pentosen.

1890 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 58 i. 598 The author proposes to employ the terms pentose, heptose, octose, &c., for the sugars..and heptonic acid, octonic acid, &c., for the acids of the series, according to the number of carbon-atoms in the compounds.

1899 J. Cagney tr. R. von Jaksch Clin. Diagnosis (ed. 4) vii. 334 It appears that pentoses are frequently contained in beer.

1927 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 73 18 Any method of pentose estimation..must prove to be efficacious, not only for xylose and arabinose, but especially for d-ribose, for it is as ribose compounds that one finds pentose in the body.

1953 J. S. Fruton & S. Simmonds Gen. Biochem. xvii. 381 A number of pentoses have been found in nature; perhaps the most important of these is d-ribose,..a constituent of nucleic acids and of several nucleotides (ATP, DPN, etc.).

1992 D. J. Mabberley Trop. Rain Forest Ecol. (ed. 2) 141 These gums are highly polymerized pentoses that have to be broken down by bacteria.

1956 Q. Rev. Biol. 31 249/1 The enzymes of the pentose cycle also appear to form a soluble complex or cluster, since all the enzymes involved sediment together.

1992 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 10304/1 The increased photosynthetic rates..can be explained be increased activity of enzymes of the reductive pentose cycle.

1924 R. Chambers et al. Gen. Cytol. 76 There are, however, in some tissues..not only the hexose containing nucleic acid but also a pentose nucleic acid.

1953 J. S. Fruton & S. Simmonds Gen. Biochem. vii. 184 It was once thought that the pentose nucleic acids were characteristic of plant tissues whereas the deoxypentose nucleic acids were confined to animal cells.

1975 Jrnl. Periodontal Res. 10 12 At the same time pentose nucleic acid (RNA) and nuclear size showed decreasing values.

1921 Sci. Monthly Oct. 302 In this connection it will be remembered that a pentose-phosphate is common to the four nucleotides from which yeast nucleic acid is elaborated.

1948 Federation Proc. (Federation Amer. Soc. Exper. Biol.) 7 180/1 The oxidative decarboxylation of phosphogluconic acid to a pentose phosphate and the fermentation of the latter to CO₂ and water was previously shown to occur in yeast extracts.

1995 Science (Nexis) 13 Jan. 237 The evolved ribozymes were able to react with a variety of substrates, so long as they contained a target pentose-phosphate.

1958 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 149 358 The complete pentose phosphate cycle is presumably operative, since hexosemonophosphate is synthesized from ribose 5-phosphate.

1999 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 9438/2 Many other enzymes in the chloroplast, particularly several in the reductive pentose phosphate cycle, are also light/dark modulated.

1958 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 149 354 Of these alternative pathways, the most important is that originally discovered by Warburg in yeast extract and is now generally referred to as the pentose phosphate pathway.

1990 Jrnl. Exper. Bot. 41 889/1 Glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway activities are probably of more importance in Strelitzia juncea embryos than glyconeogenic activity.

1964 W. G. Smith Allergy & Tissue Metabolism viii. 85 Supplies of NADPH₂ can be made available by shunting some of the available glucose-6-phosphate into reactions which form ribulose-5-phosphate. This in turn can be converted back to glucose-6-phosphate... The whole process is sometimes referred to as the pentose phosphate shunt.

1998 Evolution 52 1859/2 Pgdh is an important control point in the pentose phophate shunt.

1957 A. Cantarow & B. Schepartz Biochemistry (ed. 2) xvii. 398 In certain tissues (e.g., liver), alternate aerobic pathways leading from glucose-6-phosphate may vie with those already described... Only one has been firmly established for mammalian metabolism. It has been variously designated as the ‘oxidative shunt’, ‘pentose shunt’, ‘Warburg-Dickens-Lipmann pathway’.

1995 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 8541/1 G6P is used as a precursor for other metabolic pathways including glycolysis and the pentose shunt.