Pasteurn.

Brit.

/paˈstəː/, U.S.

/pæsˈt(ʃ)ər/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Pasteur.

Etymology: < the name of Louis Pasteur (1822–95), French chemist and bacteriologist, who devised or discovered these instruments, processes, and effects.

Medicine and Biochemistry.

1. Pasteur flask n. (formerly also †Pasteur's flask) a glass flask with an elongated neck bent downwards to reduce the entry of microorganisms from the air. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > for storing or containing

boat1847

collecting box1857

moist chamber1869

Pasteur flask1869

plate1886

Petri dish1892

Pasteur pipette1899

Stender dish1900

straw1966

tissue-bank1968

1869 Nature 18 Nov. 89/1 Meunier communicates to Cosmos the result of an experiment made in a Pasteur's flask.

1882 W. W. Cheyne Antiseptic Surg. i. 17 In Pasteur's flasks with the long open necks, no floating dust is present after what was originally there has settled.

1913 G. Martin Industr. & Manuf. Chem.: Org. v. i. 231 A pure culture in sterilised wort is obtained by inoculating from each separate colony nutrient sterilised wort contained in a Pasteur's flask.

1913 G. Martin Industr. & Manuf. Chem.: Org. v. i. 231 A small amount of pure yeast culture from a Pasteur flask.

1969 R. K. Das Industr. Chem. II. xvi. 221 The sterile wort is inoculated with pure culture (from the Pasteur flask).

2. Pasteur treatment n. (formerly also †Pasteur's treatment) a therapeutic method, used esp. for rabies, involving successive inoculations with attenuated virus gradually increasing in virulence. Cf. Pasteurism n. Now chiefly historical.

ΚΠ

1885 Science 11 Dec. 508/1 Of those [patients bitten by a mad dog] who are subjected to Pasteur's treatment, the wound has in most cases been already cauterized or excised.

1938 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 20 Aug. 690/2 The Semple modification of the Pasteur treatment is commercially available and should be given twice daily.

1985 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 22 Sept. (Home section) 8 c The painful Pasteur treatment of shots in the stomach is a thing of the past.

2000 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 13 Feb. (Metro section) b1 We didn't know if the dog bit us or scratched us, so we had to take the Pasteur treatment—21 shots in the stomach.

3. Pasteur pipette n. (formerly also †Pasteur's pipette) (originally) a sterilized glass tube which at one end has a plug of cotton wool, etc., and at the other terminates as a capillary tube whose end is sealed at the time of drawing and not broken until the pipette is to be used; (later also) a tube of this kind which is not sterilized, plugged, or sealed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > for storing or containing

boat1847

collecting box1857

moist chamber1869

Pasteur flask1869

plate1886

Petri dish1892

Pasteur pipette1899

Stender dish1900

straw1966

tissue-bank1968

1899 Proc. Royal Soc. 65 274 If it be desired to keep the blood for continuous examination, it should be drawn into a graduated Pasteur pipette, [etc.].

1902 J. W. H. Eyre Elements Bacteriol. Technique i. 21 (heading) Capillary pipettes or Pasteur's pipettes.

1972 Jrnl. Endocrinol. 54 108 Fluid from control and test dishes was removed with a sterile Pasteur pipette.

1999 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 13498/2 The tissues were resuspended..and then triturated with a fire-polished Pasteur pipette.

a. Pasteur reaction n. [after German Pasteursche Reaktion (O. Warburg 1926, in Biochem. Zeitschr. 172 435)] = Pasteur effect n. at sense 4b. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > inhibition > [noun]

antagonism1859

Pasteur reaction1930

Pasteur effect1935

lipotropism1945

repression1957

1930 Biochem. Jrnl. 24 1302 Ethyl isocyanide is..a specific inhibitor of the Pasteur reaction, i.e. of the reaction between respiration and fermentation, using the latter term to include glycolysis.

1966 F. M. Irvine tr. H. G. Lundegårdh Plant Physiol. iv. 193 The exact position of the Pasteur reaction in the glycolysis chain..cannot be very easily determined.

1987 A. H. Rose in A. H. Rose & J. S. Harrison Yeasts (ed. 2) II. ii. 14 Louis Pasteur did observe a related phenomenon, which was referred to as the ‘Pasteur reaction’ by Warburg (1936) before it acquired its current appellation.

b. Pasteur effect n. the inhibition of fermentation by oxygen in favour of respiration in certain organisms and tissues.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > inhibition > [noun]

antagonism1859

Pasteur reaction1930

Pasteur effect1935

lipotropism1945

repression1957

1935 Nature 15 June 995/2 (heading) Mechanism of the Pasteur effect.

1971 I. G. Gass et al. Understanding Earth x. 146/2 The change-over from fermentation to respiration occurs when oxygen reaches about 1 per cent of its present concentration in the atmosphere. Pasteur pointed out this effect..during his study of the spoilage of wines, so it is known as the ‘Pasteur effect’.

