pardn.¹

Brit.

/pɑːd/, U.S.

/pɑrd/

Forms: Old English pardes (plural), Old English pardus (plural), Middle English paard, Middle English–1500s parde, Middle English–1500s perde, Middle English– pard.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin pardus; French pard, parde.

Etymology: Originally < classical Latin pardus leopard or panther, probably < Hellenistic Greek πάρδος (although this is first attested slightly later), or directly < its etymon ancient Greek πάρδαλις pardal n.; subsequently reinforced by Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French †pard, masculine (15th cent.; also c1390 as part ; < classical Latin pardus : see above), and Old French, Middle French parde, feminine (13th cent.; < post-classical Latin parda female panther (5th–6th cent.)), both in sense ‘panther’. Compare Catalan part (1272 in an apparently isolated attestation), Old Occitan part (c1350), Spanish pardo (1326 or earlier), Italian pardo (a1374; now literary), and also Middle Dutch pardus , Middle Low German pard , parde , part , Old High German pardo (Middle High German parde , part , German †Pard , †Parde ). Compare leopard n.

1. A panther, a leopard; (also) an animal resembling these. Now archaic.Frequently with allusion to Shakespeare's use (see quot. a1616).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > [noun] > genus Panthera > panthera pardus (leopard or panther)

pantherOE

pardOE

leoparda1290

catamountain?a1475

pardal1553

tiger1604

mountain cat1625

catamount1664

pardalis1687

black panther1789

guepard1882

OE tr. Alexander's Let. to Aristotle (1995) §16. 234 Ofer ealle þa niht ðe we ferdon þæt us symle leon & beran & tigris & pardus & wulfas ure ehtan.

OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 54 Hwæt ða God geworhte..ða swiftan tigres and ða syllican pardes, and ða egeslican beran and ða ormætan ylpas.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Jer. v. 6 Þese..haþ smyten hem a leoun fro þe wode..a pard wakinge vp on þe cites of hem.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11630 (MED) Leon yode þam als Imid, And pardes als þe dragons did.

c1440 Prose Life Alexander (Thornton) (1913) 69 (MED) Wilde Beste..come apon þam..lyones, beres, vnycornes, tygres, and pardez.

c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1905) III. Apoc. xiii. 2 The beest, quham I saw, was like a pard.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 150 Then, a Soldier, Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the Pard .

1657 W. Morice Coena quasi Κοινὴ Def. xxiv. 240 As mute..as a..Dogg bitten by a Pard.

1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 616 Sudden, our bands a spotted Pard restrain.

1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 363 The lion ramped: the pard sported.

1820 J. Keats Ode to Nightingale in Lamia & Other Poems 109 I will fly to thee, Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards.

1845 J. H. Ingraham Scarlet Feather ix. 58 With the tread of the velvet-footed pard when he creeps upon his prey.

1907 Daily Chron. 3 July 4/6 But who is that ‘pard’ who is so proverbially ‘bearded’?.. The bearded pard has slipped into notoriety under false pretences. He is a mere panther, or leopard.

1969 V. Nabokov Ada ii. iii. 354 The handmaids pounced upon them like pards.

1984 G. Jennings Journeyer 361 Their shaggy little packhorse were heaped with the baled pelts of fox, wolf, pard,..and the goral.

2. Heraldry. A representation of this.

ΚΠ

a1552 in Collectanea Topographica & Genealogica (1843) VIII. 321 Sir Robert married Constantia, said to be a lady of low origin in Cheshire; but..her coat, A[rgent] a fess dancette between three pard's faces.

1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Douce 170) (1888) i. vii. 99 His silkenn standard..which blazd a lion, pard, and prowlinge beare, in a feild gewles.

1830 ‘R. Stuart’ Dict. Archit. I. at Antics In architecture..grotesque ornaments of all kinds, as lions and pards with acanthus' tails, or any other tails but their own proper ones; human forms with similar ridiculous appendages.

1988 T. Woodcock & J. M. Robinson Oxf. Guide Heraldry 64 The distinction between the pard and the panther is slight, being in whiteness of spots, and they both signify an original bearer of the arms who was not free-born.

Derivatives

ˈpard-like adj. and adv.

ΚΠ

1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xxxii. 17 A pardlike Spirit beautiful and swift.

1933 J. Wheelwright Rock & Shell iv. 75 Shelley, who was too much like thee, O Wind. The pard-like spirit, who said that he was pard-like.

2002 Times (Nexis) 30 July 36 Fredericks did his old gunslinger act to perfection before the start—pacing, pard-like, and not blinking at all.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pardn.²

Brit.

/pɑːd/, U.S.

/pɑrd/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: pardner n.

