† polluteadj.

Forms: Middle English pollut, Middle English poluht (transmission error), Middle English polut, Middle English polute, Middle English–1600s (1800s poetic) pollute; Scottish pre-1700 pollut, pre-1700 pollute, pre-1700 polute.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pollūtus.

Etymology: < classical Latin pollūtus corrupt, depraved, use as adjective of past participle of polluere pollute v. Compare Anglo-Norman and Middle French polute , Middle French pollute , poluste (only as feminine; 1382 as pollute ), Middle French, †French pollu (c1200 in Old French), Spanish poluto (a1300 or earlier as polluto ), Portuguese poluto (15th cent. as polutu ), Italian polluto (a1342). Compare pollute v., pollution n., and slightly later polluted adj. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pǫ̆lⁱū·t) /pəˈl(j)uːt/.

Obsolete (poetic in later use).

Polluted, corrupted; impure.Originally as past participle of pollute v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [adjective]

mixedc1300

pollutea1382

infectc1384

unpurea1398

fouledc1400

drossyc1420

polluteda1425

defouledc1440

dreggyc1440

feculent1471

filed1483

violate?c1500

feding1502

fly-blown1528

cankered1530

defiled1530

contagious1547

dregful1552

contaminatea1555

menstruous1560

dreggish1561

conspurcate1563

empoisoned1581

inquinated?1593

pollutionate1593

fly-bitten1598

impure1598

druggy1599

contaminated1609

transboundary1918

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings xxi. 5 Þis weie is pollut [a1425 L.V. defoulyd; L. polluta], but & it to dai schal ben halewed in þe vesselis.

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 181 (MED) Tyme in his owne kynde may neþer be holy ne pollut.

a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxxii. sig. l.vi Lest the..wiked myscreauntes With pollute handes..Shulde touche her body.

a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) v. 1663 A woman þan of pollute fayme, Þat callit Melancia was be nayme.

1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn ii, in Poems 3 And on her naked shame, Pollute with sinfull blame, The Saintly Vail of Maiden white to throw.

1830 W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iii. 327 With moral leprosy pollute of heart, And dead to righteousness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

pollutev.

Brit.

/pəˈl(j)uːt/, U.S.

/pəˈlut/

Forms: Middle English pelute (transmission error), Middle English polewt, Middle English pollut, Middle English–1500s polute, Middle English– pollute, 1500s–1600s pullute; Scottish pre-1700 polute, pre-1700 1700s– pollute. Also past tense and past participle Middle English pollut, Middle English pollute, Middle English pollutt, Middle English polut, Middle English polute; Scottish pre-1700 polluat, pre-1700 pollute, pre-1700 polutted.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pollūt-, polluere.

Etymology: < classical Latin pollūt-, past participial stem of polluere to make ceremonially impure, to violate, degrade, to make foul or dirty, to soil, stain < por- forward ( < an ablaut variant of the Indo-European base of pro- pro- prefix¹) + luere to make dirty < the same base as lutum mud (see lutum n.). Compare Middle French, French polluer (1461; compare earlier polluir (a1403), pollué , adjective (1367)), Old Occitan polluir (15th cent.; Occitan polluir ), Spanish †polluir , †poluir (a1428 as polluir ; rare; compare also polludar (a1432 in apparently isolated use)), Portuguese poluir (1589 as polluir ), Italian polluire (a1328; chiefly as past participle polluto ). Compare pollute adj. and pollution n.

1. transitive. To make morally impure; to violate the purity or sanctity of; to profane or desecrate; †to render ceremonially unclean (obsolete). Now also: to corrupt, sully.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > [verb (transitive)] > make ceremonially unclean

pollutea1382

defoulc1449

defile1535

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pollute or defile

afileeOE

awemOE

filec1175

wemc1175

soila1250

foulc1330

defoula1340

bleckc1380

blemishc1380

pollutea1382

tache1390

sulpa1400

vilec1400

spota1413

stain1446

defilec1450

violate1490

tan1530

smear1549

beray1576

moil1596

discolour1598

smut1601

bespurtle1604

sullya1616

commaculatec1616

decolour?c1622

collutulate1623

deturpate1623

berust1631

smutch1640

discolorate1651

smoot1683

tarnish1695

tar1817

dirten1987

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xx. 25 Ȝif..þou rerist þi cullter apon it [sc. the altar], it schall be polutid [a1425 L.V. polluted ether defoulid].

