peenn.

Brit.

/piːn/, U.S.

/pin/, Scottish English

/pin/

Forms: 1600s pen, 1800s piend, 1800s– peen, 1800s– pene, 1900s– peane, 1900s– pein; English regional (northern) 1800s– pean, 1800s– peean (Yorkshire), 1900s– peun.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Probably the reflex of a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian penn , Norwegian regional pen , pænn , Swedish regional pen , pän , päne , penn , pänn , Danish pen ), probably < an unattested Middle Low German *pen , *penne peg, pin (compare Middle Dutch penne (Dutch pen , (rare) peen ), German regional (Low German: Bremen) penn ), variant of Middle Low German pin , pinne pin n.¹; perhaps influenced in form by peen v. Compare pane n.³ Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. records the word from Scotland, northern Ireland, and the northern counties of England.

Originally and chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern).

The end of a hammer head opposite the face; (formerly) spec. the sharp or thin end.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > head of > thin end of

peen1683

pane1839

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 71 The Hammer..hath no Claws but a Pen.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 321/2 Smiths..Hammers have no claw or slit in the Pen, as those that are for drawing out of Nails.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Peen, the sharp point of a mason's hammer.

1885 Spons' Mechanics' Own Bk. 84 This process is termed ‘paning’ or ‘pening’, from the pane or pene of the hammer being generally used to perform it.

1904 W. H. Van Dervoort Mod. Machine Shop Tools (ed. 4) i. 17 The machinist hammer..is made of high-grade steel, carefully tempered on head and pene.

1964 S. Crawford Basic Engin. Processes i. 16 The three types of hammer most generally used by the fitter are (a) Ball Pein, (b) Cross Pein, and (c) Straight Pein... All three are of a standard shape at the striking face end but can be readily identified by the shape of the opposite end known as the pein.

1991 Harrowsmith Aug. 65/3 The peen could be used to drive tiny nails into the tightest spots, and he proved it.

Compounds

C1.

peen end n.

ΚΠ

1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. 376 Tak' t' peen end o' t' hammer til it, lad: thou'll mash 't, then, fast enew.

1892 M. C. F. Morris Yorks. Folk-talk 352 Ho'd it by t'peean end.

1990 Newsday (N.Y.) (Nexis) 24 Dec. 8 He kicked her, stuck her with the peen end of a hammer.

peen-ended adj.

ΚΠ

1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 454/2 Peen-ended-maul.

C2.

peen hammer n. [compare Dutch penhamer, pinhamer, German regional (Low German) pinnhamer, German Pinnhammer, Swedish penhammare (1585)] a hammer having a sharp peen.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > other hammers

hand-hammereOE

maulc1225

plating hammer1543

bucker1653

axe-hammer1681

brick hammer1688

chipping hammer1783

tup1848

clinch-hammer1850

tack-hammer1865

bucking hammer1875

bloat1881

ringer1883

key hammer1884

peen hammer1885

straight pein1904

toffee hammer1958

1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 558/1 The differences between peen-hammers and bush-hammers.

1943 D. J. Swartz et al. Fund. Shopwork (1945) i. 27 The peen hammer is widely used.

2000 Windsor (Canada) Star (Nexis) 21 Oct. e1 Sparks bounce as the peen hammer, with precision strokes, shapes the red-hot steel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

peenv.

Brit.

/piːn/, U.S.

