mouldermoldern.¹

Brit.

/ˈməʊldə/, U.S.

/ˈmoʊldər/

Forms: Middle English moldere, late Middle English mooldare, late Middle English moolder, late Middle English mouldere, 1500s– moulder, 1700s– molder (now North American).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mould v.¹, -er suffix¹, mould n.³

Etymology: < mould v.¹ + -er suffix¹. In sense 4 perhaps independently < mould n.³ + -er suffix¹.

I. A person who or thing which shapes or forms.

a. A person who kneads dough or shapes it into loaves, esp. in commercial baking. Cf. mould v.¹ 1a.In quot. 1290 as a surname.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook > [noun] > baker > baker of bread

bakerOE

moulder1290

bread-wrighta1325

kneaderc1440

white baker1441

paster?a1475

brown baker1528

dough kneader1605

bread man1830

brakesman1845

1290 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1889) I. 94 (MED) Stephen le Moldere.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 342 Mooldare of paste, pistricus.

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 809/11 Panificator, a mouldere.

1837 R. Phillips in N. Whittock et al. Compl. Bk. Trades 19 The dough..is..handed over to a second workman, who slices it with a large knife for the bakers, of whom there are five. The first, or the moulder, forms the biscuits two at a time; the second [etc.].

1880 Daily Tel. 24 Feb. 7/5 (advt.) To Bakers.—Wanted, a respectable young man. Good moulder.

b. More generally: person who moulds a material into a particular form, esp. one who moulds clay into bricks, pottery, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > brick-maker > involved in specific process

clay-man1440

moulder1599

clay-maker1662

upganger1726

clot-moulder1843

1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 24 Eu'n as a lumpe of rude and shapeless clay Into the mould a Moulder cunning brings.

1702 ‘T. Snow’ Apiroscopy i. 4 A Molder or Striker of Bricks, with his Attendants, can strike about 9000 of Bricks in a Day.

1726 J. Laurence New Syst. Agric. 198 Of Brick-making... An Up-striker, a Boy, that lays the Earth upon the Table, and cuts it out for the Moulder.

1770 A. Young Six Months' Tour N. Eng. (1771) III. xx. 255 I had the pleasure of viewing the Staffordshire potteries at Burslem... Modellers,..Pressers,..Painters,..Moulders in plaister of Paris.

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1029 I have..seen an English moulder expert enough to make 25 waterpots a day.

1847 A. C. Smeaton Builder's Pocket Man. (new ed.) 23 Between five in the morning and eight at night, a good moulder will produce five thousand bricks.

1891 F. Tennyson Daphne ii. 452 The plastic substance of this wondrous World, Obedient to the Spirit, as the clay Follows the moulder's touch.

1970 Bible (New Eng.) Wisd. xv. 7 Out of the self-same clay he fashions without distinction the pots that are to serve for honourable uses and the opposite; and what the purpose of each one is to be, the moulder of the clay decides.

†c. A worker in the seed-crushing industry responsible for pressing the rolled seed. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 58/1 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Moulders, men in the seed-crushing industry who draw the rolled seed from the fixture wherein it is made hot, and..subject it to a slight pressure.

2. figurative. A person who or thing which fashions something into a particular character, style, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > creator

forgerc1380

authora1382

feigner1382

formerc1386

founderc1390

makera1450

plasmatoura1500

constitutor1531

framer1534

creator1548

fashioner1548

opificer1548

essentiator1561

creatress1590

effecter1591

compactor1593

moulder1594

creatrix1595

mouldress1599

effector1635

composer1644

plastic1644

opifex1649

fabricator1650

formator1656

efformer1662

essentializer1669

constituenta1676

crafter1907

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. F4^v That Countrie [sc. Italy]..was such a curious moulder of wits.

1643 Polit. Catechism 2 If our Ancestors were the Moulders of this Government, then the King hath not his power, Solely, or Immediately, by Divine Right.

1738 G. Berkeley Disc. Magistrates & Men in Authority 31 Reformers, and new Moulders of the Constitution.

1773 H. Mackenzie Man of World I. v. 57 The two great movements of the soul, which the molder of our frames has placed in them for the incitement of virtue and the prevention of vice, are the desire of honour, and the fear of shame.

1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece I. i. iii. 102 In the primitive..legend Prometheus is not the Creator or Moulder of man.

1892 W. Pike Barren Ground N. Canada 142 Wonderful moulders of geography they [sc. beavers] are.

1955 A. Huxley Genius & Goddess 36 Tripe and hogwash dished out by the moulders of public opinion.

1991 Parl. Affairs 44 533 The Official Secrets Act was, and continues to be, a heavy burden in their work life and is the prime moulder of a culture of secretiveness.

