oldestadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈəʊldᵻst/, U.S.

/ˈoʊldəst/

Forms: Middle English– oldest, Middle English– oldeste, 1600s olddest; English regional (northern) 1800s– aldest, 1800s– awdest, 1800s– owdest, 1800s– owdst; Scottish pre-1700 aldest, pre-1700 ouldest, pre-1700 1700s– oldest, 1700s– auldest, 1800s– aulest, 1800s– aul'est.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: old adj., -est suffix.

Etymology: < old adj. + -est suffix. Compare earlier eldest adj. Compare older adj.This regularized superlative of old adj. has superseded eldest adj. in all except special uses. The form aldest attested in Middle English shows a different origin, showing the west midland reflex of Old English ældest (see eldest adj.):c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 3463 Þe aldeste hæhte Fulgenius [c1300 Otho þe eldest].c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1333 Bolde Baltazar..watz his barn aldest.c1425 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Harl.) 233 And that was þe verste churche, þat in Engelond come And þe aldest hous al so, as in lawe of Cristendom.c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11055 Pyrrus..was..Polidamas brother..aldist but he.c1600 (c1350) Alisaunder (Greaves) (1929) 27 His alder-aldust sonne þat Alisaunder hight Þo was crouned king.

1. In ordinary senses derived from old adj.: farthest advanced in age; first made or produced; longest-standing; most ancient; = eldest adj. 1, 3. Also as n.: a person who or thing which is oldest.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > oldest

eldestc1000

oldesta1425

a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) 97 Alle hertes þat is grettest and myghtiest beloweth by resoun shulde be grettest and oldest.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 18 Joppe..is on of the oldest townes of the world.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xiv. 253 Giue vnto the oldest Hag that is the same eyes that he had when he was young.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 255 Haue you a ruffin that will..commit The oldest sinnes, the newest kind of waies?

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 320 The oldest haue borne most, we that are yong, Shall neuer see so much.

1675 T. Hobbes in tr. Homer Odysses To Rdr. sig. B5 They that..look upon it with the oldest spectacles of a Critique, may approve it.

1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 120 The oldest Seaman on board never saw a more dismal Prospect.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 45 Our oldest reformation is that of Magna Charta.

1838 A. De Morgan Ess. Probabilities 210 A's interest in the latter annuity..when A is the oldest of the three.

1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. v. 155 It is an error to suppose that the rudest flint implements are necessarily the oldest.

1901 ‘M. Twain’ in N. Amer. Rev. Feb. 163 The oldest Americans are the Pawnees.

1940 E. Hemingway Let. in G. Murphy et al. Lett. from Lost Generation (1991) 260 I didn't go to see Ruth Allen nor you nor the other oldest friends.

1967 D. S. Parlett Short Dict. Lang. 73 Kirghiz.., apparently one of the oldest (or oldest attested) Turkic tribes.

1989 A. Stoddard Living beautifully Together (1991) iv. 189 I flew out to Illinois this winter to see my oldest friend.

2. = eldest adj. 2, esp. designating the first born of several siblings. Also as n.: an oldest sibling, etc.This was formerly a regional alternative to eldest, but is now the more common word in this sense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > age > [adjective] > older than an age > eldest

eldestc1000

mostc1275

heldesta1400

oldest1478

greatest1535

patriarchal1806

aîné1831

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > first-born

eldestc1000

first-begottenc1350

first-gottena1382

firstbornc1384

first-gendereda1398

first-kinneda1400

oldest1478

ayne1483

first-conceived1574

eigne1586

eldest-born1608

primogenit1619

first-begot1671

primogenitala1706

old1706

primogenitary1827

primogenitive1842

1478 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 512 William Brandon is in warde and arestyd fore thatt he scholde have by force ravysshyd and swyvyd an olde jentylwoman, and..hyr oldest dowtre.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. i Our oldest son was named George, after his uncle.

1785 W. Paley Princ. Moral & Polit. Philos. iii. i. xxiii. 188 The not making a will, is a very culpable omission..where it leaves daughters, or younger children, at the mercy of the oldest son.

1852 C. Duncan Autobiogr. i Had a very bad spell of sickness myself and my oldest child.

1881 L. M. Alcott Old-fashioned Thanksgiving in St. Nicholas Nov. 9/1 Tilly, the oldest girl, a red-cheeked, black-eyed lass of fourteen.

