† beloukv.

Forms: see be- prefix and louk v.¹; also Old English belocan (past participle, rare), Old English belocun (past participle, rare), Old English belocyn (past participle, rare), Old English belucc (imperative, rare), early Middle English biloc (past tense).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian bilūka , Old Dutch bilūkan (Middle Dutch belūken , Dutch beluiken , now chiefly in set expressions), Old Saxon bilūkan (Middle Low German belūken ), Old High German bilūhhan (Middle High German belūchen ) < the Germanic base of be- prefix + the Germanic base of louk v.¹ Compare unlouk v. Compare later belock v.In Old English a strong verb of Class II (like unprefixed louk v.¹) and also usually with strongly inflections in Middle English. Occasional weak past tense forms (compare quot. a1400 at sense 2) are also paralleled at louk v.¹ Early Middle English past tense biloc seems to show analogy with the stem form of the past participle.

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To shut, fasten, or lock (a door, gate, room, etc.). Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)]

beloukeOE

tinea900

bitunc1000

forshutc1000

sparc1175

louka1225

bisteke?c1225

spear?c1225

closec1275

knita1398

fastena1400

upclosec1440

to shut up1526

reclude1550

upspeara1563

lucken1568

to make up1582

hatcha1586

belocka1616

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xlv. 337 Forðæm hie cueðað ðas word ðe hie belucað [L. claudunt] hiera modes earan ongean ða godcundan lare.

OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) iii. 81 Elias hine gebæd þæt hit ne rinde ofer eorðan, & he mid his gebedum þone heofon beleac [c1175 Bodl. 343 bileac] þreo gear.

OE Blickling Homilies 9 [God] geara abolgen wæs for manna synnum, þæt he þone halgan ham beleac.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxv. 10 Þa ðe gearwe wærun eodun in mid him to þam gyftum, & seo duru wæs belocyn[c1200 Hatton beloken].

lOE Homily: Evangelium de Virginibus (Corpus Cambr. 303) in H. L. C. Tristram Vier Altenglische Predigten aus der Heterodoxen Trad. (Ph.D. diss., Freiburg) (1970) 444 Ðonne wurþeð heofonerices gate belocen ætforan þan synfullan.

b. transitive. To lock (a person) in a room, building, etc.; (also) to lock or shut out. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out > specific persons

beloukOE

belockc1330

excludec1440

to shut (some one) out of doors, out of the gates1508

excluse1513

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)]

beloukOE

loukOE

sparc1175

pena1200

bepen?c1225

pind?c1225

prison?c1225

spearc1300

stopc1315

restraina1325

aclosec1350

forbara1375

reclosea1382

ward1390

enclose1393

locka1400

reclusea1400

pinc1400

sparc1430

hamperc1440

umbecastc1440

murea1450

penda1450

mew?c1450

to shut inc1460

encharter1484

to shut up1490

bara1500

hedge1549

hema1552

impound1562

strain1566

chamber1568

to lock up1568

coop1570

incarcerate1575

cage1577

mew1581

kennel1582

coop1583

encagea1586

pound1589

imprisonc1595

encloister1596

button1598

immure1598

seclude1598

uplock1600

stow1602

confine1603

jail1604

hearse1608

bail1609

hasp1620

cub1621

secure1621

incarcera1653

fasten1658

to keep up1673

nun1753

mope1765

quarantine1804

peg1824

penfold1851

encoop1867

oubliette1884

jigger1887

corral1890

maroon1904

to bang up1950

to lock down1971

OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 118 Ad expellendas et excludendas omnes demonum temptationes : to fordrifanne & to bilucanne alle dioula costungo.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) x. 259 Nu synt we ute belocene fram ðam heofonlican leohte.

OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Corpus Cambr. 41) 25 Dec. (2013) 34 Diocletianus se hæþena casere hi sealde his gereuas [read gereuan]... Þa het se gerefa hi belucan in carcerne.

a1250 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Maidstone) (1955) 123 He þat is uten biloken he is inne for-ȝeten.

c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 1081 He hire bileck [a1300 Jesus Oxf. bilek] in one bure.

a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 2216 (MED) His disciples..were alle by-loke.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 2257 How may ȝe suffre þe grete harmys kene..Durynge þe sege, in þis toun be-loke.

a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 2871 I wolde þou were in þe erthe beloke And anoþyr hadde þyne erytage.

