portagen.¹

Brit.

/ˈpɔːtɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈpɔrdɪdʒ/ (in sense 5 also)Brit.

/pɔːˈtɑːʒ/, U.S.

/pɔrˈtɑʒ/

Forms: Middle English portuage, Middle English– portage, 1600s portaidg, 1600s portaidge; Scottish pre-1700 poirtage, pre-1700 portadge, pre-1700 portag, pre-1700 portaig, pre-1700 portaige, pre-1700 portayg, pre-1700 portege, pre-1700 porthag, pre-1700 1700s– portage.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French portage.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French portage (French portage ) action of carrying (c1250 in Old French), that which a mariner takes with him on a ship (1345), tonnage (a1411 in Anglo-Norman), charge for transportation (a1412 in Anglo-Norman), duty payable on goods brought into a town (late 14th cent.), action of carrying by land a boat which has been obstructed on the water (1694) < porter port v.² + -age -age suffix. Compare post-classical Latin portagium , portaticum mooring-dues, harbour-dues (from 7th cent.), towngate toll (from 9th cent.), payment for transport (12th cent. in a British source), transport of goods (frequently from early 13th cent. in British sources), capacity of a ship (frequently from 1336 in British sources). In sense 5 reborrowed < French.

1. In full mariner portage, mariner's portage. An amount of space or weight on board a ship allowed to a mariner for his own cargo in lieu of wages, enabling him to make a personal profit through trade; cargo carried under these terms; cf. portledge n. Hence in later use: a mariner's wages. Also figurative. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > bottom or part under water > [noun] > hold > space allowed for mariner's venture

portagec1400

society > trade and finance > [noun] > trading venture or speculation > an act of > specific types

portage1500

portledge1636

land-jobbing1781

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > sailor's pay > types of

address1562

full pay1579

river pay1708

flag-pay1719

port pay1758

allotment1766

portage1809

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > sailor's pay

portage1847

payday1906

c1400 Lawys of Schippis (Bute) c. 10 Ilk yhong man aucht to schaw thair maystyrys qwhat maner of wecht thai sal tak in for thair portage.

1500 in J. Latimer Merchant Venturers of Bristol (1903) 33 The verry value of the Portage that the said maister quart maister or maryner shall hold for his wages in the said ship in the same viage.

1522 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 327 The bying of mariner portages.

1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 18^v Neither doo they carrye anye particular mans goods, sauing the portage of the Marriners and Soldiors.

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xi. 36 Thy losse is more then can Thy portage quit, with all thou canst find heere.

1648 in J. P. Baxter Documentary Hist. Maine (1884) III. 376 For ⅓ part of this Years Portage £20.

1705 A. Justice Gen. Treat. Dominion of Sea 349 The Seamen shall not lade any Goods upon their own Account, under Pretence of Portage, nor otherwise, without paying the Fraight, except it be mentioned in their Agreements.

1809 R. Langford Introd. Trade 134 Portage, sailors wages while in port, also the amount of a sailor's wages for a voyage.

1847 N. H. Nicolas Hist. Royal Navy II. 206 Of masters and mariners who take extravagant wages or portage, contrary to ancient usage.

1947 D. Burwash Eng. Merchant Shipping ii. 45 If a mariner's portage had to be jettisoned he received the proper compensation.

a. The action or work of carrying or transporting goods, letters, etc.; carriage.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > [noun]

carryinga1382

passinga1382

carriage1423

portage1423

traduction1500

transporting1500

conveyancec1520

transportation1540

convoy1554

wafting1559

transportage1562

convey1587

portation1598

transportance1609

transport1611

weftage1615

conducta1618

vecture1625

vectitation1656

transit1753

messagerie1878

conveyal1886

intermodalism1979

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > carriage of goods, etc.

portage1423

carriage1425

portage money1552

porterage1611

port1615

carrying cost1846

traffic1887

1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 153 (MED) Item, to John Smyth, laborer, for portage of tiles, j d.

1463 Rolls of Parl. V. 497/2 Their diligence and labour of gaderyng, portage, and payment of the seid somes.

1487 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 32 Paid..for the portage of the same ropes to the water side..v^s.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1832/2 Vessels..that shoulde be appoynted for the portage and conueying away of the sayde things.

1626 C. Potter tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Quarrels 138 They dispended yearely aboue an hundred crownes in the portage of Letters.

1630 M. Godwin tr. F. Godwin Ann. Eng. i. 160 Two chests..each of them required eight strong men for the portage.

1710 London Gaz. No. 4734/4 The Rates for the Portage of Letters..are as follow.

1746 J. Exton Maritime Dicæologie ii. xx. 275 The first part of it [sc. a statute], which setteth a rate what shall be paid for the freight or portage of Goods and Merchandizes from the Port of London to other places.