?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. pr. iv. 278 That I hadde pollut and defouled my conscience.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 36 (MED) Þei polewt þe hous, for þei leede mani in to synne.

1544 J. Bale Sel. Wks. (1849) 8 Polydorus Vergilius..polluting our English Chronicles most shamefully with his Romish lies and other Italish beggarys.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 42 I may not, I dare not pollute Gods heaunlye, with handling.

1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. iii. iii. 92 Grosse abominations..the very relation of which is sufficient to pollute the eares that heare them, the common aire that receives them.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 104 Hide thy self in the shadow of thy shame, and pollute not noble society.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xv. 153 Ungrateful wretch, begone, and no longer pollute my dwelling with thy baseness.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xl. 75 Churches and altars were polluted by atrocious murders.

1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. viii. 526 The clergy..urging him to exterminate the heretics, whose presence they thought polluted France.

1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. xi. 126 O, if she..could only stand again..and dare Troy or any other man to pollute a hair of her head by his interference!

1919 E. Wharton French Ways vii. i. 122 The Puritan reflex causes the reader to fling aside the page polluted by this statement.

1992 Metro (San Jose, Calif.) 7 May 9/5 A society polluted by racism.

2. transitive. To make physically impure, foul, or filthy; to dirty, stain, or taint. Now esp.: to contaminate (the air, water, land, etc.) with noxious or poisonous substances; to introduce excessive levels of light, noise, organic waste, etc., into (the environment). Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > pollute or defile [verb (transitive)]

afileeOE

besmiteeOE

shenda950

befilec1000

bisulienc1200

defoulc1320

file1340

foilc1380

smota1387

lime1390

solwea1400

surda1400

infectc1425

filtha1450

poison?a1513

defile1530

polluve1533

inquinate1542

pollute1548

contaminate1563

bumfiddlec1595

impure1598

conspurcate1600

defoil1601

sullya1616

vilify1615

deturpate1623

impiate1623

defedate1628

dreg1628

contemerate1650

spot1741

empoison1775

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > pollute the environment [verb (transitive)]

poisona1470

pollute1966

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxiij Thei..with their proper bloud, embrued and polluted their awne handes.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. ii. 115 No drop of the bloud should fall into the water, least the same shuld therby be polluted.

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. xxxv. 64 Ciceros divine and painfull labours..were polluted by flies and moths in every Book binders shop.

1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 972 The wings are long and blackish, and polluted with little black spots.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 251 Then Nereus strikes the deep, the Billows rise, And, mix'd with Ooze and Sand, pollute the Skies.

1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xix. 30 Shall Flies and Worms obscene, pollute the Dead?

1773 Gentleman's Mag. 43 598 The Thames, polluted with the filthy effusions of the cloacæ.

1859 F. Nightingale Notes on Nursing ii. 15 A large part of London was in the daily habit of using water polluted by the drainage of its sewers and water-closets.

1897 Japan Times 10 Apr. 3/4 How many ri of the inundated tracts of land along the rivers could possibly be polluted by the poisonous matter from the mine?

1931 E. Ferber Amer. Beauty xv. 287 He was working in the coning room, the best-paid department of the great rambling structure whose acids and offal had for years polluted the river.

1966 Petroleum Handbk. (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) (ed. 5) 144/1 The absence of sulphur ensures that the products of combustion are non-corrosive..and do not pollute the atmosphere.

