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parsleyn. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin petresilium; French persil, persilie. Etymology: In α. forms < post-classical Latin petresilium (9th cent.), an unexplained alteration of classical Latin petroselīnum parsley (see petroselinum n.). In β. forms reborrowed < Anglo-Norman persil, persille, percile, persile, percil, persel, peressil and Middle French persil (1328; 12th cent. in Old French as perresil , 13th cent. as paresil ; French persil ) < post-classical Latin petresilium (see above), with loss of suffix. In γ. forms either < Anglo-Norman persilie (c1200 in an apparently isolated attestation; < post-classical Latin petresilium (see above)), or a blend of the β and α forms. The δ. forms probably represent shortenings of the γ. forms. Post-classical Latin petresilium was also borrowed into other Germanic languages at an early date, compare Middle Dutch petercelle, petersilie, petrocelie, etc. (Dutch peterselie), Middle Low German pētersilie, Old High German pētarseli, pētersil (Middle High German pētrosil, pētersil, pētersilie, etc., German Petersilie), Old Swedish petersilia, persilia, etc. (early modern Swedish petersilja, petrosilja, etc., Swedish persilja), Danish persille, †petersilie. Compare also Italian petrosello (a1338).The forms passley, pasley reflect early assimilatory loss of r before s (see E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §401(c)). 1. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > parsley the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > parsley α. eOE (Royal) (1865) ii. xxii. 206 Þa wyrt petersilian, & dile, & merces sæd oððe wyrttruman mid hunige sele þu him ælce dæge drincan. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius (Vitell.) (1984) cxxix. 166 Ðas wyrte man..petroselinum nemneþ, & eac hy sume men þam gelice petersilie [?a1200 Harl. 6258B wætersylie] hateþ. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 242 Petrosili [a1450 Bodl. Petrosilye] hatte petrosilium and is an herbe þat groweþ in gardyns and haþ good smelle. a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 276 (MED) Whanne..þou wotist wel it ben signes of þe stoon, first þou schalt make him a clisterie wiþ a decoccioun of herbis þat ben mollificatif & duretik, as..petrosilij, scolopendrie, spergi. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 148v Wiþ þe same boiled on þe morne..wiþ a litil petrosile. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > parsley 1731–45 P. Miller 79 The large-rooted Dutch Parsley. c1786 J. Abercrombie 76 Hamburgh or large-rooted parsley—sow a full crop..for its roots in autumn. 1842 J. C. Loudon iii. v. 653 The Hamburgh parsley, Apium petroselinum tuberosum Bon Jard., is a biennial, resembling the common parsley, but with much larger, less curled leaves. 1890 24 45 The Hamburg parsley is grown for its roots, which are used as parsnips are. 1921 48 9 The tests included the plain leaved parsley (two varieties), the curly-leaved type and the Hamburg or turnip-rooted parsley. 1978 J. Grigson (1983) 264 The turnip-rooted parsley seems to have been even less successful than the turnip-rooted celery. 1997 J. G. Vaughan & C. Geissler 156/1 There are three forms of cultivated parsley:..(3) Hamburg parsley—a plain-leaved form with a tuberous root. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > parsley 1842 J. C. Loudon v. 681 The Naples parsley, syn. celery parsley (Persil-celeri, Fr.), appears to be a hybrid between the common broad-leaved parsley and the celery. 1921 48 9 The tests included the plain leaved parsley (two varieties), the curly-leaved type and the Hamburg or turnip-rooted parsley. 1956 (Royal Hort. Soc.) (ed. 2) III. 1487/2 Neapolitan or celery-leaved parsley is grown in the same way as Celery and blanched for the use of its leaf-stalks in the same way. 1988 L. Bremness 108 (caption) P. c. ‘Neapolitanum’ Italian, or French parsley. Flat, cut, dark green leaves. 