2. transitive. To enclose, hem in, surround.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)]

beloukOE

pind?c1225

closec1275

beshuta1300

to shut about13..

umbclosec1330

to close about1340

aclosec1350

in close1393

enclose?a1400

tinec1400

concludea1425

includec1425

wallc1430

underclosec1440

inclusea1450

hedgec1500

lista1513

inrail1523

interclude1524

fence1535

parclose1535

riba1547

pale1570

impale1579

embay1582

immure1583

upclosec1590

enchase1591

interclose1592

recinct1598

underfong1599

intermure1606

bound1609

engirt1627

bosom1637

infence1652

cancellate1664

circumclude1677

embosomc1750

comprehend1807

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xiii. 284 God wæs mid hyre, for ðan þe he wæs on hyre innoðe belocen, se ðe belicð ealne middaneard on his anre handa.

OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) (2009) i. 76 Seo heofen belicð on hire bosme ealne middaneard.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 12126 Þatt æst. & wesst. & suþ. & norrþ. Þiss middell ærd bilukenn.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2684 He hadden don egipte wrong, He bi-loc hem..And slug ðor manige.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 6338 And strong cite biloken wiþ walle.

a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxx. 10 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 161 Ne þou me belouked in hend ofe fa.

a1500 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Rawl.) (1896) 51 (MED) The ouerhand was in al places our..Now ben we So belokken, that none helpe vs ne may come.

3. transitive. To encapsulate or express (an idea, message, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > present by literary treatment

beloukOE

induce1484

handle1531

introduce1559

manage1697

write1781

plant1948

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) vi. 224 Se godspellere Lucas beleac þis dægþerlice gospel mid feawum wordum.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11495 Cristess lare..bilokenn iss I tene bode wordess.