1762 W. Stevenson Book-keeping by Double Entry Portage of Goods, what is paid for carrying them from Place to Place.

1820 J. Jekyll Corr. (1894) 91 Cleopatra's Needle is not to come from Egypt to Waterloo Place, as the portage would cost £10,000.

1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker v. 80 As I had scarce a pair of boots worth portage I deserted the whole of my effects without a pang.

1927 W. Cather Death comes for Archbishop iii. iii. 103 Besides the church proper there was the cloister, large, thick-walled, which must have required an enormous labour of portage from the plain.

a1944 K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) v. 38 I put it down and looked about for a vehicle to do my portage.

2000 New Statesman 13 Mar. 6/3 My seven year old, Madeleine, was charged with the all-important task of MS portage.

†b. That which is carried or transported; cargo, freight, baggage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > [noun] > of loads > a load

ladec897

seamc950

lastOE

burdena1000

charge?c1225

load?c1225

burnc1375

draughta1400

summerc1400

portage1445

pauchlea1450

fraughtc1450

freightc1503

loadinga1513

carriage1597

ballast1620

cargo1657

porterage1666

freightage1823

smalls1846

journey1859

send-off1909

payload1914

1445 in F. B. Bickley Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 187 (MED) Euery maistere of Ship..pay att euery viage..of euery ton thatt he receyvyth for hys portage, iiij d. sterlinges.

1454 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 283 Salte, ire, pych..ne no portage that commyth within the fraunches of the saide cite in no shippis.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. ii. 6 Ȝe mycht haue sene the costis and the strandis Fillit with portage and peple thairon standis.

1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) v. xxvii. 120 The Muses bacely begge, or bibbe..their portage beggerly.

1632 Docum. St. Paul's (Camden) 133 That no man..profane the church by the cariage of burthens, or baskets, or any portage whatsoeuer.

1694 in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decisions Court of Session (1826) IV. 204 That portage being only as ballast.

1809 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 201 Our Grocer..informs..that nothing can be more irregular than portages sent per waggon to Penrith thro' the Yorkshire Road.

†c. Weight (in the context of transportation). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [noun] > weight as regards transport

charge?c1225

portage1639

port1660

1639 J. Woodall Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 237 Such medicines as are small of dose, and light of portage.

1661 T. Philipot Hist. Disc. First Invention Navigation 7 These [boats] are..so light of Portage, that one Man may support many.

1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. xvii. 288 Jewels, of high value but light portage.

1779 G. Washington Let. 4 May (1931) XIV. 495 My former orders with respect to disencumbering themselves of all unnecessary baggage or camp furniture; reserving only such as is of light portage, and that cannot be dispensed with during the operations of the campaign.

†3. Nautical. The tonnage of a ship. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > [noun] > attributes of vessel > carrying or cubic capacity

portage1436

burden1555

lastage1571

wastie1600

tonnage1718

grt1911

ton tight-

1436 Rolls of Parl. IV. 501/1 John le Gauter was take to Caleys..in a Shippe of a c Tonne portage.

a1483 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 141 (MED) A Ship called the Trynyte of London, of the portage of xxx ton.

1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 8 §1 All maner of shippes being vnder the portage of .viii.C. tonnes..might at the lowe water easely enter into the same.

1591 Art. conc. Admiralty 21 July §34 Any Ship of the portage and burthen of fifty tunnes and vpwardes.

1632 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1870) V. 243/1 Thair..shippes..of quhatsomeuer portage or burden.

1710 in New-Eng. Historical & Geneal. Reg. (1876) XXX. 200 The Good Ship ——, of the Portage or Burthen of thirty five tuns or thereabouts.

†4. The cost or price of carriage; a freight charge or postal charge. Also: a duty levied on the transport of goods. Obsolete (historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > duty on transport of goods > [noun]

land-leave?c1357

portage1588

carriage1610

portage duty1640

caphara1701

transit duty1753

pass duty1862

1424–5 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1951) I. 194 Vna portag' per estimacionem xl. dol' vini.]

1472–3 Rolls of Parl. VI. 58/2 Almaner of Freghtes, Cariage, Portage, Batelage, and other expenses.

1510–11 in D. Dymond Reg. Thetford Priory (1995) I. 272 For portage ij^d.

1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 61 Customes, dueties, portages and other rents.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. ii. ix. 50 The Commons..were freed of portage, tollage, and tribute.

a1631 J. Donne Let. in T. Matthew Coll. Lett. (1659) 161 Your last hath been the cheapest Letter, that ever I paid Portage for.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xxiv. 150 He knowes well that cunning is no burthen to carry, as paying neither portage by land, nor poundage by sea.