1992 A. Bell tr. M. Toussaint-Samat xv. 533 There are two kinds of parsley in culinary use: flat-leaved parsley, which has a stronger flavour, and the more common curled parsley. 2002 10 Nov. (Food Monthly Suppl.) 53/4 Char-grilled calamari with arugula and flat-leaf parsley? 2. With distinguishing word. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > other umbellifers a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 556/12 Closera, alisaundre, wilde percil. ?c1450 in (1896) 18 326 Wylde persyle most is he lik. 1548 T. Cooper (rev. ed.) Caucalis,..an herbe like fenel with a white flowre and short stalke, and is supposed to come of naughtye persely seede. It is also called bastarde persely. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens v. xliii. 607 The Auncientes haue alwayes described a kinde whiche they name Mountayne Parsely..albeit it be nowe growen out of knowledge. 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) ii. 1022 Caucalis minor flosculis rubentibus..I haue thought good to call Hedge, or field Parsley. 1657 W. Coles 290 It is a kind of Parsly, growing naturally in Marshy places..it is called Smallage and Marsh Parsly. 1706 (new ed.) Macedonian Parsley, otherwise called Alisanders, one of the Furnitures of Winter-Sallets. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 246 The Oenanthe of Lobel is called in English Wilde Parsley. 1861 A. Pratt VI. 168 Curled Rock-brake, Mountain Parsley, or Rock Parsley. 1891 D. Jordan & J. A. Owen xi. 105 Water-cress and a thick growing plant they called water-parsley. 1937 18 954 The following species were described from specimens collected on Mount Rainer:..Mountain Parsley (Hesperogenia Stricklandii). 1954 E. Taylor 58 She drove on, brushing the cow-parsley in the ditch, swerving as a bird flew up suddenly. 1996 R. Mabey 285/1 The sequence of wayside ‘parsleys’..is that cow parsley is followed by..rough chervil, Chaerophyllum temulum.., and the upright hedge-parsley, Torilis japonica. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > seseli 1526 ccxciv. sig. Qviv/1 Macedony is a countre and this herbe be strammarche is called percely of Macedony or Alexandre. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens v. xliv. 607–8 Of stone Parsely..The whiche..is the true Parsely, called by the name of the place, where as it groweth most plentifully, Parsely of Macedonie. 1649 N. Culpeper 127 Take of..the seeds of Bazil, Burs, Parsly of Macedonia, Seseli,..of each two drams. 1684 S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Pharmaceutice Rationalis in (rev. ed.) 66 Take of the Leaves of Chervil, and Parsley of Macedonia, each three handfuls. 1727 S. Switzer v. xlviii. 252 The petroselinum Macedonicum verum, or true parsley of Macedonia..the best of winter sallets, which must be whitned like wild endive or succory. 1787 II. 27 The True Parsley of Macedonia. This parsley has many winged leaves, which are composed of more and rounder sections than the common parsley. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > North American 1936 J. M. Winter 85 C[ogswellia] orientale [sic]..White-flowered Parsley... C. foeniculacea..Hairy parsley. 1940 J. A. Steyermark 397 Hairy Parsley (Lomatium daucifolium). 1987 K. Kindscher 147 Prairie parsley is one of the first prairie plants to bloom in the spring. Compounds C1. a. 1648 R. Herrick sig. L4 No more shall I from mantle-trees hang downe, To honour thee, my little Parsly crown. 1743 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace II. iv. xi. 223 And in my Garden, for thy Head, My Parsly Crowns their Verdure spread. 1887 June 185/2 It is a rare privilege, too,—the opportunity to do one's utmost for no other reward than the parsley crown. c1425 Edward, Duke of York (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 55 Take of lekes þe leeues..and percel leeues. 