/pin/, Scottish English

/pin/

Forms: 1800s pene, 1800s– peen; English regional (northern) 1800s– pean, 1900s– peun; Scottish pre-1700 pene, pre-1700 peyn, pre-1700 peyne, pre-1700 poyne, 1800s pien (Orkney and Shetland), 1800s– peen.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Probably the reflex of a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian penne , Norwegian regional penna , pænne (in e.g. pænne uut to hammer out flat), Swedish regional pena , päna (in e.g. päna ut järnet to beat iron thin, to hammer out in length and breadth), early modern Danish pene , pæne (Danish penne , Danish regional pene , pæne ) < the Scandinavian base of Norwegian penn peen n. Compare pane v.³, pin v.³

Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern).

transitive. Originally: to beat thin with a hammer, to hammer out; to strike with the peen of a hammer. Now also: to subject (a surface) to the impact of small hard particles, as shot, sand, etc.; = shot-peen vb. at shot n.¹ Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > driving or beating tools

strike1340

hammerc1430

maul?1440

riveta1450

calla1522

peena1522

peck1533

mallet1594

beetle1608

pickaxe1800

sledge1816

sledgehammer1834

tack-hammer1865

pin1875

pile-drive1894

staple gun1960

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape > in specific way

batterc1380

beat1483

peena1522

hammer1522

malleate1598

extenuate1599

upset1678

planish1688

to set down1703

foliate1704

raise1774

skelp1803

tilt1825

jump1851

cold-hammer1858

stub1869

upend1932

ding1939

coin1940

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. xi. 72 The sickyr helmis penis and forgis out.

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. Prol. 93 Sum penis furth a pan boddum to prent fals plakkis.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. vii. 128 The glowand irne to well and peyne anon.

1823 Massachusetts Spy 22 Jan. After the shoe [i.e. a horseshoe] is turned, let the inside of it be peened out, so as to leave it in the form of a heater.

1888 J. Rose Mod. Machine-shop Pract. II. xxv. 162/2 The side faces of the arms would require to be pened.

1903 B. Kirkby in Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 454 [Westmorland] Thoo mun peun that sooal better ner that aboot t'neb.