1973 New Earth Catal. 59/3 Plant—don't pollute.

1994 W. Maples & M. Browning Dead Men do tell Tales xv. 265 Bacteria swarm in the remains, flies move in and pollute the body with their DNA.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pollute
释义	† polluteadj. Forms: Middle English pollut, Middle English poluht (transmission error), Middle English polut, Middle English polute, Middle English–1600s (1800s poetic) pollute; Scottish pre-1700 pollut, pre-1700 pollute, pre-1700 polute. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pollūtus. Etymology: < classical Latin pollūtus corrupt, depraved, use as adjective of past participle of polluere pollute v. Compare Anglo-Norman and Middle French polute , Middle French pollute , poluste (only as feminine; 1382 as pollute ), Middle French, †French pollu (c1200 in Old French), Spanish poluto (a1300 or earlier as polluto ), Portuguese poluto (15th cent. as polutu ), Italian polluto (a1342). Compare pollute v., pollution n., and slightly later polluted adj. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pǫ̆lⁱū·t) /pəˈl(j)uːt/. Obsolete (poetic in later use). Polluted, corrupted; impure.Originally as past participle of pollute v. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [adjective] mixedc1300 pollutea1382 infectc1384 unpurea1398 fouledc1400 drossyc1420 polluteda1425 defouledc1440 dreggyc1440 feculent1471 filed1483 violate?c1500 feding1502 fly-blown1528 cankered1530 defiled1530 contagious1547 dregful1552 contaminatea1555 menstruous1560 dreggish1561 conspurcate1563 empoisoned1581 inquinated?1593 pollutionate1593 fly-bitten1598 impure1598 druggy1599 contaminated1609 transboundary1918 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings xxi. 5 Þis weie is pollut [a1425 L.V. defoulyd; L. polluta], but & it to dai schal ben halewed in þe vesselis. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 181 (MED) Tyme in his owne kynde may neþer be holy ne pollut. a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxxii. sig. l.vi Lest the..wiked myscreauntes With pollute handes..Shulde touche her body. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) v. 1663 A woman þan of pollute fayme, Þat callit Melancia was be nayme. 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn ii, in Poems 3 And on her naked shame, Pollute with sinfull blame, The Saintly Vail of Maiden white to throw. 1830 W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iii. 327 With moral leprosy pollute of heart, And dead to righteousness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021). pollutev. Brit. /pəˈl(j)uːt/, U.S. /pəˈlut/ Forms: Middle English pelute (transmission error), Middle English polewt, Middle English pollut, Middle English–1500s polute, Middle English– pollute, 1500s–1600s pullute; Scottish pre-1700 polute, pre-1700 1700s– pollute. Also past tense and past participle Middle English pollut, Middle English pollute, Middle English pollutt, Middle English polut, Middle English polute; Scottish pre-1700 polluat, pre-1700 pollute, pre-1700 polutted. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pollūt-, polluere. Etymology: < classical Latin pollūt-, past participial stem of polluere to make ceremonially impure, to violate, degrade, to make foul or dirty, to soil, stain < por- forward ( < an ablaut variant of the Indo-European base of pro- pro- prefix¹) + luere to make dirty < the same base as lutum mud (see lutum n.). Compare Middle French, French polluer (1461; compare earlier polluir (a1403), pollué , adjective (1367)), Old Occitan polluir (15th cent.; Occitan polluir ), Spanish †polluir , †poluir (a1428 as polluir ; rare; compare also polludar (a1432 in apparently isolated use)), Portuguese poluir (1589 as polluir ), Italian polluire (a1328; chiefly as past participle polluto ). Compare pollute adj. and pollution n. 1. transitive. To make morally impure; to violate the purity or sanctity of; to profane or desecrate; †to render ceremonially unclean (obsolete). Now also: to corrupt, sully. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > [verb (transitive)] > make ceremonially unclean pollutea1382 defoulc1449 defile1535 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pollute or defile afileeOE awemOE filec1175 wemc1175 soila1250 foulc1330 defoula1340 bleckc1380 blemishc1380 pollutea1382 tache1390 sulpa1400 vilec1400 spota1413 stain1446 defilec1450 violate1490 tan1530 smear1549 beray1576 moil1596 discolour1598 smut1601 bespurtle1604 sullya1616 commaculatec1616 decolour?c1622 collutulate1623 deturpate1623 berust1631 smutch1640 discolorate1651 smoot1683 tarnish1695 tar1817 dirten1987 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xx. 25 Ȝif..