patriarchyn.

Brit.

/ˈpeɪtrɪɑːki/,

/ˈpatrɪɑːki/, U.S.

/ˈpeɪtriˌɑrki/

Forms: 1500s patriarchie, 1600s– patriarchy.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin patriarchia; Greek πατριαρχία.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin patriarchia office of a patriarch (c1100; c1220 in a British source), patriarchal see (1559 in the passage translated in quot. 1561 at sense 1a), and its etymon (ii) Byzantine Greek πατριαρχία office of a patriarch (6th or 7th cent. with reference to the Christian church; 4th cent. with reference to headship of a Jewish community) < Hellenistic Greek πατριαρχής patriarch n. + -ία -y suffix³; compare -archy comb. form. Compare post-classical Latin patriarchium papal palace (end of the 7th cent.; 8th cent., 12th cent. in British sources), Papal States, office of a patriarch (11th cent.).In sense 2a apparently re-formed in the 19th cent.; compare French patriarchie (1849 or earlier in this sense; 1765 in sense ‘patriarchal church’).

1. Christian Church.

a. A patriarchal province or see; = patriarchate n. 1b.

ΚΠ

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. vii. f. 39 All the olde Synodes commaunde Bishops to be consecrate by their owne Metropolitanes: and they neuer bid the bishop of Rome to bee called vnto it, but in his owne Patriarchie.

1688 A. Woodhead Anc. Church Govt. i. iii. 156 But imagine we once the power of creating Patriarchies and Primacies..solely cast into the hands of a Secular Prince, and then the Prince not orthodox.

1896 Times 27 Oct. 6/3 One..misconception as regarded the approaching Lambeth Conference was a question of a patriarchy in connexion with the See of Canterbury.

1998 M. Vickers Between Serb & Albanian i. 8 The successors of the first archbishop..built several additional chapels around the Church of the Holy Apostle, laying the ground for what was to become the Peć patriarchy.

b. The residence of a patriarch; the official staff of a patriarch; = patriarchate n. 1c. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > clerical residence (general) > other clerical residences > [noun] > patriarch's

patriarchy1622

patriarchate1860

1622 J. Reynolds Triumphs Gods Revenge: 2nd Bk. vi. 23 He with his Gondala, with all possible speed hyes first to Murano, and so lands by the Patriarchy.

1954 Soviet Stud. 6 65 That type of ecclesiastic who would not have his say in the official publications of the Moscow Patriarchy.

†c. The position or office of patriarch; the jurisdiction of a patriarch; = patriarchate n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > patriarchism > [noun]

patriarchy1641

patriarchism1661

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > patriarch > [noun] > office of

patriarchship1565

patriarchdom1572

patriarchate1617

patriarchy1641

patriarchacy1681

1641 S. Marshall et al. Answer Hvmble Remonstr. (1653) Post. 86 Whence perhaps it is that the Sea of Canterbury hath affected a Patriarchy in our dayes.

1657 J. Sergeant Schism Dispach't 148 To limit the Pope's Patriarchy to a particular Province of Italy.

a. A form of social organization in which the father or oldest male is the head of the family, and descent and relationship are reckoned through the male line; government or rule by a man or men.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > [noun] > patriarchy or patriarchalism

paternity1614

patriarchya1626

patriarchate1727

patriarchalism1841

father-rule1888

father right1899

a1626 F. Bacon Conc. Post-nati Scotl. in Three Speeches (1641) 7 The first [state] is Paternity or Patriarchy, which was when a family growing so great as it could not containe it selfe within one habitation, some branches of the descendents were forced to plant themselves into new families.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. v. 215 The posterity of which Patriarchy continued in bondage two hundred and fifteene yeares.

1855 J. Harris (title) Patriarchy; or, the family: its constitution and probation.

1894 Daily News 14 Nov. 6/4 ‘Hierarchy and patriarchy’..summed up Alexander III.'s Slavonic policy.

1907 Man 7 137 Patriarchy is not universal in Polynesia. In the ruling families, especially in Tonga, descent is traced through females.