1997 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 12 Aug. c3/6 Bread yeast..can shift its metabolism from fermentation to oxidation in the presence of air, a shift called the Pasteur effect.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pasteur
释义	Pasteurn. Brit. /paˈstəː/, U.S. /pæsˈt(ʃ)ər/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Pasteur. Etymology: < the name of Louis Pasteur (1822–95), French chemist and bacteriologist, who devised or discovered these instruments, processes, and effects. Medicine and Biochemistry. 1. Pasteur flask n. (formerly also †Pasteur's flask) a glass flask with an elongated neck bent downwards to reduce the entry of microorganisms from the air. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > for storing or containing boat1847 collecting box1857 moist chamber1869 Pasteur flask1869 plate1886 Petri dish1892 Pasteur pipette1899 Stender dish1900 straw1966 tissue-bank1968 1869 Nature 18 Nov. 89/1 Meunier communicates to Cosmos the result of an experiment made in a Pasteur's flask. 1882 W. W. Cheyne Antiseptic Surg. i. 17 In Pasteur's flasks with the long open necks, no floating dust is present after what was originally there has settled. 1913 G. Martin Industr. & Manuf. Chem.: Org. v. i. 231 A pure culture in sterilised wort is obtained by inoculating from each separate colony nutrient sterilised wort contained in a Pasteur's flask. 1913 G. Martin Industr. & Manuf. Chem.: Org. v. i. 231 A small amount of pure yeast culture from a Pasteur flask. 1969 R. K. Das Industr. Chem. II. xvi. 221 The sterile wort is inoculated with pure culture (from the Pasteur flask). 2. Pasteur treatment n. (formerly also †Pasteur's treatment) a therapeutic method, used esp. for rabies, involving successive inoculations with attenuated virus gradually increasing in virulence. Cf. Pasteurism n. Now chiefly historical. ΚΠ 1885 Science 11 Dec. 508/1 Of those [patients bitten by a mad dog] who are subjected to Pasteur's treatment, the wound has in most cases been already cauterized or excised. 1938 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 20 Aug. 690/2 The Semple modification of the Pasteur treatment is commercially available and should be given twice daily. 1985 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 22 Sept. (Home section) 8 c The painful Pasteur treatment of shots in the stomach is a thing of the past. 2000 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 13 Feb. (Metro section) b1 We didn't know if the dog bit us or scratched us, so we had to take the Pasteur treatment—21 shots in the stomach. 3. Pasteur pipette n. (formerly also †Pasteur's pipette) (originally) a sterilized glass tube which at one end has a plug of cotton wool, etc., and at the other terminates as a capillary tube whose end is sealed at the time of drawing and not broken until the pipette is to be used; (later also) a tube of this kind which is not sterilized, plugged, or sealed. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > for storing or containing boat1847 collecting box1857 moist chamber1869 Pasteur flask1869 plate1886 Petri dish1892 Pasteur pipette1899 Stender dish1900 straw1966 tissue-bank1968 1899 Proc. Royal Soc. 65 274 If it be desired to keep the blood for continuous examination, it should be drawn into a graduated Pasteur pipette, [etc.]. 1902 J. W. H. Eyre Elements Bacteriol. Technique i. 21 (heading) Capillary pipettes or Pasteur's pipettes. 1972 Jrnl. Endocrinol. 54 108 Fluid from control and test dishes was removed with a sterile Pasteur pipette. 1999 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 13498/2 The tissues were resuspended..and then triturated with a fire-polished Pasteur pipette. 4. a. Pasteur reaction n. [after German Pasteursche Reaktion (O. Warburg 1926, in Biochem. Zeitschr. 172 435)] = Pasteur effect n. at sense 4b. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > inhibition > [noun] antagonism1859 Pasteur reaction1930 Pasteur effect1935 lipotropism1945 repression1957 1930 Biochem. Jrnl. 24 1302 Ethyl isocyanide is..a specific inhibitor of the Pasteur reaction, i.e. of the reaction between respiration and fermentation, using the latter term to include glycolysis. 1966 F. M. Irvine tr. H. G. Lundegårdh Plant Physiol. iv. 193 The exact position of the Pasteur reaction in the glycolysis chain..cannot be very easily determined. 1987 A. H. Rose in A. H. Rose & J. S. Harrison Yeasts (ed. 2) II. ii. 14 Louis Pasteur did observe a related phenomenon, which was referred to as the ‘Pasteur reaction’ by Warburg (1936) before it acquired its current appellation. b. Pasteur effect n. the inhibition of fermentation by oxygen in favour of respiration in certain organisms and tissues. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > inhibition > [noun] antagonism1859 Pasteur reaction1930 Pasteur effect1935 lipotropism1945 repression1957 1935 Nature 15 June 995/2 (heading) Mechanism of the Pasteur effect. 1971 I. G. Gass et al. Understanding Earth x. 146/2 The change-over from fermentation to respiration occurs when oxygen reaches about 1 per cent of its present concentration in the atmosphere. Pasteur pointed out this effect..during his study of the spoilage of wines, so it is known as the ‘Pasteur effect’. 1997 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 12 Aug. c3/6 Bread yeast..can shift its metabolism from fermentation to oxidation in the presence of air, a shift called the Pasteur effect. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † Pasteurv. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Pasteur. Etymology: < the name of Louis Pasteur (see Pasteur n.). Compare earlier pasteurize v. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (pɑstör) /pastœr/. Obsolete. rare. transitive. = pasteurize v. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > disinfecting > disinfect [verb (transitive)] > sterilize > pasteurize pasteurize1881 Pasteur1892 1892 Chambers's Encycl. X. 685 This effect of time may..be imitated by art—by Pasteuring the wine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2019). < n.1869v.1892
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Pasteurn.

† Pasteurv.