nitroniumn.

Brit.

/nʌɪˈtrəʊnɪəm/, U.S.

/naɪˈtroʊniəm/

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Nitronium.

Etymology: < German Nitronium (A. Hantzsch 1925, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 58 943) < nitro- nitro- comb. form + -onium -onium comb. form¹.

Chemistry.

a. The cation which was supposed to be formed by ionization of pure nitric acid and formulated as [NO(OH)₂] ⁺ or [N(OH)₃] ²⁺. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > ions, ionization, or electrolysis > [adjective] > of or relating to ions > relating to or consisting of cations > specific cations > formed by ionization of nitric acid

nitronium1925

1925 Chem. Abstr. 19 2312 The fairly high cond[uctivity] of pure HNO₃ is probably due not to ionization of H⁺ and NO₃⁻, but to formation of ‘nitronium nitrate’ [NO(OH)₂][NO₃] or [N(OH)₃][NO₃]₂.

b. The cation NO₂⁺, which is the nitrating agent present in mixtures of concentrated nitric acid with another strong acid, and is formed by dissociation of nitric acid itself. Usually attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > ions, ionization, or electrolysis > [adjective] > of or relating to ions > relating to or consisting of cations > specific cations

nitronium1946

1946 R. J. Gillespie et al. in Nature 5 Oct. 480/1 The freezing point evidence..provides an unambiguous proof that the cation into which nitric acid is actually converted in sulphuric acid is..the nitronium ion, NO₂⁺.

1961 Aeroplane 101 549/2 New oxidizers such as nitronium perchlorate are being applied experimentally in propellents containing well established binder systems.

1980 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 4) vi. 244 The ability of nitric acid to nitrate many organic compounds is attributable to the formation of the nitronium ion, NO₂⁺.

1991 Process Engin. Aug. 21/1 The traditional mixture of the two acids contains not only the active nitronium, NO₂⁺, but also a significant concentration of protons in the form of hydronium ions, H₃O⁺.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nitronium
释义	nitroniumn. Brit. /nʌɪˈtrəʊnɪəm/, U.S. /naɪˈtroʊniəm/ Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Nitronium. Etymology: < German Nitronium (A. Hantzsch 1925, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 58 943) < nitro- nitro- comb. form + -onium -onium comb. form¹. Chemistry. a. The cation which was supposed to be formed by ionization of pure nitric acid and formulated as [NO(OH)₂] ⁺ or [N(OH)₃] ²⁺. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > ions, ionization, or electrolysis > [adjective] > of or relating to ions > relating to or consisting of cations > specific cations > formed by ionization of nitric acid nitronium1925 1925 Chem. Abstr. 19 2312 The fairly high cond[uctivity] of pure HNO₃ is probably due not to ionization of H⁺ and NO₃⁻, but to formation of ‘nitronium nitrate’ [NO(OH)₂][NO₃] or [N(OH)₃][NO₃]₂. b. The cation NO₂⁺, which is the nitrating agent present in mixtures of concentrated nitric acid with another strong acid, and is formed by dissociation of nitric acid itself. Usually attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > ions, ionization, or electrolysis > [adjective] > of or relating to ions > relating to or consisting of cations > specific cations nitronium1946 1946 R. J. Gillespie et al. in Nature 5 Oct. 480/1 The freezing point evidence..provides an unambiguous proof that the cation into which nitric acid is actually converted in sulphuric acid is..the nitronium ion, NO₂⁺. 1961 Aeroplane 101 549/2 New oxidizers such as nitronium perchlorate are being applied experimentally in propellents containing well established binder systems. 1980 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 4) vi. 244 The ability of nitric acid to nitrate many organic compounds is attributable to the formation of the nitronium ion, NO₂⁺. 1991 Process Engin. Aug. 21/1 The traditional mixture of the two acids contains not only the active nitronium, NO₂⁺, but also a significant concentration of protons in the form of hydronium ions, H₃O⁺. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1925
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