenious1620

primigene1623

primogenious1625

primogeniala1631

primevea1640

primogenian1650

pristinary1652

primeval1653

primevous1656

protogeneous1660

primigenous1677

primo-primitive1678

antediluvian1705

priscal1831

archaic1833

primigenian1847

Palaeozoic1863

priscan1870

aboriginary1993

1534 Anne Boleyn in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 46 Restored to his pristine fredome.

1569 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 10 To reduce the saidis partiis to thair pristine amytie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. ii. 26 The disciplines of the Pristine Warres of the Romans.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes ii. 1213 An expedition..for recoverie of their pristine possession.

1696 M. Prior To King after Discov. Conspiracy 75 Hence then, close Ambush and perfidious War, Down to your pristin Seats of Night repair.

1729 S. Switzer Introd. Gen. Syst. Hydrostaticks & Hydraulicks 72 To wonder how Sea-Water shall be thus stripped of its pristine Humour.

1776 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (rev. ed.) IV. 103 You speak and prophecy like a sage of some pristine æra.

1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity I. i. 151 To restore it to its pristine purity.

1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 201 The translators..have happily preserved for us the pristine simplicity of our Saxon-English.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets ii. 53 Empedocles believed in a pristine state of happiness.

1904 R. Fry in Burlington Mag. Mar. 205/1 He did succeed in recovering for a moment that pristine directness and grandeur of expression.

1975 H. Acton Nancy Mitford xii. 178 For all her pseudo-Parisian sophistication and the growth of her fame she retained her pristine naïvety.

1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 June 50/3 Dewey was..a New England Yankee and the standard thing to say about his upbringing is that it bred into him the values of American democracy in their most pristine and aboriginal form.

a. Of something natural: unspoilt by human interference, untouched; pure. (In quot. 1910 as n.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > [adjective]

fairOE

unfiledc1200

purec1300

undefouled13..

unfouledc1380

fresha1393

finec1440

filthless1532

taintless1590

virgin1596

untainted1609

indevirginate?1624

unpolluted1771

germless1869

Diana1870

sterile1877

aseptic1883

pristine1910

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 835/1 This presence of the pure, the pristine, the virginal in the verse, this luminousness, spaciousness, serenity in the land.

1923 W. Stevens Harmonium 59 The responsive man, Planting his pristine cores in Florida, Should prick thereof.

1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iii. i. 180 The furious cold rain..galloped on in tearful and golden laughter across the glittering and pristine earth.

1967 S. Attanasio tr. H. Hohendorf Life & Times of Goethe 44 Christiane was a short, attractive brunette, with a pristine mouth and round cheeks.

1991 Weekend Austral. (Brisbane) 12 Jan. 12/5 An unusual threat to the Amazon has come to light in Bolivia—the dumping of tons of toxic chemicals into the region's once pristine streams and rivers by clandestine cocaine factories.

b. Of a man-made object: spotless, pure in colour; fresh, as good as new; (also) brand new, newly made, unused.

ΚΠ

1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iv. i. 298 This time the Justice raised one hand, in its enormous pristine cuff, toward her.

1952 J. Carter ABC for Book-collectors 59 A cloth-bound, a boarded or a wrappered book may be called immaculate, mint, pristine, [etc.].

1975 Times 11 Aug. 4/5 Gone the cluttered spike, the chatter of teleprinters; his habitat now is the pristine, air-conditioned new building on the Barbican promenade of Lazard Brothers.

1976 Milton Keynes Express 25 June 44/1 (advt.) The quality of the coachwork can only be described as in pristine condition.

1990 B. Hockin Cue Bruce (BNC) 31 I proudly took down the details in my pristine notebook.

Derivatives

ˈpristinely adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > [adverb]

purely1509

pristinelya1856

a1856 Littell's Living Age (1856) 12 July 96/1 Your brother..had been pristinely located and stationed in England.

1899 Westm. Gaz. 16 May 2/3 This indignant Tory thinks that what would be pristinely beautiful as Dollis Hill would be newly ugly as Gladstone Park.

1972 Bookseller 3 June 2456/2 Roughly half the books mentioned are not published within that week. It is only the populars who insist on having something pristinely fresh, published that day.