1779 (Royal Soc.) 68 1087 Parsley leaves, the effect of their effluvia upon air. 1861 I. M. Beeton v. 237 Sometimes, in the middle of winter, parsley-leaves are not to be had. 1995 (Royal Hort. Soc.) Nov. p. xcviii/3 (advt.) Blackberries & hybrids... Oregon thornless—Firm, medium sized shiny berries. Foliage has an attractive bright green ‘parsley-leaf’ appearance. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pie > [noun] > vegetable pie 1830 W. Clarke 137 Had we not, also, parsley-pie? 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore I. 79/2 In Cornwall it is..largely used in parsley pies, which are peculiar to that part of England. 1876 M. E. Braddon I. vii. 215 A parsley-pie..in which tender young chickens nestled in a bed of parsley and cream. 1824 Jan. 38/2 Lay a few parsley sprigs about the venison dish. 1865 Mrs. Goodfellow 62 Garnish it with mashed white potatoes and parsley sprigs. 1977 (Nexis) 17 July (Mag. section) 15 The lovely cocktail glasses..had three divine, rose-pink shrimps snuggling up to a lemon wedge and topped with a parsley sprig. 1996 3 June 75/3 Garnish with red capsicum curls, fresh sage leaves and parsley sprigs. 1916 T. Hardy 75 I idly cut a parsley stalk, And blew therein towards the moon. 1960 E. Kendall in Jan. 90/2 Put in the..onion, carrot, chopped celery and parsley stalks. 1991 Mar. 68/1 Put..the peppercorns, parsley stalks and wine in a pan and bring to the boil. a1618 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas (1621) i. i. 11 Her glorious head is compast with a Crown, Not made of Olive, Pine, or Lawrell bough, Nor Parsly Wreath, which Grecians did allow Th'Olympian games for signals of renown. a1771 C. Smart (1791) 207 To-day we wear our acorn crown, The parsley wreath be thine; it is most meet We grace the presence of these rival gods With all the honours of our woodland weeds. 1899 15 July 192/2 One of the maidens here handed a flower or a parsley wreath to her lover. 1994 66 355 At the end of ‘The Prologue’ Bradstreet asks not for ‘bays’, but only for a humble, housewifely ‘Thyme or parsley wreath’ as recognition of her worth. b. 1920 E. Sitwell 31 Face as white as any clock's Cased in parsley-dark curled locks. 1844 W. M. Thackeray Greenish Whitebait in (1900) XIII. 616 A single silver-breasted fishlet floats in the yellow parsley-flavoured wave. 1992 18 Oct. ii. 8/3 A dish of roasted cod..served with startlingly green parsley-and-garlic-flavored mashed potatoes. 1714 (Royal Soc.) 28 186 Parsly-leaved, Tooth'd Marygold. 1753 Suppl. at Cratægus The jagged-leav'd cratægus, called the parsley-leav'd medlar, and the sorbus torminalis. 1816–20 T. Green II. 260 Paullinia Polyphylla; Parsley-leaved Paullinia, or Supple Jack. 1991 45 40/2 The parsley-leaved peas also lack stipules and tendrils. C2. 1725 R. Bradley at October Apples now in prime..are the..Costard Lordling Parsley Apples. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > parsley-piert 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) App. 1594 In the West countrey about Bristow they call this Herbe Percepier; but our herbe women in Cheapside know it by the name of Parsley Breakestone. 1728 R. Bradley Polygonum selinoides, Parsleypert, or Parsley Breakstone. 1825 J. Jamieson Suppl. Parslie Break-stone, Parsley-Piert. 1895 W. Rye 158 Parsley Breakstone, the common saxifrage. 1961 E. Salisbury vi. 152 The common name [of Aphanes arvensis] is apparently a corruption of the French ‘Percepierre’. Another of its names expresses the same belief in its value as a remedy for the stone, that of ‘Parsley Breakstone’. 1723 J. Nott sig. G3 To make Parsley, Sage, Thyme, Savoury or Lemon Thyme Butter. Clarify your Butter..mix it with a little of the Chymical Oil of any of the Herbs. 1989 A. Aird 161 Main courses such as fried skate wings with lemon, capers and parsley butter. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Papilionidae > genus Papilio > papilio polyxenes asterius (parsley butterfly) 1889 S. H. Scudder II. 1353 Papilio Polyxenes.