| 释义 |
myrobalann. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French mirabolan; Latin myrobalanum. Etymology: < Middle French mirabolan, mirobolan fruit of a tree of the genus Terminalia (13th cent. in Old French; French myrobolan , myrobalan ), ben nut (1562 in Du Pinet's translation of Pliny: compare quot. 1601 at sense 2), mirabelle (a1622 in the passage translated in quot. 1630 at sense 3) and its etymon classical Latin myrobalanum ben nut (Celsus, Pliny), in post-classical Latin also in sense 1 (c1230–50 in Bartholomaeus Anglicus: compare quot. a1398 at sense 1α. ) < Hellenistic Greek μυροβάλανος (probably) ben nut (in modern Greek, emblic) < ancient Greek μύρον (see myronic adj.) + βάλανος acorn, date, ben nut (see balanus n.). Compare Italian mirabolano (first half of the 13th cent.; also attested as mirobolano), Old Occitan mirabolan (14th cent.; Occitan miraboulan), Catalan mirabolà (1409), Spanish mirabolano, mirabolanos, mirobálano, mirobálanos (1555 in forms myrabolános, myrobálanos), Portuguese mirobálano (c1813; < Greek; also earlier as mirabólano (c1500; < Italian)). N.E.D. (1908) notes that the word is ‘known colloq. amongst dyers as m'rabs’. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > fruit, seed, or flower used in dyeing > [noun] > myrobalan or belleric fruit the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > stone fruit > plum > other types of α. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 212v Some trees bereþ ferst swete fruyt and beþ afterward bitter and sour, as trees of myrabolanes. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Paris) (1971) 324 (MED) Take mirabolanorum, i. mirabolanes, indorum, belliricorum, emblicorum, [etc.]. a1500 (?a1425) tr. (Lamb.) 85 (MED) Take of Merabole, galengan. 1541 T. Elyot (new ed.) 68 Myrabolones, callyd Kebuli. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria i. ix. f. 44v A greate multitude of certeine beastes..creping as thicke as antes aboute the myrobolane trees. 1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 65v, in Who so vse to eate often of Myrobalans being condite, shall not seeme olde, sayth Mesue. 1598 J. Florio A kinde of mirabolane plum. 1611 R. Cotgrave Myrobalan citrin, the yellow, or Citron Myrobalan. 1612 B. Jonson iv. ii. sig. I2 She melts Like a Myrobalane ! View more context for this quotation 1626 F. Bacon §644 There be Fruits, that are Sweet before they be Ripe; As Myrabolanes. 1678 W. Salmon tr. 136/2 The five sorts of Myrobolans..the Emblick purge Flegm and Water. 1708 P. A. Motteux ii. xiv A Boxfull of conserves, of round Myrabolan plums, called Emblicks. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. I. 141 The Indian Myrobalans are small long Fruit, of the Size of a Child's Finger End. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 403 Distinguished..by its round figure; and called the belleric Myrobalan. 1803 (Royal Soc.) 93 267 The infusion of Myrobalans from the East Indies, differed from the other astringent infusions. 1883 5 Dec. 21/1 It is only when the ruling price of myrabolams is too high that inferior tanning materials are in request. 1899 F. T. Bullen 205 Indian produce, of which cotton, linseed, and myrabolums formed the staple. 1969 T. C. Thorstensen ix. 142 The popularity of myrobalans in the sole leather industry is attributed to the characteristic of the material to ferment and produce acids. 1986 J. A. Samson (ed. 2) xi. 317 Phyllanthus emblica, aonla or myrobalan, a monoecious tree of India, has very acid fruit containing 1.5 per cent vitamin C. 1996 R. Mistry (1997) iii. 141 He collected the fruit of the myrobalan tree to make tannin solution. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding oil > tropical > ben-nut 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. xiii. v. 163 Of the Myrabolane Date. 1706 (new ed.) at Myrobalanum A Fruit, call'd by Apothecaries Myrobalan Ben, or the Nut of Egypt. 1783 (new ed.) ii Myrobalanum..Myrobalan, Ben, or a fruit of Ægypt, about the bigness of a filberd. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > stone fruit > plum > other types of 1630 ‘M. Car’ tr. St. Francis de Sales xi. v. 675 Nor doth it euer render the Peech, and the Nut, so sweete and pleasing, as the Apricot and the Myrabolan plumme. 1659 R. Lovell 364 The damson, mirobalan, and almond. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 70 in Plums, etc. Primordial, Myrobalan, the red, blew, and amber Violet. 1707 J. Mortimer (1721) II. 298 The black Damascen, the Morocco, the Barbary, the Myrobalan, the Apricock Plumb, a delicate Plumb that parts clean from the Stone. 1731 P. Miller I Prunus; fructu rotundo, nigro-purpureo.., Myrabolan Plum. 1800 J. Abercrombie (ed. 16) 673/1 Plums..Myrobalan, Apricot plum [etc.]. 1852 G. W. Johnson 751/1 When dwarfs are desired, the Myrobalan Plum is preferred [as a rootstock]. 1860 R. Hogg 232 [Plums]. Cherry (Early Scarlet..Myrobalan). 1900 W. Robinson (ed. 8) 746/1 P[runus] cerasifera (the Myrobalan), The showiest of all the plums, flowering while the leaf-buds are as yet mere tips of green. 1952 A. G. L. Hellyer (ed. 22) 402 P. cerasifera, ‘Cherry Plum’, ‘Myrobalan’. 1974 30 Nov. 12/3 One should not spray tar oil on the myrobolan prunus. 1986 H. Baker (new ed.) 218 Myrobalan or cherry plums are diploids and are self-compatible. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1398 |