1708 Boston News-let. 4 Oct. 4/2 This is also to give further Notice,..that for the future no person whatsoever do write post paid upon any Letter, till the Portage is first paid.

1763 T. Smollett Trav. (1766) I. 12 He..saved about fifteen shillings portage.

1860 J. White Hist. France (ed. 2) 51 The needy baron was obliged to sign away..his portage and tax on entrance within the walls.

5. Originally and chiefly North American.

a. The action of carrying boats and goods from one navigable waterway to another, or past a waterfall, rapids, or other obstruction; a journey made carrying boats in this way.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > propelling other than by sail or oars > [noun] > by dragging or carrying over land

carriagec1685

portage1698

portaging1836

carry1860

1698 tr. L. Hennepin New Discov. in Amer. xviii. 74 We..brought up our Bark to the great Rock of Niagara,..where we were oblig'd to make our Portage; that is, to carry over~land our Canow's and Provisions, and other Things, above the great Fall of the River, which interrupts the Navigation.

1755 L. Evans Gen. Map Middle Brit. Colonies 16 They are obliged to make one or two very long Portages.

1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xv. 264 Five or six rapids with cataracts, one of which could not be passed at any time without portage.

1879 J. W. Boddam-Whetham Roraima & Brit. Guiana 144 We had to unload the boats and make a portage of about two hundred yards.

1936 E. A. Powell Aerial Odyssey x. 141 River travel is anything but satisfactory, for frequent portages are made necessary by falls and rapids.

1992 Beaver Aug. 27/1 Between this time and the time we made camp for the night at 5:30 we made four portages.

b. A route for carrying boats and goods from one navigable waterway to another, or past a waterfall, rapids, or other obstruction; = carrying place n. at carrying n. Compounds 3. Cf. carry n.¹ 5a.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > propelling other than by sail or oars > [noun] > by dragging or carrying over land > place of

carrying place1689

portage1698

halover1699

carriage placea1710

carriagea1724

carry1838

1698 tr. L. Hennepin New Discov. Amer. xviii. 75 The Portage was two Leagues long.

1756 W. Shirley in New Hampsh. Prov. Papers VI. 462 The portage or carrying place at the fall of the Wood Creek is not above 300 yds.

1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia ii. 25 From the Wabash, Miami, Muskinghum, or Alleghaney are portages into the waters of Lake Erie, of from one to fifteen miles.

1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. i. 3 With the high plain..commenced a portage of as many miles, which conducted the adventurer to the banks of the Hudson.

1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iii. 78 As we were carrying the canoe upon a rocky portage, she fell, and was entirely bilged.

1949 Chicago Tribune 25 Sept. 18/4 Where the portages ended at lakes or rivers were manitous carved in the shape of human heads.

1991 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 11 Oct. 7 b The Park Service would continue to allow snowmobiles on 16 miles of existing portages that connect lakes in the park.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

† portage beer n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. v. xi. 204/2 Concerning the transporting of Beer beyond Sea, which they called Portage Beer.

portage path n.

ΚΠ

1812 J. Melish Trav. in U.S.A. II. 259 Hitherto I had seen nothing but log houses since I left Canton..[I] was advised to go by the portage path.

1895 H. N. Burden Manitoulin xi. 82 For many years a portage path has existed for the convenience of Indians and others navigating the inner channel with their canoes.

1992 Canad. Geographic Mar. 74/2 Its lakes—linked by broad portage paths—are studded with white-painted platforms and floats that hold a variety of nets.

portage station n.

ΚΠ

1860 H. W. Bayfield St. Lawrence Pilot I. 331 (table) Hillsborough River—Portage station.

1898 Times 26 Jan. 7/6 Supplies..had now to be carried..a distance of upwards of 270 miles, portage stations being established at the cataracts.

1995 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 2 Mar. 1 d The town..will convert the industrial zoned lot to a public park with two canoe portage stations.

portage track n.

ΚΠ

1857 J. Palliser Jrnl. 26 June in Jrnls., Rep. & Observ. Explorations Brit. N. Amer. (1863) 30 in Parl. Papers XXXIX. 441 There are here a series of fine falls, up which it was impossible to take the canoe,..as there was no portage track.

1920 T. G. Roberts Love on Smoky River xxi. 286 They followed a portage-track around a roaring fall.

2001 Sunday Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 11 Mar. t01 Theo and our other guide..would point out high portage tracks they'd often used to skirt around treacherous rapids at high water.

portage trail n.

ΚΠ

1856 C. Lanman Adventures Wilds U.S. II. 280 Directly across its centre runs the portage trail leading from the waters of Lake Superior to those of the Upper Mississippi.

1934 Geogr. Jrnl. 84 51 There is..a portage trail for boats to the lake through a..woodland, the brook not being navigable.