þou rerist þi cullter apon it [sc. the altar], it schall be polutid [a1425 L.V. polluted ether defoulid]. ?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. pr. iv. 278 That I hadde pollut and defouled my conscience. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 36 (MED) Þei polewt þe hous, for þei leede mani in to synne. 1544 J. Bale Sel. Wks. (1849) 8 Polydorus Vergilius..polluting our English Chronicles most shamefully with his Romish lies and other Italish beggarys. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 42 I may not, I dare not pollute Gods heaunlye, with handling. 1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. iii. iii. 92 Grosse abominations..the very relation of which is sufficient to pollute the eares that heare them, the common aire that receives them. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 104 Hide thy self in the shadow of thy shame, and pollute not noble society. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xv. 153 Ungrateful wretch, begone, and no longer pollute my dwelling with thy baseness. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xl. 75 Churches and altars were polluted by atrocious murders. 1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. viii. 526 The clergy..urging him to exterminate the heretics, whose presence they thought polluted France. 1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. xi. 126 O, if she..could only stand again..and dare Troy or any other man to pollute a hair of her head by his interference! 1919 E. Wharton French Ways vii. i. 122 The Puritan reflex causes the reader to fling aside the page polluted by this statement. 1992 Metro (San Jose, Calif.) 7 May 9/5 A society polluted by racism. 2. transitive. To make physically impure, foul, or filthy; to dirty, stain, or taint. Now esp.: to contaminate (the air, water, land, etc.) with noxious or poisonous substances; to introduce excessive levels of light, noise, organic waste, etc., into (the environment). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > pollute or defile [verb (transitive)] afileeOE besmiteeOE shenda950 befilec1000 bisulienc1200 defoulc1320 file1340 foilc1380 smota1387 lime1390 solwea1400 surda1400 infectc1425 filtha1450 poison?a1513 defile1530 polluve1533 inquinate1542 pollute1548 contaminate1563 bumfiddlec1595 impure1598 conspurcate1600 defoil1601 sullya1616 vilify1615 deturpate1623 impiate1623 defedate1628 dreg1628 contemerate1650 spot1741 empoison1775 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > pollute the environment [verb (transitive)] poisona1470 pollute1966 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxiij Thei..with their proper bloud, embrued and polluted their awne handes. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. ii. 115 No drop of the bloud should fall into the water, least the same shuld therby be polluted. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. xxxv. 64 Ciceros divine and painfull labours..were polluted by flies and moths in every Book binders shop. 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 972 The wings are long and blackish, and polluted with little black spots. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 251 Then Nereus strikes the deep, the Billows rise, And, mix'd with Ooze and Sand, pollute the Skies. 1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xix. 30 Shall Flies and Worms obscene, pollute the Dead? 1773 Gentleman's Mag. 43 598 The Thames, polluted with the filthy effusions of the cloacæ. 1859 F. Nightingale Notes on Nursing ii. 15 A large part of London was in the daily habit of using water polluted by the drainage of its sewers and water-closets. 1897 Japan Times 10 Apr. 3/4 How many ri of the inundated tracts of land along the rivers could possibly be polluted by the poisonous matter from the mine? 1931 E. Ferber Amer. Beauty xv. 287 He was working in the coning room, the best-paid department of the great rambling structure whose acids and offal had for years polluted the river. 1966 Petroleum Handbk. (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) (ed. 5) 144/1 The absence of sulphur ensures that the products of combustion are non-corrosive..and do not pollute the atmosphere. 1973 New Earth Catal. 59/3 Plant—don't pollute. 1994 W. Maples & M. Browning Dead Men do tell Tales xv. 265 Bacteria swarm in the remains, flies move in and pollute the body with their DNA. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1382v.a1382
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