mycobacteriumn.

Brit.

/ˌmʌɪkə(ʊ)bakˈtɪərɪəm/, U.S.

/ˈˌmaɪkoʊˌbækˈtɪriəm/

Inflections: Plural mycobacteria.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Mycobacterium.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Mycobacterium (K. B. Lehmann & R. O. Neumann Atlas u. Grundriss der Bakteriol. (1896) II. 108) < myco- myco- comb. form + bacterium bacterium n.

Microbiology and Medicine.

Any member of the genus Mycobacterium (family Mycobacteriaceae) of acid-fast, aerobic bacilli, many of which are free-living in soil and water but some of which are obligate or opportunistic parasites of mammals, birds, and cold-blooded animals, causing granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, and Johne's disease; (in form Mycobacterium) the genus itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > types of

vibrio1850

micrococcus1870

microzyme1870

Spirillum1875

mycothrix1876

leptothrix1877

Spirochaete1877

streptococcus1877

Actinomyces1879

frogspawn1880

schizophyte1880

schizomycetes1881

gonococcus1882

saprophile1882

vibrion1882

coccus1883

diplococcus1883

streptobacteria1883

Clostridium1884

actinomycetes1885

pneumococcus1885

macrococcus1887

staphylococcus1887

iron bacterium1888

Proteus1888

ferrobacterium1890

meningococcus1890

rhizobium1890

sulphobacteria1890

nitrobacterium1891

Streptothrix1891

sulphur bacterium1891

myxobacter1892

Myxococcus1892

tetracoccus1893

coli1894

Pasteurella1895

pyrotoxin1895

Gaertner1897

purple bacterium1897

myxobacterium1898

pseudomonas1899

thiobacteria1900

treponema1908

corynebacterium1909

mycobacterium1909

Salmonella1913

Neisseria1915

botulinum1916

rickettsia1916

leptospira1918

acetobacter1920

Brucella1920

pseudomonad1921

strep1927

enterobacterium1929

opportunist1937

eubacterium1939

agrobacterium1942

persister1944

Moraxella1948

enteric1956

streptomycete1956

leptospire1957

transformant1957

lysogen1958

listeria1961

C. difficile1962

yersinia1967

Campylobacter1971

cyanobacterium1973

coryneform1976

eubacterium1977

legionella1979

acetogen1982

C. diff.1990

acidophilous1996

1909 E. R. Stitt Pract. Bacteriol. vii. 66 (heading) Study and identification of bacteria. Mycobacteria and corynebacteria.

1912 Proc. Royal Soc. 1911–12 B. 84 536 If we accept the classification of micro-organisms adopted by Lehmann and Neuman, it would be more correct to describe it [sc. Jöhne's bacillus] as a mycobacterium.

1949 H. W. Florey et al. Antibiotics I. iv. 211 The sensitivity to antibiotics of the slow-growing mycobacteria, notably various strains of the tubercle bacillus, has been studied.

1973 R. G. Krueger et al. Introd. Microbiol. iii. 62/2 Many types of mycobacteria occur as free-living organisms in soil, water, and dairy products.

1984 J. R. Tighe & D. R. Davies Pathol. (ed. 4) i. 4 It is clear that tuberculosis cannot develop without the presence of the essential cause—the mycobacterium.

1988 Q. N. Myrvik & R. S. Weiser Fund. Med. Bacteriol. & Mycol. (ed. 2) ii. 35 Members of the genus Mycobacterium as well as a few species of the genus Nocardia..are readily stained with the red dye carbolfuchsin.

1991 A. Nikiforuk Fourth Horseman x. 157 AIDS patients typically succumb to..loads of mycobacteria.

2000 Independent 20 June (Review section) 18/3 The theory is being taken one step further, with scientists searching the underdeveloped world for mycobacteria to stimulate patients' immune systems.

Compounds

Mycobacterium avium complex n. (more fully Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex) mycobacteria of the closely related species Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare; (also) opportunistic infection caused by bacteria of this group, seen especially in AIDS patients. Abbreviated MAC, MAI.

ΚΠ

1976 Jrnl. Clin. Microbiol. 4 266 (title) Primary isolation of Mycobacterium avium complex-serotype 6 on blood agar.

1977 Amer. Rev. Respiratory Dis. 116 1057/1 The present report describes a 20-year experience in Western Germany with one group of these mycobacteria—the Mycobacterium avium complex.

1979 Acta Pathol. & Microbiol. Scandinavica B. 87 205 (title) Gas chromatographic characterization of porcine and human strains belonging to the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex.

1985 Amer. Jrnl. Clin. Pathol. 83 345 (title) Pseudotumor resulting from atypical mycobacterial infection: a ‘histoid’ variety of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection.

1993 Time 22 Mar. 50/2 Clinicians have also achieved some success against a lung ailment called Mycobacterium avium complex, which mimics tuberculosis.