a1300 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Jesus Oxf.) (1955) 119 Ne haue þu to vale worde. Mid fewe worde. wismon fele biluken wel con.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 99 He beloukþ ine ssorte wordes al þet we may wylny of herte.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	belouk
释义	† beloukv. Forms: see be- prefix and louk v.¹; also Old English belocan (past participle, rare), Old English belocun (past participle, rare), Old English belocyn (past participle, rare), Old English belucc (imperative, rare), early Middle English biloc (past tense). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian bilūka , Old Dutch bilūkan (Middle Dutch belūken , Dutch beluiken , now chiefly in set expressions), Old Saxon bilūkan (Middle Low German belūken ), Old High German bilūhhan (Middle High German belūchen ) < the Germanic base of be- prefix + the Germanic base of louk v.¹ Compare unlouk v. Compare later belock v.In Old English a strong verb of Class II (like unprefixed louk v.¹) and also usually with strongly inflections in Middle English. Occasional weak past tense forms (compare quot. a1400 at sense 2) are also paralleled at louk v.¹ Early Middle English past tense biloc seems to show analogy with the stem form of the past participle. Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To shut, fasten, or lock (a door, gate, room, etc.). Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] beloukeOE tinea900 bitunc1000 forshutc1000 sparc1175 louka1225 bisteke?c1225 spear?c1225 closec1275 knita1398 fastena1400 upclosec1440 to shut up1526 reclude1550 upspeara1563 lucken1568 to make up1582 hatcha1586 belocka1616 eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xlv. 337 Forðæm hie cueðað ðas word ðe hie belucað [L. claudunt] hiera modes earan ongean ða godcundan lare. OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) iii. 81 Elias hine gebæd þæt hit ne rinde ofer eorðan, & he mid his gebedum þone heofon beleac [c1175 Bodl. 343 bileac] þreo gear. OE Blickling Homilies 9 [God] geara abolgen wæs for manna synnum, þæt he þone halgan ham beleac. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxv. 10 Þa ðe gearwe wærun eodun in mid him to þam gyftum, & seo duru wæs belocyn[c1200 Hatton beloken]. lOE Homily: Evangelium de Virginibus (Corpus Cambr. 303) in H. L. C. Tristram Vier Altenglische Predigten aus der Heterodoxen Trad. (Ph.D. diss., Freiburg) (1970) 444 Ðonne wurþeð heofonerices gate belocen ætforan þan synfullan. b. transitive. To lock (a person) in a room, building, etc.; (also) to lock or shut out. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out > specific persons beloukOE belockc1330 excludec1440 to shut (some one) out of doors, out of the gates1508 excluse1513 society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] beloukOE loukOE sparc1175 pena1200 bepen?c1225 pind?c1225 prison?c1225 spearc1300 stopc1315 restraina1325 aclosec1350 forbara1375 reclosea1382 ward1390 enclose1393 locka1400 reclusea1400 pinc1400 sparc1430 hamperc1440 umbecastc1440 murea1450 penda1450 mew?c1450 to shut inc1460 encharter1484 to shut up1490 bara1500 hedge1549 hema1552 impound1562 strain1566 chamber1568 to lock up1568 coop1570 incarcerate1575 cage1577 mew1581 kennel1582 coop1583 encagea1586 pound1589 imprisonc1595 encloister1596 button1598 immure1598 seclude1598 uplock1600 stow1602 confine1603 jail1604 hearse1608 bail1609 hasp1620 cub1621 secure1621 incarcera1653 fasten1658 to keep up1673 nun1753 mope1765 quarantine1804 peg1824 penfold1851 encoop1867 oubliette1884 jigger1887 corral1890 maroon1904 to bang up1950 to lock down1971 OE (Northumbrian) Liturgical Texts (Durham Ritual) in A. H. Thompson & U. Lindelöf Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis (1927) 118 Ad expellendas et excludendas omnes demonum temptationes : to fordrifanne & to bilucanne alle dioula costungo. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) x. 259 Nu synt we ute belocene fram ðam heofonlican leohte. OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Corpus Cambr. 41) 25 Dec. (2013) 34 Diocletianus se hæþena casere hi sealde his gereuas [read gereuan]... Þa het se gerefa hi belucan in carcerne. a1250 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Maidstone) (1955) 123 He þat is uten biloken he is inne for-ȝeten. c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 1081 He hire bileck [a1300 Jesus Oxf. bilek] in one bure. a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 2216 (MED) His disciples..were alle by-loke. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 2257 How may ȝe suffre þe grete harmys kene..Durynge þe sege, in þis toun be-loke. a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 2871 I wolde þou were in þe erthe beloke And anoþyr hadde þyne erytage. 2. transitive. To enclose, hem in, surround. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] beloukOE pind?c1225 closec1275 beshuta1300 to shut about13.. umbclosec1330 to close about1340 aclosec1350 in close1393 enclose?a1400 tinec1400 concludea1425 includec1425 wallc1430 underclosec1440 inclusea1450 hedgec1500 lista1513 inrail1523 interclude1524 fence1535 parclose1535 riba1547 pale1570 impale1579 embay1582 immure1583 upclosec1590 enchase1591 interclose1592 recinct1598 underfong1599 intermure1606 bound1609 engirt1627 bosom1637 infence1652 cancellate1664 circumclude1677 embosomc1750 comprehend1807 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xiii. 284 God wæs mid hyre, for ðan þe he wæs on hyre innoðe belocen, se ðe belicð ealne middaneard on his anre handa. OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) (2009) i. 76 Seo heofen belicð on hire bosme ealne middaneard. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 12126 Þatt æst. & wesst. & suþ. & norrþ. Þiss middell ærd bilukenn. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2684 He hadden don egipte wrong, He bi-loc hem..And slug ðor manige. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 6338 And strong cite biloken wiþ walle. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxx. 10 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 161 Ne þou me belouked in hend ofe fa. a1500 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Rawl.) (1896) 51 (MED) The ouerhand was in al places our..Now ben we So belokken, that none helpe vs ne may come. 3. transitive. To encapsulate or express (an idea, message, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > present by literary treatment beloukOE induce1484 handle1531 introduce1559 manage1697 write1781 plant1948 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) vi. 224 Se godspellere Lucas beleac þis dægþerlice gospel mid feawum wordum. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11495 Cristess lare..bilokenn iss I tene bode wordess. a1300 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Jesus Oxf.) (1955) 119 Ne haue þu to vale worde. Mid fewe worde. wismon fele biluken wel con. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 99 He beloukþ ine ssorte wordes al þet we may wylny of herte. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.eOE
随便看	dua duable duad duadic duads dual dual carriageway dual control dual ignition dual key dual number dual personality dual-band dual-controlled dual-purpose dual-standard dualband dualcontrolled dualer dualest dualin dualin-dynamite dualindynamite dualing dualise