—The black swallow-tail... Parsley butterfly (Emmons). the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > febrifuge or antipyretic > [noun] > plant-derived 1879 H. Watts VIII. 118 Apiol, or Parsley Camphor, is a crystalline substance, extracted..by distilling parsley-seeds with water. 1949 IX. 233/1 The German essential oil is often a semi-solid mass of apiole crystals, ‘parsley camphor’. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Papilionidae > genus Papilio > papilio polyxenes asterius (parsley butterfly) > larva of a1856 T. W. Harris (1862) 637/2 Parsley-caterpillars. 1926 E. O. Essig xxvii. 634 The western parsley caterpillar, Papilio zelicaon,..is yellow or orange and black. 1962 C. L. Metcalf & W. P. Flint (ed. 4) xiv. 675 In the West it [sc. the parsleyworm] is replaced by the western parsley caterpillar. the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > names applied to various ferns the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > other ferns 1777 J. Lightfoot II. 655 [Osmunda crispa] Crisped Fern. Parsley Fern. Anglis. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore I. 489/2 Fern, Parsley, Allosorus crispus; also sometimes applied to Athyrium Filix-fœmina crispum. 1990 (Royal Hort. Soc.) June 306/1 One such is the parsley fern (Cryptogramma crispa) whose fresh green enlivens so many spoil heaps in the North Wales slate country. 1993 II. 139/1 Cryptogramma acrostichoides... American parsley fern. the world > animals > amphibians > order Anura or Salienta (frogs and toads) > [noun] > types of frog or toad > suborder Anomocoela > member of family Pelobatidae (spade-foot) 1897 577 (title) On the structure and development of the hypobranchial skeleton of the Parsley-Frog. 1934 J. Fletcher tr. J. Rostand vii. 72 In a pond near Paris..the larvae of the Common Frog were in the North and West;..those of the Parsley Frog, the South-east. 1986 T. R. Halliday & K. Adler 46/1 The parsley frogs (subfamily Pelodytinae) are so called because the speckled green on the backs of some species resembles chopped parsley. the world > food and drink > food > additive > colouring agents > [noun] 1845 E. Acton (ed. 2) iv. 127 (heading) Parsley Green, For Colouring Sauces. Gather a quantity of young parsley,..pound it in a mortar,..set it into a pan of boiling water. 1852 Mar. 271 Haws of five kinds, viz.: black, red, May, hog, and parsley haw. 1884 C. S. Sargent i. 81 Parsley Haw... Southern Virginia,..extending west through the Gulf states to southern Arkansas and..Texas. 1963 69 354 Rosaceae... C. marshallii Eggleston. Parsley haw. Rich noncalcareous woods, infrequent. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > elder > [noun] 1731 P. Miller I. at Sambucus The Cut or Parsley-leav'd Elder. 1838 J. C. Loudon II. 1028 The Parsley-leaved Elder; has the leaflets cut into fine segments. 1904 E. Step 125 An Elder with its leaflets deeply cut into very slender lobes..is an escape from cultivation—a garden variety (laciniata) known as the Cut-leaved or Parsley-leaved Elder. 1813 H. Muhlenberg 49 Crataegus apiifolia. Parsley-leaved hawthorn. 1884 W. Miller 183/2 Cratægus Azarolus, Azarole Thorn, Neapolitan Medlar, Parsley-leaved Haw-thorn. 1976 F. H. Elmore 146 Acerola, the tiny applelike fruit of parsley-leaved hawthorn is richer in natural Vitamin C than any other fruit. 1819 25 June 100 I..shall..return to the Virginia, or as Marshall terms it, the parsley-leaved thorn, which is easily propagated from seed. 1892 A. C. Apgar 105 Crataegus apiifolia. (Parsley-leaved Thorn.) 1956 (Royal Hort. Soc.) (ed. 2) II. 568/2 C. apiifolia. Parsley-leaved Thorn. Shrub or small tree, 10 to 20 ft. 1994 M. Griffiths 310/2 C. apiifolia... Parsley-leaved Thorn. Shrub or small tree 3–7m. 1731 P. Miller I. at Vitis The Parsley-leav'd Grape. This sort was originally brought from Canada..and is preserved in the gardens of the curious, for the variety of its leaves.] 