Nonyan.

Brit.

/ˈnəʊnjə/,

/ˈnɒnjə/, U.S.

/ˈnoʊnjə/

Forms: 1900s– Nona, 1900s– Nonya, 1900s– Nyonya. Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Malay. Partly a borrowing from Indonesian. Etymons: Malay nona; Malay nonya; Indonesian nona; Indonesian nonya, nyonya.

Etymology: Partly < Malay nona and its Indonesian equivalent nona single woman (also as nonah; cognate with Javanese nonah in the same sense), and partly < Malay nonya and its Indonesian equivalent nonya, nyonya married woman (also as nyonyah; cognate with Javanese nyonyah in the same sense). Further etymology uncertain.It has been suggested that the Malay and Indonesian word may be of Portuguese origin ( < a shortened form of Portuguese senhora senhora n. or an altered form of dona ). A more convincing theory is that is Chinese: it could be a reduplicated form (perhaps in a regional variant) of niáng ma, mum, mother, form of address for an elderly married woman, young woman, and thus equivalent to English mama (compare mama n.¹, mama n.²). Other Chinese, as well as mixed Chinese and Portuguese, origins have also been suggesed. It could equally be a native Malay and Indonesian word: see Tan Chee-Beng Baba of Melaka (1988) 13–14 and 26.

1. In the Malaysian and Indonesian region: a woman, esp. one of Chinese, Chinese and Malay, or other mixed descent; a Peranakan woman. Cf. Peranakan n.; cf. also Baba n.⁴The sense in quot. 1934 is not represented in later use and is perhaps a misunderstanding.

ΚΠ

1855 W. M. Gibson Prison of Weltevreden xx. 157 The lady of the great man, the nyonya, as a married woman is called.

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Nonya, in Java, the daughter of a Malay mother and European father.

1957 M. Freedman Chinese Family & Marriage in Singapore ii. 52 In the fourth room there were an elderly nyonya, her daughter, and the latter's husband and baby.

1978 J. Passmore All Asian Cookbk. (1979) 85/2 The offspring of marriages between Chinese settlers and Malay women..became known as Nonya (the females, who have given their name to the cuisine) and Baba (the males).

1993 National Geographic Traveler Mar.–Apr. 103/2 But Peranakan food is what Singaporeans know best. Nonyas, as Peranakan women are called (the men are called Babas), have long been famous for their expertise in the kitchen.

2000 Straits Times (Singapore) (Nexis) 11 Nov. 18 It is hard to think about geriatrics..engaging in sex, without cringing or having a major case of the ‘jijits’, as a young nonya friend describes it.

2. Cookery. In Malaysia and Singapore: a spicy Singaporean cuisine combining Malay and Chinese ingredients and techniques, esp. associated with the cooking traditions of the Peranakans. Usually attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [noun] > style of cooking > other styles

nouvelle cuisine1774

churrasco1917

kaiseki1920

Nonya1969

Cal-Mex1973

cuisine minceur1975

minceur1981

balti1982

1969 R. Brissenden S. E. Asian Food iv. 118 It is only quite recent migrations of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that have brought an imported Javanese ‘nona-style’ of cooking to Malaya.

1978 J. Passmore All Asian Cookbk. (1979) 85/2 Basically Malay in method and ingredients, the Nonya cuisine also utilises Chinese ingredients and cooking styles.

1993 Gourmet Jan. 91/1 Bak kut teh, a Nonya version of a Chinese dish of pork ribs cooked in an herb broth.

2000 N.Y. Times 18 Oct. f5/3 We ordered grilled shrimp skewers from an Indonesian stall, beef salad from a stall specializing in Thai food and a fried anchovy dish from a place serving nonya food, which blends Chinese and Malay traditions.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nonya
释义	Nonyan. Brit. /ˈnəʊnjə/, /ˈnɒnjə/, U.S. /ˈnoʊnjə/ Forms: 1900s– Nona, 1900s– Nonya, 1900s– Nyonya. Also with lower-case initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Malay. Partly a borrowing from Indonesian. Etymons: Malay nona; Malay nonya; Indonesian nona; Indonesian nonya, nyonya. Etymology: Partly < Malay nona and its Indonesian equivalent nona single woman (also as nonah; cognate with Javanese nonah in the same sense), and partly < Malay nonya and its Indonesian equivalent nonya, nyonya married woman (also as nyonyah; cognate with Javanese nyonyah in the same sense). Further etymology uncertain.It has been suggested that the Malay and Indonesian word may be of Portuguese origin ( < a shortened form of Portuguese senhora senhora n. or an altered form of dona ). A more convincing theory is that is Chinese: it could be a reduplicated form (perhaps in a regional variant) of niáng ma, mum, mother, form of address for an elderly married woman, young woman, and thus equivalent to English mama (compare mama n.¹, mama n.²). Other Chinese, as well as mixed Chinese and Portuguese, origins have also been suggesed. It could equally be a native Malay and Indonesian word: see Tan Chee-Beng Baba of Melaka (1988) 13–14 and 26. 1. In the Malaysian and Indonesian region: a woman, esp. one of Chinese, Chinese and Malay, or other mixed descent; a Peranakan woman. Cf. Peranakan n.; cf. also Baba n.⁴The sense in quot. 1934 is not represented in later use and is perhaps a misunderstanding. ΚΠ 1855 W. M. Gibson Prison of Weltevreden xx. 157 The lady of the great man, the nyonya, as a married woman is called. 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Nonya, in Java, the daughter of a Malay mother and European father. 1957 M. Freedman Chinese Family & Marriage in Singapore ii. 52 In the fourth room there were an elderly nyonya, her daughter, and the latter's husband and baby. 1978 J. Passmore All Asian Cookbk. (1979) 85/2 The offspring of marriages between Chinese settlers and Malay women..became known as Nonya (the females, who have given their name to the cuisine) and Baba (the males). 1993 National Geographic Traveler Mar.–Apr. 103/2 But Peranakan food is what Singaporeans know best. Nonyas, as Peranakan women are called (the men are called Babas), have long been famous for their expertise in the kitchen. 2000 Straits Times (Singapore) (Nexis) 11 Nov. 18 It is hard to think about geriatrics..engaging in sex, without cringing or having a major case of the ‘jijits’, as a young nonya friend describes it. 2. Cookery. In Malaysia and Singapore: a spicy Singaporean cuisine combining Malay and Chinese ingredients and techniques, esp. associated with the cooking traditions of the Peranakans. Usually attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [noun] > style of cooking > other styles nouvelle cuisine1774 churrasco1917 kaiseki1920 Nonya1969 Cal-Mex1973 cuisine minceur1975 minceur1981 balti1982 1969 R. Brissenden S. E. Asian Food iv. 118 It is only quite recent migrations of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that have brought an imported Javanese ‘nona-style’ of cooking to Malaya. 1978 J. Passmore All Asian Cookbk. (1979) 85/2 Basically Malay in method and ingredients, the Nonya cuisine also utilises Chinese ingredients and cooking styles. 1993 Gourmet Jan. 91/1 Bak kut teh, a Nonya version of a Chinese dish of pork ribs cooked in an herb broth. 2000 N.Y. Times 18 Oct. f5/3 We ordered grilled shrimp skewers from an Indonesian stall, beef salad from a stall specializing in Thai food and a fried anchovy dish from a place serving nonya food, which blends Chinese and Malay traditions. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1855
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