| 释义 |
oppressionn. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French oppression; Latin oppressiōn-, oppressiō. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman oppression, oppressione, oppressioun, appressioun, and Middle French, French oppression violence, harm (c1175 in Old French in plural), overwhelming task (c1190 in Old French), violation (15th cent. in an isolated attestation), pressure (c1430), fact of overcoming by violence, state of being overcome (1487), constriction, affliction (1659 in a medical context), and its etymon classical Latin oppressiōn-, oppressiō the action of overpowering, suppression, stifling, in post-classical Latin also injury, harm (Vulgate, in plural), constriction, affliction (5th cent.) < oppress- , past participial stem of opprimere (see oppress v.) + -iō -ion suffix1. Compare Italian oppressione (a1348 in sense ‘act of oppressing, state of being oppressed’), Spanish opresión (1385 or earlier in sense ‘political oppression, tyranny’).The following quotation appears in Middle English Dict. s.v. with a date of 1334 and Rolls of Parliament as the source:1657 W. Prynne Exact Abridgem. Rec. Tower of London 15 Remedy may be had against oppressions of the Clergy for Probates of Wills and Citations for trifles. As an editorial note in Rolls of Parl. II. 376/2 explains, the rolls of parliament of that time were kept in French, and the roll containing this particular quotation has been lost since the times of Elizabeth I and James I. The action of oppressing; the condition of being oppressed. the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > oppression, persecution, or affliction the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > condition of being oppressed > [noun] the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > condition of being oppressed > [noun] > action of oppressing the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > condition of being oppressed > [noun] > oppressed feeling a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. xl. 9 Deþ, blood, strijf, & twei bitinge swerd, oppressiouns [a1425 L.V. oppressyngis; L. oppressiones], hungris, & to-treding, & scourgis. c1450 J. Lydgate Dietary (Sloane) 69 in (1918) 42 190 (MED) Ouer-salt mete doth grete oppressioun To febull stomakes. c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock (1921) 94 (MED) Al þis lijf be foule, peynful, careful..and al þis..for pouerte and oppressioun. 1583 P. Stubbes 174 To play at tables, cards.., or the like..after some oppression of studie. 1597 W. Shakespeare i. iv. 13 My hart..taught me craft, To counterfaite oppression of such griefe, That words seemd buried in my sorrowes graue. View more context for this quotation 1613 S. Purchas 602 The outward members are forced to yeeld their bloud, to succour any sudden oppression of the heart. 1710 R. Steele No. 168. ⁋6 He..who performs nothing through the Oppression of his Modesty. 1749 D. Hartley i. ii. 167 Dreams, Agitations, and Oppressions, that Excess in Diet occasions in the Night. 1786 T. Jefferson in (1954) X. 48 The officers..felt with great oppression of mind the approach of that moment which was to separate them. 1800 H. Davy iv. i. 466 I perceived a disagreeable oppression of the chest, which obliged me to respire very quickly. 1853 F. D. Maurice iv. 62 With this oppression..came the drying up of all the moisture and freshness of life, the parching heat of fever. 1878 T. Hardy III. v. ix. 232 By no effort could he shake off the oppression of spirits which he had experienced ever since his last meeting with Eustacia. 1961 B. Pym ix. 82 The stultifying oppression of the suburbs seemed particularly heavy on this early winter evening. 1988 A. Desai iv. 124 Baumgartner found any relationship at all a relief from the oppression of solitude. 2001 B. Riemschneider & U. Grosenick 168 The sense of oppression that often accompanies Wall's representation of social relationships. 2. society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [noun] 1387–8 Petition London Mercers in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt (1931) 34 Many wronges subtiles & and also open oppressions ydo to hem. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) 2541 (MED) Ministres to seelde hem wel gouerne; Oppressioun regneth in euery herne. a1500 (?c1440) J. Lydgate Horse, Goose & Sheep (Lansd.) 585 in (1934) ii. 563 (MED) Poetis of old fablis have contryvid..Vndir covert tyrauntis eeke reprevid Ther oppressiouns & malis to chastise. 