3. An instrument or machine for moulding. Formerly also: †a mould (obsolete). Also figurative.Now usually with modifying word.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > cast or impression > mould

mouldc1330

matrice1587

moulder1612

plasm1620

matrix1626

model1636

form1655

impress1695

proplasm1695

form-board1917

1612 S. Sturtevant Metallica xiii. 96 A Mould or Moulder, is an artificiall instrument which mouldeth..the tempered earth.

1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell ii. 60 Better and holier ones than my selfe, such as stand with their moulders ready to catch any good speech!

1823 New Monthly Mag. 8 503 The hill-side shall still ring with my song—the metal be fashioned in my moulder.

1912 Machine Woodworker 15 July 17/2 A spindle moulder being a machine that has to do a large variety of work, the stock of cutters should be large.

1930 Engineering 26 Sept. 394/3 A self-aligning double roller feed for vertical double-spindle moulders.

1993 Independent on Sunday 22 Aug. (Weekend Suppl.) 40/2 Metal rollers, not hands, flatten the shortbread, kibblers break it into manageable pieces, and rotary moulders embedded with metal dies cut out the various shapes.

II. A maker of moulds.

4. Founding. A person who makes moulds for casting.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > caster or founder > maker or fitter of moulds

mould-maker1337

moulder1535

mould-man1576

pattern-maker1787

pattern-moulder1858

box fitter1885

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > modelling > [noun] > casting methods > mould > mould-maker

mould-maker1337

moulder1535

mould-man1576

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xli. A The Smyth comforted the moulder, & the Ironsmyth the hammerman.

1684 E. Chamberlayne 2nd Pt. Present State Eng. (ed. 12) ii. 225 There belong also to the Mint many officers and others, as melters, smiths..blanchers, moulders.

1792 N.-Y. Directory 84 M'Cawley, Alexander, moulder at the air-furnace, Greenwich-road.

1883 T. D. West Amer. Foundry Pract. 27 Moulders frequently entertain the idea that the heavier the casting, the harder should be the surface of the mould.

1925 Foundry Trade Jrnl. 32 552/2 Many defects described by the practical moulder as draws are in fact blows.

1973 Times 15 Dec. 3/7 He bought the carving from Mr Sydney Lavington, aged 52, an unemployed moulder and caster.

1993 Down East Aug. 95/2 Michael Lappin, a moulder at the Portland Stove Foundry.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mouldern.²

Brit.

/ˈməʊldə/, U.S.

/ˈmoʊldər/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, (occasionally) moulders;

Forms: 1500s moulder, 1500s mowlder; Scottish 1800s (Shetland and Orkney) 1900s– (Orkney) mulder, 1900s– muldro (Orkney); Irish English (northern) 1900s– mulder.

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mould n.¹

Etymology: Probably a variant of mould n.¹, by association with moulder v. Compare moulder n.³

†1. Mould; clay; dust. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily substance > [noun] > type of > specific

mouldOE

mouldera1552

the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust

dustc825

mulla1393

stourc1470

stuff1481

mouldera1552

stive1793

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VII. 48 Mony hid yn Pottes so hold and muldid that when yt was stronly towchid yt went almost to mowlder.

1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. L1 Men..that are chained to such heauie earthly moulder.

2. In singular and plural. Scottish (Orkney and Shetland) and Irish English. Crumbs, esp. of oatcake.

ΚΠ

1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 75 Mulder, small crumbs or bread-dust.

1996 M. Flaws & G. Lamb Orkney Dict. 42/2 Mulders, crumbs.

1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 230/1 Mulder, crumbled fragments of oatcake.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† mouldern.³

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mould n.⁴

Etymology: Probably a variant of mould n.⁴, by association with moulder v. Compare moulder n.² N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (mō^u·ldəɹ) /ˈməʊldə(r)/.

Obsolete. rare.

= mould n.⁴ 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > mould or mildew

fenOE

mildew1340

moulda1400

moul1440

vinny1538

hoar1548

mouldingc1610

vinegar-plant1797

moulder1817

mucor1818

vinegar mother1839

leaf rust1859

wood-mould1869

Isaria1874

grease mould1882

brown mould1883

pourriture noble1911

fumagine1913

1817 I. Blackburn Sci. Ship-building 145 Without almost constant fires, furniture, linen, silks, &c. &c. will be continually damaging, from moulder, rust, and mildew.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

mouldermolderv.

Brit.

/ˈməʊldə/, U.S.

/ˈmoʊldər/

Forms: 1500s moldre, 1500s (1800s– British regional) mulder, 1500s–1600s mouldre, 1500s– molder (now North American), 1500s– moulder, 1600s moudre, 1800s– mooler (English regional (north-eastern)); Scottish pre-1700 moulder, pre-1700 (1900s– Orkney) mulder, 1700s 1900s– muller, 1800s mooler, 1800s moul'ard (past participle), 1800s mouller, 1900s– muiller (southern).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mould n.¹, -er suffix⁵.