1998 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 2 May b3 A large plaque on the portage trail, east of the open area of Brebeuf Park, records the names of explorers who passed this way, ranking them by centuries.

C2.

portage bill n. now historical a register or account of the names and claims for wages, allowances, etc., of the crew of a ship (cf. 1, portledge n.).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > seafaring life > [noun] > furnishing with crew > crew lists

portledge bill1668

portage bill1743

station bill1800

fire bill1804

watch-bill1813

1679 Rec. Court Assistants, Mass. (1901) II. 131 For Refusing to pay..his wages after the Rate of three pounds tenn shillings per moneth as by the Portlidge bill may Appeare.]

1743 in W. B. Weeden Econ. & Soc. Hist. N. Eng. (1890) II. 469 (note) A Portage bill of mens Names and Wages due on board the Snow Jolly Bachelor.

1807 in State Papers U.S. (1817) VI. 31 The following is extracted from the portage bill of the ship Caledonia.

1890 W. B. Weeden Econ. & Social Hist. N. Eng. II. 469 Gridley curiously enough rejected the ‘Portage bill’ of officers' and men's wages, £102 17s. 4d., from Sierra Leone to Newport.

2000 Lloyd's List (Nexis) 5 May 7 Among his tasks was reconciling the portage bill with the master's account.

portage duty n. now historical a duty levied on the transport of goods.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > duty on transport of goods > [noun]

land-leave?c1357

portage1588

carriage1610

portage duty1640

caphara1701

transit duty1753

pass duty1862

1640 Tables Rates & Duties in J. Entick New Hist. London (1766) II. 182 All other goods..shall pay portage duties.

1676 C. Molloy De Jure Maritimo ii. 321 Goods not mentioned in the Table are to pay Portage Duties as other Goods do of like Bulk or condition therein expressed.

1990 Hist. Jrnl. 33 61 The rent paid for the subleases is given only for the portage duty.

portage money n. now historical money charged for carriage.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > carriage of goods, etc.

portage1423

carriage1425

portage money1552

porterage1611

port1615

carrying cost1846

traffic1887

1552 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) II. ii. xii. 345 Whether the receiuers of the kings monies and such like officers had portage-money allowed them.

1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 353 I take the perill vpon mee of the carriage of a great masse of money; I may lawfully take portage money for my paines.

1786 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. I. 424 The allowance for money passing through the hands of the paymaster was raised..to 12l. 10s. for every thousand pounds coming into his hands, for portage money.

1896 Dict. National Biogr. at Robert Robert complained that the immunities of his house were not respected at Southampton, where he was made to pay portage, but in the same year Robert obtained redress from Henry II, and the portage money was refunded.

1965 Eng. Hist. Rev. 80 283 After 1545 treasurers got portage money, though at less than 1d. a £1.

portage strap n. North American a strap placed across the forehead to allow a canoe to be carried on the back, or to assist in the carrying of a backpack; = tump-line n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > by a person > strap around forehead

metumpa1753

portage strap1847

tump-line1860

1847 Narr. Two Voy. Hudson's Bay 69 Each man is provided with a leathern strap..which he has hitherto used in tracking, but now he employs it as a portage strap.

1871 G. L. Huyshe Red River Exped. vii. 106 Indians and experienced voyageurs use a long strap called a ‘portage strap’.

1948 Beaver June 21/2 The simple voyageur Leger lost only a three-point blanket..a portage strap, a pair of French shoes.