Etymology: Shortened < pardner n.

colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.).

A partner, esp. a male partner; a comrade, a mate. Frequently as a form of address.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun]

yferec870

brothereOE

ymonec950

headlingOE

ferec975

fellowOE

friendOE

eveningOE

evenlinglOE

even-nexta1225

compeerc1275

monec1300

companiona1325

partnerc1330

peerc1330

neighbour?c1335

falec1380

matec1380

makec1385

companya1425

sociatec1430

marrow1440

partyc1443

customera1450

conferec1450

pareil?c1450

comparcionerc1475

resortc1475

socius1480

copartner?1504

billy?a1513

accomplice1550

panion1553

consorterc1556

compartner1564

co-mate1576

copemate1577

competitor1579

consociate1579

coach-companion1589

comrade1591

consort1592

callant1597

comrado1598

associate1601

coach-fellow1602

rival1604

social1604

concomitanta1639

concerner1639

consociator1646

compane1647

societary1652

bor1677

socius1678

interessora1687

companioness1691

rendezvouser1742

connection1780

frater1786

matey1794

pardner1795

left bower1829

running mate1867

stable companion1868

pard1872

buddy1895

maat1900

bro1922

stable-mate1941

bredda1969

Ndugu1973

1872 ‘M. Twain’ Roughing It xlvii. 336 He was the bulliest man in the mountains, pard!

1887 A. A. Hayes Jesuit's Ring 300 Don't go back on your old pard.

1927 Z. Grey in Country Gentleman Apr. 35/1 Say, ole pard, you used to be shy of skirts!

1984 New Yorker 23 Apr. 45/3 Mariana slapped my chest. ‘Settle down there, pard.’

1990 B. Burrough & J. Helyar Barbarians at Gate i. 22 If Johnson didn't have a nickname for someone, he addressed them with the generic ‘pards’, as in ‘pardner’.