Etymology: < mould n.¹ + -er suffix⁵. Compare German regional (Low German: East Friesland) mulstern , German multern to rot, become mouldy, Norwegian smuldre to crumble, decompose, disintegrate, (Nynorsk) moldra to crumble. Compare moulter v.¹, milder v.Probably influenced semantically by association with mould n.⁴

a. intransitive. To decay to dust; to rot; to crumble. Frequently with away; occasionally with down, up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > decompose, crumble, or melt away

melteOE

fleetc1384

dissolvec1420

unbindc1450

loosec1480

moulder1531

mirtlec1540

mould1542

moulter1568

mutter1609

mosker1612

disband1633

dust1636

dissipatea1676

deliquesce1792

decompose1793

disintegrate1817

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xviii. sig. ei^v It aught to be well considered that the cement..be firme... For if it be brokle, & will mouldre a way with euery showre of raine, the buyldynge may nat contynewe.

1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare xxi. 605 God..caused the Sacrament to mulder into asshes in his handes.

1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 414/1 A thing moldred for verie age.

1616 W. Forde Serm. 22 Thy house will shortly fall and moudre.

1663 Minute 13 July in T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) I. 276 The first or second time it was used, it mouldered all up again, and he was obliged to bottom the oven again with bricks.

a1674 Earl of Clarendon Brief View Leviathan (1676) 171 Sand, that, assoon as you come to rest upon it, molders away to nothing.

1700 M. Prior Carmen Sæculare 15 When Statues moulder, and when Arches fall.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 268 The ancient walls were suffered to moulder away.

1807 J. Headrick View Mineral. Arran 40 Exposure to the air causes this limestone to moulder down.

1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama xvi. 177 The robes of royalty which once they wore, Long since had mouldered off and left them bare.

1851 G. Borrow Lavengro xciv Both gouty George and his devoted servant will be mouldering in their tombs.

1877 J. Ruskin Arrows of Chace (1880) I. 236 Those traceries should be..left in reverence until they moulder away.

1915 A. Conan Doyle Valley of Fear i. iii. 36 The house had been untenanted for some years, and was threatening to moulder into a picturesque decay when the Douglases took possession of it.

1942 E. Langley Pea Pickers iii. 38 An old crop of unharvested wheat left to melt and moulder under the storms of the world.

1976 T. Hooper Guide to Bees & Honey vi. 124 Combs which have dried out and partly mouldered away..should also be replaced.

1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! xxi. 184 It was as if from the trashy workings of a tranny, already mouldering on a rubbish dump, the mellifluous voice of Richard Burton had unaccountably blossomed forth.

b. intransitive. figurative.

ΚΠ

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. viii. 557 It [sc. religion] would haue escaped and mouldred [1632 moultred] away betweene their fingers.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxvii. 220 As to those offerd condescensions..they moulder into nothing.

1679 C. Ness Distinct Disc. Antichrist 162 This Western empire was forsaken, which after molder'd into an ignoble exarchate.

a1688 J. Lauder Hist. Notices (1848) 161 The use of Weapon-shawings is very ancient with us, and ware founded [etc.]..and then they mouldred away.

1758 J. Rutty Spiritual Diary (ed. 2) 110 O, how my friendships have mouldered!

1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. v. 99 All idea of serious opposition to the house of Hanover had long mouldered away.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Prol. 9 Never man So moulder'd in a sinecure as he.

1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out xv. 235 All I ask is to be left alone to moulder away in solitude.

1950 T. S. Eliot Cocktail Party ii. 129 What have they to go back to? To the stale food mouldering in the larder, the stale thoughts mouldering in their minds.

1986 Boston Globe 28 May 15/4 The mad plan was promptly leaked to David Hoffman of The Washington Post, and may, in consequence, molder on the drawing board.

a. transitive. To cause to crumble, come to pieces, rot, or decay. Also with away, down. Now chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to decompose, crumble, or melt away

dissolvec1384

consume1585

break1597

moulder1603

moulter1636

discoagulatea1658

open1686

disintegrate1794

decompose1841

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. iii. 210 To be mouldred and crushed to death, vnder the Chariots wheeles.

a1627 J. Donne in S. Dark Five Deans (1928) 79 Rome,..Wittenberg,..Geneva..are all virtual beams of one Sun, wheresoever they find clay hearts, they harden them and moulder them into dust.

1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver vi. 34 And so cut the Turfe, that the Soard may have all the Winters frost to wroxe, and moulder it.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Let. to Friend (1690) 6 Sharp and corroding Rheums had so early mouldred those Rocks and hardest parts of his Fabrick [sc. his teeth].

1752 Scotland's Glory (1786) iii. 55 Those who once built Zion's walls are mouldering them to rubbish.

1769 W. Hamilton Let. 17 Oct. in Observ. Vesuvius (1772) 76 Some [volcanoes] have been so far mouldered down by time, as to have no other appearance of a crater than a sort of dimple.