1997 Eastern Woods & Waters Summer 37/2 Most pack baskets come equipped with adjustable shoulder straps of leather or web belting and may include a tumpline or ‘portage strap’ to ease transport of a heavy load.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	portage
释义	portagen.¹ Brit. /ˈpɔːtɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpɔrdɪdʒ/ (in sense 5 also)Brit. /pɔːˈtɑːʒ/, U.S. /pɔrˈtɑʒ/ Forms: Middle English portuage, Middle English– portage, 1600s portaidg, 1600s portaidge; Scottish pre-1700 poirtage, pre-1700 portadge, pre-1700 portag, pre-1700 portaig, pre-1700 portaige, pre-1700 portayg, pre-1700 portege, pre-1700 porthag, pre-1700 1700s– portage. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French portage. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French portage (French portage ) action of carrying (c1250 in Old French), that which a mariner takes with him on a ship (1345), tonnage (a1411 in Anglo-Norman), charge for transportation (a1412 in Anglo-Norman), duty payable on goods brought into a town (late 14th cent.), action of carrying by land a boat which has been obstructed on the water (1694) < porter port v.² + -age -age suffix. Compare post-classical Latin portagium , portaticum mooring-dues, harbour-dues (from 7th cent.), towngate toll (from 9th cent.), payment for transport (12th cent. in a British source), transport of goods (frequently from early 13th cent. in British sources), capacity of a ship (frequently from 1336 in British sources). In sense 5 reborrowed < French. 1. In full mariner portage, mariner's portage. An amount of space or weight on board a ship allowed to a mariner for his own cargo in lieu of wages, enabling him to make a personal profit through trade; cargo carried under these terms; cf. portledge n. Hence in later use: a mariner's wages. Also figurative. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > bottom or part under water > [noun] > hold > space allowed for mariner's venture portagec1400 society > trade and finance > [noun] > trading venture or speculation > an act of > specific types portage1500 portledge1636 land-jobbing1781 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > sailor's pay > types of address1562 full pay1579 river pay1708 flag-pay1719 port pay1758 allotment1766 portage1809 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > sailor's pay portage1847 payday1906 c1400 Lawys of Schippis (Bute) c. 10 Ilk yhong man aucht to schaw thair maystyrys qwhat maner of wecht thai sal tak in for thair portage. 1500 in J. Latimer Merchant Venturers of Bristol (1903) 33 The verry value of the Portage that the said maister quart maister or maryner shall hold for his wages in the said ship in the same viage. 1522 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 327 The bying of mariner portages. 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 18^v Neither doo they carrye anye particular mans goods, sauing the portage of the Marriners and Soldiors. 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xi. 36 Thy losse is more then can Thy portage quit, with all thou canst find heere. View more context for this quotation 1648 in J. P. Baxter Documentary Hist. Maine (1884) III. 376 For ⅓ part of this Years Portage £20. 1705 A. Justice Gen. Treat. Dominion of Sea 349 The Seamen shall not lade any Goods upon their own Account, under Pretence of Portage, nor otherwise, without paying the Fraight, except it be mentioned in their Agreements. 1809 R. Langford Introd. Trade 134 Portage, sailors wages while in port, also the amount of a sailor's wages for a voyage. 1847 N. H. Nicolas Hist. Royal Navy II. 206 Of masters and mariners who take extravagant wages or portage, contrary to ancient usage. 1947 D. Burwash Eng. Merchant Shipping ii. 45 If a mariner's portage had to be jettisoned he received the proper compensation. 2. a. The action or work of carrying or transporting goods, letters, etc.; carriage. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > [noun] carryinga1382 passinga1382 carriage1423 portage1423 traduction1500 transporting1500 conveyancec1520 transportation1540 convoy1554 wafting1559 transportage1562 convey1587 portation1598 transportance1609 transport1611 weftage1615 conducta1618 vecture1625 vectitation1656 transit1753 messagerie1878 conveyal1886 intermodalism1979 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > carriage of goods, etc. portage1423 carriage1425 portage money1552 porterage1611 port1615 carrying cost1846 traffic1887 1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 153 (MED) Item, to John Smyth, laborer, for portage of tiles, j d. 1463 Rolls of Parl. V. 497/2 Their diligence and labour of gaderyng, portage, and payment of the seid somes. 1487 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 32 Paid..for the portage of the same ropes to the water side..v^s. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1832/2 Vessels..that shoulde be appoynted for the portage and conueying away of the sayde things. 1626 C. Potter tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Quarrels 138 They dispended yearely aboue an hundred crownes in the portage of Letters. 1630 M. Godwin tr. F. Godwin Ann. Eng. i. 160 Two chests..each of them required eight strong men for the portage. 1710 London Gaz. No. 4734/4 The Rates for the Portage of Letters..are as follow. 1746 J. Exton Maritime Dicæologie ii. xx. 275 The first part of it [sc. a statute], which setteth a rate what shall be paid for the freight or portage of Goods and Merchandizes from the Port of London to other places. 1762 W. Stevenson Book-keeping by Double Entry Portage of Goods, what is paid for carrying them from Place to Place. 