2007 A. M. Kent in H. L. C. Tristram Celtic Langs. in Contact 207 The friendly man said, ‘A'right pard?’ [Alright friend?] to everyone who walked past. Most of the non-Cornish crew ignored him, not understanding, I suspect, even what he was saying.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pard
释义	pardn.¹ Brit. /pɑːd/, U.S. /pɑrd/ Forms: Old English pardes (plural), Old English pardus (plural), Middle English paard, Middle English–1500s parde, Middle English–1500s perde, Middle English– pard. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin pardus; French pard, parde. Etymology: Originally < classical Latin pardus leopard or panther, probably < Hellenistic Greek πάρδος (although this is first attested slightly later), or directly < its etymon ancient Greek πάρδαλις pardal n.; subsequently reinforced by Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French †pard, masculine (15th cent.; also c1390 as part ; < classical Latin pardus : see above), and Old French, Middle French parde, feminine (13th cent.; < post-classical Latin parda female panther (5th–6th cent.)), both in sense ‘panther’. Compare Catalan part (1272 in an apparently isolated attestation), Old Occitan part (c1350), Spanish pardo (1326 or earlier), Italian pardo (a1374; now literary), and also Middle Dutch pardus , Middle Low German pard , parde , part , Old High German pardo (Middle High German parde , part , German †Pard , †Parde ). Compare leopard n. 1. A panther, a leopard; (also) an animal resembling these. Now archaic.Frequently with allusion to Shakespeare's use (see quot. a1616). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > [noun] > genus Panthera > panthera pardus (leopard or panther) pantherOE pardOE leoparda1290 catamountain?a1475 pardal1553 tiger1604 mountain cat1625 catamount1664 pardalis1687 black panther1789 guepard1882 OE tr. Alexander's Let. to Aristotle (1995) §16. 234 Ofer ealle þa niht ðe we ferdon þæt us symle leon & beran & tigris & pardus & wulfas ure ehtan. OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 54 Hwæt ða God geworhte..ða swiftan tigres and ða syllican pardes, and ða egeslican beran and ða ormætan ylpas. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Jer. v. 6 Þese..haþ smyten hem a leoun fro þe wode..a pard wakinge vp on þe cites of hem. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11630 (MED) Leon yode þam als Imid, And pardes als þe dragons did. c1440 Prose Life Alexander (Thornton) (1913) 69 (MED) Wilde Beste..come apon þam..lyones, beres, vnycornes, tygres, and pardez. c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1905) III. Apoc. xiii. 2 The beest, quham I saw, was like a pard. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 150 Then, a Soldier, Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the Pard . View more context for this quotation 1657 W. Morice Coena quasi Κοινὴ Def. xxiv. 240 As mute..as a..Dogg bitten by a Pard. 1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 616 Sudden, our bands a spotted Pard restrain. 1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 363 The lion ramped: the pard sported. 1820 J. Keats Ode to Nightingale in Lamia & Other Poems 109 I will fly to thee, Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards. 1845 J. H. Ingraham Scarlet Feather ix. 58 With the tread of the velvet-footed pard when he creeps upon his prey. 1907 Daily Chron. 3 July 4/6 But who is that ‘pard’ who is so proverbially ‘bearded’?.. The bearded pard has slipped into notoriety under false pretences. He is a mere panther, or leopard. 1969 V. Nabokov Ada ii. iii. 354 The handmaids pounced upon them like pards. 1984 G. Jennings Journeyer 361 Their shaggy little packhorse were heaped with the baled pelts of fox, wolf, pard,..and the goral. 2. Heraldry. A representation of this. ΚΠ a1552 in Collectanea Topographica & Genealogica (1843) VIII. 321 Sir Robert married Constantia, said to be a lady of low origin in Cheshire; but..her coat, A[rgent] a fess dancette between three pard's faces. 1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Douce 170) (1888) i. vii. 99 His silkenn standard..which blazd a lion, pard, and prowlinge beare, in a feild gewles. 1830 ‘R. Stuart’ Dict. Archit. I. at Antics In architecture..grotesque ornaments of all kinds, as lions and pards with acanthus' tails, or any other tails but their own proper ones; human forms with similar ridiculous appendages. 1988 T. Woodcock & J. M. Robinson Oxf. Guide Heraldry 64 The distinction between the pard and the panther is slight, being in whiteness of spots, and they both signify an original bearer of the arms who was not free-born. Derivatives ˈpard-like adj. and adv. ΚΠ 1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xxxii. 17 A pardlike Spirit beautiful and swift. 1933 J. Wheelwright Rock & Shell iv. 75 Shelley, who was too much like thee, O Wind. The pard-like spirit, who said that he was pard-like. 2002 Times (Nexis) 30 July 36 Fredericks did his old gunslinger act to perfection before the start—pacing, pard-like, and not blinking at all. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pardn.² Brit. /pɑːd/, U.S. /pɑrd/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: pardner n. Etymology: Shortened < pardner n. colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.). A partner, esp. a male partner; a comrade, a mate. Frequently as a form of address. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun] yferec870 brothereOE ymonec950 headlingOE ferec975 fellowOE friendOE eveningOE evenlinglOE even-nexta1225 compeerc1275 monec1300 companiona1325 partnerc1330 peerc1330 neighbour?c1335 falec1380 matec1380 makec1385 companya1425 sociatec1430 marrow1440 partyc1443 customera1450 conferec1450 pareil?c1450 comparcionerc1475 resortc1475 socius1480 copartner?1504 billy?a1513 accomplice1550 panion1553 consorterc1556 compartner1564 co-mate1576 copemate1577 competitor1579 consociate1579 coach-companion1589 comrade1591 consort1592 callant1597 comrado1598 associate1601 coach-fellow1602 rival1604 social1604 concomitanta1639 concerner1639 consociator1646 compane1647 societary1652 bor1677 socius1678 interessora1687 companioness1691 rendezvouser1742 connection1780 frater1786 matey1794 pardner1795 left bower1829 running mate1867 stable companion1868 pard1872 buddy1895 maat1900 bro1922 stable-mate1941 bredda1969 Ndugu1973 1872 ‘M. Twain’ Roughing It xlvii. 336 He was the bulliest man in the mountains, pard! 1887 A. A. Hayes Jesuit's Ring 300 Don't go back on your old pard. 1927 Z. Grey in Country Gentleman Apr. 35/1 Say, ole pard, you used to be shy of skirts! 1984 New Yorker 23 Apr. 45/3 Mariana slapped my chest. ‘Settle down there, pard.’ 1990 B. Burrough & J. Helyar Barbarians at Gate i. 22 If Johnson didn't have a nickname for someone, he addressed them with the generic ‘pards’, as in ‘pardner’. 2007 A. M. Kent in H. L. C. Tristram Celtic Langs. in Contact 207 The friendly man said, ‘A'right pard?’ [Alright friend?] to everyone who walked past. Most of the non-Cornish crew ignored him, not understanding, I suspect, even what he was saying. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹OEn.²1872
随便看	renversing renversé renvoi renvois renvoy renvoys reobjectivize reobjectivized reoblige reobservation reobserve reobserved reobserves reobserving reobtain reobtainable reobtained reobtainer reobtaining reobtainment reobtains reocclusion reoccupation reoccupations reoccupied

pardn.1

Derivatives

pardn.2

pardn.¹

pardn.²