1807 W. Wordsworth Let. 21 May in Lett. William & Dorothy Wordsworth (1969) II. 146 Long after we..are mouldered in our graves.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 596 A sudden frost..moulders down still more of the earth from both sides.

1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words To mooler the soil, to mooler a piece of bread.

1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 215 Muiller,..to cause to crumble: ‘Ti muiller bread.’ ‘Frost muillers the clods.’

†b. transitive. figurative. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

?1629 A. Leighton Appeal to Parl. (caption) (facing verso title page) The tottering Prelats, with their trumpry all, shall moulder downe, like Elder from the wall.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 307 How many men have we seene molder and crumble away great estates.

1759 S. Fielding Hist. Countess of Dellwyn II. 101 A Man who moulders away his Understanding.

1826 E. Irving Spiritual Econ. Scotl. in Writings (1865) III. 475 The causes which have..mouldered the excellency of our spiritual and moral institutions.

†3. intransitive. Of a group of people, esp. an army: to diminish in number; to dwindle. Frequently with away. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)] > decrease in quantity or number

wane1297

moulter1643

moulder1650

thin1779

weed1877

1650 Perfect Passages Intelligence Army No. 21. 133 This Country hath been filled with Reports throughout, that all our Forces in Ireland were so mouldred away, that none were left in the field.

a1666 E. Ludlow Voyce from Watch Tower (1978) v. 115 He brought off his troope;..which had such an influence upon Major Generall Lambert's party, that by little and little they mouldred away.

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. viii. 388 If he had sate still, the Enemies great Army would have moulder'd to nothing.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 221. ¶5 The other [preacher] finding his Congregation mouldering every Sunday.

1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. i. 16 A gallant army..mouldering away for want of the direction of a man of common abilities.

1823 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. (1827) III. ii. 127 The Christian army..was mouldering away with disease on the sultry coast of Mauritania.

4. intransitive. To wander aimlessly or listlessly off.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)]

wendeOE

i-wite971

ashakec975

shakeOE

to go awayOE

witea1000

afareOE

agoOE

atwendOE

awayOE

to wend awayOE

awendOE

gangOE

rimeOE

flitc1175

to fare forthc1200

depart?c1225

part?c1225

partc1230

to-partc1275

biwitec1300

atwitea1325

withdrawa1325

to draw awayc1330

passc1330

to turn one's (also the) backc1330

lenda1350

begonec1370

remuea1375

voidc1374

removec1380

to long awaya1382

twinc1386

to pass one's wayc1390

trussc1390

waive1390

to pass out ofa1398

avoida1400

to pass awaya1400

to turn awaya1400

slakec1400

wagc1400

returnc1405

to be gonea1425

muck1429

packc1450

recede1450

roomc1450

to show (a person) the feetc1450

to come offc1475

to take one's licence1475

issue1484

devoidc1485

rebatea1500

walka1500

to go adieua1522

pikea1529

to go one's ways1530

retire?1543

avaunt1549

to make out1558

trudge1562

vade?1570

fly1581

leave1593

wag1594

to get off1595

to go off1600

to put off1600

shog1600

troop1600

to forsake patch1602

exit1607

hence1614

to give offa1616

to take off1657

to move off1692

to cut (also slip) the painter1699

sheera1704

to go about one's business1749

mizzle1772

to move out1792

transit1797–1803

stump it1803

to run away1809

quit1811

to clear off1816

to clear out1816

nash1819

fuff1822

to make (take) tracks (for)1824

mosey1829

slope1830

to tail out1830

to walk one's chalks1835

to take away1838

shove1844

trot1847

fade1848

evacuate1849

shag1851

to get up and get1854

to pull out1855

to cut (the) cable(s)1859

to light out1859

to pick up1872

to sling one's Daniel or hook1873

to sling (also take) one's hook1874

smoke1893

screw1896

shoot1897

voetsak1897

to tootle off1902

to ship out1908

to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909

to push off1918

to bugger off1922

biff1923

to fuck off1929

to hit, split or take the breeze1931

to jack off1931

to piss offa1935

to do a mick1937

to take a walk1937

to head off1941

to take a hike1944

moulder1945

to chuff off1947

to get lost1947

to shoot through1947

skidoo1949

to sod off1950

peel1951

bug1952

split1954

poop1961

mugger1962

frig1965

1945 E. Bowen Demon Lover 48 I mouldered off by myself..to watch the old clock.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1290