1820 J. Jekyll Corr. (1894) 91 Cleopatra's Needle is not to come from Egypt to Waterloo Place, as the portage would cost £10,000. 1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker v. 80 As I had scarce a pair of boots worth portage I deserted the whole of my effects without a pang. 1927 W. Cather Death comes for Archbishop iii. iii. 103 Besides the church proper there was the cloister, large, thick-walled, which must have required an enormous labour of portage from the plain. a1944 K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) v. 38 I put it down and looked about for a vehicle to do my portage. 2000 New Statesman 13 Mar. 6/3 My seven year old, Madeleine, was charged with the all-important task of MS portage. †b. That which is carried or transported; cargo, freight, baggage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > [noun] > of loads > a load ladec897 seamc950 lastOE burdena1000 charge?c1225 load?c1225 burnc1375 draughta1400 summerc1400 portage1445 pauchlea1450 fraughtc1450 freightc1503 loadinga1513 carriage1597 ballast1620 cargo1657 porterage1666 freightage1823 smalls1846 journey1859 send-off1909 payload1914 1445 in F. B. Bickley Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 187 (MED) Euery maistere of Ship..pay att euery viage..of euery ton thatt he receyvyth for hys portage, iiij d. sterlinges. 1454 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 283 Salte, ire, pych..ne no portage that commyth within the fraunches of the saide cite in no shippis. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. ii. 6 Ȝe mycht haue sene the costis and the strandis Fillit with portage and peple thairon standis. 1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) v. xxvii. 120 The Muses bacely begge, or bibbe..their portage beggerly. 1632 Docum. St. Paul's (Camden) 133 That no man..profane the church by the cariage of burthens, or baskets, or any portage whatsoeuer. 1694 in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decisions Court of Session (1826) IV. 204 That portage being only as ballast. 1809 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 201 Our Grocer..informs..that nothing can be more irregular than portages sent per waggon to Penrith thro' the Yorkshire Road. †c. Weight (in the context of transportation). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [noun] > weight as regards transport charge?c1225 portage1639 port1660 1639 J. Woodall Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 237 Such medicines as are small of dose, and light of portage. 1661 T. Philipot Hist. Disc. First Invention Navigation 7 These [boats] are..so light of Portage, that one Man may support many. 1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. xvii. 288 Jewels, of high value but light portage. 1779 G. Washington Let. 4 May (1931) XIV. 495 My former orders with respect to disencumbering themselves of all unnecessary baggage or camp furniture; reserving only such as is of light portage, and that cannot be dispensed with during the operations of the campaign. †3. Nautical. The tonnage of a ship. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > [noun] > attributes of vessel > carrying or cubic capacity portage1436 burden1555 lastage1571 wastie1600 tonnage1718 grt1911 ton tight- 1436 Rolls of Parl. IV. 501/1 John le Gauter was take to Caleys..in a Shippe of a c Tonne portage. a1483 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 141 (MED) A Ship called the Trynyte of London, of the portage of xxx ton. 1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 8 §1 All maner of shippes being vnder the portage of .viii.C. tonnes..might at the lowe water easely enter into the same. 1591 Art. conc. Admiralty 21 July §34 Any Ship of the portage and burthen of fifty tunnes and vpwardes. 1632 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1870) V. 243/1 Thair..shippes..of quhatsomeuer portage or burden. 1710 in New-Eng. Historical & Geneal. Reg. (1876) XXX. 200 The Good Ship ——, of the Portage or Burthen of thirty five tuns or thereabouts. †4. The cost or price of carriage; a freight charge or postal charge. Also: a duty levied on the transport of goods. Obsolete (historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > duty on transport of goods > [noun] land-leave?c1357 portage1588 carriage1610 portage duty1640 caphara1701 transit duty1753 pass duty1862 1424–5 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1951) I. 194 Vna portag' per estimacionem xl. dol' vini.] 1472–3 Rolls of Parl. VI. 58/2 Almaner of Freghtes, Cariage, Portage, Batelage, and other expenses. 1510–11 in D. Dymond Reg. Thetford Priory (1995) I. 272 For portage ij^d. 1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 61 Customes, dueties, portages and other rents. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. ii. ix. 50 The Commons..were freed of portage, tollage, and tribute. a1631 J. Donne Let. in T. Matthew Coll. Lett. (1659) 161 Your last hath been the cheapest Letter, that ever I paid Portage for. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xxiv. 150 He knowes well that cunning is no burthen to carry, as paying neither portage by land, nor poundage by sea. 1708 Boston News-let. 4 Oct. 4/2 This is also to give further Notice,..that for the future no person whatsoever do write post paid upon any Letter, till the Portage is first paid. 1763 T. Smollett Trav. (1766) I. 12 He..saved about fifteen shillings portage. 1860 J. White Hist. France (ed. 2) 51 The needy baron was obliged to sign away..his portage and tax on entrance within the walls. 