1955 M. Gluckman Custom & Confl. Afr. v. 132 In domestic life, the Zulu had a very strong patriarchy, under the dominance of the eldest son of a man's chief wife.

1992 Stud. Eng. Lit.: Eng. Number (Tokyo) 165 He mythologizes royal blood and strongly suggests in the romances that patriarchy is one of the better political structures.

b. As a count noun: a society, community, etc., governed or organized in this way.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [noun] > other types of civilizations or cultures

economy1535

patriarchy1868

by-world1872

Western world1894

overworld1895

open society1911

pao-chia1931

closed society1935

plural society1939

technopolis1946

shame culture1947

19841951

Hollerith1957

metaculture1959

underground1959

permissive society1960

caring society1966

technocomplex1968

microsociety1970

overground1971

Manhattanism1978

1868 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 13 132 Divided into numerous patriarchies, split by hereditary feuds into factions, the Kafirs have..successfully repulsed the occasional predatory incursions.

1934 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 5 143/2 The stern, indomitable type of leadership found in typical matriarchies and patriarchies.

1966 R. Morris & D. Morris Men & Apes vi. 180 In this review of the various primate societies it is noticeable that all those mentioned so far have been patriarchies.

1990 Amer. Hist. Rev. 95 634/1 Social ordering on the level of the community took the form of a patriarchy with patrimonial families governing the city.

3. The predominance of men in positions of power and influence in society, with cultural values and norms favouring men. Frequently with pejorative connotation.

ΚΠ

1970 Times 21 Nov. 13/1 Miss Kate Millett, the leading American liberationist theoretician, identifies the underlying cause of feminine subjection as the principle of patriarchy—‘the most pervasive ideology of our culture’.

1982 E. D. Gray Patriarchy as Conceptual Trap v. 114 The problem which patriarchy poses for the human species is not simply that it oppresses women.

1992 L. Banner In Full Flower Introd. p. vi The varied ways in which women have resisted patriarchy, finding ways to get around its confines.