n.²a1552

n.³1817

v.1531

单词	moulder
释义	mouldermoldern.¹ Brit. /ˈməʊldə/, U.S. /ˈmoʊldər/ Forms: Middle English moldere, late Middle English mooldare, late Middle English moolder, late Middle English mouldere, 1500s– moulder, 1700s– molder (now North American). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mould v.¹, -er suffix¹, mould n.³ Etymology: < mould v.¹ + -er suffix¹. In sense 4 perhaps independently < mould n.³ + -er suffix¹. I. A person who or thing which shapes or forms. 1. a. A person who kneads dough or shapes it into loaves, esp. in commercial baking. Cf. mould v.¹ 1a.In quot. 1290 as a surname. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook > [noun] > baker > baker of bread bakerOE moulder1290 bread-wrighta1325 kneaderc1440 white baker1441 paster?a1475 brown baker1528 dough kneader1605 bread man1830 brakesman1845 1290 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1889) I. 94 (MED) Stephen le Moldere. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 342 Mooldare of paste, pistricus. ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 809/11 Panificator, a mouldere. 1837 R. Phillips in N. Whittock et al. Compl. Bk. Trades 19 The dough..is..handed over to a second workman, who slices it with a large knife for the bakers, of whom there are five. The first, or the moulder, forms the biscuits two at a time; the second [etc.]. 1880 Daily Tel. 24 Feb. 7/5 (advt.) To Bakers.—Wanted, a respectable young man. Good moulder. b. More generally: person who moulds a material into a particular form, esp. one who moulds clay into bricks, pottery, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > maker of bricks or tiles > [noun] > brick-maker > involved in specific process clay-man1440 moulder1599 clay-maker1662 upganger1726 clot-moulder1843 1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 24 Eu'n as a lumpe of rude and shapeless clay Into the mould a Moulder cunning brings. 1702 ‘T. Snow’ Apiroscopy i. 4 A Molder or Striker of Bricks, with his Attendants, can strike about 9000 of Bricks in a Day. 1726 J. Laurence New Syst. Agric. 198 Of Brick-making... An Up-striker, a Boy, that lays the Earth upon the Table, and cuts it out for the Moulder. 1770 A. Young Six Months' Tour N. Eng. (1771) III. xx. 255 I had the pleasure of viewing the Staffordshire potteries at Burslem... Modellers,..Pressers,..Painters,..Moulders in plaister of Paris. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1029 I have..seen an English moulder expert enough to make 25 waterpots a day. 1847 A. C. Smeaton Builder's Pocket Man. (new ed.) 23 Between five in the morning and eight at night, a good moulder will produce five thousand bricks. 1891 F. Tennyson Daphne ii. 452 The plastic substance of this wondrous World, Obedient to the Spirit, as the clay Follows the moulder's touch. 1970 Bible (New Eng.) Wisd. xv. 7 Out of the self-same clay he fashions without distinction the pots that are to serve for honourable uses and the opposite; and what the purpose of each one is to be, the moulder of the clay decides. †c. A worker in the seed-crushing industry responsible for pressing the rolled seed. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 58/1 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Moulders, men in the seed-crushing industry who draw the rolled seed from the fixture wherein it is made hot, and..subject it to a slight pressure. 2. figurative. A person who or thing which fashions something into a particular character, style, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > creator forgerc1380 authora1382 feigner1382 formerc1386 founderc1390 makera1450 plasmatoura1500 constitutor1531 framer1534 creator1548 fashioner1548 opificer1548 essentiator1561 creatress1590 effecter1591 compactor1593 moulder1594 creatrix1595 mouldress1599 effector1635 composer1644 plastic1644 opifex1649 fabricator1650 formator1656 efformer1662 essentializer1669 constituenta1676 crafter1907 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. F4^v That Countrie [sc. Italy]..was such a curious moulder of wits. 1643 Polit. Catechism 2 If our Ancestors were the Moulders of this Government, then the King hath not his power, Solely, or Immediately, by Divine Right. 1738 G. Berkeley Disc. Magistrates & Men in Authority 31 Reformers, and new Moulders of the Constitution. 1773 H. Mackenzie Man of World I. v. 57 The two great movements of the soul, which the molder of our frames has placed in them for the incitement of virtue and the prevention of vice, are the desire of honour, and the fear of shame. 1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece I. i. iii. 102 In the primitive..legend Prometheus is not the Creator or Moulder of man. 1892 W. Pike Barren Ground N. Canada 142 Wonderful moulders of geography they [sc. beavers] are. 1955 A. Huxley Genius & Goddess 36 Tripe and hogwash dished out by the moulders of public opinion. 1991 Parl. Affairs 44 533 The Official Secrets Act was, and continues to be, a heavy burden in their work life and is the prime moulder of a culture of secretiveness. 3. An instrument or machine for moulding. Formerly also: †a mould (obsolete). Also figurative.Now usually with modifying word. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > cast or impression > mould mouldc1330 matrice1587 moulder1612 plasm1620 matrix1626 model1636 form1655 impress1695 proplasm1695 form-board1917 1612 S. Sturtevant Metallica xiii. 96 A Mould or Moulder, is an artificiall instrument which mouldeth..the tempered earth. 1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell ii. 60 Better and holier ones than my selfe, such as stand with their moulders ready to catch any good speech! 1823 New Monthly Mag. 8 503 The hill-side shall still ring with my song—the metal be fashioned in my moulder. 1912 Machine Woodworker 15 July 17/2 A spindle moulder being a machine that has to do a large variety of work, the stock of cutters should be large. 1930 Engineering 26 Sept. 394/3 A self-aligning double roller feed for vertical double-spindle moulders. 1993 Independent on Sunday 22 Aug. (Weekend Suppl.) 40/2 Metal rollers, not hands, flatten the shortbread, kibblers break it into manageable pieces, and rotary moulders embedded with metal dies cut out the various shapes. II. A maker of moulds. 4. Founding. A person who makes moulds for casting. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > caster or founder > maker or fitter of moulds mould-maker1337 moulder1535 mould-man1576 pattern-maker1787 pattern-moulder1858 box fitter1885 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > modelling > [noun] > casting methods > mould > mould-maker mould-maker1337 moulder1535 mould-man1576 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xli. A The Smyth comforted the moulder, & the Ironsmyth the hammerman. 1684 E. Chamberlayne 2nd Pt. Present State Eng. (ed. 12) ii. 225 There belong also to the Mint many officers and others, as melters, smiths..blanchers, moulders. 1792 N.-Y. Directory 84 M'Cawley, Alexander, moulder at the air-furnace, Greenwich-road. 1883 T. D. West Amer. Foundry Pract. 27 Moulders frequently entertain the idea that the heavier the casting, the harder should be the surface of the mould. 1925 Foundry Trade Jrnl. 32 552/2 Many defects described by the practical moulder as draws are in fact blows. 1973 Times 15 Dec. 3/7 He bought the carving from Mr Sydney Lavington, aged 52, an unemployed moulder and caster. 1993 Down East Aug. 95/2 Michael Lappin, a moulder at the Portland Stove Foundry. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mouldern.² Brit. /ˈməʊldə/, U.S. /ˈmoʊldər/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, (occasionally) moulders; Forms: 1500s moulder, 1500s mowlder; Scottish 1800s (Shetland and Orkney) 1900s– (Orkney) mulder, 1900s– muldro (Orkney); Irish English (northern) 1900s– mulder. Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mould n.¹ Etymology: Probably a variant of mould n.¹, by association with moulder v. Compare moulder n.³ †1. Mould; clay; dust. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily substance > [noun] > type of > specific mouldOE mouldera1552 the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust dustc825 mulla1393 stourc1470 stuff1481 mouldera1552 stive1793 a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VII. 48 Mony hid yn Pottes so hold and muldid that when yt was stronly towchid yt went almost to mowlder. 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. L1 Men..that are chained to such heauie earthly moulder. 2. In singular and plural. Scottish (Orkney and Shetland) and Irish English. Crumbs, esp. of oatcake. ΚΠ 1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 75 Mulder, small crumbs or bread-dust. 1996 M. Flaws & G. Lamb Orkney Dict. 42/2 Mulders, crumbs. 1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 230/1 Mulder, crumbled fragments of oatcake. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † mouldern.³ Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mould n.⁴ Etymology: Probably a variant of mould n.⁴, by association with moulder v. Compare moulder n.² N.E.D. (1908) gives the pronunciation as (mō^u·ldəɹ) /ˈməʊldə(r)/. Obsolete. rare. = mould n.⁴ 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > mould or mildew fenOE mildew1340 moulda1400 moul1440 vinny1538 hoar1548 mouldingc1610 vinegar-plant1797 moulder1817 mucor1818 vinegar mother1839 leaf rust1859 wood-mould1869 Isaria1874 grease mould1882 brown mould1883 pourriture noble1911 fumagine1913 1817 I. Blackburn Sci. Ship-building 145 Without almost constant fires, furniture, linen, silks, &c. &c. will be continually damaging, from moulder, rust, and mildew. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2019). mouldermolderv. Brit. /ˈməʊldə/, U.S. /ˈmoʊldər/ Forms: 1500s moldre, 1500s (1800s– British regional) mulder, 1500s–1600s mouldre, 1500s– molder (now North American), 1500s– moulder, 1600s moudre, 1800s– mooler (English regional (north-eastern)); Scottish pre-1700 moulder, pre-1700 (1900s– Orkney) mulder, 1700s 1900s– muller, 1800s mooler, 1800s moul'ard (past participle), 1800s mouller, 1900s– muiller (southern). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mould n.¹, -er suffix⁵. Etymology: < mould n.¹ + -er suffix⁵. Compare German regional (Low German: East Friesland) mulstern , German multern to rot, become mouldy, Norwegian smuldre to crumble, decompose, disintegrate, (Nynorsk) moldra to crumble. Compare moulter v.