1950 Engineering 31 Mar. 345/3 Each run of weld is peened before the next run is applied.

1997 National Geographic Traveler July 68/2 Raindrops peen the pewter surface of the harbor flat.

2003 Tractor & Machinery Oct. 18/3 Then the weld metal should have been peened with a hammer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	peen
释义	peenn. Brit. /piːn/, U.S. /pin/, Scottish English /pin/ Forms: 1600s pen, 1800s piend, 1800s– peen, 1800s– pene, 1900s– peane, 1900s– pein; English regional (northern) 1800s– pean, 1800s– peean (Yorkshire), 1900s– peun. Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Probably the reflex of a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian penn , Norwegian regional pen , pænn , Swedish regional pen , pän , päne , penn , pänn , Danish pen ), probably < an unattested Middle Low German pen , penne peg, pin (compare Middle Dutch penne (Dutch pen , (rare) peen ), German regional (Low German: Bremen) penn ), variant of Middle Low German pin , pinne pin n.¹; perhaps influenced in form by peen v. Compare pane n.³ Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. records the word from Scotland, northern Ireland, and the northern counties of England. Originally and chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). The end of a hammer head opposite the face; (formerly) spec. the sharp or thin end. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > head of > thin end of peen1683 pane1839 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 71 The Hammer..hath no Claws but a Pen. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 321/2 Smiths..Hammers have no claw or slit in the Pen, as those that are for drawing out of Nails. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Peen, the sharp point of a mason's hammer. 1885 Spons' Mechanics' Own Bk. 84 This process is termed ‘paning’ or ‘pening’, from the pane or pene of the hammer being generally used to perform it. 1904 W. H. Van Dervoort Mod. Machine Shop Tools (ed. 4) i. 17 The machinist hammer..is made of high-grade steel, carefully tempered on head and pene. 1964 S. Crawford Basic Engin. Processes i. 16 The three types of hammer most generally used by the fitter are (a) Ball Pein, (b) Cross Pein, and (c) Straight Pein... All three are of a standard shape at the striking face end but can be readily identified by the shape of the opposite end known as the pein. 1991 Harrowsmith Aug. 65/3 The peen could be used to drive tiny nails into the tightest spots, and he proved it. Compounds C1. peen end n. ΚΠ 1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. 376 Tak' t' peen end o' t' hammer til it, lad: thou'll mash 't, then, fast enew. 1892 M. C. F. Morris Yorks. Folk-talk 352 Ho'd it by t'peean end. 1990 Newsday (N.Y.) (Nexis) 24 Dec. 8 He kicked her, stuck her with the peen end of a hammer. peen-ended adj. ΚΠ 1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 454/2 Peen-ended-maul. C2. peen hammer n. [compare Dutch penhamer, pinhamer, German regional (Low German) pinnhamer, German Pinnhammer, Swedish penhammare (1585)] a hammer having a sharp peen. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > other hammers hand-hammereOE maulc1225 plating hammer1543 bucker1653 axe-hammer1681 brick hammer1688 chipping hammer1783 tup1848 clinch-hammer1850 tack-hammer1865 bucking hammer1875 bloat1881 ringer1883 key hammer1884 peen hammer1885 straight pein1904 toffee hammer1958 1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 558/1 The differences between peen-hammers and bush-hammers. 1943 D. J. Swartz et al. Fund. Shopwork (1945) i. 27 The peen hammer is widely used. 2000 Windsor (Canada) Star (Nexis) 21 Oct. e1 Sparks bounce as the peen hammer, with precision strokes, shapes the red-hot steel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). peenv. Brit. /piːn/, U.S. /pin/, Scottish English /pin/ Forms: 1800s pene, 1800s– peen; English regional (northern) 1800s– pean, 1900s– peun; Scottish pre-1700 pene, pre-1700 peyn, pre-1700 peyne, pre-1700 poyne, 1800s pien (Orkney and Shetland), 1800s– peen. Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Probably the reflex of a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian penne , Norwegian regional penna , pænne (in e.g. pænne uut to hammer out flat), Swedish regional pena , päna (in e.g. päna ut järnet to beat iron thin, to hammer out in length and breadth), early modern Danish pene , pæne (Danish penne , Danish regional pene , pæne ) < the Scandinavian base of Norwegian penn peen n. Compare pane v.³, pin v.³ Chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). transitive. Originally: to beat thin with a hammer, to hammer out; to strike with the peen of a hammer. Now also: to subject (a surface) to the impact of small hard particles, as shot, sand, etc.; = shot-peen vb. at shot n.¹ Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > driving or beating tools strike1340 hammerc1430 maul?1440 riveta1450 calla1522 peena1522 peck1533 mallet1594 beetle1608 pickaxe1800 sledge1816 sledgehammer1834 tack-hammer1865 pin1875 pile-drive1894 staple gun1960 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape > in specific way batterc1380 beat1483 peena1522 hammer1522 malleate1598 extenuate1599 upset1678 planish1688 to set down1703 foliate1704 raise1774 skelp1803 tilt1825 jump1851 cold-hammer1858 stub1869 upend1932 ding1939 coin1940 a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. xi. 72 The sickyr helmis penis and forgis out. a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. Prol. 93 Sum penis furth a pan boddum to prent fals plakkis. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. vii. 128 The glowand irne to well and peyne anon. 1823 Massachusetts Spy 22 Jan. After the shoe [i.e. a horseshoe] is turned, let the inside of it be peened out, so as to leave it in the form of a heater. 1888 J. Rose Mod. Machine-shop Pract. II. xxv. 162/2 The side faces of the arms would require to be pened. 1903 B. Kirkby in Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 454 [Westmorland] Thoo mun peun that sooal better ner that aboot t'neb. 1950 Engineering 31 Mar. 345/3 Each run of weld is peened before the next run is applied. 1997 National Geographic Traveler July 68/2 Raindrops peen the pewter surface of the harbor flat. 2003 Tractor & Machinery Oct. 18/3 Then the weld metal should have been peened with a hammer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1683v.a1522
随便看	truantlike truantly truantness truantries truantry truants truantschool truantship trub trub-tail trubenized trubetzkoyan trubkin truble trubtail truce truce of god truce to truce with truce-bearer truce-breaker truce-breaking truce-day truce-flag truce-hating