† penousadj.

Forms: 1600s paenous, 1600s penous.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin poenosus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin poenosus painful (13th cent. in pseudo-Augustine), of or relating to punishment (from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin poena penalty, punishment (see poena n.) + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare French peineux , Italian penoso , Spanish penoso , Occitan penós (see painous adj.).

Obsolete. rare.

Painful; of the nature of or relating to punishment.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > [adjective]

punishinga1500

penitive1502

punitivea1513

penal1561

penous1627

penary1651

vindictive1656

chastising1691

punitory1710

punitional1824

1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. 173 Ourselues must..procure discharge from temporall punishments by our owne voluntary passions, and penous good workes.

1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. 291 Ἐπιτιμία or ἐπιτίμησις; a pænous kinde of warning ioyned with reprehension.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	penous
释义	† penousadj. Forms: 1600s paenous, 1600s penous. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin poenosus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin poenosus painful (13th cent. in pseudo-Augustine), of or relating to punishment (from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin poena penalty, punishment (see poena n.) + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare French peineux , Italian penoso , Spanish penoso , Occitan penós (see painous adj.). Obsolete. rare. Painful; of the nature of or relating to punishment. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > [adjective] punishinga1500 penitive1502 punitivea1513 penal1561 penous1627 penary1651 vindictive1656 chastising1691 punitory1710 punitional1824 1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. 173 Ourselues must..procure discharge from temporall punishments by our owne voluntary passions, and penous good workes. 1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. 291 Ἐπιτιμία or ἐπιτίμησις; a pænous kinde of warning ioyned with reprehension. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.1627
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