¹, milder v.Probably influenced semantically by association with mould n.⁴ 1. a. intransitive. To decay to dust; to rot; to crumble. Frequently with away; occasionally with down, up. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > decompose, crumble, or melt away melteOE fleetc1384 dissolvec1420 unbindc1450 loosec1480 moulder1531 mirtlec1540 mould1542 moulter1568 mutter1609 mosker1612 disband1633 dust1636 dissipatea1676 deliquesce1792 decompose1793 disintegrate1817 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xviii. sig. ei^v It aught to be well considered that the cement..be firme... For if it be brokle, & will mouldre a way with euery showre of raine, the buyldynge may nat contynewe. 1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare xxi. 605 God..caused the Sacrament to mulder into asshes in his handes. 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 414/1 A thing moldred for verie age. 1616 W. Forde Serm. 22 Thy house will shortly fall and moudre. 1663 Minute 13 July in T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) I. 276 The first or second time it was used, it mouldered all up again, and he was obliged to bottom the oven again with bricks. a1674 Earl of Clarendon Brief View Leviathan (1676) 171 Sand, that, assoon as you come to rest upon it, molders away to nothing. 1700 M. Prior Carmen Sæculare 15 When Statues moulder, and when Arches fall. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 268 The ancient walls were suffered to moulder away. 1807 J. Headrick View Mineral. Arran 40 Exposure to the air causes this limestone to moulder down. 1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama xvi. 177 The robes of royalty which once they wore, Long since had mouldered off and left them bare. 1851 G. Borrow Lavengro xciv Both gouty George and his devoted servant will be mouldering in their tombs. 1877 J. Ruskin Arrows of Chace (1880) I. 236 Those traceries should be..left in reverence until they moulder away. 1915 A. Conan Doyle Valley of Fear i. iii. 36 The house had been untenanted for some years, and was threatening to moulder into a picturesque decay when the Douglases took possession of it. 1942 E. Langley Pea Pickers iii. 38 An old crop of unharvested wheat left to melt and moulder under the storms of the world. 1976 T. Hooper Guide to Bees & Honey vi. 124 Combs which have dried out and partly mouldered away..should also be replaced. 1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! xxi. 184 It was as if from the trashy workings of a tranny, already mouldering on a rubbish dump, the mellifluous voice of Richard Burton had unaccountably blossomed forth. b. intransitive. figurative. ΚΠ 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. viii. 557 It [sc. religion] would haue escaped and mouldred [1632 moultred] away betweene their fingers. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxvii. 220 As to those offerd condescensions..they moulder into nothing. 1679 C. Ness Distinct Disc. Antichrist 162 This Western empire was forsaken, which after molder'd into an ignoble exarchate. a1688 J. Lauder Hist. Notices (1848) 161 The use of Weapon-shawings is very ancient with us, and ware founded [etc.]..and then they mouldred away. 1758 J. Rutty Spiritual Diary (ed. 2) 110 O, how my friendships have mouldered! 1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. v. 99 All idea of serious opposition to the house of Hanover had long mouldered away. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Prol. 9 Never man So moulder'd in a sinecure as he. 1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out xv. 235 All I ask is to be left alone to moulder away in solitude. 1950 T. S. Eliot Cocktail Party ii. 129 What have they to go back to? To the stale food mouldering in the larder, the stale thoughts mouldering in their minds. 1986 Boston Globe 28 May 15/4 The mad plan was promptly leaked to David Hoffman of The Washington Post, and may, in consequence, molder on the drawing board. 2. a. transitive. To cause to crumble, come to pieces, rot, or decay. Also with away, down. Now chiefly Scottish and English regional (northern). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to decompose, crumble, or melt away dissolvec1384 consume1585 break1597 moulder1603 moulter1636 discoagulatea1658 open1686 disintegrate1794 decompose1841 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. iii. 210 To be mouldred and crushed to death, vnder the Chariots wheeles. a1627 J. Donne in S. Dark Five Deans (1928) 79 Rome,..Wittenberg,..Geneva..are all virtual beams of one Sun, wheresoever they find clay hearts, they harden them and moulder them into dust. 1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver vi. 34 And so cut the Turfe, that the Soard may have all the Winters frost to wroxe, and moulder it. a1682 Sir T. Browne Let. to Friend (1690) 6 Sharp and corroding Rheums had so early mouldred those Rocks and hardest parts of his Fabrick [sc. his teeth]. 1752 Scotland's Glory (1786) iii. 55 Those who once built Zion's walls are mouldering them to rubbish. 1769 W. Hamilton Let. 17 Oct. in Observ. Vesuvius (1772) 76 Some [volcanoes] have been so far mouldered down by time, as to have no other appearance of a crater than a sort of dimple. 