5. Originally and chiefly North American. a. The action of carrying boats and goods from one navigable waterway to another, or past a waterfall, rapids, or other obstruction; a journey made carrying boats in this way. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling other than by sail or oars > [noun] > by dragging or carrying over land carriagec1685 portage1698 portaging1836 carry1860 1698 tr. L. Hennepin New Discov. in Amer. xviii. 74 We..brought up our Bark to the great Rock of Niagara,..where we were oblig'd to make our Portage; that is, to carry over~land our Canow's and Provisions, and other Things, above the great Fall of the River, which interrupts the Navigation. 1755 L. Evans Gen. Map Middle Brit. Colonies 16 They are obliged to make one or two very long Portages. 1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xv. 264 Five or six rapids with cataracts, one of which could not be passed at any time without portage. 1879 J. W. Boddam-Whetham Roraima & Brit. Guiana 144 We had to unload the boats and make a portage of about two hundred yards. 1936 E. A. Powell Aerial Odyssey x. 141 River travel is anything but satisfactory, for frequent portages are made necessary by falls and rapids. 1992 Beaver Aug. 27/1 Between this time and the time we made camp for the night at 5:30 we made four portages. b. A route for carrying boats and goods from one navigable waterway to another, or past a waterfall, rapids, or other obstruction; = carrying place n. at carrying n. Compounds 3. Cf. carry n.¹ 5a. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling other than by sail or oars > [noun] > by dragging or carrying over land > place of carrying place1689 portage1698 halover1699 carriage placea1710 carriagea1724 carry1838 1698 tr. L. Hennepin New Discov. Amer. xviii. 75 The Portage was two Leagues long. 1756 W. Shirley in New Hampsh. Prov. Papers VI. 462 The portage or carrying place at the fall of the Wood Creek is not above 300 yds. 1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia ii. 25 From the Wabash, Miami, Muskinghum, or Alleghaney are portages into the waters of Lake Erie, of from one to fifteen miles. 1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. i. 3 With the high plain..commenced a portage of as many miles, which conducted the adventurer to the banks of the Hudson. 1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iii. 78 As we were carrying the canoe upon a rocky portage, she fell, and was entirely bilged. 1949 Chicago Tribune 25 Sept. 18/4 Where the portages ended at lakes or rivers were manitous carved in the shape of human heads. 1991 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 11 Oct. 7 b The Park Service would continue to allow snowmobiles on 16 miles of existing portages that connect lakes in the park. Compounds C1. General attributive. † portage beer n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. v. xi. 204/2 Concerning the transporting of Beer beyond Sea, which they called Portage Beer. portage path n. ΚΠ 1812 J. Melish Trav. in U.S.A. II. 259 Hitherto I had seen nothing but log houses since I left Canton..[I] was advised to go by the portage path. 1895 H. N. Burden Manitoulin xi. 82 For many years a portage path has existed for the convenience of Indians and others navigating the inner channel with their canoes. 1992 Canad. Geographic Mar. 74/2 Its lakes—linked by broad portage paths—are studded with white-painted platforms and floats that hold a variety of nets. portage station n. ΚΠ 1860 H. W. Bayfield St. Lawrence Pilot I. 331 (table) Hillsborough River—Portage station. 1898 Times 26 Jan. 7/6 Supplies..had now to be carried..a distance of upwards of 270 miles, portage stations being established at the cataracts. 1995 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 2 Mar. 1 d The town..will convert the industrial zoned lot to a public park with two canoe portage stations. portage track n. ΚΠ 1857 J. Palliser Jrnl. 26 June in Jrnls., Rep. & Observ. Explorations Brit. N. Amer. (1863) 30 in Parl. Papers XXXIX. 441 There are here a series of fine falls, up which it was impossible to take the canoe,..as there was no portage track. 1920 T. G. Roberts Love on Smoky River xxi. 286 They followed a portage-track around a roaring fall. 2001 Sunday Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 11 Mar. t01 Theo and our other guide..would point out high portage tracks they'd often used to skirt around treacherous rapids at high water. portage trail n. ΚΠ 1856 C. Lanman Adventures Wilds U.S. II. 280 Directly across its centre runs the portage trail leading from the waters of Lake Superior to those of the Upper Mississippi. 1934 Geogr. Jrnl. 84 51 There is..a portage trail for boats to the lake through a..woodland, the brook not being navigable. 1998 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 2 May b3 A large plaque on the portage trail, east of the open area of Brebeuf Park, records the names of explorers who passed this way, ranking them by centuries. C2. portage bill n. now historical a register or account of the names and claims for wages, allowances, etc., of the crew of a ship (cf. 1, portledge n.). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > seafaring life > [noun] > furnishing with crew > crew lists portledge bill1668 portage bill1743 station bill1800 fire bill1804 watch-bill1813 1679 Rec. Court Assistants, Mass. (1901) II. 131 For Refusing to pay..his wages after the Rate of three pounds tenn shillings per moneth as by the Portlidge bill may Appeare.] 1743 in W. B. Weeden Econ. & Soc. Hist. N. Eng. (1890) II. 469 (note) A Portage bill of mens Names and Wages due on board the Snow Jolly Bachelor. 1807 in State Papers U.S. (1817) VI. 31 The following is extracted from the portage bill of the ship Caledonia. 