2001 AXM Aug. 90/1 Successful therapies to prevent both PCP and MAC (Mycobacterium avium complex) became more widely available in the developed world.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mycobacterium
释义	mycobacteriumn. Brit. /ˌmʌɪkə(ʊ)bakˈtɪərɪəm/, U.S. /ˈˌmaɪkoʊˌbækˈtɪriəm/ Inflections: Plural mycobacteria. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Mycobacterium. Etymology: < scientific Latin Mycobacterium (K. B. Lehmann & R. O. Neumann Atlas u. Grundriss der Bakteriol. (1896) II. 108) < myco- myco- comb. form + bacterium bacterium n. Microbiology and Medicine. Any member of the genus Mycobacterium (family Mycobacteriaceae) of acid-fast, aerobic bacilli, many of which are free-living in soil and water but some of which are obligate or opportunistic parasites of mammals, birds, and cold-blooded animals, causing granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, and Johne's disease; (in form Mycobacterium) the genus itself. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > types of vibrio1850 micrococcus1870 microzyme1870 Spirillum1875 mycothrix1876 leptothrix1877 Spirochaete1877 streptococcus1877 Actinomyces1879 frogspawn1880 schizophyte1880 schizomycetes1881 gonococcus1882 saprophile1882 vibrion1882 coccus1883 diplococcus1883 streptobacteria1883 Clostridium1884 actinomycetes1885 pneumococcus1885 macrococcus1887 staphylococcus1887 iron bacterium1888 Proteus1888 ferrobacterium1890 meningococcus1890 rhizobium1890 sulphobacteria1890 nitrobacterium1891 Streptothrix1891 sulphur bacterium1891 myxobacter1892 Myxococcus1892 tetracoccus1893 coli1894 Pasteurella1895 pyrotoxin1895 Gaertner1897 purple bacterium1897 myxobacterium1898 pseudomonas1899 thiobacteria1900 treponema1908 corynebacterium1909 mycobacterium1909 Salmonella1913 Neisseria1915 botulinum1916 rickettsia1916 leptospira1918 acetobacter1920 Brucella1920 pseudomonad1921 strep1927 enterobacterium1929 opportunist1937 eubacterium1939 agrobacterium1942 persister1944 Moraxella1948 enteric1956 streptomycete1956 leptospire1957 transformant1957 lysogen1958 listeria1961 C. difficile1962 yersinia1967 Campylobacter1971 cyanobacterium1973 coryneform1976 eubacterium1977 legionella1979 acetogen1982 C. diff.1990 acidophilous1996 1909 E. R. Stitt Pract. Bacteriol. vii. 66 (heading) Study and identification of bacteria. Mycobacteria and corynebacteria. 1912 Proc. Royal Soc. 1911–12 B. 84 536 If we accept the classification of micro-organisms adopted by Lehmann and Neuman, it would be more correct to describe it [sc. Jöhne's bacillus] as a mycobacterium. 1949 H. W. Florey et al. Antibiotics I. iv. 211 The sensitivity to antibiotics of the slow-growing mycobacteria, notably various strains of the tubercle bacillus, has been studied. 1973 R. G. Krueger et al. Introd. Microbiol. iii. 62/2 Many types of mycobacteria occur as free-living organisms in soil, water, and dairy products. 1984 J. R. Tighe & D. R. Davies Pathol. (ed. 4) i. 4 It is clear that tuberculosis cannot develop without the presence of the essential cause—the mycobacterium. 1988 Q. N. Myrvik & R. S. Weiser Fund. Med. Bacteriol. & Mycol. (ed. 2) ii. 35 Members of the genus Mycobacterium as well as a few species of the genus Nocardia..are readily stained with the red dye carbolfuchsin. 1991 A. Nikiforuk Fourth Horseman x. 157 AIDS patients typically succumb to..loads of mycobacteria. 2000 Independent 20 June (Review section) 18/3 The theory is being taken one step further, with scientists searching the underdeveloped world for mycobacteria to stimulate patients' immune systems. Compounds Mycobacterium avium complex n. (more fully Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex) mycobacteria of the closely related species Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare; (also) opportunistic infection caused by bacteria of this group, seen especially in AIDS patients. Abbreviated MAC, MAI. ΚΠ 1976 Jrnl. Clin. Microbiol. 4 266 (title) Primary isolation of Mycobacterium avium complex-serotype 6 on blood agar. 1977 Amer. Rev. Respiratory Dis. 116 1057/1 The present report describes a 20-year experience in Western Germany with one group of these mycobacteria—the Mycobacterium avium complex. 1979 Acta Pathol. & Microbiol. Scandinavica B. 87 205 (title) Gas chromatographic characterization of porcine and human strains belonging to the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex. 1985 Amer. Jrnl. Clin. Pathol. 83 345 (title) Pseudotumor resulting from atypical mycobacterial infection: a ‘histoid’ variety of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection. 1993 Time 22 Mar. 50/2 Clinicians have also achieved some success against a lung ailment called Mycobacterium avium complex, which mimics tuberculosis. 2001 AXM Aug. 90/1 Successful therapies to prevent both PCP and MAC (Mycobacterium avium complex) became more widely available in the developed world. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1909
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