1807 W. Wordsworth Let. 21 May in Lett. William & Dorothy Wordsworth (1969) II. 146 Long after we..are mouldered in our graves. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 596 A sudden frost..moulders down still more of the earth from both sides. 1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words To mooler the soil, to mooler a piece of bread. 1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 215 Muiller,..to cause to crumble: ‘Ti muiller bread.’ ‘Frost muillers the clods.’ †b. transitive. figurative. Obsolete. ΚΠ ?1629 A. Leighton Appeal to Parl. (caption) (facing verso title page) The tottering Prelats, with their trumpry all, shall moulder downe, like Elder from the wall. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 307 How many men have we seene molder and crumble away great estates. 1759 S. Fielding Hist. Countess of Dellwyn II. 101 A Man who moulders away his Understanding. 1826 E. Irving Spiritual Econ. Scotl. in Writings (1865) III. 475 The causes which have..mouldered the excellency of our spiritual and moral institutions. †3. intransitive. Of a group of people, esp. an army: to diminish in number; to dwindle. Frequently with away. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)] > decrease in quantity or number wane1297 moulter1643 moulder1650 thin1779 weed1877 1650 Perfect Passages Intelligence Army No. 21. 133 This Country hath been filled with Reports throughout, that all our Forces in Ireland were so mouldred away, that none were left in the field. a1666 E. Ludlow Voyce from Watch Tower (1978) v. 115 He brought off his troope;..which had such an influence upon Major Generall Lambert's party, that by little and little they mouldred away. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. viii. 388 If he had sate still, the Enemies great Army would have moulder'd to nothing. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 221. ¶5 The other [preacher] finding his Congregation mouldering every Sunday. 1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. i. 16 A gallant army..mouldering away for want of the direction of a man of common abilities. 1823 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. (1827) III. ii. 127 The Christian army..was mouldering away with disease on the sultry coast of Mauritania. 4. intransitive. To wander aimlessly or listlessly off.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] wendeOE i-wite971 ashakec975 shakeOE to go awayOE witea1000 afareOE agoOE atwendOE awayOE to wend awayOE awendOE gangOE rimeOE flitc1175 to fare forthc1200 depart?c1225 part?c1225 partc1230 to-partc1275 biwitec1300 atwitea1325 withdrawa1325 to draw awayc1330 passc1330 to turn one's (also the) backc1330 lenda1350 begonec1370 remuea1375 voidc1374 removec1380 to long awaya1382 twinc1386 to pass one's wayc1390 trussc1390 waive1390 to pass out ofa1398 avoida1400 to pass awaya1400 to turn awaya1400 slakec1400 wagc1400 returnc1405 to be gonea1425 muck1429 packc1450 recede1450 roomc1450 to show (a person) the feetc1450 to come offc1475 to take one's licence1475 issue1484 devoidc1485 rebatea1500 walka1500 to go adieua1522 pikea1529 to go one's ways1530 retire?1543 avaunt1549 to make out1558 trudge1562 vade?1570 fly1581 leave1593 wag1594 to get off1595 to go off1600 to put off1600 shog1600 troop1600 to forsake patch1602 exit1607 hence1614 to give offa1616 to take off1657 to move off1692 to cut (also slip) the painter1699 sheera1704 to go about one's business1749 mizzle1772 to move out1792 transit1797–1803 stump it1803 to run away1809 quit1811 to clear off1816 to clear out1816 nash1819 fuff1822 to make (take) tracks (for)1824 mosey1829 slope1830 to tail out1830 to walk one's chalks1835 to take away1838 shove1844 trot1847 fade1848 evacuate1849 shag1851 to get up and get1854 to pull out1855 to cut (the) cable(s)1859 to light out1859 to pick up1872 to sling one's Daniel or hook1873 to sling (also take) one's hook1874 smoke1893 screw1896 shoot1897 voetsak1897 to tootle off1902 to ship out1908 to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909 to push off1918 to bugger off1922 biff1923 to fuck off1929 to hit, split or take the breeze1931 to jack off1931 to piss offa1935 to do a mick1937 to take a walk1937 to head off1941 to take a hike1944 moulder1945 to chuff off1947 to get lost1947 to shoot through1947 skidoo1949 to sod off1950 peel1951 bug1952 split1954 poop1961 mugger1962 frig1965 1945 E. Bowen Demon Lover 48 I mouldered off by myself..to watch the old clock. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1290n.²a1552n.³1817v.1531
随便看	compliment a person into , out of compliment a person into , out of a thing compliment a person into a state, out of compliment a person into a state, out of a thing compliment away compliment into , out of compliment into , out of a thing compliment into a state, out of compliment into a state, out of a thing compliment-monger complimentable complimental complimentality complimentally complimentarily complimentariness complimentary complimentation complimentative complimented complimentee complimenter complimenters complimenting complimentingly

mouldermoldern.1

mouldern.2

† mouldern.3

mouldermolderv.

mouldermoldern.¹

mouldern.²

† mouldern.³