2002 Church Times 13 Dec. 18/1 Feminist hermeneutics often restricts its aims to a critique of patriarchy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	patriarchy
释义	patriarchyn. Brit. /ˈpeɪtrɪɑːki/, /ˈpatrɪɑːki/, U.S. /ˈpeɪtriˌɑrki/ Forms: 1500s patriarchie, 1600s– patriarchy. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin patriarchia; Greek πατριαρχία. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin patriarchia office of a patriarch (c1100; c1220 in a British source), patriarchal see (1559 in the passage translated in quot. 1561 at sense 1a), and its etymon (ii) Byzantine Greek πατριαρχία office of a patriarch (6th or 7th cent. with reference to the Christian church; 4th cent. with reference to headship of a Jewish community) < Hellenistic Greek πατριαρχής patriarch n. + -ία -y suffix³; compare -archy comb. form. Compare post-classical Latin patriarchium papal palace (end of the 7th cent.; 8th cent., 12th cent. in British sources), Papal States, office of a patriarch (11th cent.).In sense 2a apparently re-formed in the 19th cent.; compare French patriarchie (1849 or earlier in this sense; 1765 in sense ‘patriarchal church’). 1. Christian Church. a. A patriarchal province or see; = patriarchate n. 1b. ΚΠ 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. vii. f. 39 All the olde Synodes commaunde Bishops to be consecrate by their owne Metropolitanes: and they neuer bid the bishop of Rome to bee called vnto it, but in his owne Patriarchie. 1688 A. Woodhead Anc. Church Govt. i. iii. 156 But imagine we once the power of creating Patriarchies and Primacies..solely cast into the hands of a Secular Prince, and then the Prince not orthodox. 1896 Times 27 Oct. 6/3 One..misconception as regarded the approaching Lambeth Conference was a question of a patriarchy in connexion with the See of Canterbury. 1998 M. Vickers Between Serb & Albanian i. 8 The successors of the first archbishop..built several additional chapels around the Church of the Holy Apostle, laying the ground for what was to become the Peć patriarchy. b. The residence of a patriarch; the official staff of a patriarch; = patriarchate n. 1c. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > clerical residence (general) > other clerical residences > [noun] > patriarch's patriarchy1622 patriarchate1860 1622 J. Reynolds Triumphs Gods Revenge: 2nd Bk. vi. 23 He with his Gondala, with all possible speed hyes first to Murano, and so lands by the Patriarchy. 1954 Soviet Stud. 6 65 That type of ecclesiastic who would not have his say in the official publications of the Moscow Patriarchy. †c. The position or office of patriarch; the jurisdiction of a patriarch; = patriarchate n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > patriarchism > [noun] patriarchy1641 patriarchism1661 society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > patriarch > [noun] > office of patriarchship1565 patriarchdom1572 patriarchate1617 patriarchy1641 patriarchacy1681 1641 S. Marshall et al. Answer Hvmble Remonstr. (1653) Post. 86 Whence perhaps it is that the Sea of Canterbury hath affected a Patriarchy in our dayes. 1657 J. Sergeant Schism Dispach't 148 To limit the Pope's Patriarchy to a particular Province of Italy. 2. a. A form of social organization in which the father or oldest male is the head of the family, and descent and relationship are reckoned through the male line; government or rule by a man or men. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > [noun] > patriarchy or patriarchalism paternity1614 patriarchya1626 patriarchate1727 patriarchalism1841 father-rule1888 father right1899 a1626 F. Bacon Conc. Post-nati Scotl. in Three Speeches (1641) 7 The first [state] is Paternity or Patriarchy, which was when a family growing so great as it could not containe it selfe within one habitation, some branches of the descendents were forced to plant themselves into new families. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. v. 215 The posterity of which Patriarchy continued in bondage two hundred and fifteene yeares. 1855 J. Harris (title) Patriarchy; or, the family: its constitution and probation. 1894 Daily News 14 Nov. 6/4 ‘Hierarchy and patriarchy’..summed up Alexander III.'s Slavonic policy. 1907 Man 7 137 Patriarchy is not universal in Polynesia. In the ruling families, especially in Tonga, descent is traced through females. 1955 M. Gluckman Custom & Confl. Afr. v. 132 In domestic life, the Zulu had a very strong patriarchy, under the dominance of the eldest son of a man's chief wife. 1992 Stud. Eng. Lit.: Eng. Number (Tokyo) 165 He mythologizes royal blood and strongly suggests in the romances that patriarchy is one of the better political structures. b. As a count noun: a society, community, etc., governed or organized in this way. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [noun] > other types of civilizations or cultures economy1535 patriarchy1868 by-world1872 Western world1894 overworld1895 open society1911 pao-chia1931 closed society1935 plural society1939 technopolis1946 shame culture1947 19841951 Hollerith1957 metaculture1959 underground1959 permissive society1960 caring society1966 technocomplex1968 microsociety1970 overground1971 Manhattanism1978 1868 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 13 132 Divided into numerous patriarchies, split by hereditary feuds into factions, the Kafirs have..successfully repulsed the occasional predatory incursions. 1934 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 5 143/2 The stern, indomitable type of leadership found in typical matriarchies and patriarchies. 1966 R. Morris & D. Morris Men & Apes vi. 180 In this review of the various primate societies it is noticeable that all those mentioned so far have been patriarchies. 1990 Amer. Hist. Rev. 95 634/1 Social ordering on the level of the community took the form of a patriarchy with patrimonial families governing the city. 3. The predominance of men in positions of power and influence in society, with cultural values and norms favouring men. Frequently with pejorative connotation. ΚΠ 1970 Times 21 Nov. 13/1 Miss Kate Millett, the leading American liberationist theoretician, identifies the underlying cause of feminine subjection as the principle of patriarchy—‘the most pervasive ideology of our culture’. 1982 E. D. Gray Patriarchy as Conceptual Trap v. 114 The problem which patriarchy poses for the human species is not simply that it oppresses women. 1992 L. Banner In Full Flower Introd. p. vi The varied ways in which women have resisted patriarchy, finding ways to get around its confines. 2002 Church Times 13 Dec. 18/1 Feminist hermeneutics often restricts its aims to a critique of patriarchy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1561
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