1991 N.Y. Times Mag. 20 Oct. ii. 58/2 Rosy-cheeked dairy farmers dressed in pristinely white smocks call out praises of their yogurt, buttermilk, cheeses.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pristine
释义	pristineadj.n. Brit. /ˈprɪstiːn/, U.S. /ˈprɪˌstin/, /prɪˈstin/ Forms: 1500s pristyne, 1500s–1600s pristin, 1500s– pristine. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prīstinus. Etymology: < classical Latin prīstinus former, previous, ancient, old < pri or prī before (see prior adj.) + -is- , reduced grade of the comparative suffix (see -er suffix³) + -tinus , suffix forming adjectives from adverbs of time (compare crāstinus (see crastin n.), diūtinus lasting for a long time); compare classical Latin prīmus prime adj., prīscus prisk adj. Compare Middle French, French †pristin (1354).Use in sense 2b was frequently criticized in the 20th cent, and O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) at that entry comments: ‘These transferred uses, though now increasingly common, are regarded with disfavour by many educated speakers.’ However, use in this sense continues to be well supported. Compare the following:1996 R. W. Burchfield New Fowler's Mod. Eng. Usage (ed. 3) 624/2 In The Spoken Word (1981) I therefore advised BBC announcers and presenters to restrict pristine to contexts in which the meaning required was ‘ancient, primitive, old and unspoiled’..and to avoid its use when the meaning required was ‘fresh as if new’... Since then, on the evidence before me, it is becoming increasingly difficult to find fault with many of the weakened uses. 1. Of or relating to the earliest period or state; original, former; primitive, ancient. Now merging with sense 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > primitive or early earlyOE formerc1374 primordiala1398 primec1429 primer1448 primitivea1475 pristinate1531 prisk1533 pristine1534 primordiate1599 primigenial1602 primitial1602 primigenie1615 primigenious1620 primigene1623 primogenious1625 primogeniala1631 primevea1640 primogenian1650 pristinary1652 primeval1653 primevous1656 protogeneous1660 primigenous1677 primo-primitive1678 antediluvian1705 priscal1831 archaic1833 primigenian1847 Palaeozoic1863 priscan1870 aboriginary1993 1534 Anne Boleyn in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 46 Restored to his pristine fredome. 1569 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 10 To reduce the saidis partiis to thair pristine amytie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. ii. 26 The disciplines of the Pristine Warres of the Romans. View more context for this quotation 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes ii. 1213 An expedition..for recoverie of their pristine possession. 1696 M. Prior To King after Discov. Conspiracy 75 Hence then, close Ambush and perfidious War, Down to your pristin Seats of Night repair. 1729 S. Switzer Introd. Gen. Syst. Hydrostaticks & Hydraulicks 72 To wonder how Sea-Water shall be thus stripped of its pristine Humour. 1776 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (rev. ed.) IV. 103 You speak and prophecy like a sage of some pristine æra. 1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity I. i. 151 To restore it to its pristine purity. 1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 201 The translators..have happily preserved for us the pristine simplicity of our Saxon-English. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets ii. 53 Empedocles believed in a pristine state of happiness. 1904 R. Fry in Burlington Mag. Mar. 205/1 He did succeed in recovering for a moment that pristine directness and grandeur of expression. 1975 H. Acton Nancy Mitford xii. 178 For all her pseudo-Parisian sophistication and the growth of her fame she retained her pristine naïvety. 1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 June 50/3 Dewey was..a New England Yankee and the standard thing to say about his upbringing is that it bred into him the values of American democracy in their most pristine and aboriginal form. 2. a. Of something natural: unspoilt by human interference, untouched; pure. (In quot. 1910 as n.) ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > [adjective] fairOE unfiledc1200 purec1300 undefouled13.. unfouledc1380 fresha1393 finec1440 filthless1532 taintless1590 virgin1596 untainted1609 indevirginate?1624 unpolluted1771 germless1869 Diana1870 sterile1877 aseptic1883 pristine1910 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 835/1 This presence of the pure, the pristine, the virginal in the verse, this luminousness, spaciousness, serenity in the land. 1923 W. Stevens Harmonium 59 The responsive man, Planting his pristine cores in Florida, Should prick thereof. 1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iii. i. 180 The furious cold rain..galloped on in tearful and golden laughter across the glittering and pristine earth. 1967 S. Attanasio tr. H. Hohendorf Life & Times of Goethe 44 Christiane was a short, attractive brunette, with a pristine mouth and round cheeks. 1991 Weekend Austral. (Brisbane) 12 Jan. 12/5 An unusual threat to the Amazon has come to light in Bolivia—the dumping of tons of toxic chemicals into the region's once pristine streams and rivers by clandestine cocaine factories. b. Of a man-made object: spotless, pure in colour; fresh, as good as new; (also) brand new, newly made, unused. ΚΠ 1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iv. i. 298 This time the Justice raised one hand, in its enormous pristine cuff, toward her. 1952 J. Carter ABC for Book-collectors 59 A cloth-bound, a boarded or a wrappered book may be called immaculate, mint, pristine, [etc.]. 1975 Times 11 Aug. 4/5 Gone the cluttered spike, the chatter of teleprinters; his habitat now is the pristine, air-conditioned new building on the Barbican promenade of Lazard Brothers. 1976 Milton Keynes Express 25 June 44/1 (advt.) The quality of the coachwork can only be described as in pristine condition. 1990 B. Hockin Cue Bruce (BNC) 31 I proudly took down the details in my pristine notebook. Derivatives ˈpristinely adv. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > [adverb] purely1509 pristinelya1856 a1856 Littell's Living Age (1856) 12 July 96/1 Your brother..had been pristinely located and stationed in England. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 16 May 2/3 This indignant Tory thinks that what would be pristinely beautiful as Dollis Hill would be newly ugly as Gladstone Park. 1972 Bookseller 3 June 2456/2 Roughly half the books mentioned are not published within that week. It is only the populars who insist on having something pristinely fresh, published that day. 1991 N.Y. Times Mag. 20 Oct. ii. 58/2 Rosy-cheeked dairy farmers dressed in pristinely white smocks call out praises of their yogurt, buttermilk, cheeses. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1534
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