1588 P. Jones sig. H2 Who..doe applie themselues to oppression..by excoriating or skinning the poore man. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. ii. 169 You would haue sold your King to slaughter,..His Subiects to oppression, and contempt. View more context for this quotation 1656 T. Stanley II. iv. 12 She was in danger of oppression by the Magistrates. 1679 Kirkcudbright Town Council Rec. 29 Oct. in (1983) V. 99/1 His grosse and intolerabill oppressioune committed be him wpon the inhabitants. 1729 Bp. J. Butler Serm. Self-deceit in (1874) II. 126 There is not a word in our language which expresses more detestable wickedness than oppression. 1796 E. Burke Let. to Dr. Hussey in (1844) IV. 397 You and I hate Jacobinism as we hate the gates of hell. Why? Because it is a system of oppression. 1822 J. Montgomery (hymn) i He comes to break oppression, To set the captive free. 1858 J. A. Froude (ed. 2) III. xiii. 95 The law itself had been made an instrument of oppression. 1910 I. 916/1 The..oppression of the masses by the ‘beautiful aristocracies’. 1948 A. Huxley (1949) 2 Gandhi..just couldn't do anything but resist oppression non-violently. 1993 Oct. 67/2 Innumerable feminists see men's oppression of women in all our personal and social relations. 1642 E. Coke (Magna Carta) 48 Every oppression against Law, by colour of any usurped authority, is a kinde of destruction... And it is the worst oppression, that is done by colour of Justice.] 1678 G. Mackenzie i. 325 It is oppression for Officers to extort the Leidges. 1740 M. Bacon III. 744 The Court of King's Bench will not quash an Indictment for Extortion or Oppression, tho' erroneous, but will oblige the Party to plead or demur to it. 1848 J. J. S. Wharton 474/2 Oppression, the trampling upon or bearing down a person, under pretence of law, which is unjust. 1953 J. Burke (ed. 3) III. 2002 Oppression means that there has been a disregard of the essentials of justice and the infliction of a penalty which is not properly related to the crime of which the party stands convicted. 1990 XI. 237 Oppression is an indictable offence punishable by imprisonment and fine at the discretion of the court. 1990 A. V. Sheehan 224 Oppression can take a variety of forms, but occurs when the accused is treated unfairly by the court to such an extent that he is entitled to gain relief. society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman > forcible c1395 G. Chaucer 889 By verray force he rafte hir maydenhed For which oppressioun..dampned was this knyght. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer 1868 Men may see and here The horryble dede of hir oppressyoun. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) 1754 (MED) How was þe tribe also of beniamyn Punysshid..ffor aduoutre..In þe abhomynable oppressioun Of þe leuytes wyfe. society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > [noun] > suppression or repression c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer 2592 With Venus and other oppressioun Of houses, Mars his venim is adoun. 1545 (STC 16034) sig. CC.ii That they may..iudge..to the oppression of wickednes. 1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus ix. f. 198v The Musicanes..rebelled, for the oppression of whome Python was sent thether. the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [noun] > weighing down 1490 W. Caxton tr. xxvii. 96 The tourment & flagitacyon wherof the see was bette in righte grete violence, by opressions of the shippes, that opressid her in their saillyng. 1597 W. Shakespeare iii. iv. 32 Yong dangling Aphricokes, Which like vnruly children make their sire, Stoope with oppression of their prodigall weight. 1667 J. Milton viii. 288 There gentle sleep..with soft oppression seis'd My droused sense. View more context for this quotation 1730 J. Thomson Summer in 76 Infant hands..with the fragrant load O'ercharg'd, amid the soft oppression roll. 1844 C. Dickens xlvi. 533 Mrs. Gamp..forced him backwards down the stairs by the mere oppression of her dead-weight. the world > the universe > heavenly body > [noun] > state of being visible > eclipse > by sun 1556 R. Record 196 The darkenynge or hidynge of the starre, whiche chaunce happeneth commonly to any starre being within 15 degrees of the Sonne..is called of many men Combustion. Other[s] contract the name of combustion to syxe degrees, and call this Oppression. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1382 |