1897 Longman's Mag. Feb. 324 There was eleeven o' us an' me the awdest.

1939 Z. N. Hurston Moses xii. 119 By the way, that oldest girl of mine is named Zipporah.

1990 Yankee May 123/1 She is a tough cookie, born in Jersey City, New Jersey, the oldest of nine children.

Compounds

oldest inhabitant n. humorous a person of long standing or experience in a community; an aged person.

ΚΠ

1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 358 Now, Sir, as I was assured, from every inquiry I could possibly make, that so remarkable an instance of atmospherical refraction had never been witnessed by the oldest inhabitant of Hastings, nor by any of the numerous visitors.]

1822 W. Irving Storm Ship in Bracebridge Hall II. 289 In a word, it was one of those unparalleled storms that only happen once within the memory of that venerable personage, known in all towns by the appellation of ‘the oldest inhabitant’.

1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. Introd. 13 The whereabouts of the Oldest Inhabitant was at once settled, when I looked at them.

1914 ‘I. Hay’ Lighter Side School Life iv. 105 The Wag and the Oldest Inhabitant are usually permitted to offer observations.

1950 ‘J. Tey’ To love & be Wise xv. 196 The Oldest Inhabitant..was a vain old party but he was the representative..of..Race Memory.

1996 Sunday Mirror (Nexis) 13 Oct. (Sport section) 55 Only us oldest inhabitants of the Wembley press box can still recall Gazza's greatest England night.

oldest profession n. euphemistic prostitution.

ΚΠ

1922 A. Woollcott Shouts & Murmurs ii. 57 The Actor and the Streetwalker... The two oldest professions in the world—ruined by amateurs.

1936 Times Lit. Suppl. 18 Apr. 338/4 Blackham has attempted a comprehensive survey of the activities of womankind from ‘the oldest profession’ to the magistracy.