1785 H. Marshall 166 Vitis laciniosa. Canadian Parsley-leaved Vine. 1900 W. Robinson (ed. 8) 867/2 Var. apiifolia is the Parsley-leaved Vine. a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in (1944) 16 7 For the ree to goshauke: Take a dase, and stampe it in a morter, and wring oute þe jus, and with a penne put it in to þe haukes naris..To a sperhawke take perseley morys in the same maner. 1486 sig. biij Take the Juce of percelly Moris otherwise calde percelly Rootis. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler (1919) 227 For þe dropsy..take a grete quantite of water-crassun and halfe so moche of sawge..and persly-rotis and browne fenell..and sethe þes herbys..and drynke at mete and at soper. ?a1500 in G. Henslow (1899) 73 For to make aque vite: Take sauge and fynel-rotes and persely-rotes and rosmaryne and tyme and lauendre, of euerech lyche moche, [etc.]. 1759 W. Verral 105 Parsley roots, and leaves of ditto. a1839 J. Smith (1840) 245 Add to George Lambe a sable snipe, Conjoin with Captain Morris tripe By parsley-roots made denser. 1914 F. B. Jack 100/1 Put the trimmings into a saucepan with the water, peppercorns, mace, parsley roots, and salt to taste. 1990 31 Mar. 41/6 Turnip-rooted parsley, Petroselinum hortense var tuberosum (also known as Hamburg parsley, or parsley root). the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > other sauces 1836 E. Copley ii. v. 359 Parsley Sauce. Boil a bunch of green parsley in salt and water for five minutes; when done, chop it fine, put in half a pint of bechamel sauce, or good melted butter. 1965 R. Carrier ii. 90 (heading) English parsley sauce. 1998 N. Lawson (1999) 22 I sometimes add 1 egg yolk and 2–3 tablespoons double cream to make a more voluptuous parsley sauce—especially good with poached smoked fish and mashed potato. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > grape-vine > types of 1648 J. Bobart 54 Vitis Selinoides, Parsly Vine. 1653 R. Austen 58 I know none so good, and fit for our Climate as the Parsley Vine. 1926 E. Walrond Drought in S. Brown & S. Wickham (1999) 31 I can't even get water to drink, much mo' grow onions or green peas. Look outside. Look in the yard. Look at the parsley vines. 1993 Oct. 31/2 The parsley vine (V. vinifera ‘Apiifolia’) makes a frilly backdrop for smooth fountains of maiden grass..and spiky sheaves of Crocosmia. 1796 W. Withering (ed. 3) II. 303 Parsley Dropwort. Slow streams, ponds, and ditches.] 1863 A. Irvine 590 Œ. pimpinelloides, Linn. Parsley Water-Dropwort. 1961 R. Butcher I. 863 Œnanthe lachenalii Gmel. This Parsley Water Dropwort is a stout, green perennial with a branched, glabrous, striate stem. 1992 M. Atherden ix. 163 They include wetland species, such as amphibious bistort, common spike-rush and parsley water-dropwort, mixed with maritime ones. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Papilionidae > genus Papilio > papilio polyxenes asterius (parsley butterfly) > larva of 1842 T. W. Harris 211 In the month of June, there may be found, on the leaves of the parsley and carrot, certain caterpillars, more commonly called parsley-worms. 1962 C. L. Metcalf & W. P. Flint (ed. 4) xiv. 675 (heading) Black swallowtail butterfly, celeryworm, or parsleyworm. 1993 R. H. Arnett ii. xxvii. 534/2 P. polyxenes Fabricius (Black Swallowtail; Parsleyworm; Celeryworm)... Larvae..are sometimes a pest on celery and parsley. Derivatives 1899 Feb. 328 Overtopping not only its own parsley-like leaves, but most other leaves and sprays in its neighbourhood. 1903 C. T. Druery 37 Its [sc. Parsley Fern's] popular name indicates its somewhat Parsley-like appearance, the barren fronds being crispy. 1987 T. Conover v. 171 The vendor spoons a line of filling into each tortilla, sprinkles it with tasty, parsleylike cilantro, folds the tortilla in half. 2000 J. Cummings 267/1 Phàk chii faràng a strong parsley-like leaf known in English as ‘sawtooth coriander’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.eOE |