1890 W. B. Weeden Econ. & Social Hist. N. Eng. II. 469 Gridley curiously enough rejected the ‘Portage bill’ of officers' and men's wages, £102 17s. 4d., from Sierra Leone to Newport. 2000 Lloyd's List (Nexis) 5 May 7 Among his tasks was reconciling the portage bill with the master's account. portage duty n. now historical a duty levied on the transport of goods. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > duty on transport of goods > [noun] land-leave?c1357 portage1588 carriage1610 portage duty1640 caphara1701 transit duty1753 pass duty1862 1640 Tables Rates & Duties in J. Entick New Hist. London (1766) II. 182 All other goods..shall pay portage duties. 1676 C. Molloy De Jure Maritimo ii. 321 Goods not mentioned in the Table are to pay Portage Duties as other Goods do of like Bulk or condition therein expressed. 1990 Hist. Jrnl. 33 61 The rent paid for the subleases is given only for the portage duty. portage money n. now historical money charged for carriage. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > carriage of goods, etc. portage1423 carriage1425 portage money1552 porterage1611 port1615 carrying cost1846 traffic1887 1552 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) II. ii. xii. 345 Whether the receiuers of the kings monies and such like officers had portage-money allowed them. 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 353 I take the perill vpon mee of the carriage of a great masse of money; I may lawfully take portage money for my paines. 1786 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. I. 424 The allowance for money passing through the hands of the paymaster was raised..to 12l. 10s. for every thousand pounds coming into his hands, for portage money. 1896 Dict. National Biogr. at Robert Robert complained that the immunities of his house were not respected at Southampton, where he was made to pay portage, but in the same year Robert obtained redress from Henry II, and the portage money was refunded. 1965 Eng. Hist. Rev. 80 283 After 1545 treasurers got portage money, though at less than 1d. a £1. portage strap n. North American a strap placed across the forehead to allow a canoe to be carried on the back, or to assist in the carrying of a backpack; = tump-line n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > by a person > strap around forehead metumpa1753 portage strap1847 tump-line1860 1847 Narr. Two Voy. Hudson's Bay 69 Each man is provided with a leathern strap..which he has hitherto used in tracking, but now he employs it as a portage strap. 1871 G. L. Huyshe Red River Exped. vii. 106 Indians and experienced voyageurs use a long strap called a ‘portage strap’. 1948 Beaver June 21/2 The simple voyageur Leger lost only a three-point blanket..a portage strap, a pair of French shoes. 1997 Eastern Woods & Waters Summer 37/2 Most pack baskets come equipped with adjustable shoulder straps of leather or web belting and may include a tumpline or ‘portage strap’ to ease transport of a heavy load. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † portagen.² Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: port n.³, -age suffix. Etymology: < port n.³ + -age suffix. N.E.D. (1907) indicates the stress as ˈportage. Obsolete. rare. Provision of ports or portholes; figurative in quot. a1616. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > other parts of body of vessel > [noun] > opening in side of vessel > provision of portagea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. i. 10 Lend the Eye a terrible aspect: Let it pry through the portage of the Head, Like the Brasse Cannon. View more context for this quotation This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2021). portagev. Brit. /pɔːˈtɑːʒ/, /ˈpɔːtɪdʒ/, U.S. /pɔˈtɑʒ/, /ˈpɔrdɪdʒ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: portage n.¹ Etymology: < portage n.¹ Originally and chiefly North American. transitive. To carry; spec. to carry (a boat, goods, etc.) over land between navigable stretches of water; to carry a boat, goods, etc., past (a waterfall, rapids, etc.). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling other than by sail or oars > propel boat other than by sail or oars [verb (transitive)] > by dragging or carrying over land portage1836 porter1974 1836 F. A. Chardon Jrnl. 4 July (1932) 71 The Bull refused positively to pull up the hill, they had to unload and portage the presents up and hall [sic] the cart themselves. 1864 A. Gordon in F. Galton Vacation Tourists & Trav. 1862–3 508 Some falls where we were compelled to portage the canoes. 1882 G. Bryce Manitoba 24 Portaging around rapids too fierce to be faced. 1900 A. G. Bradley Fight with France for N. Amer. iv. 109 There were numerous rapids too, and shallows to be portaged. 1963 G. D. M. Block Britons on Holiday 14/1 The landsman..can portage his boat by car. 1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 1 Nov. h27 We portaged to Corey Lake about half a mile from camp. 1990 Herald (Melbourne) (Nexis) 4 May 17 Difficult rapids are portaged and throw lines positioned on the more robust rides. 2004 Essex Chron. (Nexis) 28 Oct. 74 The race was on the Grand Union Canal and so there were a lot of locks for canoes to be portaged round. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1400n.²a1616v.1836
随便看	over-heavy over-height over-heighten over-heinous over-helm over-help over-high over-highly over-holiness over-hollow over-homely over-honest over-honestly over-honour over-hopped over-horse outcheated outcheating outcheats outchid outchidden outchide outchided outchides outchiding

portagen.1

Compounds

† portagen.2

portagev.

portagen.¹

† portagen.²