1994 R. Hendrickson Happy Trails 33 Here, along three city blocks..,the ‘brides of the multitudes’ practiced the oldest profession.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	oldest
释义	oldestadj.n. Brit. /ˈəʊldᵻst/, U.S. /ˈoʊldəst/ Forms: Middle English– oldest, Middle English– oldeste, 1600s olddest; English regional (northern) 1800s– aldest, 1800s– awdest, 1800s– owdest, 1800s– owdst; Scottish pre-1700 aldest, pre-1700 ouldest, pre-1700 1700s– oldest, 1700s– auldest, 1800s– aulest, 1800s– aul'est. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: old adj., -est suffix. Etymology: < old adj. + -est suffix. Compare earlier eldest adj. Compare older adj.This regularized superlative of old adj. has superseded eldest adj. in all except special uses. The form aldest attested in Middle English shows a different origin, showing the west midland reflex of Old English ældest (see eldest adj.):c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 3463 Þe aldeste hæhte Fulgenius [c1300 Otho þe eldest].c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1333 Bolde Baltazar..watz his barn aldest.c1425 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Harl.) 233 And that was þe verste churche, þat in Engelond come And þe aldest hous al so, as in lawe of Cristendom.c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11055 Pyrrus..was..Polidamas brother..aldist but he.c1600 (c1350) Alisaunder (Greaves) (1929) 27 His alder-aldust sonne þat Alisaunder hight Þo was crouned king. 1. In ordinary senses derived from old adj.: farthest advanced in age; first made or produced; longest-standing; most ancient; = eldest adj. 1, 3. Also as n.: a person who or thing which is oldest. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > oldest eldestc1000 oldesta1425 a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) 97 Alle hertes þat is grettest and myghtiest beloweth by resoun shulde be grettest and oldest. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 18 Joppe..is on of the oldest townes of the world. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xiv. 253 Giue vnto the oldest Hag that is the same eyes that he had when he was young. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 255 Haue you a ruffin that will..commit The oldest sinnes, the newest kind of waies? View more context for this quotation 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 320 The oldest haue borne most, we that are yong, Shall neuer see so much. View more context for this quotation 1675 T. Hobbes in tr. Homer Odysses To Rdr. sig. B5 They that..look upon it with the oldest spectacles of a Critique, may approve it. 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 120 The oldest Seaman on board never saw a more dismal Prospect. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 45 Our oldest reformation is that of Magna Charta. View more context for this quotation 1838 A. De Morgan Ess. Probabilities 210 A's interest in the latter annuity..when A is the oldest of the three. 1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. v. 155 It is an error to suppose that the rudest flint implements are necessarily the oldest. 1901 ‘M. Twain’ in N. Amer. Rev. Feb. 163 The oldest Americans are the Pawnees. 1940 E. Hemingway Let. in G. Murphy et al. Lett. from Lost Generation (1991) 260 I didn't go to see Ruth Allen nor you nor the other oldest friends. 1967 D. S. Parlett Short Dict. Lang. 73 Kirghiz.., apparently one of the oldest (or oldest attested) Turkic tribes. 1989 A. Stoddard Living beautifully Together (1991) iv. 189 I flew out to Illinois this winter to see my oldest friend. 2. = eldest adj. 2, esp. designating the first born of several siblings. Also as n.: an oldest sibling, etc.This was formerly a regional alternative to eldest, but is now the more common word in this sense. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > age > [adjective] > older than an age > eldest eldestc1000 mostc1275 heldesta1400 oldest1478 greatest1535 patriarchal1806 aîné1831 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > first-born eldestc1000 first-begottenc1350 first-gottena1382 firstbornc1384 first-gendereda1398 first-kinneda1400 oldest1478 ayne1483 first-conceived1574 eigne1586 eldest-born1608 primogenit1619 first-begot1671 primogenitala1706 old1706 primogenitary1827 primogenitive1842 1478 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 512 William Brandon is in warde and arestyd fore thatt he scholde have by force ravysshyd and swyvyd an olde jentylwoman, and..hyr oldest dowtre. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. i Our oldest son was named George, after his uncle. 1785 W. Paley Princ. Moral & Polit. Philos. iii. i. xxiii. 188 The not making a will, is a very culpable omission..where it leaves daughters, or younger children, at the mercy of the oldest son. 1852 C. Duncan Autobiogr. i Had a very bad spell of sickness myself and my oldest child. 1881 L. M. Alcott Old-fashioned Thanksgiving in St. Nicholas Nov. 9/1 Tilly, the oldest girl, a red-cheeked, black-eyed lass of fourteen. 1897 Longman's Mag. Feb. 324 There was eleeven o' us an' me the awdest. 1939 Z. N. Hurston Moses xii. 119 By the way, that oldest girl of mine is named Zipporah. 1990 Yankee May 123/1 She is a tough cookie, born in Jersey City, New Jersey, the oldest of nine children. Compounds oldest inhabitant n. humorous a person of long standing or experience in a community; an aged person. ΚΠ 1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 358 Now, Sir, as I was assured, from every inquiry I could possibly make, that so remarkable an instance of atmospherical refraction had never been witnessed by the oldest inhabitant of Hastings, nor by any of the numerous visitors.] 1822 W. Irving Storm Ship in Bracebridge Hall II. 289 In a word, it was one of those unparalleled storms that only happen once within the memory of that venerable personage, known in all towns by the appellation of ‘the oldest inhabitant’. 1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. Introd. 13 The whereabouts of the Oldest Inhabitant was at once settled, when I looked at them. 1914 ‘I. Hay’ Lighter Side School Life iv. 105 The Wag and the Oldest Inhabitant are usually permitted to offer observations. 1950 ‘J. Tey’ To love & be Wise xv. 196 The Oldest Inhabitant..was a vain old party but he was the representative..of..Race Memory. 1996 Sunday Mirror (Nexis) 13 Oct. (Sport section) 55 Only us oldest inhabitants of the Wembley press box can still recall Gazza's greatest England night. oldest profession n. euphemistic prostitution. ΚΠ 1922 A. Woollcott Shouts & Murmurs ii. 57 The Actor and the Streetwalker... The two oldest professions in the world—ruined by amateurs. 1936 Times Lit. Suppl. 18 Apr. 338/4 Blackham has attempted a comprehensive survey of the activities of womankind from ‘the oldest profession’ to the magistracy. 1994 R. Hendrickson Happy Trails 33 Here, along three city blocks..,the ‘brides of the multitudes’ practiced the oldest profession. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.a1425
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